1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.12 2003/08/07 10:31:23 agc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" From: 35.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 36.\" 37.Dd April 8, 2003 38.Dt BOOT 8 atari 39.Os 40.Sh NAME 41.Nm boot 42.Nd 43system bootstrapping procedures 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 46When the 47.Nx 48kernel is booted normally (using one of the two methods discussed below), 49it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. An automatic 50consistency check of the file systems takes place, and unless this 51fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. The proper way 52to shut the system down is with the 53.Xr shutdown 8 54command. 55.Pp 56If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 57.Xr ddb 4 , 58if it is configured in the kernel. If the debugger is not present, 59or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 60configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 61.Xr savecore 8 62during the next boot cycle). After the dump is complete (successful 63or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 64.Ss Booting NetBSD using the bootloader 65When a bootable 66.Nx 67partition is created by means of 68.Xr installboot 8 69and the boot-preference bit in the NVRAM is either invalid or set to 70.Nx 71, the Atari BIOS will automatically start the 72.Nx 73bootloader. By default 74it will load the kernel image 75.Pa /netbsd 76and attempts to boot it into multi-user mode. This behaviour can be changed by 77either keeping the 78.Pa Alternate 79or the 80.Pa Right-Shift 81key pressed during the boot. When 82the 83.Pa Alternate 84key is pressed, the bootstrap is aborted, causing the BIOS 85to continue scanning the disks for a bootable partition (this is compatible 86with AHDI 3.0). Pressing the 87.Pa Right-Shift 88key during the boot, causes the boot loader to enter the interactive mode. 89In interactive mode, the command line looks like: 90.Bd -ragged -offset indent 91.Pp 92.Op Ar OS-type 93.Op Ar boot-path 94.Op Ar boot-options 95.Ed 96.Pp 97Each component of the command can be omitted in which case the defaults 98indicated will be used. 99.Bl -tag -width boot-options 100.It OS-type : 101.Bl -tag -compact -width ".netbsd (default)" 102.It .netbsd (the default) 103.It .linux 104.It .asv 105.It .tos 106.El 107.Pp 108If something other than 109.Pa .netbsd 110is specified, control is returned to the BIOS with the boot preference set to 111the selected type. Due to limitations of the BIOS however, the search for 112bootblocks is continued rather than restarted. 113.It boot-path 114This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say: 115.Pa /netbsd.old . 116The default is 117.Pa /netbsd 118.It boot-options 119These options are a subset of the 120.Xr loadbsd 8 121options. 122.Bl -tag -width flag -compact 123.It Fl a 124Boot into multi-user mode (the default) 125.It Fl b 126Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 127device, and the path to 128.Xr init 8 . 129.It Fl d 130Enter the kernel debugger 131.It Fl q 132Boot in quiet mode 133.It Fl v 134Boot in verbose mode 135.El 136.El 137.Ss Booting using the loadbsd program 138When you want (or have to) start 139.Nx 140from GEM, you have to use the 141.Xr loadbsd 8 142program that is supplied on the kernel-floppy. The loadbsd command line 143specification is: 144.Bd -ragged -offset indent 145.Nm loadbsd 146.Op Fl abdhqstvwDV 147.Op Fl S Ar amount 148.Op Fl T Ar amount 149.Ar kernel-path 150.Ed 151.Pp 152Description of options: 153.Bl -tag -width flag 154.It Fl a 155Boot automatically into multi-user mode. 156.It Fl b 157Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 158device, and the path to 159.Xr init 8 . 160.It Fl d 161Enter the kernel debugger after booting. 162.It Fl h 163Print a help screen that tries to explain the same options as mentioned 164here. 165.It Fl o Ar outputfile 166Write all output to the file 167.Ar outputfile . 168.It Fl q 169Boot in quiet mode. 170.It Fl s 171Tell 172.Nx 173only to use ST compatible RAM. 174.It Fl t 175Test loading of the kernel but don't start 176.Nx . 177.It Fl v 178Boot in verbose mode. 179.It Fl w 180Wait for a keypress before exiting loadbsd. This is useful when starting this 181program under GEM. 182.It Fl D 183Show debugging output while booting the kernel. 184.It Fl S Ar amount 185Set the amount of available ST compatible RAM in bytes. Normally this 186value is set automatically from the values initialized by the BIOS. 187.It Fl T Ar amount 188Set the amount of available TT compatible RAM in bytes. Normally this 189value is set automatically from the values initialized by the BIOS. 190.It Fl V 191Print the version of 192.Xr loadbsd 8 193that you are using. 194.It Ar kernel-path 195This is a GEMDOS path specification of the kernel to boot. 196.El 197.Pp 198Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a GEMDOS 199filesystem, the file 200.Ar /netbsd 201is usually not the same as the actual kernel booted. This can cause some 202programs to fail. 203.Sh FILES 204.Bl -tag -width /netbsd -compact 205.It Pa /netbsd 206system kernel 207.El 208.Sh SEE ALSO 209.Xr ddb 4 , 210.Xr savecore 8 , 211.Xr shutdown 8 212