1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.5 2001/06/05 12:52:56 wiz Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 20.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 21.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24.\" without specific prior written permission. 25.\" 26.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 37.\" 38.\" From: 39.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 40.\" 41.Dd May 8, 1997 42.Dt BOOT 8 amiga 43.Os 44.Sh NAME 45.Nm boot 46.Nd 47system bootstrapping procedures 48.Sh DESCRIPTION 49.Sy Power fail and crash recovery 50.Pp 51When the 52.Nx 53kernel is booted normally (using one of the two methods discussed below), 54it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. An automatic 55consistency check of the file systems takes place, and unless this 56fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. The proper way 57to shut the system down is with the 58.Xr shutdown 8 59command. 60.Pp 61If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 62.Xr ddb 8 , 63if it is configured in the kernel. If the debugger is not present, 64or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 65configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 66.Xr savecore 8 67during the next boot cycle). After the dump is complete (successful 68or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 69.Pp 70.Sy Booting NetBSD using the bootloader 71.Pp 72When a bootable 73.Nx 74partition is created by means of HDTOOLBOX or another RDB editing program 75and a bootblock has been copied there by 76.Xr installboot 8 77and the boot priority of the 78.Nx 79partion is either the highest or the 80.Nx 81partition is selected by means of the boot menu, 82the Amiga ROM will automatically start the 83.Nx 84bootloader. By default it will, after a short timeout, load the kernel image 85.Pa /netbsd 86and attempt to boot it into multi-user mode. This behaviour can be changed by 87typing in an alternate command sequence. The command line looks like: 88.Bd -ragged -offset indent 89.Ar kernel-path 90.Op Fl abknpqstvADZ 91.Op Fl c Ar model 92.Op Fl m Ar memsize 93.Op Fl n Ar memsegments 94.Op Fl I Ar mask 95.Op Fl S Ar amount 96.Op Fl T Ar amount 97.Ed 98 99.Bl -tag -width flag 100.It kernel-path 101This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say: 102/netbsd.old. 103The default is 104/netbsd 105 106.It Fl a 107Autoboot into multi-user mode (default). 108.It Fl b 109Ask for the root device the kernel must use. 110.It Fl c Ar model 111force machine 112.Ar model . 113Use 32000+(Qlogic chip revision) for the DraCo. 114.It Fl k 115Reserve the first 4M of fastmem. 116.It Fl m Ar memsize 117Force fastmem size to be 118.Ar memsize 119kBytes. 120.It Fl n 121maximum number of 122.Ar segments 123of memory to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 1242 segments, 2: 3 or more segments. 125.It Fl p 126Select kernel load segment by priority instead of size. 127.It Fl q 128Boot in quiet mode. 129.It Fl b 130Ask for a root device 131.It Fl s 132Boot into single-user mode 133.It Fl v 134Boot in verbose mode. 135.It Fl D 136Enter the kernel debugger (best used with -S) 137.It Fl I Ar mask 138inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The 139.Ar mask 140is a bitmap expressed in C notation (e.g., 0xff) 141with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for 142the corresponding target. Note that this only applies to (some of the) 143real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. The bytes are used up 144from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention. 145.It Fl S 146Load the kernel symbols 147.El 148 149.Pp 150.Sy Booting NetBSD using the loadbsd program 151.Pp 152When you want (or have to) start 153.Nx 154from AmigaOS, you have to use the 155.Xr loadbsd 156program that is supplied in the utils directory of the distribution. 157The loadbsd command line specification is: 158.Bd -ragged -offset indent 159.Nm loadbsd 160.Op Fl abknpstADZ 161.Op Fl c Ar model 162.Op Fl m Ar memsize 163.Op Fl n Ar memsegments 164.Op Fl I Ar mask 165.Op Fl S Ar amount 166.Op Fl T Ar amount 167.Ar kernel-path 168.Ed 169.Pp 170Description of options: 171.Bl -tag -width flag 172.It Fl a 173Autoboot into multi-user mode. 174.It Fl b 175Ask for the root device the kernel must use. 176.It Fl c 177force machine model. 178.It Fl k 179Reserve the first 4M of fastmem. 180.It Fl m 181Force fastmem size to be 182.Ar memsize 183kBytes. 184.It Fl n 185maximum number of 186.Ar segments 187of memory to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 1882 segments, 2: 3 or more segments. 189.It Fl p 190Select kernel load segment by priority instead of size. 191.It Fl s 192Boot into single-user mode. 193.It Fl t 194Test loading of the kernel but don't start 195.Nx . 196.It Fl A 197enable AGA modes. 198.It Fl D 199Enter the kernel debugger after booting. Best with -S. 200.It Fl I Ar mask 201inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The 202.Ar mask 203is a bitmap expressed in hexadecimal (e.g., ff) 204with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for 205the corresponding target. Note that this only applies to (some of the) 206real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. The bytes are used up 207from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention. 208.It Fl S 209include kernel debug symbols (for use by -D). 210.It Fl Z 211Force load via chip memory. Won't work if kernel is larger than the chip 212memory size or on the DraCo. 213.El 214.Pp 215Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a AmigaOS 216filesystem, the file 217.Ar /netbsd 218is often not the same as the actual kernel booted. This can cause some 219programs to fail. However, note that you can use third-party Berkeley 220filesystems such as bffs to access the NetBSD root partition from AmigaOS. 221.Sh FILES 222.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/xxboot -compact 223.It Pa /netbsd 224system kernel 225.It Pa /usr/mdec/xxboot 226RDB device boot block 227.It Pa /usr/mdec/fdboot 228floppy disk boot block 229.El 230.Sh BUGS 231Due to code size restrictions, you can't currently use a old-style file 232system (created with 233.Xr newfs 234-O 235or with 236.Nx 0.9 ) 237with the boot block. You can use 238.Xr loadbsd 239to boot from AmigaOS, or upgrade the file system with 240.Ar fsck_ffs -c 2 . 241.Sh SEE ALSO 242.Xr ddb 8 , 243.Xr fsck_ffs 8 , 244.Xr installboot 8 , 245.Xr newfs 8 , 246.Xr savecore 8 , 247.Xr shutdown 8 248 249