1.\" $OpenBSD: an.4,v 1.46 2021/10/24 12:32:42 kn Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 1999 4.\" Bill Paul <wpaul@ee.columbia.edu>. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by Bill Paul. 17.\" 4. Neither the name of the author nor the names of any co-contributors 18.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19.\" without specific prior written permission. 20.\" 21.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Bill Paul AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Bill Paul OR THE VOICES IN HIS HEAD 25.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 26.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 27.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 28.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 29.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 30.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF 31.\" THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 32.\" 33.\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man4/an.4,v 1.5 2000/03/02 14:53:45 sheldonh Exp $ 34.\" 35.Dd $Mdocdate: October 24 2021 $ 36.Dt AN 4 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm an 40.Nd Aironet Communications 4500/4800 IEEE 802.11FH/b wireless network device 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Cd "an* at pcmcia?" 43.Cd "an* at pci?" 44.Cd "an* at isapnp?" 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46The 47.Nm 48driver provides support for the Aironet Communications 4500, 4800 49(aka Cisco 340), and Cisco 350 50IEEE 802.11 wireless network adapters. 51This includes the ISA, PCI, and PCMCIA varieties. 52The 4500 series adapters operate at 1 and 2Mbps (FH) while 53the 4800 and 350 series can operate at 1, 2, 5.5, and 11Mbps (DS). 54The ISA, PCI, 55and PCMCIA devices are all based on the same core PCMCIA modules 56and all have the same programming interface. 57However, unlike the 58Lucent WaveLAN/IEEE cards, the ISA and PCI cards appear to the 59host as normal ISA and PCI devices and do not require any PCMCIA 60support. 61.Pp 62ISA cards can either be configured to use ISA Plug and Play 63or to use a particular I/O address and IRQ 64by properly setting the DIP switches on the board. 65(The default switch setting is for plug and play.) 66The 67.Nm 68driver has Plug and Play support and will work in either configuration, 69however when using a hard-wired I/O address and IRQ, the driver 70configuration and the NIC's switch settings must agree. 71PCI cards 72require no switch settings of any kind and will be automatically 73probed and attached. 74.Pp 75All host/device interaction with the Aironet cards is via programmed I/O. 76The 77.Nm 78driver encapsulates all IP and ARP traffic as 802.11 frames, though 79it can receive either 802.11 or 802.3 frames. 80.Pp 81These are the modes the 82.Nm 83driver can operate in: 84.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 85.It BSS mode 86Also known as 87.Em infrastructure 88mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 89which all traffic passes. 90This mode is the default. 91.It IBSS mode 92Also known as 93.Em IEEE ad-hoc 94mode or 95.Em peer-to-peer 96mode. 97This is the standardized method of operating without an access point. 98Stations associate with a service set. 99However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer. 100.It monitor mode 101In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 102associating with an access point. 103This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 104capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 105or to scan for access points. 106.El 107.Pp 108The 109.Nm 110driver can be configured to use hardware 111Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP). 112It is strongly recommended that WEP 113not be used as the sole mechanism 114to secure wireless communication, 115due to serious weaknesses in it. 116.Pp 117In BSS mode, 118the driver supports powersave mode, 119which can be enabled via 120.Xr ifconfig 8 . 121.Pp 122The 123.Nm 124driver can be configured at runtime with 125.Xr ifconfig 8 126or on boot with 127.Xr hostname.if 5 . 128.Sh EXAMPLES 129The following 130.Xr hostname.if 5 131example configures an0 to join network 132.Dq mynwid , 133using WEP key 134.Dq mywepkey , 135obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 136.Bd -literal -offset indent 137join mynwid nwkey mywepkey 138inet autoconf 139.Ed 140.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 141.Bl -diag 142.It "an0: failed to allocate N bytes on NIC" 143The driver was unable to allocate memory for transmit frames in the 144NIC's on-board RAM. 145.It "an0: device timeout" 146The Aironet card failed to generate an interrupt to acknowledge a transmit 147command. 148.El 149.Sh SEE ALSO 150.Xr arp 4 , 151.Xr ifmedia 4 , 152.Xr intro 4 , 153.Xr isapnp 4 , 154.Xr netintro 4 , 155.Xr pci 4 , 156.Xr pcmcia 4 , 157.Xr hostname.if 5 , 158.Xr ifconfig 8 159.Sh HISTORY 160The 161.Nm 162device driver first appeared in 163.Fx 4.0 . 164.Ox 165support was added in 166.Ox 2.7 . 167A version of the driver based on the one in 168.Nx 169was added in 170.Ox 3.9 . 171.Sh AUTHORS 172.An -nosplit 173The 174.Nm 175driver was written by 176.An Bill Paul Aq Mt wpaul@ee.columbia.edu 177and ported to 178.Ox 179by 180.An Michael Shalayeff Aq Mt mickey@openbsd.org . 181Later the 182.Nx 183version of the driver by 184.An Atsushi Onoe 185was subsequently ported to 186.Ox 187by 188.An Jonathan Gray Aq Mt jsg@openbsd.org . 189.Sh CAVEATS 190Scanning for access points is not currently supported. 191