1.\" $OpenBSD: intro.4,v 1.46 2022/03/31 17:27:21 naddy Exp $ 2.\" $NetBSD: intro.4,v 1.10 2003/05/06 07:44:54 wiz Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 2001 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 5.\" All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation 8.\" by Gregory McGarry. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 20.\" `AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 21.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 22.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 23.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 24.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 25.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 26.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 27.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 28.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 29.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1986, 1991 Regents of the University of California. 32.\" All rights reserved. 33.\" 34.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 35.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 36.\" are met: 37.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 38.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 39.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 40.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 41.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 42.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 43.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 44.\" without specific prior written permission. 45.\" 46.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 47.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 48.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 49.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 50.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 51.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 52.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 53.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 54.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 55.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 56.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 57.\" 58.Dd $Mdocdate: March 31 2022 $ 59.Dt INTRO 4 alpha 60.Os 61.Sh NAME 62.Nm intro 63.Nd introduction to special files and hardware support 64.Sh DESCRIPTION 65The manual pages in section 4 describe the special files, 66related driver functions, and networking support 67available in the system. 68In this part of the manual, the SYNOPSIS section of 69each configurable device gives a sample specification 70for use in constructing a system description for the 71.Xr config 8 72program. 73The DIAGNOSTICS section lists messages which may appear on the console 74and/or in the system error log 75.Pa /var/log/messages 76due to errors in device operation; 77see 78.Xr syslogd 8 79for more information. 80.Pp 81This section contains both devices 82which may be configured into the system 83and network related information. 84The networking support is introduced in 85.Xr netintro 4 . 86.Sh DEVICE SUPPORT 87This section describes the hardware supported on the 88Alpha 89platform. 90Software support for these devices comes in two forms. 91A hardware device may be supported with a character or block 92.Em device driver , 93or it may be used within the networking subsystem and have a 94.Em network interface driver . 95Block and character devices are accessed through files in the file 96system of a special type; see 97.Xr mknod 8 . 98Network interfaces are indirectly accessed through the interprocess 99communication facilities provided by the system; see 100.Xr socket 2 . 101.Pp 102A hardware device is identified to the system at configuration time 103and the appropriate device or network interface driver is then compiled 104into the system. 105When the resultant system is booted, the autoconfiguration facilities in 106the system probe for the device and, if found, enable the software support 107for it. 108If a device does not respond at autoconfiguration 109time, it is not accessible at any time afterwards. 110To enable a device which did not autoconfigure, 111the system will have to be rebooted. 112.Pp 113The autoconfiguration system is described in 114.Xr autoconf 4 . 115A list of the supported hardware and devices is given below. 116.Sh SUPPORTED SYSTEMS 117.Tn DEC 118and 119.Tn Compaq 120have produced a series of the 121.Tn Alpha 122.Tn CPU , 123some of which are listed below, along with some systems which contain them. 124.Pp 125.Qq EV 126stands for 127.Qq Extended VAX 128.Po 129or 130.Qq Electro Vlassic 131.Pc 132and the number following is a reference to the 133.Tn CMOS 134process used to make the chips. 