1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.14 2017/02/17 22:30:28 christos Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" From: 35.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 36.\" 37.Dd February 17, 2017 38.Dt BOOT 8 atari 39.Os 40.Sh NAME 41.Nm boot 42.Nd 43system bootstrapping procedures 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 46When the 47.Nx 48kernel is booted normally (using one of the two methods discussed below), 49it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. 50An automatic consistency check of the file systems takes place, 51and unless this fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. 52The proper way to shut the system down is with the 53.Xr shutdown 8 54command. 55.Pp 56If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 57.Xr ddb 4 , 58if it is configured in the kernel. 59If the debugger is not present, 60or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 61configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 62.Xr savecore 8 63during the next boot cycle). 64After the dump is complete (successful or not), the system will 65attempt a reboot. 66.Ss Booting NetBSD using the bootloader 67When a bootable 68.Nx 69partition is created by means of 70.Xr atari/installboot 8 71and the boot-preference bit in the NVRAM is either invalid or set to 72.Nx 73, the Atari BIOS will automatically start the 74.Nx 75bootloader. 76By default it will load the kernel image 77.Pa /netbsd 78and attempts to boot it into multi-user mode. 79This behaviour can be changed by either keeping the 80.Pa Alternate 81or the 82.Pa Right-Shift 83key pressed during the boot. 84When the 85.Pa Alternate 86key is pressed, the bootstrap is aborted, causing the BIOS 87to continue scanning the disks for a bootable partition (this is compatible 88with AHDI 3.0). 89Pressing the 90.Pa Right-Shift 91key during the boot, causes the boot loader to enter the interactive mode. 92In interactive mode, the command line looks like: 93.Bd -ragged -offset indent 94.Pp 95.Op Ar OS-type 96.Op Ar boot-path 97.Op Ar boot-options 98.Ed 99.Pp 100Each component of the command can be omitted in which case the defaults 101indicated will be used. 102.Bl -tag -width boot-options 103.It OS-type : 104.Bl -tag -compact -width ".netbsd (default)" 105.It .netbsd (the default) 106.It .linux 107.It .asv 108.It .tos 109.El 110.Pp 111If something other than 112.Pa .netbsd 113is specified, control is returned to the BIOS with the boot preference set to 114the selected type. 115Due to limitations of the BIOS however, the search for 116bootblocks is continued rather than restarted. 117.It boot-path 118This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say: 119.Pa /netbsd.old . 120The default is 121.Pa /netbsd 122.It boot-options 123These options are a subset of the 124.Xr loadbsd 8 125options. 126.Bl -tag -width flag -compact 127.It Fl a 128Boot into multi-user mode (the default) 129.It Fl b 130Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 131device, and the path to 132.Xr init 8 . 133.It Fl d 134Enter the kernel debugger 135.It Fl q 136Boot in quiet mode 137.It Fl v 138Boot in verbose mode 139.El 140.El 141.Ss Booting using the loadbsd program 142When you want (or have to) start 143.Nx 144from GEM, you have to use the 145.Xr loadbsd 8 146program that is supplied on the kernel-floppy. 147The loadbsd command line specification is: 148.Bd -ragged -offset indent 149.Nm loadbsd 150.Op Fl abdhqstvwDV 151.Op Fl S Ar amount 152.Op Fl T Ar amount 153.Ar kernel-path 154.Ed 155.Pp 156Description of options: 157.Bl -tag -width flag 158.It Fl a 159Boot automatically into multi-user mode. 160.It Fl b 161Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 162device, and the path to 163.Xr init 8 . 164.It Fl d 165Enter the kernel debugger after booting. 166.It Fl h 167Print a help screen that tries to explain the same options as mentioned 168here. 169.It Fl o Ar outputfile 170Write all output to the file 171.Ar outputfile . 172.It Fl q 173Boot in quiet mode. 174.It Fl s 175Tell 176.Nx 177only to use ST compatible RAM. 178.It Fl t 179Test loading of the kernel but don't start 180.Nx . 181.It Fl v 182Boot in verbose mode. 183.It Fl w 184Wait for a keypress before exiting loadbsd. 185This is useful when starting this program under GEM. 186.It Fl D 187Show debugging output while booting the kernel. 188.It Fl S Ar amount 189Set the amount of available ST compatible RAM in bytes. 190Normally this 191value is set automatically from the values initialized by the BIOS. 192.It Fl T Ar amount 193Set the amount of available TT compatible RAM in bytes. 194Normally this 195value is set automatically from the values initialized by the BIOS. 196.It Fl V 197Print the version of 198.Xr loadbsd 8 199that you are using. 200.It Ar kernel-path 201This is a GEMDOS path specification of the kernel to boot. 202.El 203.Pp 204Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a GEMDOS 205filesystem, the file 206.Ar /netbsd 207is usually not the same as the actual kernel booted. 208This can cause some programs to fail. 209.Sh FILES 210.Bl -tag -width /netbsd -compact 211.It Pa /netbsd 212system kernel 213.El 214.Sh SEE ALSO 215.Xr ddb 4 , 216.Xr savecore 8 , 217.Xr shutdown 8 218