1This is doc/gccinstall.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.8 from 2/scratch/mitchell/gcc-releases/gcc-4.2.1/gcc-4.2.1/gcc/doc/install.texi. 3 4 Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 51999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software 6Foundation, Inc. 7 8 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 9under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or 10any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no 11Invariant Sections, the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and 12with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license 13is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". 14 15 (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: 16 17 A GNU Manual 18 19 (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: 20 21 You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU 22software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise 23funds for GNU development. 24 25 Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 261999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software 27Foundation, Inc. 28 29 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 30under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or 31any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no 32Invariant Sections, the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and 33with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license 34is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". 35 36 (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: 37 38 A GNU Manual 39 40 (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: 41 42 You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU 43software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise 44funds for GNU development. 45 46INFO-DIR-SECTION Software development 47START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY 48* gccinstall: (gccinstall). Installing the GNU Compiler Collection. 49END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY 50 51 52File: gccinstall.info, Node: Top, Up: (dir) 53 54* Menu: 55 56* Installing GCC:: This document describes the generic installation 57 procedure for GCC as well as detailing some target 58 specific installation instructions. 59 60* Specific:: Host/target specific installation notes for GCC. 61* Binaries:: Where to get pre-compiled binaries. 62 63* Old:: Old installation documentation. 64 65* GNU Free Documentation License:: How you can copy and share this manual. 66* Concept Index:: This index has two entries. 67 68 69File: gccinstall.info, Node: Installing GCC, Next: Binaries, Up: Top 70 711 Installing GCC 72**************** 73 74 The latest version of this document is always available at 75http://gcc.gnu.org/install/. 76 77 This document describes the generic installation procedure for GCC 78as well as detailing some target specific installation instructions. 79 80 GCC includes several components that previously were separate 81distributions with their own installation instructions. This document 82supersedes all package specific installation instructions. 83 84 _Before_ starting the build/install procedure please check the *Note 85host/target specific installation notes: Specific. We recommend you 86browse the entire generic installation instructions before you proceed. 87 88 Lists of successful builds for released versions of GCC are 89available at `http://gcc.gnu.org/buildstat.html'. These lists are 90updated as new information becomes available. 91 92 The installation procedure itself is broken into five steps. 93 94* Menu: 95 96* Prerequisites:: 97* Downloading the source:: 98* Configuration:: 99* Building:: 100* Testing:: (optional) 101* Final install:: 102 103 Please note that GCC does not support `make uninstall' and probably 104won't do so in the near future as this would open a can of worms. 105Instead, we suggest that you install GCC into a directory of its own 106and simply remove that directory when you do not need that specific 107version of GCC any longer, and, if shared libraries are installed there 108as well, no more binaries exist that use them. 109 110 111File: gccinstall.info, Node: Prerequisites, Next: Downloading the source, Up: Installing GCC 112 1132 Prerequisites 114*************** 115 116 GCC requires that various tools and packages be available for use in 117the build procedure. Modifying GCC sources requires additional tools 118described below. 119 120Tools/packages necessary for building GCC 121========================================= 122 123ISO C90 compiler 124 Necessary to bootstrap GCC, although versions of GCC prior to 3.4 125 also allow bootstrapping with a traditional (K&R) C compiler. 126 127 To build all languages in a cross-compiler or other configuration 128 where 3-stage bootstrap is not performed, you need to start with 129 an existing GCC binary (version 2.95 or later) because source code 130 for language frontends other than C might use GCC extensions. 131 132GNAT 133 In order to build the Ada compiler (GNAT) you must already have 134 GNAT installed because portions of the Ada frontend are written in 135 Ada (with GNAT extensions.) Refer to the Ada installation 136 instructions for more specific information. 137 138A "working" POSIX compatible shell, or GNU bash 139 Necessary when running `configure' because some `/bin/sh' shells 140 have bugs and may crash when configuring the target libraries. In 141 other cases, `/bin/sh' or `ksh' have disastrous corner-case 142 performance problems. This can cause target `configure' runs to 143 literally take days to complete in some cases. 144 145 So on some platforms `/bin/ksh' is sufficient, on others it isn't. 146 See the host/target specific instructions for your platform, or 147 use `bash' to be sure. Then set `CONFIG_SHELL' in your 148 environment to your "good" shell prior to running 149 `configure'/`make'. 150 151 `zsh' is not a fully compliant POSIX shell and will not work when 152 configuring GCC. 153 154GNU binutils 155 Necessary in some circumstances, optional in others. See the 156 host/target specific instructions for your platform for the exact 157 requirements. 158 159gzip version 1.2.4 (or later) or 160bzip2 version 1.0.2 (or later) 161 Necessary to uncompress GCC `tar' files when source code is 162 obtained via FTP mirror sites. 163 164GNU make version 3.79.1 (or later) 165 You must have GNU make installed to build GCC. 166 167GNU tar version 1.14 (or later) 168 Necessary (only on some platforms) to untar the source code. Many 169 systems' `tar' programs will also work, only try GNU `tar' if you 170 have problems. 171 172GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.1 (or later) 173 Necessary to build the Fortran frontend. If you do not have it 174 installed in your library search path, you will have to configure 175 with the `--with-gmp' configure option. See also `--with-gmp-lib' 176 and `--with-gmp-include'. 177 178MPFR Library version 2.2.1 (or later) 179 Necessary to build the Fortran frontend. It can be downloaded from 180 `http://www.mpfr.org/'. The version of MPFR that is bundled with 181 GMP 4.1.x contains numerous bugs. Although GNU Fortran will appear 182 to function with the buggy versions of MPFR, there are a few GNU 183 Fortran bugs that will not be fixed when using this version. It 184 is strongly recommended to upgrade to the recommended version of 185 MPFR. 186 187 The `--with-mpfr' configure option should be used if your MPFR 188 Library is not installed in your default library search path. See 189 also `--with-mpfr-lib' and `--with-mpfr-include'. 190 191`jar', or InfoZIP (`zip' and `unzip') 192 Necessary to build libgcj, the GCJ runtime. 193 194 195Tools/packages necessary for modifying GCC 196========================================== 197 198autoconf versions 2.13 and 2.59 199GNU m4 version 1.4 (or later) 200 Necessary when modifying `configure.ac', `aclocal.m4', etc. to 201 regenerate `configure' and `config.in' files. Most directories 202 require autoconf 2.59 (exactly), but the toplevel still requires 203 autoconf 2.13 (exactly). 204 205automake version 1.9.6 206 Necessary when modifying a `Makefile.am' file to regenerate its 207 associated `Makefile.in'. 208 209 Much of GCC does not use automake, so directly edit the 210 `Makefile.in' file. Specifically this applies to the `gcc', 211 `intl', `libcpp', `libiberty', `libobjc' directories as well as 212 any of their subdirectories. 213 214 For directories that use automake, GCC requires the latest release 215 in the 1.9.x series, which is currently 1.9.6. When regenerating 216 a directory to a newer version, please update all the directories 217 using an older 1.9.x to the latest released version. 218 219gettext version 0.14.5 (or later) 220 Needed to regenerate `gcc.pot'. 221 222gperf version 2.7.2 (or later) 223 Necessary when modifying `gperf' input files, e.g. 224 `gcc/cp/cfns.gperf' to regenerate its associated header file, e.g. 225 `gcc/cp/cfns.h'. 226 227DejaGnu 1.4.4 228Expect 229Tcl 230 Necessary to run the GCC testsuite; see the section on testing for 231 details. 232 233autogen version 5.5.4 (or later) and 234guile version 1.4.1 (or later) 235 Necessary to regenerate `fixinc/fixincl.x' from 236 `fixinc/inclhack.def' and `fixinc/*.tpl'. 237 238 Necessary to run `make check' for `fixinc'. 239 240 Necessary to regenerate the top level `Makefile.in' file from 241 `Makefile.tpl' and `Makefile.def'. 242 243GNU Bison version 1.28 (or later) 244 Berkeley `yacc' (`byacc') is also reported to work other than for 245 GCJ. 246 247 Necessary when modifying `*.y' files. 248 249 Necessary to build GCC during development because the generated 250 output files are not included in the SVN repository. They are 251 included in releases. 252 253Flex version 2.5.4 (or later) 254 Necessary when modifying `*.l' files. 255 256 Necessary to build GCC during development because the generated 257 output files are not included in the SVN repository. They are 258 included in releases. 259 260Texinfo version 4.4 (or later) 261 Necessary for running `makeinfo' when modifying `*.texi' files to 262 test your changes. 263 264 Necessary for running `make dvi' or `make pdf' to create printable 265 documentation in DVI or PDF format. Texinfo version 4.8 or later 266 is required for `make pdf'. 267 268 Necessary to build GCC documentation during development because the 269 generated output files are not included in the SVN repository. 270 They are included in releases. 271 272TeX (any working version) 273 Necessary for running `texi2dvi' and `texi2pdf', which are used 274 when running `make dvi' or `make pdf' to create DVI or PDF files, 275 respectively. 276 277SVN (any version) 278SSH (any version) 279 Necessary to access the SVN repository. Public releases and weekly 280 snapshots of the development sources are also available via FTP. 281 282Perl version 5.6.1 (or later) 283 Necessary when regenerating `Makefile' dependencies in libiberty. 284 Necessary when regenerating `libiberty/functions.texi'. Necessary 285 when generating manpages from Texinfo manuals. Necessary when 286 targetting Darwin, building libstdc++, and not using 287 `--disable-symvers'. Used by various scripts to generate some 288 files included in SVN (mainly Unicode-related and rarely changing) 289 from source tables. 290 291GNU diffutils version 2.7 (or later) 292 Useful when submitting patches for the GCC source code. 293 294patch version 2.5.4 (or later) 295 Necessary when applying patches, created with `diff', to one's own 296 sources. 297 298 299 300File: gccinstall.info, Node: Downloading the source, Next: Configuration, Prev: Prerequisites, Up: Installing GCC 301 3023 Downloading GCC 303***************** 304 305 GCC is distributed via SVN and FTP tarballs compressed with `gzip' or 306`bzip2'. It is possible to download a full distribution or specific 307components. 308 309 Please refer to the releases web page for information on how to 310obtain GCC. 311 312 The full distribution includes the C, C++, Objective-C, Fortran, 313Java, and Ada (in the case of GCC 3.1 and later) compilers. The full 314distribution also includes runtime libraries for C++, Objective-C, 315Fortran, and Java. In GCC 3.0 and later versions, the GNU compiler 316testsuites are also included in the full distribution. 317 318 If you choose to download specific components, you must download the 319core GCC distribution plus any language specific distributions you wish 320to use. The core distribution includes the C language front end as 321well as the shared components. Each language has a tarball which 322includes the language front end as well as the language runtime (when 323appropriate). 324 325 Unpack the core distribution as well as any language specific 326distributions in the same directory. 327 328 If you also intend to build binutils (either to upgrade an existing 329installation or for use in place of the corresponding tools of your 330OS), unpack the binutils distribution either in the same directory or a 331separate one. In the latter case, add symbolic links to any components 332of the binutils you intend to build alongside the compiler (`bfd', 333`binutils', `gas', `gprof', `ld', `opcodes', ...) to the directory 334containing the GCC sources. 335 336 337File: gccinstall.info, Node: Configuration, Next: Building, Prev: Downloading the source, Up: Installing GCC 338 3394 Installing GCC: Configuration 340******************************* 341 342 Like most GNU software, GCC must be configured before it can be 343built. This document describes the recommended configuration procedure 344for both native and cross targets. 345 346 We use SRCDIR to refer to the toplevel source directory for GCC; we 347use OBJDIR to refer to the toplevel build/object directory. 348 349 If you obtained the sources via SVN, SRCDIR must refer to the top 350`gcc' directory, the one where the `MAINTAINERS' can be found, and not 351its `gcc' subdirectory, otherwise the build will fail. 352 353 If either SRCDIR or OBJDIR is located on an automounted NFS file 354system, the shell's built-in `pwd' command will return temporary 355pathnames. Using these can lead to various sorts of build problems. 356To avoid this issue, set the `PWDCMD' environment variable to an 357automounter-aware `pwd' command, e.g., `pawd' or `amq -w', during the 358configuration and build phases. 359 360 First, we *highly* recommend that GCC be built into a separate 361directory than the sources which does *not* reside within the source 362tree. This is how we generally build GCC; building where SRCDIR == 363OBJDIR should still work, but doesn't get extensive testing; building 364where OBJDIR is a subdirectory of SRCDIR is unsupported. 365 366 If you have previously built GCC in the same directory for a 367different target machine, do `make distclean' to delete all files that 368might be invalid. One of the files this deletes is `Makefile'; if 369`make distclean' complains that `Makefile' does not exist or issues a 370message like "don't know how to make distclean" it probably means that 371the directory is already suitably clean. However, with the recommended 372method of building in a separate OBJDIR, you should simply use a 373different OBJDIR for each target. 374 375 Second, when configuring a native system, either `cc' or `gcc' must 376be in your path or you must set `CC' in your environment before running 377configure. Otherwise the configuration scripts may fail. 378 379 To configure GCC: 380 381 % mkdir OBJDIR 382 % cd OBJDIR 383 % SRCDIR/configure [OPTIONS] [TARGET] 384 385Target specification 386==================== 387 388 * GCC has code to correctly determine the correct value for TARGET 389 for nearly all native systems. Therefore, we highly recommend you 390 not provide a configure target when configuring a native compiler. 391 392 * TARGET must be specified as `--target=TARGET' when configuring a 393 cross compiler; examples of valid targets would be m68k-coff, 394 sh-elf, etc. 395 396 * Specifying just TARGET instead of `--target=TARGET' implies that 397 the host defaults to TARGET. 398 399Options specification 400===================== 401 402Use OPTIONS to override several configure time options for GCC. A list 403of supported OPTIONS follows; `configure --help' may list other 404options, but those not listed below may not work and should not 405normally be used. 406 407 Note that each `--enable' option has a corresponding `--disable' 408option and that each `--with' option has a corresponding `--without' 409option. 410 411`--prefix=DIRNAME' 412 Specify the toplevel installation directory. This is the 413 recommended way to install the tools into a directory other than 414 the default. The toplevel installation directory defaults to 415 `/usr/local'. 416 417 We *highly* recommend against DIRNAME being the same or a 418 subdirectory of OBJDIR or vice versa. If specifying a directory 419 beneath a user's home directory tree, some shells will not expand 420 DIRNAME correctly if it contains the `~' metacharacter; use 421 `$HOME' instead. 422 423 The following standard `autoconf' options are supported. Normally 424 you should not need to use these options. 425 `--exec-prefix=DIRNAME' 426 Specify the toplevel installation directory for 427 architecture-dependent files. The default is `PREFIX'. 428 429 `--bindir=DIRNAME' 430 Specify the installation directory for the executables called 431 by users (such as `gcc' and `g++'). The default is 432 `EXEC-PREFIX/bin'. 433 434 `--libdir=DIRNAME' 435 Specify the installation directory for object code libraries 436 and internal data files of GCC. The default is 437 `EXEC-PREFIX/lib'. 438 439 `--libexecdir=DIRNAME' 440 Specify the installation directory for internal executables 441 of GCC. The default is `EXEC-PREFIX/libexec'. 442 443 `--with-slibdir=DIRNAME' 444 Specify the installation directory for the shared libgcc 445 library. The default is `LIBDIR'. 446 447 `--infodir=DIRNAME' 448 Specify the installation directory for documentation in info 449 format. The default is `PREFIX/info'. 450 451 `--datadir=DIRNAME' 452 Specify the installation directory for some 453 architecture-independent data files referenced by GCC. The 454 default is `PREFIX/share'. 455 456 `--mandir=DIRNAME' 457 Specify the installation directory for manual pages. The 458 default is `PREFIX/man'. (Note that the manual pages are 459 only extracts from the full GCC manuals, which are provided 460 in Texinfo format. The manpages are derived by an automatic 461 conversion process from parts of the full manual.) 462 463 `--with-gxx-include-dir=DIRNAME' 464 Specify the installation directory for G++ header files. The 465 default is `PREFIX/include/c++/VERSION'. 466 467 468`--program-prefix=PREFIX' 469 GCC supports some transformations of the names of its programs when 470 installing them. This option prepends PREFIX to the names of 471 programs to install in BINDIR (see above). For example, specifying 472 `--program-prefix=foo-' would result in `gcc' being installed as 473 `/usr/local/bin/foo-gcc'. 474 475`--program-suffix=SUFFIX' 476 Appends SUFFIX to the names of programs to install in BINDIR (see 477 above). For example, specifying `--program-suffix=-3.1' would 478 result in `gcc' being installed as `/usr/local/bin/gcc-3.1'. 479 480`--program-transform-name=PATTERN' 481 Applies the `sed' script PATTERN to be applied to the names of 482 programs to install in BINDIR (see above). PATTERN has to consist 483 of one or more basic `sed' editing commands, separated by 484 semicolons. For example, if you want the `gcc' program name to be 485 transformed to the installed program `/usr/local/bin/myowngcc' and 486 the `g++' program name to be transformed to 487 `/usr/local/bin/gspecial++' without changing other program names, 488 you could use the pattern 489 `--program-transform-name='s/^gcc$/myowngcc/; s/^g++$/gspecial++/'' 490 to achieve this effect. 491 492 All three options can be combined and used together, resulting in 493 more complex conversion patterns. As a basic rule, PREFIX (and 494 SUFFIX) are prepended (appended) before further transformations 495 can happen with a special transformation script PATTERN. 496 497 As currently implemented, this option only takes effect for native 498 builds; cross compiler binaries' names are not transformed even 499 when a transformation is explicitly asked for by one of these 500 options. 501 502 For native builds, some of the installed programs are also 503 installed with the target alias in front of their name, as in 504 `i686-pc-linux-gnu-gcc'. All of the above transformations happen 505 before the target alias is prepended to the name--so, specifying 506 `--program-prefix=foo-' and `program-suffix=-3.1', the resulting 507 binary would be installed as 508 `/usr/local/bin/i686-pc-linux-gnu-foo-gcc-3.1'. 509 510 As a last shortcoming, none of the installed Ada programs are 511 transformed yet, which will be fixed in some time. 512 513`--with-local-prefix=DIRNAME' 514 Specify the installation directory for local include files. The 515 default is `/usr/local'. Specify this option if you want the 516 compiler to search directory `DIRNAME/include' for locally 517 installed header files _instead_ of `/usr/local/include'. 518 519 You should specify `--with-local-prefix' *only* if your site has a 520 different convention (not `/usr/local') for where to put 521 site-specific files. 522 523 The default value for `--with-local-prefix' is `/usr/local' 524 regardless of the value of `--prefix'. Specifying `--prefix' has 525 no effect on which directory GCC searches for local header files. 526 This may seem counterintuitive, but actually it is logical. 527 528 The purpose of `--prefix' is to specify where to _install GCC_. 