1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.11 2003/04/08 07:51:39 wiz Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 20.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 21.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24.\" without specific prior written permission. 25.\" 26.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 37.\" 38.\" From: 39.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 40.\" 41.Dd April 8, 2003 42.Dt BOOT 8 atari 43.Os 44.Sh NAME 45.Nm boot 46.Nd 47system bootstrapping procedures 48.Sh DESCRIPTION 49.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 50When the 51.Nx 52kernel is booted normally (using one of the two methods discussed below), 53it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. An automatic 54consistency check of the file systems takes place, and unless this 55fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. The proper way 56to shut the system down is with the 57.Xr shutdown 8 58command. 59.Pp 60If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 61.Xr ddb 4 , 62if it is configured in the kernel. If the debugger is not present, 63or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 64configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 65.Xr savecore 8 66during the next boot cycle). After the dump is complete (successful 67or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 68.Ss Booting NetBSD using the bootloader 69When a bootable 70.Nx 71partition is created by means of 72.Xr installboot 8 73and the boot-preference bit in the NVRAM is either invalid or set to 74.Nx 75, the Atari BIOS will automatically start the 76.Nx 77bootloader. By default 78it will load the kernel image 79.Pa /netbsd 80and attempts to boot it into multi-user mode. This behaviour can be changed by 81either keeping the 82.Pa Alternate 83or the 84.Pa Right-Shift 85key pressed during the boot. When 86the 87.Pa Alternate 88key is pressed, the bootstrap is aborted, causing the BIOS 89to continue scanning the disks for a bootable partition (this is compatible 90with AHDI 3.0). Pressing the 91.Pa Right-Shift 92key during the boot, causes the boot loader to enter the interactive mode. 93In interactive mode, the command line looks like: 94.Bd -ragged -offset indent 95.Pp 96.Op Ar OS-type 97.Op Ar boot-path 98.Op Ar boot-options 99.Ed 100.Pp 101Each component of the command can be omitted in which case the defaults 102indicated will be used. 103.Bl -tag -width boot-options 104.It OS-type : 105.Bl -tag -compact -width ".netbsd (default)" 106.It .netbsd (the default) 107.It .linux 108.It .asv 109.It .tos 110.El 111.Pp 112If something other than 113.Pa .netbsd 114is specified, control is returned to the BIOS with the boot preference set to 115the selected type. Due to limitations of the BIOS however, the search for 116bootblocks is continued rather than restarted. 117.It boot-path 118This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say: 119.Pa /netbsd.old . 120The default is 121.Pa /netbsd 122.It boot-options 123These options are a subset of the 124.Xr loadbsd 8 125options. 126.Bl -tag -width flag -compact 127.It Fl a 128Boot into multi-user mode (the default) 129.It Fl b 130Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 131device, and the path to 132.Xr init 8 . 133.It Fl d 134Enter the kernel debugger 135.It Fl q 136Boot in quiet mode 137.It Fl v 138Boot in verbose mode 139.El 140.El 141.Ss Booting using the loadbsd program 142When you want (or have to) start 143.Nx 144from GEM, you have to use the 145.Xr loadbsd 8 146program that is supplied on the kernel-floppy. The loadbsd command line 147specification is: 148.Bd -ragged -offset indent 149.Nm loadbsd 150.Op Fl abdhqstvwDV 151.Op Fl S Ar amount 152.Op Fl T Ar amount 153.Ar kernel-path 154.Ed 155.Pp 156Description of options: 157.Bl -tag -width flag 158.It Fl a 159Boot automatically into multi-user mode. 160.It Fl b 161Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 162device, and the path to 163.Xr init 8 . 164.It Fl d 165Enter the kernel debugger after booting. 166.It Fl h 167Print a help screen that tries to explain the same options as mentioned 168here. 169.It Fl o Ar outputfile 170Write all output to the file 171.Ar outputfile . 172.It Fl q 173Boot in quiet mode. 174.It Fl s 175Tell 176.Nx 177only to use ST compatible RAM. 178.It Fl t 179Test loading of the kernel but don't start 180.Nx . 181.It Fl v 182Boot in verbose mode. 183.It Fl w 184Wait for a keypress before exiting loadbsd. This is useful when starting this 185program under GEM. 186.It Fl D 187Show debugging output while booting the kernel. 188.It Fl S Ar amount 189Set the amount of available ST compatible RAM in bytes. Normally this 190value is set automatically from the values initialized by the BIOS. 191.It Fl T Ar amount 192Set the amount of available TT compatible RAM in bytes. Normally this 193value is set automatically from the values initialized by the BIOS. 194.It Fl V 195Print the version of 196.Xr loadbsd 8 197that you are using. 198.It Ar kernel-path 199This is a GEMDOS path specification of the kernel to boot. 200.El 201.Pp 202Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a GEMDOS 203filesystem, the file 204.Ar /netbsd 205is usually not the same as the actual kernel booted. This can cause some 206programs to fail. 207.Sh FILES 208.Bl -tag -width /netbsd -compact 209.It Pa /netbsd 210system kernel 211.El 212.Sh SEE ALSO 213.Xr ddb 4 , 214.Xr savecore 8 , 215.Xr shutdown 8 216