xref: /openbsd-src/usr.sbin/rpki-client/validate.c (revision 6ca44032e7be0d795b9f13c99fbce059e942c15d)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: validate.c,v 1.60 2023/05/09 10:34:32 tb Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2019 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
4  *
5  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
6  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
8  *
9  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
10  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
11  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
12  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
13  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
14  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
15  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
16  */
17 
18 #include <arpa/inet.h>
19 #include <assert.h>
20 #include <ctype.h>
21 #include <err.h>
22 #include <fcntl.h>
23 #include <inttypes.h>
24 #include <stdlib.h>
25 #include <string.h>
26 #include <unistd.h>
27 
28 #include "extern.h"
29 
30 extern ASN1_OBJECT	*certpol_oid;
31 
32 /*
33  * Walk up the chain of certificates trying to match our AS number to
34  * one of the allocations in that chain.
35  * Returns 1 if covered or 0 if not.
36  */
37 static int
38 valid_as(struct auth *a, uint32_t min, uint32_t max)
39 {
40 	int	 c;
41 
42 	if (a == NULL)
43 		return 0;
44 
45 	/* Does this certificate cover our AS number? */
46 	c = as_check_covered(min, max, a->cert->as, a->cert->asz);
47 	if (c > 0)
48 		return 1;
49 	else if (c < 0)
50 		return 0;
51 
52 	/* If it inherits, walk up the chain. */
53 	return valid_as(a->parent, min, max);
54 }
55 
56 /*
57  * Walk up the chain of certificates (really just the last one, but in
58  * the case of inheritance, the ones before) making sure that our IP
59  * prefix is covered in the first non-inheriting specification.
60  * Returns 1 if covered or 0 if not.
61  */
62 static int
63 valid_ip(struct auth *a, enum afi afi,
64     const unsigned char *min, const unsigned char *max)
65 {
66 	int	 c;
67 
68 	if (a == NULL)
69 		return 0;
70 
71 	/* Does this certificate cover our IP prefix? */
72 	c = ip_addr_check_covered(afi, min, max, a->cert->ips, a->cert->ipsz);
73 	if (c > 0)
74 		return 1;
75 	else if (c < 0)
76 		return 0;
77 
78 	/* If it inherits, walk up the chain. */
79 	return valid_ip(a->parent, afi, min, max);
80 }
81 
82 /*
83  * Make sure the AKI is the same as the AKI listed on the Manifest,
84  * and that the SKI doesn't already exist.
85  * Return the parent by its AKI, or NULL on failure.
86  */
87 struct auth *
88 valid_ski_aki(const char *fn, struct auth_tree *auths,
89     const char *ski, const char *aki, const char *mftaki)
90 {
91 	struct auth *a;
92 
93 	if (mftaki != NULL) {
94 		if (strcmp(aki, mftaki) != 0) {
95 			warnx("%s: AKI doesn't match Manifest AKI", fn);
96 			return NULL;
97 		}
98 	}
99 
100 	if (auth_find(auths, ski) != NULL) {
101 		warnx("%s: RFC 6487: duplicate SKI", fn);
102 		return NULL;
103 	}
104 
105 	a = auth_find(auths, aki);
106 	if (a == NULL)
107 		warnx("%s: RFC 6487: unknown AKI", fn);
108 
109 	return a;
110 }
111 
112 /*
113  * Validate a trust anchor by making sure that the SKI is unique.
114  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
115  */
116 int
117 valid_ta(const char *fn, struct auth_tree *auths, const struct cert *cert)
118 {
119 	/* SKI must not be a dupe. */
120 	if (auth_find(auths, cert->ski) != NULL) {
121 		warnx("%s: RFC 6487: duplicate SKI", fn);
122 		return 0;
123 	}
124 
125 	return 1;
126 }
127 
128 /*
129  * Validate a non-TA certificate: make sure its IP and AS resources are
130  * fully covered by those in the authority key (which must exist).
131  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
132  */
133 int
134 valid_cert(const char *fn, struct auth *a, const struct cert *cert)
135 {
136 	size_t		 i;
137 	uint32_t	 min, max;
138 	char		 buf1[64], buf2[64];
139 
140 	for (i = 0; i < cert->asz; i++) {
141 		if (cert->as[i].type == CERT_AS_INHERIT)
142 			continue;
143 		min = cert->as[i].type == CERT_AS_ID ?
144 		    cert->as[i].id : cert->as[i].range.min;
145 		max = cert->as[i].type == CERT_AS_ID ?