529 The local header files in `/usr/local/include'--if you put any in 530 that directory--are not part of GCC. They are part of other 531 programs--perhaps many others. (GCC installs its own header files 532 in another directory which is based on the `--prefix' value.) 533 534 Both the local-prefix include directory and the GCC-prefix include 535 directory are part of GCC's "system include" directories. 536 Although these two directories are not fixed, they need to be 537 searched in the proper order for the correct processing of the 538 include_next directive. The local-prefix include directory is 539 searched before the GCC-prefix include directory. Another 540 characteristic of system include directories is that pedantic 541 warnings are turned off for headers in these directories. 542 543 Some autoconf macros add `-I DIRECTORY' options to the compiler 544 command line, to ensure that directories containing installed 545 packages' headers are searched. When DIRECTORY is one of GCC's 546 system include directories, GCC will ignore the option so that 547 system directories continue to be processed in the correct order. 548 This may result in a search order different from what was 549 specified but the directory will still be searched. 550 551 GCC automatically searches for ordinary libraries using 552 `GCC_EXEC_PREFIX'. Thus, when the same installation prefix is 553 used for both GCC and packages, GCC will automatically search for 554 both headers and libraries. This provides a configuration that is 555 easy to use. GCC behaves in a manner similar to that when it is 556 installed as a system compiler in `/usr'. 557 558 Sites that need to install multiple versions of GCC may not want to 559 use the above simple configuration. It is possible to use the 560 `--program-prefix', `--program-suffix' and 561 `--program-transform-name' options to install multiple versions 562 into a single directory, but it may be simpler to use different 563 prefixes and the `--with-local-prefix' option to specify the 564 location of the site-specific files for each version. It will 565 then be necessary for users to specify explicitly the location of 566 local site libraries (e.g., with `LIBRARY_PATH'). 567 568 The same value can be used for both `--with-local-prefix' and 569 `--prefix' provided it is not `/usr'. This can be used to avoid 570 the default search of `/usr/local/include'. 571 572 *Do not* specify `/usr' as the `--with-local-prefix'! The 573 directory you use for `--with-local-prefix' *must not* contain any 574 of the system's standard header files. If it did contain them, 575 certain programs would be miscompiled (including GNU Emacs, on 576 certain targets), because this would override and nullify the 577 header file corrections made by the `fixincludes' script. 578 579 Indications are that people who use this option use it based on 580 mistaken ideas of what it is for. People use it as if it 581 specified where to install part of GCC. Perhaps they make this 582 assumption because installing GCC creates the directory. 583 584`--enable-shared[=PACKAGE[,...]]' 585 Build shared versions of libraries, if shared libraries are 586 supported on the target platform. Unlike GCC 2.95.x and earlier, 587 shared libraries are enabled by default on all platforms that 588 support shared libraries. 589 590 If a list of packages is given as an argument, build shared 591 libraries only for the listed packages. For other packages, only 592 static libraries will be built. Package names currently 593 recognized in the GCC tree are `libgcc' (also known as `gcc'), 594 `libstdc++' (not `libstdc++-v3'), `libffi', `zlib', `boehm-gc', 595 `ada', `libada', `libjava' and `libobjc'. Note `libiberty' does 596 not support shared libraries at all. 597 598 Use `--disable-shared' to build only static libraries. Note that 599 `--disable-shared' does not accept a list of package names as 600 argument, only `--enable-shared' does. 601 602`--with-gnu-as' 603 Specify that the compiler should assume that the assembler it 604 finds is the GNU assembler. However, this does not modify the 605 rules to find an assembler and will result in confusion if the 606 assembler found is not actually the GNU assembler. (Confusion may 607 also result if the compiler finds the GNU assembler but has not 608 been configured with `--with-gnu-as'.) If you have more than one 609 assembler installed on your system, you may want to use this 610 option in connection with `--with-as=PATHNAME' or 611 `--with-build-time-tools=PATHNAME'. 612 613 The following systems are the only ones where it makes a difference 614 whether you use the GNU assembler. On any other system, 615 `--with-gnu-as' has no effect. 616 617 * `hppa1.0-ANY-ANY' 618 619 * `hppa1.1-ANY-ANY' 620 621 * `i386-ANY-sysv' 622 623 * `m68k-bull-sysv' 624 625 * `m68k-hp-hpux' 626 627 * `m68000-hp-hpux' 628 629 * `m68000-att-sysv' 630 631 * `sparc-sun-solaris2.ANY' 632 633 * `sparc64-ANY-solaris2.ANY' 634 635 On the systems listed above (except for the HP-PA, the SPARC, for 636 ISC on the 386, if you use the GNU assembler, you should also use 637 the GNU linker (and specify `--with-gnu-ld'). 638 639`--with-as=PATHNAME' 640 Specify that the compiler should use the assembler pointed to by 641 PATHNAME, rather than the one found by the standard rules to find 642 an assembler, which are: 643 * Unless GCC is being built with a cross compiler, check the 644 `LIBEXEC/gcc/TARGET/VERSION' directory. LIBEXEC defaults to 645 `EXEC-PREFIX/libexec'; EXEC-PREFIX defaults to PREFIX, which 646 defaults to `/usr/local' unless overridden by the 647 `--prefix=PATHNAME' switch described above. TARGET is the 648 target system triple, such as `sparc-sun-solaris2.7', and 649 VERSION denotes the GCC version, such as 3.0. 650 651 * If the target system is the same that you are building on, 652 check operating system specific directories (e.g. 653 `/usr/ccs/bin' on Sun Solaris 2). 654 655 * Check in the `PATH' for a tool whose name is prefixed by the 656 target system triple. 657 658 * Check in the `PATH' for a tool whose name is not prefixed by 659 the target system triple, if the host and target system 660 triple are the same (in other words, we use a host tool if it 661 can be used for the target as well). 662 663 You may want to use `--with-as' if no assembler is installed in 664 the directories listed above, or if you have multiple assemblers 665 installed and want to choose one that is not found by the above 666 rules. 667 668`--with-gnu-ld' 669 Same as `--with-gnu-as' but for the linker. 670 671`--with-ld=PATHNAME' 672 Same as `--with-as' but for the linker. 673 674`--with-stabs' 675 Specify that stabs debugging information should be used instead of 676 whatever format the host normally uses. Normally GCC uses the 677 same debug format as the host system. 678 679 On MIPS based systems and on Alphas, you must specify whether you 680 want GCC to create the normal ECOFF debugging format, or to use 681 BSD-style stabs passed through the ECOFF symbol table. The normal 682 ECOFF debug format cannot fully handle languages other than C. 683 BSD stabs format can handle other languages, but it only works 684 with the GNU debugger GDB. 685 686 Normally, GCC uses the ECOFF debugging format by default; if you 687 prefer BSD stabs, specify `--with-stabs' when you configure GCC. 688 689 No matter which default you choose when you configure GCC, the user 690 can use the `-gcoff' and `-gstabs+' options to specify explicitly 691 the debug format for a particular compilation. 692 693 `--with-stabs' is meaningful on the ISC system on the 386, also, if 694 `--with-gas' is used. It selects use of stabs debugging 695 information embedded in COFF output. This kind of debugging 696 information supports C++ well; ordinary COFF debugging information 697 does not. 698 699 `--with-stabs' is also meaningful on 386 systems running SVR4. It 700 selects use of stabs debugging information embedded in ELF output. 701 The C++ compiler currently (2.6.0) does not support the DWARF 702 debugging information normally used on 386 SVR4 platforms; stabs 703 provide a workable alternative. This requires gas and gdb, as the 704 normal SVR4 tools can not generate or interpret stabs. 705 706`--disable-multilib' 707 Specify that multiple target libraries to support different target 708 variants, calling conventions, etc. should not be built. The 709 default is to build a predefined set of them. 710 711 Some targets provide finer-grained control over which multilibs 712 are built (e.g., `--disable-softfloat'): 713 `arc-*-elf*' 714 biendian. 715 716 `arm-*-*' 717 fpu, 26bit, underscore, interwork, biendian, nofmult. 718 719 `m68*-*-*' 720 softfloat, m68881, m68000, m68020. 721 722 `mips*-*-*' 723 single-float, biendian, softfloat. 724 725 `powerpc*-*-*, rs6000*-*-*' 726 aix64, pthread, softfloat, powercpu, powerpccpu, powerpcos, 727 biendian, sysv, aix. 728 729 730`--enable-threads' 731 Specify that the target supports threads. This affects the 732 Objective-C compiler and runtime library, and exception handling 733 for other languages like C++ and Java. On some systems, this is 734 the default. 735 736 In general, the best (and, in many cases, the only known) threading 737 model available will be configured for use. Beware that on some 738 systems, GCC has not been taught what threading models are 739 generally available for the system. In this case, 740 `--enable-threads' is an alias for `--enable-threads=single'. 741 742`--disable-threads' 743 Specify that threading support should be disabled for the system. 744 This is an alias for `--enable-threads=single'. 745 746`--enable-threads=LIB' 747 Specify that LIB is the thread support library. This affects the 748 Objective-C compiler and runtime library, and exception handling 749 for other languages like C++ and Java. The possibilities for LIB 750 are: 751 752 `aix' 753 AIX thread support. 754 755 `dce' 756 DCE thread support. 757 758 `gnat' 759 Ada tasking support. For non-Ada programs, this setting is 760 equivalent to `single'. When used in conjunction with the 761 Ada run time, it causes GCC to use the same thread primitives 762 as Ada uses. This option is necessary when using both Ada 763 and the back end exception handling, which is the default for 764 most Ada targets. 765 766 `mach' 767 Generic MACH thread support, known to work on NeXTSTEP. 768 (Please note that the file needed to support this 769 configuration, `gthr-mach.h', is missing and thus this 770 setting will cause a known bootstrap failure.) 771 772 `no' 773 This is an alias for `single'. 774 775 `posix' 776 Generic POSIX/Unix98 thread support. 777 778 `posix95' 779 Generic POSIX/Unix95 thread support. 780 781 `rtems' 782 RTEMS thread support. 783 784 `single' 785 Disable thread support, should work for all platforms. 786 787 `solaris' 788 Sun Solaris 2 thread support. 789 790 `vxworks' 791 VxWorks thread support. 792 793 `win32' 794 Microsoft Win32 API thread support. 795 796 `nks' 797 Novell Kernel Services thread support. 798 799`--enable-tls' 800 Specify that the target supports TLS (Thread Local Storage). 801 Usually configure can correctly determine if TLS is supported. In 802 cases where it guesses incorrectly, TLS can be explicitly enabled 803 or disabled with `--enable-tls' or `--disable-tls'. This can 804 happen if the assembler supports TLS but the C library does not, 805 or if the assumptions made by the configure test are incorrect. 806 807`--disable-tls' 808 Specify that the target does not support TLS. This is an alias 809 for `--enable-tls=no'. 810 811`--with-cpu=CPU' 812 Specify which cpu variant the compiler should generate code for by 813 default. CPU will be used as the default value of the `-mcpu=' 814 switch. This option is only supported on some targets, including 815 ARM, i386, PowerPC, and SPARC. 816 817`--with-schedule=CPU' 818`--with-arch=CPU' 819`--with-tune=CPU' 820`--with-abi=ABI' 821`--with-fpu=TYPE' 822`--with-float=TYPE' 823 These configure options provide default values for the 824 `-mschedule=', `-march=', `-mtune=', `-mabi=', and `-mfpu=' 825 options and for `-mhard-float' or `-msoft-float'. As with 826 `--with-cpu', which switches will be accepted and acceptable values 827 of the arguments depend on the target. 828 829`--with-mode=MODE' 830 Specify if the compiler should default to `-marm' or `-mthumb'. 831 This option is only supported on ARM targets. 832 833`--with-divide=TYPE' 834 Specify how the compiler should generate code for checking for 835 division by zero. This option is only supported on the MIPS 836 target. The possibilities for TYPE are: 837 `traps' 838 Division by zero checks use conditional traps (this is the 839 default on systems that support conditional traps). 840 841 `breaks' 842 Division by zero checks use the break instruction. 843 844`--enable-__cxa_atexit' 845 Define if you want to use __cxa_atexit, rather than atexit, to 846 register C++ destructors for local statics and global objects. 847 This is essential for fully standards-compliant handling of 848 destructors, but requires __cxa_atexit in libc. This option is 849 currently only available on systems with GNU libc. When enabled, 850 this will cause `-fuse-cxa-exit' to be passed by default. 851 852`--enable-target-optspace' 853 Specify that target libraries should be optimized for code space 854 instead of code speed. This is the default for the m32r platform. 855 856`--disable-cpp' 857 Specify that a user visible `cpp' program should not be installed. 858 859`--with-cpp-install-dir=DIRNAME' 860 Specify that the user visible `cpp' program should be installed in 861 `PREFIX/DIRNAME/cpp', in addition to BINDIR. 862 863`--enable-initfini-array' 864 Force the use of sections `.init_array' and `.fini_array' (instead 865 of `.init' and `.fini') for constructors and destructors. Option 866 `--disable-initfini-array' has the opposite effect. If neither 867 option is specified, the configure script will try to guess 868 whether the `.init_array' and `.fini_array' sections are supported 869 and, if they are, use them. 870 871`--enable-maintainer-mode' 872 The build rules that regenerate the GCC master message catalog 873 `gcc.pot' are normally disabled. This is because it can only be 874 rebuilt if the complete source tree is present. If you have 875 changed the sources and want to rebuild the catalog, configuring 876 with `--enable-maintainer-mode' will enable this. Note that you 877 need a recent version of the `gettext' tools to do so. 878 879`--disable-bootstrap' 880 For a native build, the default configuration is to perform a 881 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler when `make' is invoked, testing 882 that GCC can compile itself correctly. If you want to disable 883 this process, you can configure with `--disable-bootstrap'. 884 885`--enable-bootstrap' 886 In special cases, you may want to perform a 3-stage build even if 887 the target and host triplets are different. This could happen 888 when the host can run code compiled for the target (e.g. host is 889 i686-linux, target is i486-linux). Starting from GCC 4.2, to do 890 this you have to configure explicitly with `--enable-bootstrap'. 891 892`--enable-generated-files-in-srcdir' 893 Neither the .c and .h files that are generated from Bison and flex 894 nor the info manuals and man pages that are built from the .texi 895 files are present in the SVN development tree. When building GCC 896 from that development tree, or from one of our snapshots, those 897 generated files are placed in your build directory, which allows 898 for the source to be in a readonly directory. 899 900 If you configure with `--enable-generated-files-in-srcdir' then 901 those generated files will go into the source directory. This is 902 mainly intended for generating release or prerelease tarballs of 903 the GCC sources, since it is not a requirement that the users of 904 source releases to have flex, Bison, or makeinfo. 905 906`--enable-version-specific-runtime-libs' 907 Specify that runtime libraries should be installed in the compiler 908 specific subdirectory (`LIBDIR/gcc') rather than the usual places. 909 In addition, `libstdc++''s include files will be installed into 910 `LIBDIR' unless you overruled it by using 911 `--with-gxx-include-dir=DIRNAME'. Using this option is 912 particularly useful if you intend to use several versions of GCC in 913 parallel. This is currently supported by `libgfortran', 914 `libjava', `libmudflap', `libstdc++', and `libobjc'. 915 916`--with-java-home=DIRNAME' 917 This `libjava' option overrides the default value of the 918 `java.home' system property. It is also used to set 919 `sun.boot.class.path' to `DIRNAME/lib/rt.jar'. By default 920 `java.home' is set to `PREFIX' and `sun.boot.class.path' to 921 `DATADIR/java/libgcj-VERSION.jar'. 922 923`--enable-languages=LANG1,LANG2,...' 924 Specify that only a particular subset of compilers and their 925 runtime libraries should be built. For a list of valid values for 926 LANGN you can issue the following command in the `gcc' directory 927 of your GCC source tree: 928 grep language= */config-lang.in 929 Currently, you can use any of the following: `all', `ada', `c', 930 `c++', `fortran', `java', `objc', `obj-c++', `treelang'. Building 931 the Ada compiler has special requirements, see below. If you do 932 not pass this flag, or specify the option `all', then all default 933 languages available in the `gcc' sub-tree will be configured. 934 Ada, Objective-C++, and treelang are not default languages; the 935 rest are. Re-defining `LANGUAGES' when calling `make' *does not* 936 work anymore, as those language sub-directories might not have been 937 configured! 938 939`--disable-libada' 940 Specify that the run-time libraries and tools used by GNAT should 941 not be built. This can be useful for debugging, or for 942 compatibility with previous Ada build procedures, when it was 943 required to explicitly do a `make -C gcc gnatlib_and_tools'. 944 945`--disable-libssp' 946 Specify that the run-time libraries for stack smashing protection 947 should not be built. 948 949`--disable-libgomp' 950 Specify that the run-time libraries used by GOMP should not be 951 built. 952 953`--with-dwarf2' 954 Specify that the compiler should use DWARF 2 debugging information 955 as the default. 956 957`--enable-targets=all' 958`--enable-targets=TARGET_LIST' 959 Some GCC targets, e.g. powerpc64-linux, build bi-arch compilers. 960 These are compilers that are able to generate either 64-bit or 961 32-bit code. Typically, the corresponding 32-bit target, e.g. 962 powerpc-linux for powerpc64-linux, only generates 32-bit code. 963 This option enables the 32-bit target to be a bi-arch compiler, 964 which is useful when you want a bi-arch compiler that defaults to 965 32-bit, and you are building a bi-arch or multi-arch binutils in a 966 combined tree. Currently, this option only affects powerpc-linux. 967 968`--enable-secureplt' 969 This option enables `-msecure-plt' by default for powerpc-linux. 970 *Note RS/6000 and PowerPC Options: (gcc)RS/6000 and PowerPC 971 Options, 972 973`--enable-win32-registry' 974`--enable-win32-registry=KEY' 975`--disable-win32-registry' 976 The `--enable-win32-registry' option enables Microsoft 977 Windows-hosted GCC to look up installations paths in the registry 978 using the following key: 979 980 `HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Free Software Foundation\KEY' 981 982 KEY defaults to GCC version number, and can be overridden by the 983 `--enable-win32-registry=KEY' option. Vendors and distributors 984 who use custom installers are encouraged to provide a different 985 key, perhaps one comprised of vendor name and GCC version number, 986 to avoid conflict with existing installations. This feature is 987 enabled by default, and can be disabled by 988 `--disable-win32-registry' option. This option has no effect on 989 the other hosts. 990 991`--nfp' 992 Specify that the machine does not have a floating point unit. This 993 option only applies to `m68k-sun-sunosN'. On any other system, 994 `--nfp' has no effect. 995 996`--enable-werror' 997`--disable-werror' 998`--enable-werror=yes' 999`--enable-werror=no' 1000 When you specify this option, it controls whether certain files in 1001 the compiler are built with `-Werror' in bootstrap stage2 and 1002 later. If you don't specify it, `-Werror' is turned on for the 1003 main development trunk. However it defaults to off for release 1004 branches and final releases. The specific files which get 1005 `-Werror' are controlled by the Makefiles. 1006 1007`--enable-checking' 1008`--enable-checking=LIST' 1009 When you specify this option, the compiler is built to perform 1010 internal consistency checks of the requested complexity. This 1011 does not change the generated code, but adds error checking within 1012 the compiler. This will slow down the compiler and may only work 1013 properly if you are building the compiler with GCC. This is `yes' 1014 by default when building from SVN or snapshots, but `release' for 1015 releases. More control over the checks may be had by specifying 1016 LIST. The categories of checks available are `yes' (most common 1017 checks `assert,misc,tree,gc,rtlflag,runtime'), `no' (no checks at 1018 all), `all' (all but `valgrind'), `release' (cheapest checks 1019 `assert,runtime') or `none' (same as `no'). Individual checks can 1020 be enabled with these flags `assert', `fold', `gc', `gcac' `misc', 1021 `rtl', `rtlflag', `runtime', `tree', and `valgrind'. 1022 1023 The `valgrind' check requires the external `valgrind' simulator, 1024 available from `http://valgrind.org/'. The `rtl', `gcac' and 1025 `valgrind' checks are very expensive. To disable all checking, 1026 `--disable-checking' or `--enable-checking=none' must be 1027 explicitly requested. Disabling assertions will make the compiler 1028 and runtime slightly faster but increase the risk of undetected 1029 internal errors causing wrong code to be generated. 