1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.11 2003/08/07 10:31:22 agc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" From: 35.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 36.\" 37.Dd April 8, 2003 38.Dt BOOT 8 amiga 39.Os 40.Sh NAME 41.Nm boot 42.Nd 43system bootstrapping procedures 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 46When the 47.Nx 48kernel is booted normally (using one of the two methods discussed below), 49it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. An automatic 50consistency check of the file systems takes place, and unless this 51fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. The proper way 52to shut the system down is with the 53.Xr shutdown 8 54command. 55.Pp 56If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 57.Xr ddb 4 , 58if it is configured in the kernel. If the debugger is not present, 59or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 60configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 61.Xr savecore 8 62during the next boot cycle). After the dump is complete (successful 63or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 64.Ss Booting NetBSD using the bootloader 65When a bootable 66.Nx 67partition is created by means of HDTOOLBOX or another RDB editing program 68and a bootblock has been copied there by 69.Xr installboot 8 70and the boot priority of the 71.Nx 72partition is either the highest or the 73.Nx 74partition is selected by means of the boot menu, 75the Amiga ROM will automatically start the 76.Nx 77bootloader. By default it will, after a short timeout, load the kernel image 78.Pa /netbsd 79and attempt to boot it into multi-user mode. This behaviour can be changed by 80typing in an alternate command sequence. The command line looks like: 81.Bd -ragged -offset indent 82.Ar kernel-path 83.Op Fl abknpqstvADZ 84.Op Fl c Ar model 85.Op Fl m Ar memsize 86.Op Fl n Ar memsegments 87.Op Fl I Ar mask 88.Op Fl S Ar amount 89.Op Fl T Ar amount 90.Ed 91.Pp 92.Bl -tag -width flag 93.It kernel-path 94This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say: 95.Pa /netbsd.old . 96The default is 97.Pa /netbsd . 98.It Fl a 99Autoboot into multi-user mode (default). 100.It Fl b 101Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 102device, and the path to 103.Xr init 8 . 104.It Fl c Ar model 105force machine 106.Ar model . 107Use 32000+(Qlogic chip revision) for the DraCo. 108.It Fl k 109Reserve the first 4M of fastmem. 110.It Fl m Ar memsize 111Force fastmem size to be 112.Ar memsize 113kBytes. 114.It Fl n 115maximum number of 116.Ar segments 117of memory to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 1182 segments, 2: 3 or more segments. 119.It Fl p 120Select kernel load segment by priority instead of size. 121.It Fl q 122Boot in quiet mode. 123.It Fl s 124Boot into single-user mode. 125.It Fl v 126Boot in verbose mode. 127.It Fl D 128Enter the kernel debugger (best used with -S) 129.It Fl I Ar mask 130inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The 131.Ar mask 132is a bitmap expressed in C notation (e.g., 0xff) 133with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for 134the corresponding target. Note that this only applies to (some of the) 135real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. The bytes are used up 136from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention. 137.It Fl S 138Load the kernel symbols 139.El 140.Ss Booting NetBSD using the loadbsd program 141When you want (or have to) start 142.Nx 143from AmigaOS, you have to use the 144.Ic loadbsd 145program that is supplied in the utils directory of the distribution. 146The loadbsd command line specification is: 147.Bd -ragged -offset indent 148.Nm loadbsd 149.Op Fl abknpstADZ 150.Op Fl c Ar model 151.Op Fl m Ar memsize 152.Op Fl n Ar memsegments 153.Op Fl I Ar mask 154.Op Fl S Ar amount 155.Op Fl T Ar amount 156.Ar kernel-path 157.Ed 158.Pp 159Description of options: 160.Bl -tag -width flag 161.It Fl a 162Autoboot into multi-user mode. 163.It Fl b 164Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 165device, and the path to 166.Xr init 8 . 167.It Fl c 168force machine model. 169.It Fl k 170Reserve the first 4M of fastmem. 171.It Fl m 172Force fastmem size to be 173.Ar memsize 174kBytes. 175.It Fl n 176maximum number of 177.Ar segments 178of memory to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 1792 segments, 2: 3 or more segments. 180.It Fl p 181Select kernel load segment by priority instead of size. 182.It Fl s 183Boot into single-user mode. 184.It Fl t 185Test loading of the kernel but don't start 186.Nx . 187.It Fl A 188enable AGA modes. 189.It Fl D 190Enter the kernel debugger after booting. Best with -S. 191.It Fl I Ar mask 192inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The 193.Ar mask 194is a bitmap expressed in hexadecimal (e.g., ff) 195with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for 196the corresponding target. Note that this only applies to (some of the) 197real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. The bytes are used up 198from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention. 199.It Fl S 200include kernel debug symbols (for use by -D). 201.It Fl Z 202Force load via chip memory. Won't work if kernel is larger than the chip 203memory size or on the DraCo. 204.El 205.Pp 206Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a AmigaOS 207filesystem, the file 208.Ar /netbsd 209is often not the same as the actual kernel booted. This can cause some 210programs to fail. However, note that you can use third-party Berkeley 211filesystems such as bffs to access the 212.Nx 213root partition from AmigaOS. 214.Sh FILES 215.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs -compact 216.It Pa /netbsd 217system kernel 218.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs 219RDB device primary boot block 220.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_fd 221floppy disk primary boot block 222.It Pa /usr/mdec/boot.amiga 223secondary bootstrap 224.It Pa /boot.amiga 225secondary bootstrap (installed) 226.El 227.Sh SEE ALSO 228.Xr ddb 4 , 229.Xr fsck_ffs 8 , 230.Xr installboot 8 , 231.Xr newfs 8 , 232.Xr savecore 8 , 233.Xr shutdown 8 234.Sh BUGS 235Due to code size restrictions, you can't currently use an old-style file 236system (created with 237.Xr newfs 8 238-O 239or with 240.Nx 0.9 ) 241with the boot block. You can use 242.Ic loadbsd 243to boot from AmigaOS, or upgrade the file system with 244.Ar fsck_ffs -c 2 . 245