1\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- 2@c %**start of header 3@setfilename gccint.info 4@c INTERNALS is used by md.texi to determine whether to include the 5@c whole of that file, in the internals manual, or only the part 6@c dealing with constraints, in the user manual. 7@set INTERNALS 8 9@c See miscellaneous notes in gcc.texi on checks/things to do. 10 11@include gcc-common.texi 12 13@settitle GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Internals 14 15@c Create a separate index for command line options. 16@defcodeindex op 17@c Merge the standard indexes into a single one. 18@syncodeindex fn cp 19@syncodeindex vr cp 20@syncodeindex ky cp 21@syncodeindex pg cp 22@syncodeindex tp cp 23 24@c %**end of header 25 26@c Use with @@smallbook. 27 28@c Cause even numbered pages to be printed on the left hand side of 29@c the page and odd numbered pages to be printed on the right hand 30@c side of the page. Using this, you can print on both sides of a 31@c sheet of paper and have the text on the same part of the sheet. 32 33@c The text on right hand pages is pushed towards the right hand 34@c margin and the text on left hand pages is pushed toward the left 35@c hand margin. 36@c (To provide the reverse effect, set bindingoffset to -0.75in.) 37 38@c @tex 39@c \global\bindingoffset=0.75in 40@c \global\normaloffset =0.75in 41@c @end tex 42 43@c Change the font used for @def... commands, since the default 44@c proportional one used is bad for names starting __. 45@tex 46\global\setfont\defbf\ttbshape{10}{\magstep1} 47@end tex 48 49@copying 50Copyright @copyright{} 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 511999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 52 53Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 54under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or 55any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the 56Invariant Sections being ``GNU General Public License'' and ``Funding 57Free Software'', the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and with 58the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license is 59included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. 60 61(a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: 62 63 A GNU Manual 64 65(b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: 66 67 You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU 68 software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise 69 funds for GNU development. 70@end copying 71@ifnottex 72@dircategory Programming 73@direntry 74* gccint: (gccint). Internals of the GNU Compiler Collection. 75@end direntry 76This file documents the internals of the GNU compilers. 77@sp 1 78Published by the Free Software Foundation@* 7959 Temple Place - Suite 330@* 80Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA 81@sp 1 82@insertcopying 83@end ifnottex 84 85@setchapternewpage odd 86@titlepage 87@center @titlefont{GNU Compiler Collection Internals} 88@sp 2 89@center Richard M. Stallman 90@sp 3 91@center Last updated 28 December 2002 92@sp 1 93 94@center for GCC @value{version-GCC} 95@page 96@vskip 0pt plus 1filll 97For GCC Version @value{version-GCC}@* 98@sp 1 99Published by the Free Software Foundation @* 10059 Temple Place---Suite 330@* 101Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA@* 102Last printed April, 1998.@* 103Printed copies are available for $50 each.@* 104@c Update this ISBN when printing a new edition. 105@ifset FSFPRINT 106ISBN 1-882114-37-X 107@end ifset 108@sp 1 109@insertcopying 110@end titlepage 111@summarycontents 112@contents 113@page 114 115@node Top, Contributing,, (DIR) 116@top Introduction 117@cindex introduction 118 119This manual documents the internals of the GNU compilers, including 120how to port them to new targets and some information about how to 121write front ends for new languages. It corresponds to GCC version 122@value{version-GCC}. The use of the GNU compilers is documented in a 123separate manual. @xref{Top,, Introduction, gcc, Using the GNU 124Compiler Collection (GCC)}. 125 126This manual is mainly a reference manual rather than a tutorial. It 127discusses how to contribute to GCC (@pxref{Contributing}), the 128characteristics of the machines supported by GCC as hosts and targets 129(@pxref{Portability}), how GCC relates to the ABIs on such systems 130(@pxref{Interface}), and the characteristics of the languages for 131which GCC front ends are written (@pxref{Languages}). It then 132describes the GCC source tree structure and build system, some of the 133interfaces to GCC front ends, and how support for a target system is 134implemented in GCC@. 135 136Additional tutorial information is linked to from 137@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/readings.html}. 138 139@menu 140* Contributing:: How to contribute to testing and developing GCC. 141* Portability:: Goals of GCC's portability features. 142* Interface:: Function-call interface of GCC output. 143* Languages:: Languages for which GCC front ends are written. 144* Source Tree:: GCC source tree structure and build system. 145* Passes:: Order of passes, what they do, and what each file is for. 146* Trees:: The source representation used by the C and C++ front ends. 147* RTL:: The intermediate representation that most passes work on. 148* Machine Desc:: How to write machine description instruction patterns. 149* Target Macros:: How to write the machine description C macros and functions. 150* Host Config:: Writing the @file{xm-@var{machine}.h} file. 151* Fragments:: Writing the @file{t-@var{target}} and @file{x-@var{host}} files. 152* Collect2:: How @code{collect2} works; how it finds @code{ld}. 153* Header Dirs:: Understanding the standard header file directories. 154* Type Information:: GCC's memory management; generating type information. 155 156* Funding:: How to help assure funding for free software. 157* GNU Project:: The GNU Project and GNU/Linux. 158 159* Copying:: GNU General Public License says 160 how you can copy and share GCC. 161* GNU Free Documentation License:: How you can copy and share this manual. 162* Contributors:: People who have contributed to GCC. 163 164* Option Index:: Index to command line options. 165* Index:: Index of concepts and symbol names. 166@end menu 167 168@include contribute.texi 169@include portability.texi 170@include interface.texi 171@include languages.texi 172@include sourcebuild.texi 173@include passes.texi 174@include c-tree.texi 175@include rtl.texi 176@include md.texi 177@include tm.texi 178@include hostconfig.texi 179@include fragments.texi 180@include collect2.texi 181@include headerdirs.texi 182@include gty.texi 183 184@include funding.texi 185@include gnu.texi 186@include gpl.texi 187 188@c --------------------------------------------------------------------- 189@c GFDL 190@c --------------------------------------------------------------------- 191 192@include fdl.texi 193 194@include contrib.texi 195 196@c --------------------------------------------------------------------- 197@c Indexes 198@c --------------------------------------------------------------------- 199 200@node Option Index 201@unnumbered Option Index 202 203GCC's command line options are indexed here without any initial @samp{-} 204or @samp{--}. Where an option has both positive and negative forms 205(such as @option{-f@var{option}} and @option{-fno-@var{option}}), 206relevant entries in the manual are indexed under the most appropriate 207form; it may sometimes be useful to look up both forms. 208 209@printindex op 210 211@node Index 212@unnumbered Index 213 214@printindex cp 215 216@c --------------------------------------------------------------------- 217@c Epilogue 218@c --------------------------------------------------------------------- 219 220@bye 221