1030 1031`--enable-coverage' 1032`--enable-coverage=LEVEL' 1033 With this option, the compiler is built to collect self coverage 1034 information, every time it is run. This is for internal 1035 development purposes, and only works when the compiler is being 1036 built with gcc. The LEVEL argument controls whether the compiler 1037 is built optimized or not, values are `opt' and `noopt'. For 1038 coverage analysis you want to disable optimization, for 1039 performance analysis you want to enable optimization. When 1040 coverage is enabled, the default level is without optimization. 1041 1042`--enable-gather-detailed-mem-stats' 1043 When this option is specified more detailed information on memory 1044 allocation is gathered. This information is printed when using 1045 `-fmem-report'. 1046 1047`--with-gc' 1048`--with-gc=CHOICE' 1049 With this option you can specify the garbage collector 1050 implementation used during the compilation process. CHOICE can be 1051 one of `page' and `zone', where `page' is the default. 1052 1053`--enable-nls' 1054`--disable-nls' 1055 The `--enable-nls' option enables Native Language Support (NLS), 1056 which lets GCC output diagnostics in languages other than American 1057 English. Native Language Support is enabled by default if not 1058 doing a canadian cross build. The `--disable-nls' option disables 1059 NLS. 1060 1061`--with-included-gettext' 1062 If NLS is enabled, the `--with-included-gettext' option causes the 1063 build procedure to prefer its copy of GNU `gettext'. 1064 1065`--with-catgets' 1066 If NLS is enabled, and if the host lacks `gettext' but has the 1067 inferior `catgets' interface, the GCC build procedure normally 1068 ignores `catgets' and instead uses GCC's copy of the GNU `gettext' 1069 library. The `--with-catgets' option causes the build procedure 1070 to use the host's `catgets' in this situation. 1071 1072`--with-libiconv-prefix=DIR' 1073 Search for libiconv header files in `DIR/include' and libiconv 1074 library files in `DIR/lib'. 1075 1076`--enable-obsolete' 1077 Enable configuration for an obsoleted system. If you attempt to 1078 configure GCC for a system (build, host, or target) which has been 1079 obsoleted, and you do not specify this flag, configure will halt 1080 with an error message. 1081 1082 All support for systems which have been obsoleted in one release 1083 of GCC is removed entirely in the next major release, unless 1084 someone steps forward to maintain the port. 1085 1086`--enable-decimal-float' 1087`--disable-decimal-float' 1088 Enable (or disable) support for the C decimal floating point 1089 extension. This is enabled by default only on PowerPC GNU/Linux 1090 systems. Other systems may also support it, but require the user 1091 to specifically enable it. 1092 1093`--with-long-double-128' 1094 Specify if `long double' type should be 128-bit by default on 1095 selected GNU/Linux architectures. If using 1096 `--without-long-double-128', `long double' will be by default 1097 64-bit, the same as `double' type. When neither of these 1098 configure options are used, the default will be 128-bit `long 1099 double' when built against GNU C Library 2.4 and later, 64-bit 1100 `long double' otherwise. 1101 1102 1103Cross-Compiler-Specific Options 1104------------------------------- 1105 1106The following options only apply to building cross compilers. 1107`--with-sysroot' 1108`--with-sysroot=DIR' 1109 Tells GCC to consider DIR as the root of a tree that contains a 1110 (subset of) the root filesystem of the target operating system. 1111 Target system headers, libraries and run-time object files will be 1112 searched in there. The specified directory is not copied into the 1113 install tree, unlike the options `--with-headers' and 1114 `--with-libs' that this option obsoletes. The default value, in 1115 case `--with-sysroot' is not given an argument, is 1116 `${gcc_tooldir}/sys-root'. If the specified directory is a 1117 subdirectory of `${exec_prefix}', then it will be found relative to 1118 the GCC binaries if the installation tree is moved. 1119 1120`--with-build-sysroot' 1121`--with-build-sysroot=DIR' 1122 Tells GCC to consider DIR as the system root (see 1123 `--with-sysroot') while building target libraries, instead of the 1124 directory specified with `--with-sysroot'. This option is only 1125 useful when you are already using `--with-sysroot'. You can use 1126 `--with-build-sysroot' when you are configuring with `--prefix' 1127 set to a directory that is different from the one in which you are 1128 installing GCC and your target libraries. 1129 1130 This option affects the system root for the compiler used to build 1131 target libraries (which runs on the build system); it does not 1132 affect the compiler which is used to build GCC itself. 1133 1134`--with-headers' 1135`--with-headers=DIR' 1136 Deprecated in favor of `--with-sysroot'. Specifies that target 1137 headers are available when building a cross compiler. The DIR 1138 argument specifies a directory which has the target include files. 1139 These include files will be copied into the `gcc' install 1140 directory. _This option with the DIR argument is required_ when 1141 building a cross compiler, if `PREFIX/TARGET/sys-include' doesn't 1142 pre-exist. If `PREFIX/TARGET/sys-include' does pre-exist, the DIR 1143 argument may be omitted. `fixincludes' will be run on these files 1144 to make them compatible with GCC. 1145 1146`--without-headers' 1147 Tells GCC not use any target headers from a libc when building a 1148 cross compiler. When crossing to GNU/Linux, you need the headers 1149 so GCC can build the exception handling for libgcc. 1150 1151`--with-libs' 1152`--with-libs=``DIR1 DIR2 ... DIRN''' 1153 Deprecated in favor of `--with-sysroot'. Specifies a list of 1154 directories which contain the target runtime libraries. These 1155 libraries will be copied into the `gcc' install directory. If the 1156 directory list is omitted, this option has no effect. 1157 1158`--with-newlib' 1159 Specifies that `newlib' is being used as the target C library. 1160 This causes `__eprintf' to be omitted from `libgcc.a' on the 1161 assumption that it will be provided by `newlib'. 1162 1163`--with-build-time-tools=DIR' 1164 Specifies where to find the set of target tools (assembler, 1165 linker, etc.) that will be used while building GCC itself. This 1166 option can be useful if the directory layouts are different 1167 between the system you are building GCC on, and the system where 1168 you will deploy it. 1169 1170 For example, on a `ia64-hp-hpux' system, you may have the GNU 1171 assembler and linker in `/usr/bin', and the native tools in a 1172 different path, and build a toolchain that expects to find the 1173 native tools in `/usr/bin'. 1174 1175 When you use this option, you should ensure that DIR includes 1176 `ar', `as', `ld', `nm', `ranlib' and `strip' if necessary, and 1177 possibly `objdump'. Otherwise, GCC may use an inconsistent set of 1178 tools. 1179 1180Fortran-Specific Options 1181------------------------ 1182 1183The following options apply to the build of the Fortran front end. 1184 1185`--with-gmp=PATHNAME' 1186`--with-gmp-include=PATHNAME' 1187`--with-gmp-lib=PATHNAME' 1188`--with-mpfr=PATHNAME' 1189`--with-mpfr-include=PATHNAME' 1190`--with-mpfr-lib=PATHNAME' 1191 If you do not have GMP (the GNU Multiple Precision library) and the 1192 MPFR Libraries installed in a standard location and you want to 1193 build the Fortran front-end, you can explicitly specify the 1194 directory where they are installed (`--with-gmp=GMPINSTALLDIR', 1195 `--with-mpfr=MPFRINSTALLDIR'). The `--with-gmp=GMPINSTALLDIR' 1196 option is shorthand for `--with-gmp-lib=GMPINSTALLDIR/lib' and 1197 `--with-gmp-include=GMPINSTALLDIR/include'. Likewise the 1198 `--with-mpfr=MPFRINSTALLDIR' option is shorthand for 1199 `--with-mpfr-lib=MPFRINSTALLDIR/lib' and 1200 `--with-mpfr-include=MPFRINSTALLDIR/include'. If these shorthand 1201 assumptions are not correct, you can use the explicit include and 1202 lib options directly. 1203 1204 1205Java-Specific Options 1206--------------------- 1207 1208The following option applies to the build of the Java front end. 1209 1210`--disable-libgcj' 1211 Specify that the run-time libraries used by GCJ should not be 1212 built. This is useful in case you intend to use GCJ with some 1213 other run-time, or you're going to install it separately, or it 1214 just happens not to build on your particular machine. In general, 1215 if the Java front end is enabled, the GCJ libraries will be 1216 enabled too, unless they're known to not work on the target 1217 platform. If GCJ is enabled but `libgcj' isn't built, you may 1218 need to port it; in this case, before modifying the top-level 1219 `configure.in' so that `libgcj' is enabled by default on this 1220 platform, you may use `--enable-libgcj' to override the default. 1221 1222 1223 The following options apply to building `libgcj'. 1224 1225General Options 1226............... 1227 1228`--disable-getenv-properties' 1229 Don't set system properties from `GCJ_PROPERTIES'. 1230 1231`--enable-hash-synchronization' 1232 Use a global hash table for monitor locks. Ordinarily, `libgcj''s 1233 `configure' script automatically makes the correct choice for this 1234 option for your platform. Only use this if you know you need the 1235 library to be configured differently. 1236 1237`--enable-interpreter' 1238 Enable the Java interpreter. The interpreter is automatically 1239 enabled by default on all platforms that support it. This option 1240 is really only useful if you want to disable the interpreter 1241 (using `--disable-interpreter'). 1242 1243`--disable-java-net' 1244 Disable java.net. This disables the native part of java.net only, 1245 using non-functional stubs for native method implementations. 1246 1247`--disable-jvmpi' 1248 Disable JVMPI support. 1249 1250`--with-ecos' 1251 Enable runtime eCos target support. 1252 1253`--without-libffi' 1254 Don't use `libffi'. This will disable the interpreter and JNI 1255 support as well, as these require `libffi' to work. 1256 1257`--enable-libgcj-debug' 1258 Enable runtime debugging code. 1259 1260`--enable-libgcj-multifile' 1261 If specified, causes all `.java' source files to be compiled into 1262 `.class' files in one invocation of `gcj'. This can speed up 1263 build time, but is more resource-intensive. If this option is 1264 unspecified or disabled, `gcj' is invoked once for each `.java' 1265 file to compile into a `.class' file. 1266 1267`--with-libiconv-prefix=DIR' 1268 Search for libiconv in `DIR/include' and `DIR/lib'. 1269 1270`--enable-sjlj-exceptions' 1271 Force use of the `setjmp'/`longjmp'-based scheme for exceptions. 1272 `configure' ordinarily picks the correct value based on the 1273 platform. Only use this option if you are sure you need a 1274 different setting. 1275 1276`--with-system-zlib' 1277 Use installed `zlib' rather than that included with GCC. 1278 1279`--with-win32-nlsapi=ansi, unicows or unicode' 1280 Indicates how MinGW `libgcj' translates between UNICODE characters 1281 and the Win32 API. 1282 `ansi' 1283 Use the single-byte `char' and the Win32 A functions natively, 1284 translating to and from UNICODE when using these functions. 1285 If unspecified, this is the default. 1286 1287 `unicows' 1288 Use the `WCHAR' and Win32 W functions natively. Adds 1289 `-lunicows' to `libgcj.spec' to link with `libunicows'. 1290 `unicows.dll' needs to be deployed on Microsoft Windows 9X 1291 machines running built executables. `libunicows.a', an 1292 open-source import library around Microsoft's `unicows.dll', 1293 is obtained from `http://libunicows.sourceforge.net/', which 1294 also gives details on getting `unicows.dll' from Microsoft. 1295 1296 `unicode' 1297 Use the `WCHAR' and Win32 W functions natively. Does _not_ 1298 add `-lunicows' to `libgcj.spec'. The built executables will 1299 only run on Microsoft Windows NT and above. 1300 1301AWT-Specific Options 1302.................... 1303 1304`--with-x' 1305 Use the X Window System. 1306 1307`--enable-java-awt=PEER(S)' 1308 Specifies the AWT peer library or libraries to build alongside 1309 `libgcj'. If this option is unspecified or disabled, AWT will be 1310 non-functional. Current valid values are `gtk' and `xlib'. 1311 Multiple libraries should be separated by a comma (i.e. 1312 `--enable-java-awt=gtk,xlib'). 1313 1314`--enable-gtk-cairo' 1315 Build the cairo Graphics2D implementation on GTK. 1316 1317`--enable-java-gc=TYPE' 1318 Choose garbage collector. Defaults to `boehm' if unspecified. 1319 1320`--disable-gtktest' 1321 Do not try to compile and run a test GTK+ program. 1322 1323`--disable-glibtest' 1324 Do not try to compile and run a test GLIB program. 1325 1326`--with-libart-prefix=PFX' 1327 Prefix where libart is installed (optional). 1328 1329`--with-libart-exec-prefix=PFX' 1330 Exec prefix where libart is installed (optional). 1331 1332`--disable-libarttest' 1333 Do not try to compile and run a test libart program. 1334 1335 1336 1337File: gccinstall.info, Node: Building, Next: Testing, Prev: Configuration, Up: Installing GCC 1338 13395 Building 1340********** 1341 1342 Now that GCC is configured, you are ready to build the compiler and 1343runtime libraries. 1344 1345 Some commands executed when making the compiler may fail (return a 1346nonzero status) and be ignored by `make'. These failures, which are 1347often due to files that were not found, are expected, and can safely be 1348ignored. 1349 1350 It is normal to have compiler warnings when compiling certain files. 1351Unless you are a GCC developer, you can generally ignore these warnings 1352unless they cause compilation to fail. Developers should attempt to fix 1353any warnings encountered, however they can temporarily continue past 1354warnings-as-errors by specifying the configure flag `--disable-werror'. 1355 1356 On certain old systems, defining certain environment variables such 1357as `CC' can interfere with the functioning of `make'. 1358 1359 If you encounter seemingly strange errors when trying to build the 1360compiler in a directory other than the source directory, it could be 1361because you have previously configured the compiler in the source 1362directory. Make sure you have done all the necessary preparations. 1363 1364 If you build GCC on a BSD system using a directory stored in an old 1365System V file system, problems may occur in running `fixincludes' if the 1366System V file system doesn't support symbolic links. These problems 1367result in a failure to fix the declaration of `size_t' in 1368`sys/types.h'. If you find that `size_t' is a signed type and that 1369type mismatches occur, this could be the cause. 1370 1371 The solution is not to use such a directory for building GCC. 1372 1373 When building from SVN or snapshots, or if you modify parser sources, 1374you need the Bison parser generator installed. If you do not modify 1375parser sources, releases contain the Bison-generated files and you do 1376not need Bison installed to build them. 1377 1378 When building from SVN or snapshots, or if you modify Texinfo 1379documentation, you need version 4.4 or later of Texinfo installed if you 1380want Info documentation to be regenerated. Releases contain Info 1381documentation pre-built for the unmodified documentation in the release. 1382 13835.1 Building a native compiler 1384============================== 1385 1386For a native build, the default configuration is to perform a 3-stage 1387bootstrap of the compiler when `make' is invoked. This will build the 1388entire GCC system and ensure that it compiles itself correctly. It can 1389be disabled with the `--disable-bootstrap' parameter to `configure', 1390but bootstrapping is suggested because the compiler will be tested more 1391completely and could also have better performance. 1392 1393 The bootstrapping process will complete the following steps: 1394 1395 * Build tools necessary to build the compiler. 1396 1397 * Perform a 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler. This includes 1398 building three times the target tools for use by the compiler such 1399 as binutils (bfd, binutils, gas, gprof, ld, and opcodes) if they 1400 have been individually linked or moved into the top level GCC 1401 source tree before configuring. 1402 1403 * Perform a comparison test of the stage2 and stage3 compilers. 1404 1405 * Build runtime libraries using the stage3 compiler from the 1406 previous step. 1407 1408 1409 If you are short on disk space you might consider `make 1410bootstrap-lean' instead. The sequence of compilation is the same 1411described above, but object files from the stage1 and stage2 of the 14123-stage bootstrap of the compiler are deleted as soon as they are no 1413longer needed. 1414 1415 If you want to save additional space during the bootstrap and in the 1416final installation as well, you can build the compiler binaries without 1417debugging information as in the following example. This will save 1418roughly 40% of disk space both for the bootstrap and the final 1419installation. (Libraries will still contain debugging information.) 1420 1421 make CFLAGS='-O' LIBCFLAGS='-g -O2' \ 1422 LIBCXXFLAGS='-g -O2 -fno-implicit-templates' bootstrap 1423 1424 If you wish to use non-default GCC flags when compiling the stage2 1425and stage3 compilers, set `BOOT_CFLAGS' on the command line when doing 1426`make'. Non-default optimization flags are less well tested here than 1427the default of `-g -O2', but should still work. In a few cases, you 1428may find that you need to specify special flags such as `-msoft-float' 1429here to complete the bootstrap; or, if the native compiler miscompiles 1430the stage1 compiler, you may need to work around this, by choosing 1431`BOOT_CFLAGS' to avoid the parts of the stage1 compiler that were 1432miscompiled, or by using `make bootstrap4' to increase the number of 1433stages of bootstrap. 1434 1435 Note that using non-standard `CFLAGS' can cause bootstrap to fail if 1436these trigger a warning with the new compiler. For example using `-O2 1437-g -mcpu=i686' on `i686-pc-linux-gnu' will cause bootstrap failure as 1438`-mcpu=' is deprecated in 3.4.0 and above. 1439 1440 If you used the flag `--enable-languages=...' to restrict the 1441compilers to be built, only those you've actually enabled will be 1442built. This will of course only build those runtime libraries, for 1443which the particular compiler has been built. Please note, that 1444re-defining `LANGUAGES' when calling `make' *does not* work anymore! 1445 1446 If the comparison of stage2 and stage3 fails, this normally indicates 1447that the stage2 compiler has compiled GCC incorrectly, and is therefore 1448a potentially serious bug which you should investigate and report. (On 1449a few systems, meaningful comparison of object files is impossible; they 1450always appear "different". If you encounter this problem, you will 1451need to disable comparison in the `Makefile'.) 1452 1453 If you do not want to bootstrap your compiler, you can configure with 1454`--disable-bootstrap'. In particular cases, you may want to bootstrap 1455your compiler even if the target system is not the same as the one you 1456are building on: for example, you could build a 1457`powerpc-unknown-linux-gnu' toolchain on a 1458`powerpc64-unknown-linux-gnu' host. In this case, pass 1459`--enable-bootstrap' to the configure script. 1460 14615.2 Building a cross compiler 1462============================= 1463 1464When building a cross compiler, it is not generally possible to do a 14653-stage bootstrap of the compiler. This makes for an interesting 1466problem as parts of GCC can only be built with GCC. 1467 1468 To build a cross compiler, we first recommend building and 1469installing a native compiler. You can then use the native GCC compiler 1470to build the cross compiler. The installed native compiler needs to be 1471GCC version 2.95 or later. 1472 1473 Assuming you have already installed a native copy of GCC and 1474configured your cross compiler, issue the command `make', which 1475performs the following steps: 1476 1477 * Build host tools necessary to build the compiler. 1478 1479 * Build target tools for use by the compiler such as binutils (bfd, 1480 binutils, gas, gprof, ld, and opcodes) if they have been 1481 individually linked or moved into the top level GCC source tree 1482 before configuring. 1483 1484 * Build the compiler (single stage only). 1485 1486 * Build runtime libraries using the compiler from the previous step. 1487 1488 Note that if an error occurs in any step the make process will exit. 1489 1490 If you are not building GNU binutils in the same source tree as GCC, 1491you will need a cross-assembler and cross-linker installed before 1492configuring GCC. Put them in the directory `PREFIX/TARGET/bin'. Here 1493is a table of the tools you should put in this directory: 1494 1495`as' 1496 This should be the cross-assembler. 1497 1498`ld' 1499 This should be the cross-linker. 1500 1501`ar' 1502 This should be the cross-archiver: a program which can manipulate 1503 archive files (linker libraries) in the target machine's format. 1504 1505`ranlib' 1506 This should be a program to construct a symbol table in an archive 1507 file. 1508 1509 The installation of GCC will find these programs in that directory, 1510and copy or link them to the proper place to for the cross-compiler to 1511find them when run later. 1512 1513 The easiest way to provide these files is to build the Binutils 1514package. Configure it with the same `--host' and `--target' options 1515that you use for configuring GCC, then build and install them. They 1516install their executables automatically into the proper directory. 1517Alas, they do not support all the targets that GCC supports. 