146 		    cert->as[i].id : cert->as[i].range.max;
147 		if (valid_as(a, min, max))
148 			continue;
149 		warnx("%s: RFC 6487: uncovered AS: "
150 		    "%u--%u", fn, min, max);
151 		return 0;
152 	}
153 
154 	for (i = 0; i < cert->ipsz; i++) {
155 		if (valid_ip(a, cert->ips[i].afi, cert->ips[i].min,
156 		    cert->ips[i].max))
157 			continue;
158 		switch (cert->ips[i].type) {
159 		case CERT_IP_RANGE:
160 			ip_addr_print(&cert->ips[i].range.min,
161 			    cert->ips[i].afi, buf1, sizeof(buf1));
162 			ip_addr_print(&cert->ips[i].range.max,
163 			    cert->ips[i].afi, buf2, sizeof(buf2));
164 			warnx("%s: RFC 6487: uncovered IP: "
165 			    "%s--%s", fn, buf1, buf2);
166 			break;
167 		case CERT_IP_ADDR:
168 			ip_addr_print(&cert->ips[i].ip,
169 			    cert->ips[i].afi, buf1, sizeof(buf1));
170 			warnx("%s: RFC 6487: uncovered IP: "
171 			    "%s", fn, buf1);
172 			break;
173 		case CERT_IP_INHERIT:
174 			warnx("%s: RFC 6487: uncovered IP: "
175 			    "(inherit)", fn);
176 			break;
177 		}
178 		return 0;
179 	}
180 
181 	return 1;
182 }
183 
184 /*
185  * Validate our ROA: check that the prefixes (ipAddrBlocks) are contained.
186  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
187  */
188 int
189 valid_roa(const char *fn, struct cert *cert, struct roa *roa)
190 {
191 	size_t	 i;
192 	char	 buf[64];
193 
194 	for (i = 0; i < roa->ipsz; i++) {
195 		if (ip_addr_check_covered(roa->ips[i].afi, roa->ips[i].min,
196 		    roa->ips[i].max, cert->ips, cert->ipsz) > 0)
197 			continue;
198 
199 		ip_addr_print(&roa->ips[i].addr, roa->ips[i].afi, buf,
200 		    sizeof(buf));
201 		warnx("%s: RFC 6482: uncovered IP: %s", fn, buf);
202 		return 0;
203 	}
204 
205 	return 1;
206 }
207 
208 /*
209  * Validate a file by verifying the SHA256 hash of that file.
210  * The file to check is passed as a file descriptor.
211  * Returns 1 if hash matched, 0 otherwise. Closes fd when done.
212  */
213 int
214 valid_filehash(int fd, const char *hash, size_t hlen)
215 {
216 	SHA256_CTX	ctx;
217 	char		filehash[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
218 	char		buffer[8192];
219 	ssize_t		nr;
220 
221 	if (hlen != sizeof(filehash))
222 		errx(1, "bad hash size");
223 
224 	if (fd == -1)
225 		return 0;
226 
227 	SHA256_Init(&ctx);
228 	while ((nr = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) > 0)
229 		SHA256_Update(&ctx, buffer, nr);
230 	close(fd);
231 	SHA256_Final(filehash, &ctx);
232 
233 	if (memcmp(hash, filehash, sizeof(filehash)) != 0)
234 		return 0;
235 	return 1;
236 }
237 
238 /*
239  * Same as above but with a buffer instead of a fd.
240  */
241 int
242 valid_hash(unsigned char *buf, size_t len, const char *hash, size_t hlen)
243 {
244 	char	filehash[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
245 
246 	if (hlen != sizeof(filehash))
247 		errx(1, "bad hash size");
248 
249 	if (buf == NULL || len == 0)
250 		return 0;
251 
252 	if (!EVP_Digest(buf, len, filehash, NULL, EVP_sha256(), NULL))
253 		errx(1, "EVP_Digest failed");
254 
255 	if (memcmp(hash, filehash, sizeof(filehash)) != 0)
256 		return 0;
257 	return 1;
258 }
259 
260 /*
261  * Validate that a filename only contains characters from the POSIX portable
262  * filename character set [A-Za-z0-9._-], see IEEE Std 1003.1-2013, 3.278.
263  */
264 int
265 valid_filename(const char *fn, size_t len)
266 {
267 	const unsigned char *c;
268 	size_t i;
269 
270 	for (c = fn, i = 0; i < len; i++, c++)
271 		if (!isalnum(*c) && *c != '-' && *c != '_' && *c != '.')
