1.\" $OpenBSD: iwx.4,v 1.19 2023/10/14 06:29:11 jmc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2020 Stefan Sperling <stsp@openbsd.org> 4.\" 5.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 6.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8.\" 9.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 10.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 11.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 12.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 13.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 14.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 15.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16.\" 17.Dd $Mdocdate: October 14 2023 $ 18.Dt IWX 4 19.Os 20.Sh NAME 21.Nm iwx 22.Nd Intel AX200/AX201/AX210/AX211 IEEE 802.11a/ac/ax/b/g/n wireless network device 23.Sh SYNOPSIS 24.Cd "iwx* at pci?" 25.Sh DESCRIPTION 26The 27.Nm 28driver provides support for Intel Wireless AX200/AX210 M.2 network adapters, 29and for Intel Wireless AX201/AX211 Integrated Connectivity (CNVi) network 30adapters with companion RF M.2 modules. 31.Pp 32These are the modes the 33.Nm 34driver can operate in: 35.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 36.It BSS mode 37Also known as 38.Em infrastructure 39mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 40which all traffic passes. 41This mode is the default. 42.It monitor mode 43In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 44associating with an access point. 45This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 46capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 47or to scan for access points. 48.El 49.Pp 50The 51.Nm 52driver can be configured to use 53Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 54Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA1 and WPA2). 55WPA2 is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. 56It is strongly recommended that neither WEP nor WPA1 57are used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication, 58due to serious weaknesses. 59WPA1 is disabled by default and may be enabled using the option 60.Qq Cm wpaprotos Ar wpa1,wpa2 . 61For standard WPA networks which use pre-shared keys (PSK), 62keys are configured using the 63.Qq Cm wpakey 64option. 65WPA-Enterprise networks require use of the wpa_supplicant package. 66The 67.Nm 68driver offloads both encryption and decryption of unicast data frames to the 69hardware for the CCMP cipher. 70.Pp 71In BSS mode the driver supports background scanning; 72see 73.Xr ifconfig 8 . 74.Pp 75The 76.Nm 77driver can be configured at runtime with 78.Xr ifconfig 8 79or on boot with 80.Xr hostname.if 5 . 81.Sh FILES 82The driver needs one of the following firmware files, 83which are loaded when an interface is brought up: 84.Pp 85.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 86.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-cc-a0-77 87.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-Qu-b0-hr-b0-77 88.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-Qu-b0-jf-b0-77 89.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-Qu-c0-hr-b0-77 90.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-Qu-c0-jf-b0-77 91.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-QuZ-a0-hr-b0-77 92.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-QuZ-a0-jf-b0-77 93.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-so-a0-gf-a0-77 94.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-so-a0-gf4-a0-77 95.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-so-a0-hr-b0-77 96.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-so-a0-jf-b0-77 97.It Pa /etc/firmware/iwx-ty-a0-gf-a0-77 98.El 99.Pp 100These firmware files are not free because Intel refuses to grant 101distribution rights without contractual obligations. 102As a result, even though 103.Ox 104includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and 105users have to download these files on their own. 106.Pp 107A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using 108.Xr fw_update 8 . 109.Sh EXAMPLES 110The following example scans for available networks: 111.Pp 112.Dl # ifconfig iwx0 scan 113.Pp 114The following 115.Xr hostname.if 5 116example configures iwx0 to join network 117.Dq mynwid , 118using WPA key 119.Dq mywpakey , 120obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 121.Bd -literal -offset indent 122join mynwid wpakey mywpakey 123inet autoconf 124.Ed 125.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 126.Bl -diag 127.It "iwx0: device timeout" 128A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. 129The driver will reset the hardware. 130This should not happen. 131.It "iwx0: fatal firmware error" 132For some reason, the firmware crashed. 133The driver will reset the hardware. 134This should not happen. 135.It "iwx0: radio is disabled by hardware switch" 136The radio transmitter is off and thus no packet can go out. 137The driver will reset the hardware. 138Make sure the laptop radio switch is on. 139.It "iwx0: could not read firmware ... (error N)" 140For some reason, the driver was unable to read the firmware image from the 141filesystem. 142The file might be missing or corrupted. 143.It "iwx0: firmware too short: N bytes" 144The firmware image is corrupted and can't be loaded into the adapter. 145.It "iwx0: could not load firmware" 146An attempt to load the firmware into the adapter failed. 147The driver will reset the hardware. 148.El 149.Sh SEE ALSO 150.Xr arp 4 , 151.Xr ifmedia 4 , 152.Xr intro 4 , 153.Xr netintro 4 , 154.Xr pci 4 , 155.Xr hostname.if 5 , 156.Xr ifconfig 8 157.Sh HISTORY 158The 159.Nm 160device driver first appeared in 161.Ox 6.7 . 162.Sh CAVEATS 163The 164.Nm 165driver does not support any of the 802.11ax capabilities offered 166by the adapters. 167Additional work is required in 168.Xr ieee80211 9 169before those features can be supported. 170.Pp 171This driver does not support powersave mode. 172