1518 1519 If you are not building a C library in the same source tree as GCC, 1520you should also provide the target libraries and headers before 1521configuring GCC, specifying the directories with `--with-sysroot' or 1522`--with-headers' and `--with-libs'. Many targets also require "start 1523files" such as `crt0.o' and `crtn.o' which are linked into each 1524executable. There may be several alternatives for `crt0.o', for use 1525with profiling or other compilation options. Check your target's 1526definition of `STARTFILE_SPEC' to find out what start files it uses. 1527 15285.3 Building in parallel 1529======================== 1530 1531GNU Make 3.79 and above, which is necessary to build GCC, support 1532building in parallel. To activate this, you can use `make -j 2' 1533instead of `make'. You can also specify a bigger number, and in most 1534cases using a value greater than the number of processors in your 1535machine will result in fewer and shorter I/O latency hits, thus 1536improving overall throughput; this is especially true for slow drives 1537and network filesystems. 1538 15395.4 Building the Ada compiler 1540============================= 1541 1542In order to build GNAT, the Ada compiler, you need a working GNAT 1543compiler (GNAT version 3.14 or later, or GCC version 3.1 or later). 1544This includes GNAT tools such as `gnatmake' and `gnatlink', since the 1545Ada front end is written in Ada and uses some GNAT-specific extensions. 1546 1547 In order to build a cross compiler, it is suggested to install the 1548new compiler as native first, and then use it to build the cross 1549compiler. 1550 1551 `configure' does not test whether the GNAT installation works and 1552has a sufficiently recent version; if too old a GNAT version is 1553installed, the build will fail unless `--enable-languages' is used to 1554disable building the Ada front end. 1555 15565.5 Building with profile feedback 1557================================== 1558 1559It is possible to use profile feedback to optimize the compiler itself. 1560This should result in a faster compiler binary. Experiments done on 1561x86 using gcc 3.3 showed approximately 7 percent speedup on compiling C 1562programs. To bootstrap the compiler with profile feedback, use `make 1563profiledbootstrap'. 1564 1565 When `make profiledbootstrap' is run, it will first build a `stage1' 1566compiler. This compiler is used to build a `stageprofile' compiler 1567instrumented to collect execution counts of instruction and branch 1568probabilities. Then runtime libraries are compiled with profile 1569collected. Finally a `stagefeedback' compiler is built using the 1570information collected. 1571 1572 Unlike standard bootstrap, several additional restrictions apply. 1573The compiler used to build `stage1' needs to support a 64-bit integral 1574type. It is recommended to only use GCC for this. Also parallel make 1575is currently not supported since collisions in profile collecting may 1576occur. 1577 1578 1579File: gccinstall.info, Node: Testing, Next: Final install, Prev: Building, Up: Installing GCC 1580 15816 Installing GCC: Testing 1582************************* 1583 1584 Before you install GCC, we encourage you to run the testsuites and to 1585compare your results with results from a similar configuration that have 1586been submitted to the gcc-testresults mailing list. Some of these 1587archived results are linked from the build status lists at 1588`http://gcc.gnu.org/buildstat.html', although not everyone who reports 1589a successful build runs the testsuites and submits the results. This 1590step is optional and may require you to download additional software, 1591but it can give you confidence in your new GCC installation or point out 1592problems before you install and start using your new GCC. 1593 1594 First, you must have downloaded the testsuites. These are part of 1595the full distribution, but if you downloaded the "core" compiler plus 1596any front ends, you must download the testsuites separately. 1597 1598 Second, you must have the testing tools installed. This includes 1599DejaGnu, Tcl, and Expect; the DejaGnu site has links to these. 1600 1601 If the directories where `runtest' and `expect' were installed are 1602not in the `PATH', you may need to set the following environment 1603variables appropriately, as in the following example (which assumes 1604that DejaGnu has been installed under `/usr/local'): 1605 1606 TCL_LIBRARY = /usr/local/share/tcl8.0 1607 DEJAGNULIBS = /usr/local/share/dejagnu 1608 1609 (On systems such as Cygwin, these paths are required to be actual 1610paths, not mounts or links; presumably this is due to some lack of 1611portability in the DejaGnu code.) 1612 1613 Finally, you can run the testsuite (which may take a long time): 1614 cd OBJDIR; make -k check 1615 1616 This will test various components of GCC, such as compiler front 1617ends and runtime libraries. While running the testsuite, DejaGnu might 1618emit some harmless messages resembling `WARNING: Couldn't find the 1619global config file.' or `WARNING: Couldn't find tool init file' that 1620can be ignored. 1621 16226.1 How can you run the testsuite on selected tests? 1623==================================================== 1624 1625In order to run sets of tests selectively, there are targets `make 1626check-gcc' and `make check-g++' in the `gcc' subdirectory of the object 1627directory. You can also just run `make check' in a subdirectory of the 1628object directory. 1629 1630 A more selective way to just run all `gcc' execute tests in the 1631testsuite is to use 1632 1633 make check-gcc RUNTESTFLAGS="execute.exp OTHER-OPTIONS" 1634 1635 Likewise, in order to run only the `g++' "old-deja" tests in the 1636testsuite with filenames matching `9805*', you would use 1637 1638 make check-g++ RUNTESTFLAGS="old-deja.exp=9805* OTHER-OPTIONS" 1639 1640 The `*.exp' files are located in the testsuite directories of the GCC 1641source, the most important ones being `compile.exp', `execute.exp', 1642`dg.exp' and `old-deja.exp'. To get a list of the possible `*.exp' 1643files, pipe the output of `make check' into a file and look at the 1644`Running ... .exp' lines. 1645 16466.2 Passing options and running multiple testsuites 1647=================================================== 1648 1649You can pass multiple options to the testsuite using the 1650`--target_board' option of DejaGNU, either passed as part of 1651`RUNTESTFLAGS', or directly to `runtest' if you prefer to work outside 1652the makefiles. For example, 1653 1654 make check-g++ RUNTESTFLAGS="--target_board=unix/-O3/-fno-strength-reduce" 1655 1656 will run the standard `g++' testsuites ("unix" is the target name 1657for a standard native testsuite situation), passing `-O3 1658-fno-strength-reduce' to the compiler on every test, i.e., slashes 1659separate options. 1660 1661 You can run the testsuites multiple times using combinations of 1662options with a syntax similar to the brace expansion of popular shells: 1663 1664 ..."--target_board=arm-sim/{-mhard-float,-msoft-float}{-O1,-O2,-O3,}" 1665 1666 (Note the empty option caused by the trailing comma in the final 1667group.) The following will run each testsuite eight times using the 1668`arm-sim' target, as if you had specified all possible combinations 1669yourself: 1670 1671 --target_board=arm-sim/-mhard-float/-O1 1672 --target_board=arm-sim/-mhard-float/-O2 1673 --target_board=arm-sim/-mhard-float/-O3 1674 --target_board=arm-sim/-mhard-float 1675 --target_board=arm-sim/-msoft-float/-O1 1676 --target_board=arm-sim/-msoft-float/-O2 1677 --target_board=arm-sim/-msoft-float/-O3 1678 --target_board=arm-sim/-msoft-float 1679 1680 They can be combined as many times as you wish, in arbitrary ways. 1681This list: 1682 1683 ..."--target_board=unix/-Wextra{-O3,-fno-strength-reduce}{-fomit-frame-pointer,}" 1684 1685 will generate four combinations, all involving `-Wextra'. 1686 1687 The disadvantage to this method is that the testsuites are run in 1688serial, which is a waste on multiprocessor systems. For users with GNU 1689Make and a shell which performs brace expansion, you can run the 1690testsuites in parallel by having the shell perform the combinations and 1691`make' do the parallel runs. Instead of using `--target_board', use a 1692special makefile target: 1693 1694 make -jN check-TESTSUITE//TEST-TARGET/OPTION1/OPTION2/... 1695 1696 For example, 1697 1698 make -j3 check-gcc//sh-hms-sim/{-m1,-m2,-m3,-m3e,-m4}/{,-nofpu} 1699 1700 will run three concurrent "make-gcc" testsuites, eventually testing 1701all ten combinations as described above. Note that this is currently 1702only supported in the `gcc' subdirectory. (To see how this works, try 1703typing `echo' before the example given here.) 1704 17056.3 Additional testing for Java Class Libraries 1706=============================================== 1707 1708The Java runtime tests can be executed via `make check' in the 1709`TARGET/libjava/testsuite' directory in the build tree. 1710 1711 The Mauve Project provides a suite of tests for the Java Class 1712Libraries. This suite can be run as part of libgcj testing by placing 1713the Mauve tree within the libjava testsuite at 1714`libjava/testsuite/libjava.mauve/mauve', or by specifying the location 1715of that tree when invoking `make', as in `make MAUVEDIR=~/mauve check'. 1716 1717 Jacks is a free testsuite that tests Java compiler front ends. This 1718suite can be run as part of libgcj testing by placing the Jacks tree 1719within the libjava testsuite at `libjava/testsuite/libjava.jacks/jacks'. 1720 17216.4 How to interpret test results 1722================================= 1723 1724The result of running the testsuite are various `*.sum' and `*.log' 1725files in the testsuite subdirectories. The `*.log' files contain a 1726detailed log of the compiler invocations and the corresponding results, 1727the `*.sum' files summarize the results. These summaries contain 1728status codes for all tests: 1729 1730 * PASS: the test passed as expected 1731 1732 * XPASS: the test unexpectedly passed 1733 1734 * FAIL: the test unexpectedly failed 1735 1736 * XFAIL: the test failed as expected 1737 1738 * UNSUPPORTED: the test is not supported on this platform 1739 1740 * ERROR: the testsuite detected an error 1741 1742 * WARNING: the testsuite detected a possible problem 1743 1744 It is normal for some tests to report unexpected failures. At the 1745current time the testing harness does not allow fine grained control 1746over whether or not a test is expected to fail. This problem should be 1747fixed in future releases. 1748 17496.5 Submitting test results 1750=========================== 1751 1752If you want to report the results to the GCC project, use the 1753`contrib/test_summary' shell script. Start it in the OBJDIR with 1754 1755 SRCDIR/contrib/test_summary -p your_commentary.txt \ 1756 -m gcc-testresults@gcc.gnu.org |sh 1757 1758 This script uses the `Mail' program to send the results, so make 1759sure it is in your `PATH'. The file `your_commentary.txt' is prepended 1760to the testsuite summary and should contain any special remarks you 1761have on your results or your build environment. Please do not edit the 1762testsuite result block or the subject line, as these messages may be 1763automatically processed. 1764 1765 1766File: gccinstall.info, Node: Final install, Prev: Testing, Up: Installing GCC 1767 17687 Installing GCC: Final installation 1769************************************ 1770 1771 Now that GCC has been built (and optionally tested), you can install 1772it with 1773 cd OBJDIR; make install 1774 1775 We strongly recommend to install into a target directory where there 1776is no previous version of GCC present. 1777 1778 That step completes the installation of GCC; user level binaries can 1779be found in `PREFIX/bin' where PREFIX is the value you specified with 1780the `--prefix' to configure (or `/usr/local' by default). (If you 1781specified `--bindir', that directory will be used instead; otherwise, 1782if you specified `--exec-prefix', `EXEC-PREFIX/bin' will be used.) 1783Headers for the C++ and Java libraries are installed in 1784`PREFIX/include'; libraries in `LIBDIR' (normally `PREFIX/lib'); 1785internal parts of the compiler in `LIBDIR/gcc' and `LIBEXECDIR/gcc'; 1786documentation in info format in `INFODIR' (normally `PREFIX/info'). 1787 1788 When installing cross-compilers, GCC's executables are not only 1789installed into `BINDIR', that is, `EXEC-PREFIX/bin', but additionally 1790into `EXEC-PREFIX/TARGET-ALIAS/bin', if that directory exists. 1791Typically, such "tooldirs" hold target-specific binutils, including 1792assembler and linker. 1793 1794 Installation into a temporary staging area or into a `chroot' jail 1795can be achieved with the command 1796 1797 make DESTDIR=PATH-TO-ROOTDIR install 1798 1799where PATH-TO-ROOTDIR is the absolute path of a directory relative to 1800which all installation paths will be interpreted. Note that the 1801directory specified by `DESTDIR' need not exist yet; it will be created 1802if necessary. 1803 1804 There is a subtle point with tooldirs and `DESTDIR': If you relocate 1805a cross-compiler installation with e.g. `DESTDIR=ROOTDIR', then the 1806directory `ROOTDIR/EXEC-PREFIX/TARGET-ALIAS/bin' will be filled with 1807duplicated GCC executables only if it already exists, it will not be 1808created otherwise. This is regarded as a feature, not as a bug, 1809because it gives slightly more control to the packagers using the 1810`DESTDIR' feature. 1811 1812 If you are bootstrapping a released version of GCC then please 1813quickly review the build status page for your release, available from 1814`http://gcc.gnu.org/buildstat.html'. If your system is not listed for 1815the version of GCC that you built, send a note to <gcc@gcc.gnu.org> 1816indicating that you successfully built and installed GCC. Include the 1817following information: 1818 1819 * Output from running `SRCDIR/config.guess'. Do not send that file 1820 itself, just the one-line output from running it. 1821 1822 * The output of `gcc -v' for your newly installed `gcc'. This tells 1823 us which version of GCC you built and the options you passed to 1824 configure. 1825 1826 * Whether you enabled all languages or a subset of them. If you 1827 used a full distribution then this information is part of the 1828 configure options in the output of `gcc -v', but if you downloaded 1829 the "core" compiler plus additional front ends then it isn't 1830 apparent which ones you built unless you tell us about it. 1831 1832 * If the build was for GNU/Linux, also include: 1833 * The distribution name and version (e.g., Red Hat 7.1 or 1834 Debian 2.2.3); this information should be available from 1835 `/etc/issue'. 1836 1837 * The version of the Linux kernel, available from `uname 1838 --version' or `uname -a'. 1839 1840 * The version of glibc you used; for RPM-based systems like Red 1841 Hat, Mandrake, and SuSE type `rpm -q glibc' to get the glibc 1842 version, and on systems like Debian and Progeny use `dpkg -l 1843 libc6'. 1844 For other systems, you can include similar information if you 1845 think it is relevant. 1846 1847 * Any other information that you think would be useful to people 1848 building GCC on the same configuration. The new entry in the 1849 build status list will include a link to the archived copy of your 1850 message. 1851 1852 We'd also like to know if the *Note host/target specific 1853installation notes: Specific. didn't include your host/target 1854information or if that information is incomplete or out of date. Send 1855a note to <gcc@gcc.gnu.org> detailing how the information should be 1856changed. 1857 1858 If you find a bug, please report it following the bug reporting 1859guidelines. 1860 1861 If you want to print the GCC manuals, do `cd OBJDIR; make dvi'. You 1862will need to have `texi2dvi' (version at least 4.4) and TeX installed. 1863This creates a number of `.dvi' files in subdirectories of `OBJDIR'; 1864these may be converted for printing with programs such as `dvips'. 1865Alternately, by using `make pdf' in place of `make dvi', you can create 1866documentation in the form of `.pdf' files; this requires `texi2pdf', 1867which is included with Texinfo version 4.8 and later. You can also buy 1868printed manuals from the Free Software Foundation, though such manuals 1869may not be for the most recent version of GCC. 1870 1871 If you would like to generate online HTML documentation, do `cd 1872OBJDIR; make html' and HTML will be generated for the gcc manuals in 1873`OBJDIR/gcc/HTML'. 1874 1875 1876File: gccinstall.info, Node: Binaries, Next: Specific, Prev: Installing GCC, Up: Top 1877 18788 Installing GCC: Binaries 1879************************** 1880 1881 We are often asked about pre-compiled versions of GCC. While we 1882cannot provide these for all platforms, below you'll find links to 1883binaries for various platforms where creating them by yourself is not 1884easy due to various reasons. 1885 1886 Please note that we did not create these binaries, nor do we support 1887them. If you have any problems installing them, please contact their 1888makers. 1889 1890 * AIX: 1891 * Bull's Freeware and Shareware Archive for AIX; 1892 1893 * UCLA Software Library for AIX. 1894 1895 * DOS--DJGPP. 1896 1897 * Renesas H8/300[HS]--GNU Development Tools for the Renesas 1898 H8/300[HS] Series. 1899 1900 * HP-UX: 1901 * HP-UX Porting Center; 1902 1903 * Binaries for HP-UX 11.00 at Aachen University of Technology. 1904 1905 * Motorola 68HC11/68HC12--GNU Development Tools for the Motorola 1906 68HC11/68HC12. 1907 1908 * SCO OpenServer/Unixware. 1909 1910 * Solaris 2 (SPARC, Intel)--Sunfreeware. 1911 1912 * SGI--SGI Freeware. 1913 1914 * Microsoft Windows: 1915 * The Cygwin project; 1916 1917 * The MinGW project. 1918 1919 * The Written Word offers binaries for AIX 4.3.2. IRIX 6.5, Digital 1920 UNIX 4.0D and 5.1, GNU/Linux (i386), HP-UX 10.20, 11.00, and 1921 11.11, and Solaris/SPARC 2.5.1, 2.6, 7, 8, and 9. 1922 1923 * OpenPKG offers binaries for quite a number of platforms. 1924 1925 * The GFortran Wiki has links to GNU Fortran binaries for several 1926 platforms. 1927 1928 In addition to those specific offerings, you can get a binary 1929distribution CD-ROM from the Free Software Foundation. It contains 1930binaries for a number of platforms, and includes not only GCC, but 1931other stuff as well. The current CD does not contain the latest 1932version of GCC, but it should allow bootstrapping the compiler. An 1933updated version of that disk is in the works. 1934 1935 1936File: gccinstall.info, Node: Specific, Next: Old, Prev: Binaries, Up: Top 1937 19389 Host/target specific installation notes for GCC 1939************************************************* 1940 1941 Please read this document carefully _before_ installing the GNU 1942Compiler Collection on your machine. 1943 1944 Note that this list of install notes is _not_ a list of supported 1945hosts or targets. Not all supported hosts and targets are listed here, 1946only the ones that require host-specific or target-specific information 1947are. 1948 1949alpha*-*-* 1950========== 1951 1952This section contains general configuration information for all 1953alpha-based platforms using ELF (in particular, ignore this section for 1954DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX and Tru64 UNIX). In addition to reading this 1955section, please read all other sections that match your target. 1956 1957 We require binutils 2.11.2 or newer. Previous binutils releases had 1958a number of problems with DWARF 2 debugging information, not the least 1959of which is incorrect linking of shared libraries. 1960 1961alpha*-dec-osf* 1962=============== 1963 1964Systems using processors that implement the DEC Alpha architecture and 1965are running the DEC/Compaq Unix (DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX, or Compaq 1966Tru64 UNIX) operating system, for example the DEC Alpha AXP systems. 1967 1968 As of GCC 3.2, versions before `alpha*-dec-osf4' are no longer 1969supported. (These are the versions which identify themselves as DEC 1970OSF/1.) 1971 1972 In Digital Unix V4.0, virtual memory exhausted bootstrap failures 1973may be fixed by configuring with `--with-gc=simple', reconfiguring 1974Kernel Virtual Memory and Swap parameters per the `/usr/sbin/sys_check' 1975Tuning Suggestions, or applying the patch in 1976`http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2002-08/msg00822.html'. 1977 1978 In Tru64 UNIX V5.1, Compaq introduced a new assembler that does not 1979currently (2001-06-13) work with `mips-tfile'. As a workaround, we 1980need to use the old assembler, invoked via the barely documented 1981`-oldas' option. To bootstrap GCC, you either need to use the Compaq C 1982Compiler: 1983 1984 % CC=cc SRCDIR/configure [OPTIONS] [TARGET] 1985 1986 or you can use a copy of GCC 2.95.3 or higher built on Tru64 UNIX 1987V4.0: 1988 1989 % CC=gcc -Wa,-oldas SRCDIR/configure [OPTIONS] [TARGET] 1990 1991 As of GNU binutils 2.11.2, neither GNU `as' nor GNU `ld' are 1992supported on Tru64 UNIX, so you must not configure GCC with 1993`--with-gnu-as' or `--with-gnu-ld'. 1994 1995 GCC writes a `.verstamp' directive to the assembler output file 1996unless it is built as a cross-compiler. It gets the version to use from 1997the system header file `/usr/include/stamp.h'. If you install a new 1998version of DEC Unix, you should rebuild GCC to pick up the new version 1999stamp. 2000 2001 Note that since the Alpha is a 64-bit architecture, cross-compilers 2002from 32-bit machines will not generate code as efficient as that 2003generated when the compiler is running on a 64-bit machine because many 2004optimizations that depend on being able to represent a word on the 2005target in an integral value on the host cannot be performed. Building 2006cross-compilers on the Alpha for 32-bit machines has only been tested in 2007a few cases and may not work properly. 