135.Qq LCA 136stands for Low Cost Alpha, and 137.Qq PCA 138stands for PC-architecture Alpha. 139.Bl -hang -width 9n 140.It 21064 141.Sy EV4 142.Po 143100-200 144.Tn MHz , 1450.75 micron 146.Pc 147.Pp 148AlphaPC 64 149.Pq EB64 150.Bl -hang -width 4n 151.It Avanti family 152.br 153Digital's lower-end PCI-based workstations. 154.Pp 155AlphaStation 200 4/100-166 156.Pq Mustang 157.br 158AlphaStation 400 4/166 159.Pq Chinet 160.It Pelican family 161.br 162Low-end 163.Tn TURBOchannel 164based workstations. 165.Pp 166DEC 3000/300 167.Pq 150 Tn MHz 168.Pq Pelican 169.br 170DEC 3000/300X 171.Pq 175 Tn MHz 172.Pq Pelican+ 173.br 174DEC 3000/300L 175.Pq 100 Tn MHz 176.Pq Pelica 177.br 178DEC 3000/300LX 179.Pq 125 Tn MHz 180.Pq Pelica+ 181.It Sandpiper family 182.br 183High-end 184.Tn TURBOchannel 185based workstations. 186.Pp 187DEC 3000/400 188.Pq 133 Tn MHz 189.Pq Sandpiper 190.br 191DEC 3000/600 192.Pq 175 Tn MHz 193.Pq Sandpiper+ 194.It Flamingo family 195.br 196High-end 197.Tn TURBOchannel 198based workstations. 199.Pp 200DEC 3000/500 201.Pq 150 Tn MHz 202.Pq Flamingo 203.br 204DEC 3000/500X 205.Pq 200 Tn MHz 206.Pq Hot Pink 207.br 208DEC 3000/800 209.Pq 200 Tn MHz 210.Pq Flamingo II 211.El 212.It 21064-A 213.Sy EV45 214.Po 215225-333 216.Tn MHz , 2170.50 micron 218.Pc 219.Pp 220DEC 3000/700 221.Pq 225 Tn MHz 222.Pq Sandpiper45 223.br 224DEC 3000/900 225.Pq 275 Tn MHz 226.Pq Flamingo45 227.Bl -hang -width 4n 228.It Avanti family 229.br 230Digital's lower-end PCI-based workstations. 231.Pp 232AlphaStation 200 4/233 233.Pq Mustang+ 234.br 235AlphaStation 205 4/133-333 236.Pq LX3 237.br 238AlphaStation 250 4/300 239.Pq M3+ 240.br 241AlphaStation 255 4/133-333 242.Pq LX3+ 243.br 244AlphaStation 300 4/266 245.Pq Melmac 246.br 247AlphaStation 400 4/233-300 248.Pq Avanti 249.El 250.It 21066 251.Sy LCA4 252.Po 253166-233 254.Tn MHz , 2550.75 micron 256.Pc 257.Bl -hang -width 4n 258.It NoName family 259.br 260Digital's lowest-end family of PCI-based systems. 261.Pp 262DEC AXPpci33 263.Pq NoName 264.br 265Universal Desktop Box AXPpci166MT 266.Pq UDB/Multia 267.El 268.Pp 26921066 evaluation motherboard 270.Pq EB66 271.It 21066-A 272.Sy LCA45 273.Po 274233 275.Tn MHz , 2760.50 micron 277.Pc 278.Pp 27921066-A evaluation motherboard 280.Pq EB66+ 281.It 21068 282.Sy LCA4s 283.Po 28466-233 285.Tn MHz , 2860.75 micron 287.Pc 288.Pp 289Universal Desktop Box AXPpci233MT 290.Pq UDB/Multia 291.It 21164 292.Sy EV5 293.Po 294250-366 295.Tn MHz , 2960.50 micron 297.Pc 298.Bl -hang -width 4n 299.It Mikasa family 300.br 301AlphaServer 1000 5/300 302.Pq Pinnacle 303.It Noritake family 304.br 305AlphaServer 1000A 5/300 306.Pq Pinnacle 307.Pp 30821164 evaluation motherboard 309.Pq EB164 310.El 311.It 21164-A 312.Sy EV56 313.Po 314400-766 315.Tn MHz , 3160.35 micron, BWX 317.Pc 318.Bl -hang -width 4n 319.It Personal Workstation Pq PWS 320.br 321PWS 433a/433au 322.Pq Miata 323.br 324PWS 500a/500au 325.Pq Miata 326.br 327PWS 600a/600au 328.Pq Miata 329.It Mikasa family 330.br 331AlphaServer 1000 5/333-500 332.Pq Primo 333.It Noritake family 334.br 335AlphaServer 1000A 5/333-500 336.Pq Primo 337.br 338AlphaServer 800 5/333-500 339.Pq Corelle 340.It EB164 family 341.br 342AlphaPC 164 motherboard 343.Pq EB164 344.br 345AlphaPC 164LX motherboard 346.Pq EB164 347.El 348.Pp 349DigitalServer 3300 350.Po 351rebadged AlphaServer 800 for NT 352.Pc 353.It 21164-PC 354.Sy PCA56 355.Po 356400-600 357.Tn MHz , 3580.35 micron, MVI, no L2 cache 359.Pc 360.Pp 361AlphaPC 164SX motherboard 362.Pq EB164 363.Pp 364PWS 466au 365.Pq Miata 366.br 367PWS 550au 368.Pq Miata 369.It 21264 370.Sy EV6 371.Po 372450-600 373.Tn MHz , 3740.35 micron 375.Pc 376.Pp 377APi UP1000 and UP1100; 378AMD 751-based EV6 systems. 379.Pp 380264DP, XP1000, DS10, DS20 381Tsunami-based systems. 382.It 21264-A 383.Sy EV67 384.Po 385600-833 386.Tn MHz , 3870.28 micron 388.Pc 389.El 390.Sh LIST OF DEVICES 391A complete list of available devices is contained within the pages 392describing the system buses and controllers. 393For example, a PCI device would be listed in the 394.Xr pci 4 395man page. 396The following buses and controllers list these devices: 397.Pp 398.Bl -tag -width "cardbus(4)XX" -offset 3n -compact 399.It Xr eisa 4 400introduction to EISA bus support 401.It Xr iic 4 402Inter IC (I2C) bus 403.It Xr isa 4 404introduction to ISA bus support 405.It Xr onewire 4 4061-Wire bus 407.It Xr pci 4 408introduction to PCI bus support 409.It Xr usb 4 410introduction to Universal Serial Bus support 411.El 412.Sh SEE ALSO 413.Xr autoconf 4 , 414.Xr config 8 415.Sh HISTORY 416The 417Alpha 418.Nm intro 419first appeared in 420.Ox 2.3 . 421