272 			return 0;
273 	return 1;
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Validate a URI to make sure it is pure ASCII and does not point backwards
278  * or doing some other silly tricks. To enforce the protocol pass either
279  * https:// or rsync:// as proto, if NULL is passed no protocol is enforced.
280  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
281  */
282 int
283 valid_uri(const char *uri, size_t usz, const char *proto)
284 {
285 	size_t s;
286 
287 	if (usz > MAX_URI_LENGTH)
288 		return 0;
289 
290 	for (s = 0; s < usz; s++)
291 		if (!isalnum((unsigned char)uri[s]) &&
292 		    !ispunct((unsigned char)uri[s]))
293 			return 0;
294 
295 	if (proto != NULL) {
296 		s = strlen(proto);
297 		if (s >= usz)
298 			return 0;
299 		if (strncasecmp(uri, proto, s) != 0)
300 			return 0;
301 	}
302 
303 	/* do not allow files or directories to start with a '.' */
304 	if (strstr(uri, "/.") != NULL)
305 		return 0;
306 
307 	return 1;
308 }
309 
310 /*
311  * Validate that a URI has the same host as the URI passed in proto.
312  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
313  */
314 int
315 valid_origin(const char *uri, const char *proto)
316 {
317 	const char *to;
318 
319 	/* extract end of host from proto URI */
320 	to = strstr(proto, "://");
321 	if (to == NULL)
322 		return 0;
323 	to += strlen("://");
324 	if ((to = strchr(to, '/')) == NULL)
325 		return 0;
326 
327 	/* compare hosts including the / for the start of the path section */
328 	if (strncasecmp(uri, proto, to - proto + 1) != 0)
329 		return 0;
330 
331 	return 1;
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * Walk the tree of known valid CA certificates until we find a certificate that
336  * doesn't inherit. Build a chain of intermediates and use the non-inheriting
337  * certificate as a trusted root by virtue of X509_V_FLAG_PARTIAL_CHAIN. The
338  * RFC 3779 path validation needs a non-inheriting trust root to ensure that
339  * all delegated resources are covered.
340  */
341 static void
342 build_chain(const struct auth *a, STACK_OF(X509) **intermediates,
343     STACK_OF(X509) **root)
344 {
345 	*intermediates = NULL;
346 	*root = NULL;
347 
348 	if (a == NULL)
349 		return;
350 
351 	if ((*intermediates = sk_X509_new_null()) == NULL)
352 		err(1, "sk_X509_new_null");
353 	if ((*root = sk_X509_new_null()) == NULL)
354 		err(1, "sk_X509_new_null");
355 	for (; a != NULL; a = a->parent) {
356 		assert(a->cert->x509 != NULL);
357 		if (!a->any_inherits) {
358 			if (!sk_X509_push(*root, a->cert->x509))
359 				errx(1, "sk_X509_push");
360 			break;
361 		}
362 		if (!sk_X509_push(*intermediates, a->cert->x509))
363 			errx(1, "sk_X509_push");
364 	}
365 	assert(sk_X509_num(*root) == 1);
366 }
367 
368 /*
369  * Add the CRL based on the certs SKI value.
370  * No need to insert any other CRL since those were already checked.
371  */
372 static void
373 build_crls(const struct crl *crl, STACK_OF(X509_CRL) **crls)
374 {
375 	*crls = NULL;
376 
377 	if (crl == NULL)
378 		return;
379 	if ((*crls = sk_X509_CRL_new_null()) == NULL)
380 		errx(1, "sk_X509_CRL_new_null");
381 	if (!sk_X509_CRL_push(*crls, crl->x509_crl))
382 		err(1, "sk_X509_CRL_push");
383 }
384 
385 /*
386  * Validate the X509 certificate. Returns 1 for valid certificates,
387  * returns 0 if there is a verify error and sets *errstr to the error
388  * returned by X509_verify_cert_error_string().