2008 2009 `make compare' may fail on old versions of DEC Unix unless you add 2010`-save-temps' to `CFLAGS'. On these systems, the name of the assembler 2011input file is stored in the object file, and that makes comparison fail 2012if it differs between the `stage1' and `stage2' compilations. The 2013option `-save-temps' forces a fixed name to be used for the assembler 2014input file, instead of a randomly chosen name in `/tmp'. Do not add 2015`-save-temps' unless the comparisons fail without that option. If you 2016add `-save-temps', you will have to manually delete the `.i' and `.s' 2017files after each series of compilations. 2018 2019 GCC now supports both the native (ECOFF) debugging format used by DBX 2020and GDB and an encapsulated STABS format for use only with GDB. See the 2021discussion of the `--with-stabs' option of `configure' above for more 2022information on these formats and how to select them. 2023 2024 There is a bug in DEC's assembler that produces incorrect line 2025numbers for ECOFF format when the `.align' directive is used. To work 2026around this problem, GCC will not emit such alignment directives while 2027writing ECOFF format debugging information even if optimization is 2028being performed. Unfortunately, this has the very undesirable 2029side-effect that code addresses when `-O' is specified are different 2030depending on whether or not `-g' is also specified. 2031 2032 To avoid this behavior, specify `-gstabs+' and use GDB instead of 2033DBX. DEC is now aware of this problem with the assembler and hopes to 2034provide a fix shortly. 2035 2036alphaev5-cray-unicosmk* 2037======================= 2038 2039Cray T3E systems running Unicos/Mk. 2040 2041 This port is incomplete and has many known bugs. We hope to improve 2042the support for this target soon. Currently, only the C front end is 2043supported, and it is not possible to build parallel applications. Cray 2044modules are not supported; in particular, Craylibs are assumed to be in 2045`/opt/ctl/craylibs/craylibs'. 2046 2047 On this platform, you need to tell GCC where to find the assembler 2048and the linker. The simplest way to do so is by providing `--with-as' 2049and `--with-ld' to `configure', e.g. 2050 2051 configure --with-as=/opt/ctl/bin/cam --with-ld=/opt/ctl/bin/cld \ 2052 --enable-languages=c 2053 2054 The comparison test at the end of the bootstrapping process fails on 2055Unicos/Mk because the assembler inserts timestamps into object files. 2056You should be able to work around this by doing `make all' after 2057getting this failure. 2058 2059arc-*-elf 2060========= 2061 2062Argonaut ARC processor. This configuration is intended for embedded 2063systems. 2064 2065arm-*-elf 2066========= 2067 2068xscale-*-* 2069========== 2070 2071ARM-family processors. Subtargets that use the ELF object format 2072require GNU binutils 2.13 or newer. Such subtargets include: 2073`arm-*-freebsd', `arm-*-netbsdelf', `arm-*-*linux', `arm-*-rtems' and 2074`arm-*-kaos'. 2075 2076arm-*-coff 2077========== 2078 2079ARM-family processors. Note that there are two different varieties of 2080PE format subtarget supported: `arm-wince-pe' and `arm-pe' as well as a 2081standard COFF target `arm-*-coff'. 2082 2083arm-*-aout 2084========== 2085 2086ARM-family processors. These targets support the AOUT file format: 2087`arm-*-aout', `arm-*-netbsd'. 2088 2089avr 2090=== 2091 2092ATMEL AVR-family micro controllers. These are used in embedded 2093applications. There are no standard Unix configurations. *Note AVR 2094Options: (gcc)AVR Options, for the list of supported MCU types. 2095 2096 Use `configure --target=avr --enable-languages="c"' to configure GCC. 2097 2098 Further installation notes and other useful information about AVR 2099tools can also be obtained from: 2100 2101 * http://www.nongnu.org/avr/ 2102 2103 * http://home.overta.ru/users/denisc/ 2104 2105 * http://www.amelek.gda.pl/avr/ 2106 2107 We _strongly_ recommend using binutils 2.13 or newer. 2108 2109 The following error: 2110 Error: register required 2111 2112 indicates that you should upgrade to a newer version of the binutils. 2113 2114Blackfin 2115======== 2116 2117The Blackfin processor, an Analog Devices DSP. *Note Blackfin Options: 2118(gcc)Blackfin Options, 2119 2120 More information, and a version of binutils with support for this 2121processor, is available at `http://blackfin.uclinux.org' 2122 2123c4x 2124=== 2125 2126Texas Instruments TMS320C3x and TMS320C4x Floating Point Digital Signal 2127Processors. These are used in embedded applications. There are no 2128standard Unix configurations. *Note TMS320C3x/C4x Options: 2129(gcc)TMS320C3x/C4x Options, for the list of supported MCU types. 2130 2131 GCC can be configured as a cross compiler for both the C3x and C4x 2132architectures on the same system. Use `configure --target=c4x 2133--enable-languages="c,c++"' to configure. 2134 2135 Further installation notes and other useful information about C4x 2136tools can also be obtained from: 2137 2138 * http://www.elec.canterbury.ac.nz/c4x/ 2139 2140CRIS 2141==== 2142 2143CRIS is the CPU architecture in Axis Communications ETRAX 2144system-on-a-chip series. These are used in embedded applications. 2145 2146 *Note CRIS Options: (gcc)CRIS Options, for a list of CRIS-specific 2147options. 2148 2149 There are a few different CRIS targets: 2150`cris-axis-aout' 2151 Old target. Includes a multilib for the `elinux' a.out-based 2152 target. No multilibs for newer architecture variants. 2153 2154`cris-axis-elf' 2155 Mainly for monolithic embedded systems. Includes a multilib for 2156 the `v10' core used in `ETRAX 100 LX'. 2157 2158`cris-axis-linux-gnu' 2159 A GNU/Linux port for the CRIS architecture, currently targeting 2160 `ETRAX 100 LX' by default. 2161 2162 For `cris-axis-aout' and `cris-axis-elf' you need binutils 2.11 or 2163newer. For `cris-axis-linux-gnu' you need binutils 2.12 or newer. 2164 2165 Pre-packaged tools can be obtained from 2166`ftp://ftp.axis.com/pub/axis/tools/cris/compiler-kit/'. More 2167information about this platform is available at 2168`http://developer.axis.com/'. 2169 2170CRX 2171=== 2172 2173The CRX CompactRISC architecture is a low-power 32-bit architecture with 2174fast context switching and architectural extensibility features. 2175 2176 *Note CRX Options: (gcc)CRX Options, 2177 2178 Use `configure --target=crx-elf --enable-languages=c,c++' to 2179configure GCC for building a CRX cross-compiler. The option 2180`--target=crx-elf' is also used to build the `newlib' C library for CRX. 2181 2182 It is also possible to build libstdc++-v3 for the CRX architecture. 2183This needs to be done in a separate step with the following configure 2184settings: `gcc/libstdc++-v3/configure --host=crx-elf --with-newlib 2185--enable-sjlj-exceptions --enable-cxx-flags='-fexceptions -frtti'' 2186 2187DOS 2188=== 2189 2190Please have a look at the binaries page. 2191 2192 You cannot install GCC by itself on MSDOS; it will not compile under 2193any MSDOS compiler except itself. You need to get the complete 2194compilation package DJGPP, which includes binaries as well as sources, 2195and includes all the necessary compilation tools and libraries. 2196 2197*-*-freebsd* 2198============ 2199 2200The version of binutils installed in `/usr/bin' probably works with 2201this release of GCC. However, on FreeBSD 4, bootstrapping against the 2202latest FSF binutils is known to improve overall testsuite results; and, 2203on FreeBSD/alpha, using binutils 2.14 or later is required to build 2204libjava. 2205 2206 Support for FreeBSD 1 was discontinued in GCC 3.2. 2207 2208 Support for FreeBSD 2 will be discontinued after GCC 3.4. The 2209following was true for GCC 3.1 but the current status is unknown. For 2210FreeBSD 2 or any mutant a.out versions of FreeBSD 3: All configuration 2211support and files as shipped with GCC 2.95 are still in place. FreeBSD 22122.2.7 has been known to bootstrap completely; however, it is unknown 2213which version of binutils was used (it is assumed that it was the 2214system copy in `/usr/bin') and C++ EH failures were noted. 2215 2216 For FreeBSD using the ELF file format: DWARF 2 debugging is now the 2217default for all CPU architectures. It had been the default on 2218FreeBSD/alpha since its inception. You may use `-gstabs' instead of 2219`-g', if you really want the old debugging format. There are no known 2220issues with mixing object files and libraries with different debugging 2221formats. Otherwise, this release of GCC should now match more of the 2222configuration used in the stock FreeBSD configuration of GCC. In 2223particular, `--enable-threads' is now configured by default. However, 2224as a general user, do not attempt to replace the system compiler with 2225this release. Known to bootstrap and check with good results on 2226FreeBSD 4.9-STABLE and 5-CURRENT. In the past, known to bootstrap and 2227check with good results on FreeBSD 3.0, 3.4, 4.0, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 22284.8-STABLE. 2229 2230 In principle, `--enable-threads' is now compatible with 2231`--enable-libgcj' on FreeBSD. However, it has only been built and 2232tested on `i386-*-freebsd[45]' and `alpha-*-freebsd[45]'. The static 2233library may be incorrectly built (symbols are missing at link time). 2234There is a rare timing-based startup hang (probably involves an 2235assumption about the thread library). Multi-threaded boehm-gc 2236(required for libjava) exposes severe threaded signal-handling bugs on 2237FreeBSD before 4.5-RELEASE. Other CPU architectures supported by 2238FreeBSD will require additional configuration tuning in, at the very 2239least, both boehm-gc and libffi. 2240 2241 Shared `libgcc_s.so' is now built and installed by default. 2242 2243h8300-hms 2244========= 2245 2246Renesas H8/300 series of processors. 2247 2248 Please have a look at the binaries page. 2249 2250 The calling convention and structure layout has changed in release 22512.6. All code must be recompiled. The calling convention now passes 2252the first three arguments in function calls in registers. Structures 2253are no longer a multiple of 2 bytes. 2254 2255hppa*-hp-hpux* 2256============== 2257 2258Support for HP-UX version 9 and older was discontinued in GCC 3.4. 2259 2260 We require using gas/binutils on all hppa platforms; you may 2261encounter a variety of problems if you try to use the HP assembler. 2262 2263 Specifically, `-g' does not work on HP-UX (since that system uses a 2264peculiar debugging format which GCC does not know about), unless you 2265use GAS and GDB. It may be helpful to configure GCC with the 2266`--with-gnu-as' and `--with-as=...' options to ensure that GCC can find 2267GAS. 2268 2269 If you wish to use the pa-risc 2.0 architecture support with a 32-bit 2270runtime, you must use gas/binutils 2.11 or newer. 2271 2272 There are two default scheduling models for instructions. These are 2273PROCESSOR_7100LC and PROCESSOR_8000. They are selected from the pa-risc 2274architecture specified for the target machine when configuring. 2275PROCESSOR_8000 is the default. PROCESSOR_7100LC is selected when the 2276target is a `hppa1*' machine. 2277 2278 The PROCESSOR_8000 model is not well suited to older processors. 2279Thus, it is important to completely specify the machine architecture 2280when configuring if you want a model other than PROCESSOR_8000. The 2281macro TARGET_SCHED_DEFAULT can be defined in BOOT_CFLAGS if a different 2282default scheduling model is desired. 2283 2284 As of GCC 4.0, GCC uses the UNIX 95 namespace for HP-UX 10.10 2285through 11.00, and the UNIX 98 namespace for HP-UX 11.11 and later. 2286This namespace change might cause problems when bootstrapping with an 2287earlier version of GCC or the HP compiler as essentially the same 2288namespace is required for an entire build. This problem can be avoided 2289in a number of ways. With HP cc, `UNIX_STD' can be set to `95' or 2290`98'. Another way is to add an appropriate set of predefines to `CC'. 2291The description for the `munix=' option contains a list of the 2292predefines used with each standard. 2293 2294 As of GCC 4.1, `DWARF2' exception handling is available on HP-UX. 2295It is now the default. This exposed a bug in the handling of data 2296relocations in the GAS assembler. The handling of 64-bit data 2297relocations was seriously broken, affecting debugging and exception 2298support on all `hppa64-*-*' targets. Under some circumstances, 32-bit 2299data relocations could also be handled incorrectly. This problem is 2300fixed in GAS version 2.16.91 20051125. 2301 2302 GCC versions prior to 4.1 incorrectly passed and returned complex 2303values. They are now passed in the same manner as aggregates. 2304 2305 More specific information to `hppa*-hp-hpux*' targets follows. 2306 2307hppa*-hp-hpux10 2308=============== 2309 2310For hpux10.20, we _highly_ recommend you pick up the latest sed patch 2311`PHCO_19798' from HP. HP has two sites which provide patches free of 2312charge: 2313 2314 * `http://us.itrc.hp.com/service/home/home.do' US, Canada, 2315 Asia-Pacific, and Latin-America. 2316 2317 * `http://europe.itrc.hp.com/service/home/home.do' Europe. 2318 2319 The HP assembler on these systems has some problems. Most notably 2320the assembler inserts timestamps into each object file it creates, 2321causing the 3-stage comparison test to fail during a bootstrap. You 2322should be able to continue by saying `make all-host all-target' after 2323getting the failure from `make'. 2324 2325 GCC 4.0 requires CVS binutils as of April 28, 2004 or later. Earlier 2326versions require binutils 2.8 or later. 2327 2328 The C++ ABI has changed incompatibly in GCC 4.0. COMDAT subspaces 2329are used for one-only code and data. This resolves many of the previous 2330problems in using C++ on this target. However, the ABI is not 2331compatible with the one implemented under HP-UX 11 using secondary 2332definitions. 2333 2334hppa*-hp-hpux11 2335=============== 2336 2337GCC 3.0 and up support HP-UX 11. GCC 2.95.x is not supported and cannot 2338be used to compile GCC 3.0 and up. 2339 2340 Refer to binaries for information about obtaining precompiled GCC 2341binaries for HP-UX. Precompiled binaries must be obtained to build the 2342Ada language as it can't be bootstrapped using C. Ada is only 2343available for the 32-bit PA-RISC runtime. The libffi and libjava 2344haven't been ported to HP-UX and don't build. 2345 2346 Starting with GCC 3.4 an ISO C compiler is required to bootstrap. 2347The bundled compiler supports only traditional C; you will need either 2348HP's unbundled compiler, or a binary distribution of GCC. 2349 2350 It is possible to build GCC 3.3 starting with the bundled HP 2351compiler, but the process requires several steps. GCC 3.3 can then be 2352used to build later versions. The fastjar program contains ISO C code 2353and can't be built with the HP bundled compiler. This problem can be 2354avoided by not building the Java language. For example, use the 2355`--enable-languages="c,c++,f77,objc"' option in your configure command. 2356 2357 There are several possible approaches to building the distribution. 2358Binutils can be built first using the HP tools. Then, the GCC 2359distribution can be built. The second approach is to build GCC first 2360using the HP tools, then build binutils, then rebuild GCC. There have 2361been problems with various binary distributions, so it is best not to 2362start from a binary distribution. 2363 2364 On 64-bit capable systems, there are two distinct targets. Different 2365installation prefixes must be used if both are to be installed on the 2366same system. The `hppa[1-2]*-hp-hpux11*' target generates code for the 236732-bit PA-RISC runtime architecture and uses the HP linker. The 2368`hppa64-hp-hpux11*' target generates 64-bit code for the PA-RISC 2.0 2369architecture. The HP and GNU linkers are both supported for this 2370target. 2371 2372 The script config.guess now selects the target type based on the 2373compiler detected during configuration. You must define `PATH' or `CC' 2374so that configure finds an appropriate compiler for the initial 2375bootstrap. When `CC' is used, the definition should contain the 2376options that are needed whenever `CC' is used. 2377 2378 Specifically, options that determine the runtime architecture must be 2379in `CC' to correctly select the target for the build. It is also 2380convenient to place many other compiler options in `CC'. For example, 2381`CC="cc -Ac +DA2.0W -Wp,-H16376 -D_CLASSIC_TYPES -D_HPUX_SOURCE"' can 2382be used to bootstrap the GCC 3.3 branch with the HP compiler in 64-bit 2383K&R/bundled mode. The `+DA2.0W' option will result in the automatic 2384selection of the `hppa64-hp-hpux11*' target. The macro definition 2385table of cpp needs to be increased for a successful build with the HP 2386compiler. _CLASSIC_TYPES and _HPUX_SOURCE need to be defined when 2387building with the bundled compiler, or when using the `-Ac' option. 2388These defines aren't necessary with `-Ae'. 2389 2390 It is best to explicitly configure the `hppa64-hp-hpux11*' target 2391with the `--with-ld=...' option. This overrides the standard search 2392for ld. The two linkers supported on this target require different 2393commands. The default linker is determined during configuration. As a 2394result, it's not possible to switch linkers in the middle of a GCC 2395build. This has been been reported to sometimes occur in unified 2396builds of binutils and GCC. 2397 2398 GCC 3.0 through 3.2 require binutils 2.11 or above. GCC 3.3 through 2399GCC 4.0 require binutils 2.14 or later. 2400 2401 Although the HP assembler can be used for an initial build, it 2402shouldn't be used with any languages other than C and perhaps Fortran 2403due to its many limitations. For example, it does not support weak 2404symbols or alias definitions. As a result, explicit template 2405instantiations are required when using C++. This makes it difficult if 2406not impossible to build many C++ applications. You can't generate 2407debugging information when using the HP assembler. Finally, 2408bootstrapping fails in the final comparison of object modules due to 2409the time stamps that it inserts into the modules. The bootstrap can be 2410continued from this point with `make all-host all-target'. 2411 2412 A recent linker patch must be installed for the correct operation of 2413GCC 3.3 and later. `PHSS_26559' and `PHSS_24304' are the oldest linker 2414patches that are known to work. They are for HP-UX 11.00 and 11.11, 2415respectively. `PHSS_24303', the companion to `PHSS_24304', might be 2416usable but it hasn't been tested. These patches have been superseded. 2417Consult the HP patch database to obtain the currently recommended 2418linker patch for your system. 2419 2420 The patches are necessary for the support of weak symbols on the 242132-bit port, and for the running of initializers and finalizers. Weak 2422symbols are implemented using SOM secondary definition symbols. Prior 2423to HP-UX 11, there are bugs in the linker support for secondary symbols. 2424The patches correct a problem of linker core dumps creating shared 2425libraries containing secondary symbols, as well as various other 2426linking issues involving secondary symbols. 2427 2428 GCC 3.3 uses the ELF DT_INIT_ARRAY and DT_FINI_ARRAY capabilities to 2429run initializers and finalizers on the 64-bit port. The 32-bit port 2430uses the linker `+init' and `+fini' options for the same purpose. The 2431patches correct various problems with the +init/+fini options, 2432including program core dumps. Binutils 2.14 corrects a problem on the 243364-bit port resulting from HP's non-standard use of the .init and .fini 2434sections for array initializers and finalizers. 2435 2436 There are a number of issues to consider in selecting which linker to 2437use with the 64-bit port. The GNU 64-bit linker can only create dynamic 2438binaries. The `-static' option causes linking with archive libraries 2439but doesn't produce a truly static binary. Dynamic binaries still 2440require final binding by the dynamic loader to resolve a set of 2441dynamic-loader-defined symbols. The default behavior of the HP linker 2442is the same as the GNU linker. However, it can generate true 64-bit 2443static binaries using the `+compat' option. 2444 2445 The HP 64-bit linker doesn't support linkonce semantics. As a 2446result, C++ programs have many more sections than they should. 2447 2448 The GNU 64-bit linker has some issues with shared library support 2449and exceptions. As a result, we only support libgcc in archive format. 2450For similar reasons, dwarf2 unwind and exception support are disabled. 2451The GNU linker also has problems creating binaries with `-static'. It 2452doesn't provide stubs for internal calls to global functions in shared 2453libraries, so these calls can't be overloaded. 2454 2455 Thread support is not implemented in GCC 3.0 through 3.2, so the 2456`--enable-threads' configure option does not work. In 3.3 and later, 2457POSIX threads are supported. The optional DCE thread library is not 2458supported. 2459 2460 This port still is undergoing significant development. 2461 2462*-*-linux-gnu 2463============= 2464 2465Versions of libstdc++-v3 starting with 3.2.1 require bugfixes present 2466in glibc 2.2.5 and later. More information is available in the 2467libstdc++-v3 documentation. 2468 2469i?86-*-linux*aout 2470================= 2471 2472Use this configuration to generate `a.out' binaries on Linux-based GNU 2473systems. This configuration is being superseded. 2474 2475i?86-*-linux* 2476============= 2477 2478As of GCC 3.3, binutils 2.13.1 or later is required for this platform. 2479See bug 10877 for more information. 