1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.18 2021/02/26 10:44:31 wiz Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" From: 35.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 36.\" 37.Dd February 25, 2021 38.Dt BOOT 8 amiga 39.Os 40.Sh NAME 41.Nm boot 42.Nd 43system bootstrapping procedures 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 46When the 47.Nx 48kernel is booted normally (using one of the two methods discussed below), 49it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. 50An automatic consistency check of the file systems takes place, 51and unless this fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. 52The proper way to shut the system down is with the 53.Xr shutdown 8 54command. 55.Pp 56If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 57.Xr ddb 4 , 58if it is configured in the kernel. 59If the debugger is not present, 60or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 61configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 62.Xr savecore 8 63during the next boot cycle). 64After the dump is complete (successful 65or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 66.Ss Booting NetBSD using the bootloader 67When a bootable 68.Nx 69partition is created by means of HDTOOLBOX or another RDB editing program 70and a bootblock has been copied there by 71.Xr amiga/installboot 8 72and the boot priority of the 73.Nx 74partition is either the highest or the 75.Nx 76partition is selected by means of the boot menu, 77the Amiga ROM will automatically start the 78.Nx 79bootloader. 80By default it will, after a short timeout, load the kernel image 81.Pa /netbsd 82and attempt to boot it into multi-user mode. 83This behaviour can be changed by 84typing in an alternate command sequence. 85The command line looks like: 86.Bd -ragged -offset indent 87.Ar kernel-path 88.Op Fl abkpqsvACDS 89.Op Fl c Ar model 90.Op Fl m Ar memsize 91.Op Fl n Ar memsegments 92.Op Fl I Ar mask 93.Ed 94.Bl -tag -width flag 95.It kernel-path 96This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say: 97.Pa /netbsd.old . 98The default is 99.Pa /netbsd . 100.It Fl a 101Autoboot into multi-user mode (default). 102.It Fl b 103Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 104device, and the path to 105.Xr init 8 . 106.It Fl c Ar model 107force machine 108.Ar model . 109Use 32000+(Qlogic chip revision) for the DraCo. 110.It Fl k 111Reserve the first 4M of fastmem. 112.It Fl m Ar memsize 113Force fastmem size to be 114.Ar memsize 115kBytes. 116.It Fl n 117maximum number of 118.Ar segments 119of memory to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 1202 segments, 2: 3 or more segments. 121.It Fl p 122Select kernel load segment by priority instead of size. 123.It Fl q 124Boot in quiet mode. 125.It Fl s 126Boot into single-user mode. 127.It Fl v 128Boot in verbose mode. 129.It Fl A 130Enable AGA display modes. 131.It Fl C 132Use the serial port as console. 133.It Fl D 134Enter the kernel debugger (best used with 135.Fl S ) . 136.It Fl I Ar mask 137inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The 138.Ar mask 139is a bitmap expressed in C notation (e.g., 0xff) 140with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for 141the corresponding target. 142Note that this only applies to (some of the) 143real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. 144The bytes are used up 145from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention. 146.It Fl S 147include kernel debug symbols (for use by 148.Fl D ) . 149.El 150.Ss Booting NetBSD using the loadbsd program 151When you want (or have to) start 152.Nx 153from AmigaOS, you have to use the 154.Ic loadbsd 155program that is supplied in the utils directory of the distribution. 156The loadbsd command line specification is: 157.Bd -ragged -offset indent 158.Nm loadbsd 159.Op Fl abkpqstvACDSZ 160.Op Fl c Ar model 161.Op Fl m Ar memsize 162.Op Fl n Ar memsegments 163.Op Fl I Ar mask 164.Ar kernel-path 165.Ed 166.Pp 167Description of options: 168.Bl -tag -width flag 169.It Fl a 170Autoboot into multi-user mode. 171.It Fl b 172Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 173device, and the path to 174.Xr init 8 . 175.It Fl c 176force machine model. 177.It Fl k 178Reserve the first 4M of fastmem. 179.It Fl m 180Force fastmem size to be 181.Ar memsize 182kBytes. 183.It Fl n 184maximum number of 185.Ar segments 186of memory to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 1872 segments, 2: 3 or more segments. 188.It Fl p 189Select kernel load segment by priority instead of size. 190.It Fl q 191Boot in quiet mode. 192.It Fl s 193Boot into single-user mode. 194.It Fl t 195Test loading of the kernel but don't start 196.Nx . 197.It Fl v 198Boot in verbose mode. 199.It Fl A 200enable AGA display modes. 201.It Fl C 202Use the serial port as console 203.It Fl D 204Enter the kernel debugger (best used with 205.Fl S ) . 206.It Fl I Ar mask 207inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The 208.Ar mask 209is a bitmap expressed in hexadecimal (e.g., ff) 210with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for 211the corresponding target. 212Note that this only applies to (some of the) 213real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. 214The bytes are used up 215from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention. 216.It Fl S 217include kernel debug symbols (for use by 218.Fl D ) . 219.It Fl Z 220Force load via chip memory. 221Won't work if kernel is larger than the chip memory size or on the 222DraCo. 223.El 224.Pp 225Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a AmigaOS 226filesystem, the file 227.Ar /netbsd 228is often not the same as the actual kernel booted. 229This can cause some programs to fail. 230However, note that you can use third-party Berkeley 231filesystems such as bffs to access the 232.Nx 233root partition from AmigaOS. 234.Sh FILES 235.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1 -compact 236.It Pa /netbsd 237system kernel 238.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1 239RDB device primary boot block for FFSv1 (and ustarfs) 240.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv2 241RDB device primary boot block for FFSv2 242.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_fd 243floppy disk primary boot block 244.It Pa /usr/mdec/boot.amiga 245secondary bootstrap 246.It Pa /boot.amiga 247secondary bootstrap (installed) 248.El 249.Sh SEE ALSO 250.Xr ddb 4 , 251.Xr amiga/installboot 8 , 252.Xr fsck_ffs 8 , 253.Xr newfs 8 , 254.Xr savecore 8 , 255.Xr shutdown 8 256.Sh BUGS 257Due to code size restrictions, you can't currently use an old-style file 258system (created with 259.Xr newfs 8 260-O 261or with 262.Nx 0.9 ) 263with the boot block. 264You can use 265.Ic loadbsd 266to boot from AmigaOS, or upgrade the file system with 267.Ar fsck_ffs -c 2 . 268