389  */
390 int
391 valid_x509(char *file, X509_STORE_CTX *store_ctx, X509 *x509, struct auth *a,
392     struct crl *crl, const char **errstr)
393 {
394 	X509_VERIFY_PARAM	*params;
395 	ASN1_OBJECT		*cp_oid;
396 	STACK_OF(X509)		*intermediates, *root;
397 	STACK_OF(X509_CRL)	*crls = NULL;
398 	unsigned long		 flags;
399 	int			 error;
400 
401 	*errstr = NULL;
402 	build_chain(a, &intermediates, &root);
403 	build_crls(crl, &crls);
404 
405 	assert(store_ctx != NULL);
406 	assert(x509 != NULL);
407 	if (!X509_STORE_CTX_init(store_ctx, NULL, x509, NULL))
408 		cryptoerrx("X509_STORE_CTX_init");
409 
410 	if ((params = X509_STORE_CTX_get0_param(store_ctx)) == NULL)
411 		cryptoerrx("X509_STORE_CTX_get0_param");
412 	if ((cp_oid = OBJ_dup(certpol_oid)) == NULL)
413 		cryptoerrx("OBJ_dup");
414 	if (!X509_VERIFY_PARAM_add0_policy(params, cp_oid))
415 		cryptoerrx("X509_VERIFY_PARAM_add0_policy");
416 	X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_time(params, evaluation_time);
417 
418 	flags = X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK;
419 	flags |= X509_V_FLAG_PARTIAL_CHAIN;
420 	flags |= X509_V_FLAG_POLICY_CHECK;
421 	flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXPLICIT_POLICY;
422 	flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_MAP;
423 	X509_STORE_CTX_set_flags(store_ctx, flags);
424 	X509_STORE_CTX_set_depth(store_ctx, MAX_CERT_DEPTH);
425 	/*
426 	 * See the comment above build_chain() for details on what's happening
427 	 * here. The nomenclature in this API is dubious and poorly documented.
428 	 */
429 	X509_STORE_CTX_set0_untrusted(store_ctx, intermediates);
430 	X509_STORE_CTX_set0_trusted_stack(store_ctx, root);
431 	X509_STORE_CTX_set0_crls(store_ctx, crls);
432 
433 	if (X509_verify_cert(store_ctx) <= 0) {
434 		error = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(store_ctx);
435 		*errstr = X509_verify_cert_error_string(error);
436 		X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup(store_ctx);
437 		sk_X509_free(intermediates);
438 		sk_X509_free(root);
439 		sk_X509_CRL_free(crls);
440 		return 0;
441 	}
442 
443 	X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup(store_ctx);
444 	sk_X509_free(intermediates);
445 	sk_X509_free(root);
446 	sk_X509_CRL_free(crls);
447 	return 1;
448 }
449 
450 /*
451  * Validate our RSC: check that all items in the ResourceBlock are contained.
452  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
453  */
454 int
455 valid_rsc(const char *fn, struct cert *cert, struct rsc *rsc)
456 {
457 	size_t		i;
458 	uint32_t	min, max;
459 	char		buf1[64], buf2[64];
460 
461 	for (i = 0; i < rsc->asz; i++) {
462 		min = rsc->as[i].type == CERT_AS_RANGE ? rsc->as[i].range.min
463 		    : rsc->as[i].id;
464 		max = rsc->as[i].type == CERT_AS_RANGE ? rsc->as[i].range.max
465 		    : rsc->as[i].id;
466 
467 		if (as_check_covered(min, max, cert->as, cert->asz) > 0)
468 			continue;
469 
470 		switch (rsc->as[i].type) {
471 		case CERT_AS_ID:
472 			warnx("%s: RSC resourceBlock: uncovered AS Identifier: "
473 			    "%u", fn, rsc->as[i].id);
474 			break;
475 		case CERT_AS_RANGE:
476 			warnx("%s: RSC resourceBlock: uncovered AS Range: "
477 			    "%u--%u", fn, min, max);
478 			break;
479 		default:
480 			break;
481 		}
482 		return 0;
483 	}
484 
485 	for (i = 0; i < rsc->ipsz; i++) {
486 		if (ip_addr_check_covered(rsc->ips[i].afi, rsc->ips[i].min,
487 		    rsc->ips[i].max, cert->ips, cert->ipsz) > 0)
488 			continue;
489 
490 		switch (rsc->ips[i].type) {
491 		case CERT_IP_RANGE:
492 			ip_addr_print(&rsc->ips[i].range.min,
493 			    rsc->ips[i].afi, buf1, sizeof(buf1));
494 			ip_addr_print(&rsc->ips[i].range.max,
495 			    rsc->ips[i].afi, buf2, sizeof(buf2));
496 			warnx("%s: RSC ResourceBlock: uncovered IP Range: "
497 			    "%s--%s", fn, buf1, buf2);
498 			break;
499 		case CERT_IP_ADDR:
500 			ip_addr_print(&rsc->ips[i].ip,
501 			    rsc->ips[i].afi, buf1, sizeof(buf1));
502 			warnx("%s: RSC ResourceBlock: uncovered IP: "
503 			    "%s", fn, buf1);
504 			break;
505 		default:
506 			break;
507 		}
508 		return 0;
509 	}
510 
511 	return 1;
512 }
513 
514 int
515 valid_econtent_version(const char *fn, const ASN1_INTEGER *aint)
516 {
517 	long version;
518 
519 	if (aint == NULL)
520 		return 1;
521 
522 	if ((version = ASN1_INTEGER_get(aint)) < 0) {
523 		warnx("%s: ASN1_INTEGER_get failed", fn);
524 		return 0;
525 	}
526 
527 	switch (version) {
528 	case 0:
529 		warnx("%s: incorrect encoding for version 0", fn);
530 		return 0;
531 	default:
532 		warnx("%s: version %ld not supported (yet)", fn, version);
533 		return 0;
534 	}
535 }
536 
537 /*
538  * Validate the ASPA: check that the customerASID is contained.