2480 2481 If you receive Signal 11 errors when building on GNU/Linux, then it 2482is possible you have a hardware problem. Further information on this 2483can be found on www.bitwizard.nl. 2484 2485i?86-*-sco3.2v5* 2486================ 2487 2488Use this for the SCO OpenServer Release 5 family of operating systems. 2489 2490 Unlike earlier versions of GCC, the ability to generate COFF with 2491this target is no longer provided. 2492 2493 Earlier versions of GCC emitted DWARF 1 when generating ELF to allow 2494the system debugger to be used. That support was too burdensome to 2495maintain. GCC now emits only DWARF 2 for this target. This means you 2496may use either the UDK debugger or GDB to debug programs built by this 2497version of GCC. 2498 2499 GCC is now only supported on releases 5.0.4 and later, and requires 2500that you install Support Level Supplement OSS646B or later, and Support 2501Level Supplement OSS631C or later. If you are using release 5.0.7 of 2502OpenServer, you must have at least the first maintenance pack installed 2503(this includes the relevant portions of OSS646). OSS646, also known as 2504the "Execution Environment Update", provides updated link editors and 2505assemblers, as well as updated standard C and math libraries. The C 2506startup modules are also updated to support the System V gABI draft, and 2507GCC relies on that behavior. OSS631 provides a collection of commonly 2508used open source libraries, some of which GCC depends on (such as GNU 2509gettext and zlib). SCO OpenServer Release 5.0.7 has all of this built 2510in by default, but OSS631C and later also apply to that release. Please 2511visit ftp://ftp.sco.com/pub/openserver5 for the latest versions of 2512these (and other potentially useful) supplements. 2513 2514 Although there is support for using the native assembler, it is 2515recommended that you configure GCC to use the GNU assembler. You do 2516this by using the flags `--with-gnu-as'. You should use a modern 2517version of GNU binutils. Version 2.13.2.1 was used for all testing. 2518In general, only the `--with-gnu-as' option is tested. A modern 2519bintuils (as well as a plethora of other development related GNU 2520utilities) can be found in Support Level Supplement OSS658A, the "GNU 2521Development Tools" package. See the SCO web and ftp sites for details. 2522That package also contains the currently "officially supported" version 2523of GCC, version 2.95.3. It is useful for bootstrapping this version. 2524 2525i?86-*-solaris2.10 2526================== 2527 2528Use this for Solaris 10 or later on x86 and x86-64 systems. This 2529configuration is supported by GCC 4.0 and later versions only. 2530 2531 It is recommended that you configure GCC to use the GNU assembler in 2532`/usr/sfw/bin/gas' but the Sun linker, using the options `--with-gnu-as 2533--with-as=/usr/sfw/bin/gas --without-gnu-ld --with-ld=/usr/ccs/bin/ld'. 2534 2535i?86-*-udk 2536========== 2537 2538This target emulates the SCO Universal Development Kit and requires that 2539package be installed. (If it is installed, you will have a 2540`/udk/usr/ccs/bin/cc' file present.) It's very much like the 2541`i?86-*-unixware7*' target but is meant to be used when hosting on a 2542system where UDK isn't the default compiler such as OpenServer 5 or 2543Unixware 2. This target will generate binaries that will run on 2544OpenServer, Unixware 2, or Unixware 7, with the same warnings and 2545caveats as the SCO UDK. 2546 2547 This target is a little tricky to build because we have to 2548distinguish it from the native tools (so it gets headers, startups, and 2549libraries from the right place) while making the tools not think we're 2550actually building a cross compiler. The easiest way to do this is 2551with a configure command like this: 2552 2553 CC=/udk/usr/ccs/bin/cc /YOUR/PATH/TO/gcc/configure \ 2554 --host=i686-pc-udk --target=i686-pc-udk --program-prefix=udk- 2555 2556 _You should substitute `i686' in the above command with the 2557appropriate processor for your host._ 2558 2559 After the usual `make' and `make install', you can then access the 2560UDK-targeted GCC tools by adding `udk-' before the commonly known name. 2561For example, to invoke the C compiler, you would use `udk-gcc'. They 2562will coexist peacefully with any native-target GCC tools you may have 2563installed. 2564 2565ia64-*-linux 2566============ 2567 2568IA-64 processor (also known as IPF, or Itanium Processor Family) 2569running GNU/Linux. 2570 2571 If you are using the installed system libunwind library with 2572`--with-system-libunwind', then you must use libunwind 0.98 or later. 2573 2574 None of the following versions of GCC has an ABI that is compatible 2575with any of the other versions in this list, with the exception that 2576Red Hat 2.96 and Trillian 000171 are compatible with each other: 3.1, 25773.0.2, 3.0.1, 3.0, Red Hat 2.96, and Trillian 000717. This primarily 2578affects C++ programs and programs that create shared libraries. GCC 25793.1 or later is recommended for compiling linux, the kernel. As of 2580version 3.1 GCC is believed to be fully ABI compliant, and hence no 2581more major ABI changes are expected. 2582 2583ia64-*-hpux* 2584============ 2585 2586Building GCC on this target requires the GNU Assembler. The bundled HP 2587assembler will not work. To prevent GCC from using the wrong assembler, 2588the option `--with-gnu-as' may be necessary. 2589 2590 The GCC libunwind library has not been ported to HPUX. This means 2591that for GCC versions 3.2.3 and earlier, `--enable-libunwind-exceptions' 2592is required to build GCC. For GCC 3.3 and later, this is the default. 2593For gcc 3.4.3 and later, `--enable-libunwind-exceptions' is removed and 2594the system libunwind library will always be used. 2595 2596*-ibm-aix* 2597========== 2598 2599Support for AIX version 3 and older was discontinued in GCC 3.4. 2600 2601 "out of memory" bootstrap failures may indicate a problem with 2602process resource limits (ulimit). Hard limits are configured in the 2603`/etc/security/limits' system configuration file. 2604 2605 To speed up the configuration phases of bootstrapping and installing 2606GCC, one may use GNU Bash instead of AIX `/bin/sh', e.g., 2607 2608 % CONFIG_SHELL=/opt/freeware/bin/bash 2609 % export CONFIG_SHELL 2610 2611 and then proceed as described in the build instructions, where we 2612strongly recommend specifying an absolute path to invoke 2613SRCDIR/configure. 2614 2615 Because GCC on AIX is built as a 32-bit executable by default, 2616(although it can generate 64-bit programs) the GMP and MPFR libraries 2617required by gfortran must be 32-bit libraries. Building GMP and MPFR 2618as static archive libraries works better than shared libraries. 2619 2620 Errors involving `alloca' when building GCC generally are due to an 2621incorrect definition of `CC' in the Makefile or mixing files compiled 2622with the native C compiler and GCC. During the stage1 phase of the 2623build, the native AIX compiler *must* be invoked as `cc' (not `xlc'). 2624Once `configure' has been informed of `xlc', one needs to use `make 2625distclean' to remove the configure cache files and ensure that `CC' 2626environment variable does not provide a definition that will confuse 2627`configure'. If this error occurs during stage2 or later, then the 2628problem most likely is the version of Make (see above). 2629 2630 The native `as' and `ld' are recommended for bootstrapping on AIX 4 2631and required for bootstrapping on AIX 5L. The GNU Assembler reports 2632that it supports WEAK symbols on AIX 4, which causes GCC to try to 2633utilize weak symbol functionality although it is not supported. The GNU 2634Assembler and Linker do not support AIX 5L sufficiently to bootstrap 2635GCC. The native AIX tools do interoperate with GCC. 2636 2637 Building `libstdc++.a' requires a fix for an AIX Assembler bug APAR 2638IY26685 (AIX 4.3) or APAR IY25528 (AIX 5.1). It also requires a fix 2639for another AIX Assembler bug and a co-dependent AIX Archiver fix 2640referenced as APAR IY53606 (AIX 5.2) or a APAR IY54774 (AIX 5.1) 2641 2642 `libstdc++' in GCC 3.4 increments the major version number of the 2643shared object and GCC installation places the `libstdc++.a' shared 2644library in a common location which will overwrite the and GCC 3.3 2645version of the shared library. Applications either need to be 2646re-linked against the new shared library or the GCC 3.1 and GCC 3.3 2647versions of the `libstdc++' shared object needs to be available to the 2648AIX runtime loader. The GCC 3.1 `libstdc++.so.4', if present, and GCC 26493.3 `libstdc++.so.5' shared objects can be installed for runtime 2650dynamic loading using the following steps to set the `F_LOADONLY' flag 2651in the shared object for _each_ multilib `libstdc++.a' installed: 2652 2653 Extract the shared objects from the currently installed 2654`libstdc++.a' archive: 2655 % ar -x libstdc++.a libstdc++.so.4 libstdc++.so.5 2656 2657 Enable the `F_LOADONLY' flag so that the shared object will be 2658available for runtime dynamic loading, but not linking: 2659 % strip -e libstdc++.so.4 libstdc++.so.5 2660 2661 Archive the runtime-only shared object in the GCC 3.4 `libstdc++.a' 2662archive: 2663 % ar -q libstdc++.a libstdc++.so.4 libstdc++.so.5 2664 2665 Linking executables and shared libraries may produce warnings of 2666duplicate symbols. The assembly files generated by GCC for AIX always 2667have included multiple symbol definitions for certain global variable 2668and function declarations in the original program. The warnings should 2669not prevent the linker from producing a correct library or runnable 2670executable. 2671 2672 AIX 4.3 utilizes a "large format" archive to support both 32-bit and 267364-bit object modules. The routines provided in AIX 4.3.0 and AIX 4.3.1 2674to parse archive libraries did not handle the new format correctly. 2675These routines are used by GCC and result in error messages during 2676linking such as "not a COFF file". The version of the routines shipped 2677with AIX 4.3.1 should work for a 32-bit environment. The `-g' option 2678of the archive command may be used to create archives of 32-bit objects 2679using the original "small format". A correct version of the routines 2680is shipped with AIX 4.3.2 and above. 2681 2682 Some versions of the AIX binder (linker) can fail with a relocation 2683overflow severe error when the `-bbigtoc' option is used to link 2684GCC-produced object files into an executable that overflows the TOC. A 2685fix for APAR IX75823 (OVERFLOW DURING LINK WHEN USING GCC AND -BBIGTOC) 2686is available from IBM Customer Support and from its 2687techsupport.services.ibm.com website as PTF U455193. 2688 2689 The AIX 4.3.2.1 linker (bos.rte.bind_cmds Level 4.3.2.1) will dump 2690core with a segmentation fault when invoked by any version of GCC. A 2691fix for APAR IX87327 is available from IBM Customer Support and from its 2692techsupport.services.ibm.com website as PTF U461879. This fix is 2693incorporated in AIX 4.3.3 and above. 2694 2695 The initial assembler shipped with AIX 4.3.0 generates incorrect 2696object files. A fix for APAR IX74254 (64BIT DISASSEMBLED OUTPUT FROM 2697COMPILER FAILS TO ASSEMBLE/BIND) is available from IBM Customer Support 2698and from its techsupport.services.ibm.com website as PTF U453956. This 2699fix is incorporated in AIX 4.3.1 and above. 2700 2701 AIX provides National Language Support (NLS). Compilers and 2702assemblers use NLS to support locale-specific representations of 2703various data formats including floating-point numbers (e.g., `.' vs 2704`,' for separating decimal fractions). There have been problems 2705reported where GCC does not produce the same floating-point formats 2706that the assembler expects. If one encounters this problem, set the 2707`LANG' environment variable to `C' or `En_US'. 2708 2709 By default, GCC for AIX 4.1 and above produces code that can be used 2710on both Power or PowerPC processors. 2711 2712 A default can be specified with the `-mcpu=CPU_TYPE' switch and 2713using the configure option `--with-cpu-CPU_TYPE'. 2714 2715iq2000-*-elf 2716============ 2717 2718Vitesse IQ2000 processors. These are used in embedded applications. 2719There are no standard Unix configurations. 2720 2721m32c-*-elf 2722========== 2723 2724Renesas M32C processor. This configuration is intended for embedded 2725systems. 2726 2727m32r-*-elf 2728========== 2729 2730Renesas M32R processor. This configuration is intended for embedded 2731systems. 2732 2733m6811-elf 2734========= 2735 2736Motorola 68HC11 family micro controllers. These are used in embedded 2737applications. There are no standard Unix configurations. 2738 2739m6812-elf 2740========= 2741 2742Motorola 68HC12 family micro controllers. These are used in embedded 2743applications. There are no standard Unix configurations. 2744 2745m68k-hp-hpux 2746============ 2747 2748HP 9000 series 300 or 400 running HP-UX. HP-UX version 8.0 has a bug in 2749the assembler that prevents compilation of GCC. This bug manifests 2750itself during the first stage of compilation, while building 2751`libgcc2.a': 2752 2753 _floatdisf 2754 cc1: warning: `-g' option not supported on this version of GCC 2755 cc1: warning: `-g1' option not supported on this version of GCC 2756 ./xgcc: Internal compiler error: program as got fatal signal 11 2757 2758 A patched version of the assembler is available as the file 2759`ftp://altdorf.ai.mit.edu/archive/cph/hpux-8.0-assembler'. If you have 2760HP software support, the patch can also be obtained directly from HP, 2761as described in the following note: 2762 2763 This is the patched assembler, to patch SR#1653-010439, where the 2764 assembler aborts on floating point constants. 2765 2766 The bug is not really in the assembler, but in the shared library 2767 version of the function "cvtnum(3c)". The bug on "cvtnum(3c)" is 2768 SR#4701-078451. Anyway, the attached assembler uses the archive 2769 library version of "cvtnum(3c)" and thus does not exhibit the bug. 2770 2771 This patch is also known as PHCO_4484. 2772 2773 In addition gdb does not understand that native HP-UX format, so you 2774must use gas if you wish to use gdb. 2775 2776 On HP-UX version 8.05, but not on 8.07 or more recent versions, the 2777`fixproto' shell script triggers a bug in the system shell. If you 2778encounter this problem, upgrade your operating system or use BASH (the 2779GNU shell) to run `fixproto'. This bug will cause the fixproto program 2780to report an error of the form: 2781 2782 ./fixproto: sh internal 1K buffer overflow 2783 2784 To fix this, you can also change the first line of the fixproto 2785script to look like: 2786 2787 #!/bin/ksh 2788 2789mips-*-* 2790======== 2791 2792If on a MIPS system you get an error message saying "does not have gp 2793sections for all it's [sic] sectons [sic]", don't worry about it. This 2794happens whenever you use GAS with the MIPS linker, but there is not 2795really anything wrong, and it is okay to use the output file. You can 2796stop such warnings by installing the GNU linker. 2797 2798 It would be nice to extend GAS to produce the gp tables, but they are 2799optional, and there should not be a warning about their absence. 2800 2801 The libstdc++ atomic locking routines for MIPS targets requires MIPS 2802II and later. A patch went in just after the GCC 3.3 release to make 2803`mips*-*-*' use the generic implementation instead. You can also 2804configure for `mipsel-elf' as a workaround. The `mips*-*-linux*' 2805target continues to use the MIPS II routines. More work on this is 2806expected in future releases. 2807 2808 MIPS systems check for division by zero (unless 2809`-mno-check-zero-division' is passed to the compiler) by generating 2810either a conditional trap or a break instruction. Using trap results 2811in smaller code, but is only supported on MIPS II and later. Also, 2812some versions of the Linux kernel have a bug that prevents trap from 2813generating the proper signal (`SIGFPE'). To enable the use of break, 2814use the `--with-divide=breaks' `configure' option when configuring GCC. 2815The default is to use traps on systems that support them. 2816 2817 Cross-compilers for the MIPS as target using the MIPS assembler 2818currently do not work, because the auxiliary programs `mips-tdump.c' 2819and `mips-tfile.c' can't be compiled on anything but a MIPS. It does 2820work to cross compile for a MIPS if you use the GNU assembler and 2821linker. 2822 2823 The assembler from GNU binutils 2.17 and earlier has a bug in the way 2824it sorts relocations for REL targets (o32, o64, EABI). This can cause 2825bad code to be generated for simple C++ programs. Also the linker from 2826GNU binutils versions prior to 2.17 has a bug which causes the runtime 2827linker stubs in very large programs, like `libgcj.so', to be 2828incorrectly generated. Binutils CVS snapshots and releases made after 2829Nov. 9, 2006 are thought to be free from both of these problems. 2830 2831mips-sgi-irix5 2832============== 2833 2834In order to compile GCC on an SGI running IRIX 5, the `compiler_dev.hdr' 2835subsystem must be installed from the IDO CD-ROM supplied by SGI. It is 2836also available for download from 2837`ftp://ftp.sgi.com/sgi/IRIX5.3/iris-development-option-5.3.tardist'. 2838 2839 If you use the MIPS C compiler to bootstrap, it may be necessary to 2840increase its table size for switch statements with the `-Wf,-XNg1500' 2841option. If you use the `-O2' optimization option, you also need to use 2842`-Olimit 3000'. 2843 2844 To enable debugging under IRIX 5, you must use GNU binutils 2.15 or 2845later, and use the `--with-gnu-ld' `configure' option when configuring 2846GCC. You need to use GNU `ar' and `nm', also distributed with GNU 2847binutils. 2848 2849 Some users have reported that `/bin/sh' will hang during bootstrap. 2850This problem can be avoided by running the commands: 2851 2852 % CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/ksh 2853 % export CONFIG_SHELL 2854 2855 before starting the build. 2856 2857mips-sgi-irix6 2858============== 2859 2860If you are using SGI's MIPSpro `cc' as your bootstrap compiler, you must 2861ensure that the N32 ABI is in use. To test this, compile a simple C 2862file with `cc' and then run `file' on the resulting object file. The 2863output should look like: 2864 2865 test.o: ELF N32 MSB ... 2866 2867 If you see: 2868 2869 test.o: ELF 32-bit MSB ... 2870 2871 or 2872 2873 test.o: ELF 64-bit MSB ... 2874 2875 then your version of `cc' uses the O32 or N64 ABI by default. You 2876should set the environment variable `CC' to `cc -n32' before 2877configuring GCC. 2878 2879 If you want the resulting `gcc' to run on old 32-bit systems with 2880the MIPS R4400 CPU, you need to ensure that only code for the `mips3' 2881instruction set architecture (ISA) is generated. While GCC 3.x does 2882this correctly, both GCC 2.95 and SGI's MIPSpro `cc' may change the ISA 2883depending on the machine where GCC is built. Using one of them as the 2884bootstrap compiler may result in `mips4' code, which won't run at all 2885on `mips3'-only systems. For the test program above, you should see: 2886 2887 test.o: ELF N32 MSB mips-3 ... 2888 2889 If you get: 2890 2891 test.o: ELF N32 MSB mips-4 ... 2892 2893 instead, you should set the environment variable `CC' to `cc -n32 2894-mips3' or `gcc -mips3' respectively before configuring GCC. 2895 2896 MIPSpro C 7.4 may cause bootstrap failures, due to a bug when 2897inlining `memcmp'. Either add `-U__INLINE_INTRINSICS' to the `CC' 2898environment variable as a workaround or upgrade to MIPSpro C 7.4.1m. 2899 2900 GCC on IRIX 6 is usually built to support the N32, O32 and N64 ABIs. 2901If you build GCC on a system that doesn't have the N64 libraries 2902installed or cannot run 64-bit binaries, you need to configure with 2903`--disable-multilib' so GCC doesn't try to use them. This will disable 2904building the O32 libraries, too. Look for `/usr/lib64/libc.so.1' to 2905see if you have the 64-bit libraries installed. 2906 2907 To enable debugging for the O32 ABI, you must use GNU `as' from GNU 2908binutils 2.15 or later. You may also use GNU `ld', but this is not 2909required and currently causes some problems with Ada. 2910 2911 The `--enable-threads' option doesn't currently work, a patch is in 2912preparation for a future release. The `--enable-libgcj' option is 2913disabled by default: IRIX 6 uses a very low default limit (20480) for 2914the command line length. Although `libtool' contains a workaround for 2915this problem, at least the N64 `libgcj' is known not to build despite 2916this, running into an internal error of the native `ld'. A sure fix is 2917to increase this limit (`ncargs') to its maximum of 262144 bytes. If 2918you have root access, you can use the `systune' command to do this. 2919 2920 `wchar_t' support in `libstdc++' is not available for old IRIX 6.5.x 2921releases, x < 19. The problem cannot be autodetected and in order to 2922build GCC for such targets you need to configure with 2923`--disable-wchar_t'. 2924 2925 See `http://freeware.sgi.com/' for more information about using GCC 2926on IRIX platforms. 2927 2928powerpc-*-* 2929=========== 2930 2931You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu=CPU_TYPE' switch by 2932using the configure option `--with-cpu-CPU_TYPE'. 2933 2934powerpc-*-darwin* 2935================= 2936 2937PowerPC running Darwin (Mac OS X kernel). 2938 2939 Pre-installed versions of Mac OS X may not include any developer 2940tools, meaning that you will not be able to build GCC from source. Tool 2941binaries are available at 2942`http://developer.apple.com/darwin/projects/compiler/' (free 2943registration required). 2944 2945 This version of GCC requires at least cctools-590.7. 2946 2947 The version of GCC shipped by Apple typically includes a number of 2948extensions not available in a standard GCC release. These extensions 2949are generally for backwards compatibility and best avoided. 2950 2951powerpc-*-elf, powerpc-*-sysv4 2952============================== 2953 2954PowerPC system in big endian mode, running System V.4. 2955 2956powerpc*-*-linux-gnu* 2957===================== 2958 2959You will need binutils 2.15 or newer for a working GCC. 2960 2961powerpc-*-netbsd* 2962================= 2963 2964PowerPC system in big endian mode running NetBSD. To build the 2965documentation you will need Texinfo version 4.4 (NetBSD 1.5.1 included 2966Texinfo version 3.12). 2967 2968powerpc-*-eabisim 2969================= 2970 2971Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode for use in running under the 2972PSIM simulator. 2973 2974powerpc-*-eabi 2975============== 2976 2977Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode. 2978 2979powerpcle-*-elf, powerpcle-*-sysv4 2980================================== 2981 2982PowerPC system in little endian mode, running System V.4. 2983 2984powerpcle-*-eabisim 2985=================== 2986 2987Embedded PowerPC system in little endian mode for use in running under 2988the PSIM simulator. 2989 2990powerpcle-*-eabi 2991================ 2992 2993Embedded PowerPC system in little endian mode. 2994 2995s390-*-linux* 2996============= 2997 2998S/390 system running GNU/Linux for S/390. 2999 3000s390x-*-linux* 3001============== 3002 3003zSeries system (64-bit) running GNU/Linux for zSeries. 3004 3005s390x-ibm-tpf* 3006============== 3007 3008zSeries system (64-bit) running TPF. This platform is supported as 3009cross-compilation target only. 3010 3011*-*-solaris2* 3012============= 3013 3014Sun does not ship a C compiler with Solaris 2. To bootstrap and install 3015GCC you first have to install a pre-built compiler, see the binaries 3016page for details. 3017 3018 The Solaris 2 `/bin/sh' will often fail to configure `libstdc++-v3', 3019`boehm-gc' or `libjava'. We therefore recommend using the following 3020initial sequence of commands 3021 3022 % CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/ksh 3023 % export CONFIG_SHELL 3024 3025 and proceed as described in the configure instructions. In addition 3026we strongly recommend specifying an absolute path to invoke 3027SRCDIR/configure. 3028 3029 Solaris 2 comes with a number of optional OS packages. Some of these 3030are needed to use GCC fully, namely `SUNWarc', `SUNWbtool', `SUNWesu', 3031`SUNWhea', `SUNWlibm', `SUNWsprot', and `SUNWtoo'. If you did not 3032install all optional packages when installing Solaris 2, you will need 3033to verify that the packages that GCC needs are installed. 3034 3035 To check whether an optional package is installed, use the `pkginfo' 3036command. To add an optional package, use the `pkgadd' command. For 3037further details, see the Solaris 2 documentation. 3038 3039 Trying to use the linker and other tools in `/usr/ucb' to install 3040GCC has been observed to cause trouble. For example, the linker may 3041hang indefinitely. The fix is to remove `/usr/ucb' from your `PATH'. 3042 3043 The build process works more smoothly with the legacy Sun tools so, 3044if you have `/usr/xpg4/bin' in your `PATH', we recommend that you place 3045`/usr/bin' before `/usr/xpg4/bin' for the duration of the build. 3046 3047 All releases of GNU binutils prior to 2.11.2 have known bugs on this 3048platform. We recommend the use of GNU binutils 2.11.2 or later, or the 3049vendor tools (Sun `as', Sun `ld'). Note that your mileage may vary if 3050you use a combination of the GNU tools and the Sun tools: while the 3051combination GNU `as' + Sun `ld' should reasonably work, the reverse 3052combination Sun `as' + GNU `ld' is known to cause memory corruption at 3053runtime in some cases for C++ programs. 3054 3055 The stock GNU binutils 2.15 release is broken on this platform 3056because of a single bug. It has been fixed on the 2.15 branch in the 3057CVS repository. You can obtain a working version by checking out the 3058binutils-2_15-branch from the CVS repository or applying the patch 3059`http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils-cvs/2004-09/msg00036.html' to the 3060release. 3061 3062 We recommend using GNU binutils 2.16 or later in conjunction with 3063GCC 4.x, or the vendor tools (Sun `as', Sun `ld'). However, for 3064Solaris 10 and above, an additional patch is required in order for the 3065GNU linker to be able to cope with a new flavor of shared libraries. 3066You can obtain a working version by checking out the 3067binutils-2_16-branch from the CVS repository or applying the patch 3068`http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils-cvs/2005-07/msg00122.html' to the 3069release. 3070 3071 Sun bug 4296832 turns up when compiling X11 headers with GCC 2.95 or 3072newer: `g++' will complain that types are missing. These headers assume 3073that omitting the type means `int'; this assumption worked for C89 but 3074is wrong for C++, and is now wrong for C99 also. 3075 3076 `g++' accepts such (invalid) constructs with the option 3077`-fpermissive'; it will assume that any missing type is `int' (as 3078defined by C89). 3079 3080 There are patches for Solaris 2.6 (105633-56 or newer for SPARC, 3081106248-42 or newer for Intel), Solaris 7 (108376-21 or newer for SPARC, 3082108377-20 for Intel), and Solaris 8 (108652-24 or newer for SPARC, 3083108653-22 for Intel) that fix this bug. 3084 3085 Sun bug 4927647 sometimes causes random spurious testsuite failures 3086related to missing diagnostic output. This bug doesn't affect GCC 3087itself, rather it is a kernel bug triggered by the `expect' program 3088which is used only by the GCC testsuite driver. When the bug causes 3089the `expect' program to miss anticipated output, extra testsuite 3090failures appear. 3091 3092 There are patches for Solaris 8 (117350-12 or newer for SPARC, 3093117351-12 or newer for Intel) and Solaris 9 (117171-11 or newer for 3094SPARC, 117172-11 or newer for Intel) that address this problem. 3095 3096sparc-sun-solaris2* 3097=================== 3098 3099When GCC is configured to use binutils 2.11.2 or later the binaries 3100produced are smaller than the ones produced using Sun's native tools; 3101this difference is quite significant for binaries containing debugging 3102information. 3103 3104 Sun `as' 4.x is broken in that it cannot cope with long symbol names. 3105A typical error message might look similar to the following: 3106 3107 /usr/ccs/bin/as: "/var/tmp/ccMsw135.s", line 11041: error: 3108 can't compute value of an expression involving an external symbol. 3109 3110 This is Sun bug 4237974. This is fixed with patch 108908-02 for 3111Solaris 2.6 and has been fixed in later (5.x) versions of the assembler, 3112starting with Solaris 7. 3113 3114 Starting with Solaris 7, the operating system is capable of executing 311564-bit SPARC V9 binaries. GCC 3.1 and later properly supports this; 3116the `-m64' option enables 64-bit code generation. However, if all you 3117want is code tuned for the UltraSPARC CPU, you should try the 3118`-mtune=ultrasparc' option instead, which produces code that, unlike 3119full 64-bit code, can still run on non-UltraSPARC machines. 3120 3121 When configuring on a Solaris 7 or later system that is running a 3122kernel that supports only 32-bit binaries, one must configure with 3123`--disable-multilib', since we will not be able to build the 64-bit 3124target libraries. 3125 3126 GCC 3.3 and GCC 3.4 trigger code generation bugs in earlier versions 3127of the GNU compiler (especially GCC 3.0.x versions), which lead to the 3128miscompilation of the stage1 compiler and the subsequent failure of the 3129bootstrap process. A workaround is to use GCC 3.2.3 as an intermediary 3130stage, i.e. to bootstrap that compiler with the base compiler and then 3131use it to bootstrap the final compiler. 3132 3133 GCC 3.4 triggers a code generation bug in versions 5.4 (Sun ONE 3134Studio 7) and 5.5 (Sun ONE Studio 8) of the Sun compiler, which causes 3135a bootstrap failure in form of a miscompilation of the stage1 compiler 3136by the Sun compiler. This is Sun bug 4974440. This is fixed with 3137patch 112760-07. 3138 3139 GCC 3.4 changed the default debugging format from STABS to DWARF-2 3140for 32-bit code on Solaris 7 and later. If you use the Sun assembler, 3141this change apparently runs afoul of Sun bug 4910101 (which is 3142referenced as a x86-only problem by Sun, probably because they do not 3143use DWARF-2). A symptom of the problem is that you cannot compile C++ 3144programs like `groff' 1.19.1 without getting messages similar to the 3145following: 3146 3147 ld: warning: relocation error: R_SPARC_UA32: ... 3148 external symbolic relocation against non-allocatable section 3149 .debug_info cannot be processed at runtime: relocation ignored. 3150 3151 To work around this problem, compile with `-gstabs+' instead of 3152plain `-g'. 3153 3154 When configuring the GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) or the MPFR 3155library on a Solaris 7 or later system, the canonical target triplet 3156must be specified as the `build' parameter on the configure line. This 3157triplet can be obtained by invoking ./config.guess in the toplevel 3158source directory of GCC (and not that of GMP or MPFR). For example on 3159a Solaris 7 system: 3160 3161 % ./configure --build=sparc-sun-solaris2.7 --prefix=xxx 3162 3163sparc-sun-solaris2.7 3164==================== 3165 3166Sun patch 107058-01 (1999-01-13) for Solaris 7/SPARC triggers a bug in 3167the dynamic linker. This problem (Sun bug 4210064) affects GCC 2.8 and 3168later, including all EGCS releases. Sun formerly recommended 107058-01 3169for all Solaris 7 users, but around 1999-09-01 it started to recommend 3170it only for people who use Sun's compilers. 3171 3172 Here are some workarounds to this problem: 3173 * Do not install Sun patch 107058-01 until after Sun releases a 3174 complete patch for bug 4210064. This is the simplest course to 3175 take, unless you must also use Sun's C compiler. Unfortunately 3176 107058-01 is preinstalled on some new Solaris 7-based hosts, so 3177 you may have to back it out. 3178 3179 * Copy the original, unpatched Solaris 7 `/usr/ccs/bin/as' into 3180 `/usr/local/libexec/gcc/sparc-sun-solaris2.7/3.4/as', adjusting 3181 the latter name to fit your local conventions and software version 3182 numbers. 3183 3184 * Install Sun patch 106950-03 (1999-05-25) or later. Nobody with 3185 both 107058-01 and 106950-03 installed has reported the bug with 3186 GCC and Sun's dynamic linker. This last course of action is 3187 riskiest, for two reasons. First, you must install 106950 on all 3188 hosts that run code generated by GCC; it doesn't suffice to 3189 install it only on the hosts that run GCC itself. Second, Sun 3190 says that 106950-03 is only a partial fix for bug 4210064, but Sun 3191 doesn't know whether the partial fix is adequate for GCC. 3192 Revision -08 or later should fix the bug. The current (as of 3193 2004-05-23) revision is -24, and is included in the Solaris 7 3194 Recommended Patch Cluster. 3195 3196 GCC 3.3 triggers a bug in version 5.0 Alpha 03/27/98 of the Sun 3197assembler, which causes a bootstrap failure when linking the 64-bit 3198shared version of libgcc. A typical error message is: 3199 3200 ld: fatal: relocation error: R_SPARC_32: file libgcc/sparcv9/_muldi3.o: 3201 symbol <unknown>: offset 0xffffffff7ec133e7 is non-aligned. 3202 3203 This bug has been fixed in the final 5.0 version of the assembler. 3204 3205 A similar problem was reported for version Sun WorkShop 6 99/08/18 3206of the Sun assembler, which causes a bootstrap failure with GCC 4.0.0: 3207 3208 ld: fatal: relocation error: R_SPARC_DISP32: 3209 file .libs/libstdc++.lax/libsupc++convenience.a/vterminate.o: 3210 symbol <unknown>: offset 0xfccd33ad is non-aligned 3211 3212 This bug has been fixed in more recent revisions of the assembler. 3213 3214sparc-*-linux* 3215============== 3216 3217GCC versions 3.0 and higher require binutils 2.11.2 and glibc 2.2.4 or 3218newer on this platform. All earlier binutils and glibc releases 3219mishandled unaligned relocations on `sparc-*-*' targets. 3220 3221sparc64-*-solaris2* 3222=================== 3223 3224When configuring the GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) or the MPFR 3225library, the canonical target triplet must be specified as the `build' 3226parameter on the configure line. For example on a Solaris 7 system: 3227 3228 % ./configure --build=sparc64-sun-solaris2.7 --prefix=xxx 3229 3230 The following compiler flags must be specified in the configure step 3231in order to bootstrap this target with the Sun compiler: 3232 3233 % CC="cc -xarch=v9 -xildoff" SRCDIR/configure [OPTIONS] [TARGET] 3234 3235 `-xarch=v9' specifies the SPARC-V9 architecture to the Sun toolchain 3236and `-xildoff' turns off the incremental linker. 3237 3238sparcv9-*-solaris2* 3239=================== 3240 3241This is a synonym for sparc64-*-solaris2*. 3242 3243*-*-sysv* 3244========= 3245 3246On System V release 3, you may get this error message while linking: 3247 3248 ld fatal: failed to write symbol name SOMETHING 3249 in strings table for file WHATEVER 3250 3251 This probably indicates that the disk is full or your ulimit won't 3252allow the file to be as large as it needs to be. 3253 3254 This problem can also result because the kernel parameter `MAXUMEM' 3255is too small. If so, you must regenerate the kernel and make the value 3256much larger. The default value is reported to be 1024; a value of 32768 3257is said to work. Smaller values may also work. 3258 3259 On System V, if you get an error like this, 3260 3261 /usr/local/lib/bison.simple: In function `yyparse': 3262 /usr/local/lib/bison.simple:625: virtual memory exhausted 3263 3264that too indicates a problem with disk space, ulimit, or `MAXUMEM'. 3265 3266 On a System V release 4 system, make sure `/usr/bin' precedes 3267`/usr/ucb' in `PATH'. The `cc' command in `/usr/ucb' uses libraries 3268which have bugs. 3269 3270vax-dec-ultrix 3271============== 3272 3273Don't try compiling with VAX C (`vcc'). It produces incorrect code in 3274some cases (for example, when `alloca' is used). 3275 3276*-*-vxworks* 3277============ 3278 3279Support for VxWorks is in flux. At present GCC supports _only_ the 3280very recent VxWorks 5.5 (aka Tornado 2.2) release, and only on PowerPC. 3281We welcome patches for other architectures supported by VxWorks 5.5. 3282Support for VxWorks AE would also be welcome; we believe this is merely 3283a matter of writing an appropriate "configlette" (see below). We are 3284not interested in supporting older, a.out or COFF-based, versions of 3285VxWorks in GCC 3. 3286 3287 VxWorks comes with an older version of GCC installed in 3288`$WIND_BASE/host'; we recommend you do not overwrite it. Choose an 3289installation PREFIX entirely outside $WIND_BASE. Before running 3290`configure', create the directories `PREFIX' and `PREFIX/bin'. Link or 3291copy the appropriate assembler, linker, etc. into `PREFIX/bin', and set 3292your PATH to include that directory while running both `configure' and 3293`make'. 3294 3295 You must give `configure' the `--with-headers=$WIND_BASE/target/h' 3296switch so that it can find the VxWorks system headers. Since VxWorks 3297is a cross compilation target only, you must also specify 3298`--target=TARGET'. `configure' will attempt to create the directory 3299`PREFIX/TARGET/sys-include' and copy files into it; make sure the user 3300running `configure' has sufficient privilege to do so. 3301 3302 GCC's exception handling runtime requires a special "configlette" 3303module, `contrib/gthr_supp_vxw_5x.c'. Follow the instructions in that 3304file to add the module to your kernel build. (Future versions of 3305VxWorks will incorporate this module.) 3306 3307x86_64-*-*, amd64-*-* 3308===================== 3309 3310GCC supports the x86-64 architecture implemented by the AMD64 processor 3311(amd64-*-* is an alias for x86_64-*-*) on GNU/Linux, FreeBSD and NetBSD. 3312On GNU/Linux the default is a bi-arch compiler which is able to generate 3313both 64-bit x86-64 and 32-bit x86 code (via the `-m32' switch). 3314 3315xtensa-*-elf 3316============ 3317 3318This target is intended for embedded Xtensa systems using the `newlib' 3319C library. It uses ELF but does not support shared objects. 3320Designed-defined instructions specified via the Tensilica Instruction 3321Extension (TIE) language are only supported through inline assembly. 3322 3323 The Xtensa configuration information must be specified prior to 3324building GCC. The `include/xtensa-config.h' header file contains the 3325configuration information. If you created your own Xtensa 3326configuration with the Xtensa Processor Generator, the downloaded files 3327include a customized copy of this header file, which you can use to 3328replace the default header file. 3329 3330xtensa-*-linux* 3331=============== 3332 3333This target is for Xtensa systems running GNU/Linux. It supports ELF 3334shared objects and the GNU C library (glibc). It also generates 3335position-independent code (PIC) regardless of whether the `-fpic' or 3336`-fPIC' options are used. In other respects, this target is the same 3337as the `xtensa-*-elf' target. 3338 3339Microsoft Windows (32-bit) 3340========================== 3341 3342Ports of GCC are included with the Cygwin environment. 3343 3344 GCC will build under Cygwin without modification; it does not build 3345with Microsoft's C++ compiler and there are no plans to make it do so. 3346 3347OS/2 3348==== 3349 3350GCC does not currently support OS/2. However, Andrew Zabolotny has been 3351working on a generic OS/2 port with pgcc. The current code can be found 3352at http://www.goof.com/pcg/os2/. 3353 3354Older systems 3355============= 3356 3357GCC contains support files for many older (1980s and early 1990s) Unix 3358variants. For the most part, support for these systems has not been 3359deliberately removed, but it has not been maintained for several years 3360and may suffer from bitrot. 3361 3362 Starting with GCC 3.1, each release has a list of "obsoleted" 3363systems. Support for these systems is still present in that release, 3364but `configure' will fail unless the `--enable-obsolete' option is 3365given. Unless a maintainer steps forward, support for these systems 3366will be removed from the next release of GCC. 3367 3368 Support for old systems as hosts for GCC can cause problems if the 3369workarounds for compiler, library and operating system bugs affect the 3370cleanliness or maintainability of the rest of GCC. In some cases, to 3371bring GCC up on such a system, if still possible with current GCC, may 3372require first installing an old version of GCC which did work on that 3373system, and using it to compile a more recent GCC, to avoid bugs in the 3374vendor compiler. Old releases of GCC 1 and GCC 2 are available in the 3375`old-releases' directory on the GCC mirror sites. Header bugs may 3376generally be avoided using `fixincludes', but bugs or deficiencies in 3377libraries and the operating system may still cause problems. 3378 3379 Support for older systems as targets for cross-compilation is less 3380problematic than support for them as hosts for GCC; if an enthusiast 3381wishes to make such a target work again (including resurrecting any of 3382the targets that never worked with GCC 2, starting from the last 3383version before they were removed), patches following the usual 3384requirements would be likely to be accepted, since they should not 3385affect the support for more modern targets. 3386 3387 For some systems, old versions of GNU binutils may also be useful, 3388and are available from `pub/binutils/old-releases' on sourceware.org 3389mirror sites. 3390 3391 Some of the information on specific systems above relates to such 3392older systems, but much of the information about GCC on such systems 3393(which may no longer be applicable to current GCC) is to be found in 3394the GCC texinfo manual. 3395 3396all ELF targets (SVR4, Solaris 2, etc.) 3397======================================= 3398 3399C++ support is significantly better on ELF targets if you use the GNU 3400linker; duplicate copies of inlines, vtables and template 3401instantiations will be discarded automatically. 3402 3403 3404File: gccinstall.info, Node: Old, Next: GNU Free Documentation License, Prev: Specific, Up: Top 3405 340610 Old installation documentation 3407********************************* 3408 3409 Note most of this information is out of date and superseded by the 3410previous chapters of this manual. It is provided for historical 3411reference only, because of a lack of volunteers to merge it into the 3412main manual. 3413 3414* Menu: 3415 3416* Configurations:: Configurations Supported by GCC. 3417 3418 Here is the procedure for installing GCC on a GNU or Unix system. 3419 3420 1. If you have chosen a configuration for GCC which requires other GNU 3421 tools (such as GAS or the GNU linker) instead of the standard 3422 system tools, install the required tools in the build directory 3423 under the names `as', `ld' or whatever is appropriate. 3424 3425 Alternatively, you can do subsequent compilation using a value of 3426 the `PATH' environment variable such that the necessary GNU tools 3427 come before the standard system tools. 3428 3429 2. Specify the host, build and target machine configurations. You do 3430 this when you run the `configure' script. 3431 3432 The "build" machine is the system which you are using, the "host" 3433 machine is the system where you want to run the resulting compiler 3434 (normally the build machine), and the "target" machine is the 3435 system for which you want the compiler to generate code. 3436 3437 If you are building a compiler to produce code for the machine it 3438 runs on (a native compiler), you normally do not need to specify 3439 any operands to `configure'; it will try to guess the type of 3440 machine you are on and use that as the build, host and target 3441 machines. So you don't need to specify a configuration when 3442 building a native compiler unless `configure' cannot figure out 3443 what your configuration is or guesses wrong. 