539  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
540  */
541 int
542 valid_aspa(const char *fn, struct cert *cert, struct aspa *aspa)
543 {
544 
545 	if (as_check_covered(aspa->custasid, aspa->custasid,
546 	    cert->as, cert->asz) > 0)
547 		return 1;
548 
549 	warnx("%s: ASPA: uncovered Customer ASID: %u", fn, aspa->custasid);
550 
551 	return 0;
552 }
553 
554 /*
555  * Validate Geofeed prefixes: check that the prefixes are contained.
556  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
557  */
558 int
559 valid_geofeed(const char *fn, struct cert *cert, struct geofeed *g)
560 {
561 	size_t	 i;
562 	char	 buf[64];
563 
564 	for (i = 0; i < g->geoipsz; i++) {
565 		if (ip_addr_check_covered(g->geoips[i].ip->afi,
566 		    g->geoips[i].ip->min, g->geoips[i].ip->max, cert->ips,
567 		    cert->ipsz) > 0)
568 			continue;
569 
570 		ip_addr_print(&g->geoips[i].ip->ip, g->geoips[i].ip->afi, buf,
571 		    sizeof(buf));
572 		warnx("%s: Geofeed: uncovered IP: %s", fn, buf);
573 		return 0;
574 	}
575 
576 	return 1;
577 }
578 
579 /*
580  * Validate whether a given string is a valid UUID.
581  * Returns 1 if valid, 0 otherwise.
582  */
583 int
584 valid_uuid(const char *s)
585 {
586 	int n = 0;
587 
588 	while (1) {
589 		switch (n) {
590 		case 8:
591 		case 13:
592 		case 18:
593 		case 23:
594 			if (s[n] != '-')
595 				return 0;
596 			break;
597 		/* Check UUID is version 4 */
598 		case 14:
599 			if (s[n] != '4')
600 				return 0;
601 			break;
602 		/* Check UUID variant is 1 */
603 		case 19:
604 			if (s[n] != '8' && s[n] != '9' && s[n] != 'a' &&
605 			    s[n] != 'A' && s[n] != 'b' && s[n] != 'B')
606 				return 0;
607 			break;
608 		case 36:
609 			return s[n] == '\0';
610 		default:
611 			if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)s[n]))
612 				return 0;
613 			break;
614 		}
615 		n++;
616 	}
617 }
618 
619 int
620 valid_ca_pkey(const char *fn, EVP_PKEY *pkey)
621 {
622 	RSA		*rsa;
623 	const BIGNUM	*rsa_e;
624 	int		 key_bits;
625 
626 	if (pkey == NULL) {
627 		warnx("%s: failure, pkey is NULL", fn);
628 		return 0;
629 	}
630 
631 	if (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pkey) != EVP_PKEY_RSA) {
632 		warnx("%s: Expected EVP_PKEY_RSA, got %d", fn,
633 		    EVP_PKEY_base_id(pkey));
634 		return 0;
635 	}
636 
637 	if ((key_bits = EVP_PKEY_bits(pkey)) != 2048) {
638 		warnx("%s: RFC 7935: expected 2048-bit modulus, got %d bits",
639 		    fn, key_bits);
640 		return 0;
641 	}
642 
643 	if ((rsa = EVP_PKEY_get0_RSA(pkey)) == NULL) {
644 		warnx("%s: failed to extract RSA public key", fn);
645 		return 0;
646 	}
647 
648 	if ((rsa_e = RSA_get0_e(rsa)) == NULL) {
649 		warnx("%s: failed to get RSA exponent", fn);
650 		return 0;
651 	}
652 
653 	if (!BN_is_word(rsa_e, 65537)) {
654 		warnx("%s: incorrect exponent (e) in RSA public key", fn);
655 		return 0;
656 	}
657 
658 	return 1;
659 }
660