3444 3445 In those cases, specify the build machine's "configuration name" 3446 with the `--host' option; the host and target will default to be 3447 the same as the host machine. 3448 3449 Here is an example: 3450 3451 ./configure --host=sparc-sun-sunos4.1 3452 3453 A configuration name may be canonical or it may be more or less 3454 abbreviated. 3455 3456 A canonical configuration name has three parts, separated by 3457 dashes. It looks like this: `CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM'. (The three 3458 parts may themselves contain dashes; `configure' can figure out 3459 which dashes serve which purpose.) For example, 3460 `m68k-sun-sunos4.1' specifies a Sun 3. 3461 3462 You can also replace parts of the configuration by nicknames or 3463 aliases. For example, `sun3' stands for `m68k-sun', so 3464 `sun3-sunos4.1' is another way to specify a Sun 3. 3465 3466 You can specify a version number after any of the system types, 3467 and some of the CPU types. In most cases, the version is 3468 irrelevant, and will be ignored. So you might as well specify the 3469 version if you know it. 3470 3471 See *Note Configurations::, for a list of supported configuration 3472 names and notes on many of the configurations. You should check 3473 the notes in that section before proceeding any further with the 3474 installation of GCC. 3475 3476 3477 3478File: gccinstall.info, Node: Configurations, Up: Old 3479 348010.1 Configurations Supported by GCC 3481==================================== 3482 3483 Here are the possible CPU types: 3484 3485 1750a, a29k, alpha, arm, avr, cN, clipper, dsp16xx, elxsi, fr30, 3486 h8300, hppa1.0, hppa1.1, i370, i386, i486, i586, i686, i786, i860, 3487 i960, ip2k, m32r, m68000, m68k, m6811, m6812, m88k, mcore, mips, 3488 mipsel, mips64, mips64el, mn10200, mn10300, ns32k, pdp11, powerpc, 3489 powerpcle, romp, rs6000, sh, sparc, sparclite, sparc64, v850, vax, 3490 we32k. 3491 3492 Here are the recognized company names. As you can see, customary 3493abbreviations are used rather than the longer official names. 3494 3495 acorn, alliant, altos, apollo, apple, att, bull, cbm, convergent, 3496 convex, crds, dec, dg, dolphin, elxsi, encore, harris, hitachi, 3497 hp, ibm, intergraph, isi, mips, motorola, ncr, next, ns, omron, 3498 plexus, sequent, sgi, sony, sun, tti, unicom, wrs. 3499 3500 The company name is meaningful only to disambiguate when the rest of 3501the information supplied is insufficient. You can omit it, writing 3502just `CPU-SYSTEM', if it is not needed. For example, `vax-ultrix4.2' 3503is equivalent to `vax-dec-ultrix4.2'. 3504 3505 Here is a list of system types: 3506 3507 386bsd, aix, acis, amigaos, aos, aout, aux, bosx, bsd, clix, coff, 3508 ctix, cxux, dgux, dynix, ebmon, ecoff, elf, esix, freebsd, hms, 3509 genix, gnu, linux, linux-gnu, hiux, hpux, iris, irix, isc, luna, 3510 lynxos, mach, minix, msdos, mvs, netbsd, newsos, nindy, ns, osf, 3511 osfrose, ptx, riscix, riscos, rtu, sco, sim, solaris, sunos, sym, 3512 sysv, udi, ultrix, unicos, uniplus, unos, vms, vsta, vxworks, 3513 winnt, xenix. 3514 3515You can omit the system type; then `configure' guesses the operating 3516system from the CPU and company. 3517 3518 You can add a version number to the system type; this may or may not 3519make a difference. For example, you can write `bsd4.3' or `bsd4.4' to 3520distinguish versions of BSD. In practice, the version number is most 3521needed for `sysv3' and `sysv4', which are often treated differently. 3522 3523 `linux-gnu' is the canonical name for the GNU/Linux target; however 3524GCC will also accept `linux'. The version of the kernel in use is not 3525relevant on these systems. A suffix such as `libc1' or `aout' 3526distinguishes major versions of the C library; all of the suffixed 3527versions are obsolete. 3528 3529 If you specify an impossible combination such as `i860-dg-vms', then 3530you may get an error message from `configure', or it may ignore part of 3531the information and do the best it can with the rest. `configure' 3532always prints the canonical name for the alternative that it used. GCC 3533does not support all possible alternatives. 3534 3535 Often a particular model of machine has a name. Many machine names 3536are recognized as aliases for CPU/company combinations. Thus, the 3537machine name `sun3', mentioned above, is an alias for `m68k-sun'. 3538Sometimes we accept a company name as a machine name, when the name is 3539popularly used for a particular machine. Here is a table of the known 3540machine names: 3541 3542 3300, 3b1, 3bN, 7300, altos3068, altos, apollo68, att-7300, 3543 balance, convex-cN, crds, decstation-3100, decstation, delta, 3544 encore, fx2800, gmicro, hp7NN, hp8NN, hp9k2NN, hp9k3NN, hp9k7NN, 3545 hp9k8NN, iris4d, iris, isi68, m3230, magnum, merlin, miniframe, 3546 mmax, news-3600, news800, news, next, pbd, pc532, pmax, powerpc, 3547 powerpcle, ps2, risc-news, rtpc, sun2, sun386i, sun386, sun3, 3548 sun4, symmetry, tower-32, tower. 3549 3550Remember that a machine name specifies both the cpu type and the company 3551name. If you want to install your own homemade configuration files, 3552you can use `local' as the company name to access them. If you use 3553configuration `CPU-local', the configuration name without the cpu prefix 3554is used to form the configuration file names. 3555 3556 Thus, if you specify `m68k-local', configuration uses files 3557`m68k.md', `local.h', `m68k.c', `xm-local.h', `t-local', and `x-local', 3558all in the directory `config/m68k'. 3559 3560 3561File: gccinstall.info, Node: GNU Free Documentation License, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Old, Up: Top 3562 3563GNU Free Documentation License 3564****************************** 3565 3566 Version 1.2, November 2002 3567 3568 Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 3569 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA 3570 3571 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 3572 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 3573 3574 0. PREAMBLE 3575 3576 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other 3577 functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to 3578 assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, 3579 with or without modifying it, either commercially or 3580 noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the 3581 author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not 3582 being considered responsible for modifications made by others. 3583 3584 This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative 3585 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. 3586 It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft 3587 license designed for free software. 3588 3589 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for 3590 free software, because free software needs free documentation: a 3591 free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms 3592 that the software does. But this License is not limited to 3593 software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless 3594 of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. 3595 We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is 3596 instruction or reference. 3597 3598 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS 3599 3600 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, 3601 that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it 3602 can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice 3603 grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, 3604 to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The 3605 "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member 3606 of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". You 3607 accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a 3608 way requiring permission under copyright law. 3609 3610 A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the 3611 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with 3612 modifications and/or translated into another language. 3613 3614 A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section 3615 of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the 3616 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall 3617 subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could 3618 fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document 3619 is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not 3620 explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of 3621 historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or 3622 of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position 3623 regarding them. 3624 3625 The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose 3626 titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in 3627 the notice that says that the Document is released under this 3628 License. If a section does not fit the above definition of 3629 Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. 3630 The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document 3631 does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none. 3632 3633 The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are 3634 listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice 3635 that says that the Document is released under this License. A 3636 Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may 3637 be at most 25 words. 3638 3639 A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, 3640 represented in a format whose specification is available to the 3641 general public, that is suitable for revising the document 3642 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images 3643 composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some 3644 widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to 3645 text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of 3646 formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an 3647 otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of 3648 markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent 3649 modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is 3650 not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A 3651 copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". 3652 3653 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain 3654 ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, 3655 SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and 3656 standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for 3657 human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include 3658 PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that 3659 can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or 3660 XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally 3661 available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF 3662 produced by some word processors for output purposes only. 3663 3664 The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, 3665 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the 3666 material this License requires to appear in the title page. For 3667 works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title 3668 Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the 3669 work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text. 3670 3671 A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document 3672 whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses 3673 following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ 3674 stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as 3675 "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) 3676 To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the 3677 Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according 3678 to this definition. 3679 3680 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice 3681 which states that this License applies to the Document. These 3682 Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in 3683 this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other 3684 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and 3685 has no effect on the meaning of this License. 3686 3687 2. VERBATIM COPYING 3688 3689 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either 3690 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the 3691 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License 3692 applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you 3693 add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You 3694 may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading 3695 or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, 3696 you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you 3697 distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow 3698 the conditions in section 3. 3699 3700 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, 3701 and you may publicly display copies. 3702 3703 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY 3704 3705 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly 3706 have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and 3707 the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must 3708 enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all 3709 these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and 3710 Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly 3711 and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The 3712 front cover must present the full title with all words of the 3713 title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material 3714 on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the 3715 covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and 3716 satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in 3717 other respects. 3718 3719 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit 3720 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit 3721 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto 3722 adjacent pages. 3723 3724 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document 3725 numbering more than 100, you must either include a 3726 machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or 3727 state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from 3728 which the general network-using public has access to download 3729 using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent 3730 copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the 3731 latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you 3732 begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that 3733 this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated 3734 location until at least one year after the last time you 3735 distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or 3736 retailers) of that edition to the public. 3737 3738 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of 3739 the Document well before redistributing any large number of 3740 copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated 3741 version of the Document. 3742 3743 4. MODIFICATIONS 3744 3745 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document 3746 under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you 3747 release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with 3748 the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus 3749 licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to 3750 whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these 3751 things in the Modified Version: 3752 3753 A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title 3754 distinct from that of the Document, and from those of 3755 previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed 3756 in the History section of the Document). You may use the 3757 same title as a previous version if the original publisher of 3758 that version gives permission. 3759 3760 B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or 3761 entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in 3762 the Modified Version, together with at least five of the 3763 principal authors of the Document (all of its principal 3764 authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you 3765 from this requirement. 3766 3767 C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the 3768 Modified Version, as the publisher. 3769 3770 D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. 3771 3772 E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications 3773 adjacent to the other copyright notices. 3774 3775 F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license 3776 notice giving the public permission to use the Modified 3777 Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in 3778 the Addendum below. 3779 3780 G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant 3781 Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's 3782 license notice. 3783 3784 H. Include an unaltered copy of this License. 3785 3786 I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, 3787 and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new 3788 authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on 3789 the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in 3790 the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, 3791 and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, 3792 then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in 3793 the previous sentence. 3794 3795 J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document 3796 for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and 3797 likewise the network locations given in the Document for 3798 previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in 3799 the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a 3800 work that was published at least four years before the 3801 Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version 3802 it refers to gives permission. 3803 3804 K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", 3805 Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the 3806 section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor 3807 acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein. 3808 3809 L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, 3810 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers 3811 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section 3812 titles. 3813 3814 M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section 3815 may not be included in the Modified Version. 3816 3817 N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled 3818 "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant 3819 Section. 3820 3821 O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. 3822 3823 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or 3824 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no 3825 material copied from the Document, you may at your option 3826 designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, 3827 add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified 3828 Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any 3829 other section titles. 3830 3831 You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains 3832 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various 3833 parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text 3834 has been approved by an organization as the authoritative 3835 definition of a standard. 3836 3837 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, 3838 and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end 3839 of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one 3840 passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be 3841 added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the 3842 Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, 3843 previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity 3844 you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may 3845 replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous 3846 publisher that added the old one. 3847 3848 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this 3849 License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to 3850 assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version. 3851 3852 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS 3853 3854 You may combine the Document with other documents released under 3855 this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for 3856 modified versions, provided that you include in the combination 3857 all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, 3858 unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your 3859 combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all 3860 their Warranty Disclaimers. 3861 3862 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and 3863 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single 3864 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name 3865 but different contents, make the title of each such section unique 3866 by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the 3867 original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a 3868 unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in 3869 the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the 3870 combined work. 3871 3872 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled 3873 "History" in the various original documents, forming one section 3874 Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled 3875 "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You 3876 must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements." 3877 3878 6. 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