xref: /netbsd-src/external/bsd/tcpdump/dist/print-bgp.c (revision ccd9df534e375a4366c5b55f23782053c7a98d82)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 1999 WIDE Project.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * Extensively modified by Hannes Gredler (hannes@gredler.at) for more
30  * complete BGP support.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 #ifndef lint
35 __RCSID("$NetBSD: print-bgp.c,v 1.12 2023/08/17 20:19:40 christos Exp $");
36 #endif
37 
38 /* \summary: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) printer */
39 
40 /* specification: RFC 4271 */
41 
42 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
43 #include <config.h>
44 #endif
45 
46 #include "netdissect-stdinc.h"
47 
48 #include <stdio.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 
51 #include "netdissect.h"
52 #include "addrtoname.h"
53 #include "extract.h"
54 #include "af.h"
55 #include "l2vpn.h"
56 
57 struct bgp {
58     nd_byte     bgp_marker[16];
59     nd_uint16_t bgp_len;
60     nd_uint8_t  bgp_type;
61 };
62 #define BGP_SIZE        19    /* unaligned */
63 
64 #define BGP_OPEN                1
65 #define BGP_UPDATE              2
66 #define BGP_NOTIFICATION        3
67 #define BGP_KEEPALIVE           4
68 #define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH       5
69 
70 static const struct tok bgp_msg_values[] = {
71     { BGP_OPEN,                 "Open"},
72     { BGP_UPDATE,               "Update"},
73     { BGP_NOTIFICATION,         "Notification"},
74     { BGP_KEEPALIVE,            "Keepalive"},
75     { BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH,        "Route Refresh"},
76     { 0, NULL}
77 };
78 
79 struct bgp_open {
80     nd_byte     bgpo_marker[16];
81     nd_uint16_t bgpo_len;
82     nd_uint8_t  bgpo_type;
83     nd_uint8_t  bgpo_version;
84     nd_uint16_t bgpo_myas;
85     nd_uint16_t bgpo_holdtime;
86     nd_uint32_t bgpo_id;
87     nd_uint8_t  bgpo_optlen;
88     /* options should follow */
89 };
90 #define BGP_OPEN_SIZE        29    /* unaligned */
91 
92 struct bgp_opt {
93     nd_uint8_t bgpopt_type;
94     nd_uint8_t bgpopt_len;
95     /* variable length */
96 };
97 #define BGP_OPT_SIZE           2    /* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
98 #define BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE    2    /* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
99 
100 struct bgp_notification {
101     nd_byte     bgpn_marker[16];
102     nd_uint16_t bgpn_len;
103     nd_uint8_t  bgpn_type;
104     nd_uint8_t  bgpn_major;
105     nd_uint8_t  bgpn_minor;
106 };
107 #define BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE        21    /* unaligned */
108 
109 struct bgp_route_refresh {
110     nd_byte     bgp_marker[16];
111     nd_uint16_t len;
112     nd_uint8_t  type;   /* No padding after this; afi is, in fact, not aligned */
113     nd_uint16_t afi;
114     nd_uint8_t  res;
115     nd_uint8_t  safi;
116 };
117 #define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE          23
118 
119 #define bgp_attr_lenlen(flags, p) \
120     (((flags) & 0x10) ? 2U : 1U)
121 #define bgp_attr_len(flags, p) \
122     (((flags) & 0x10) ? GET_BE_U_2(p) : GET_U_1(p))
123 
124 #define BGPTYPE_ORIGIN                   1
125 #define BGPTYPE_AS_PATH                  2
126 #define BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP                 3
127 #define BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC          4
128 #define BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF               5
129 #define BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE         6
130 #define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR               7
131 #define BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES              8    /* RFC1997 */
132 #define BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID            9    /* RFC4456 */
133 #define BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST            10    /* RFC4456 */
134 #define BGPTYPE_DPA                     11    /* deprecated, draft-ietf-idr-bgp-dpa */
135 #define BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS             12    /* deprecated RFC1863 */
136 #define BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH               13    /* deprecated RFC1863 */
137 #define BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI           14    /* RFC4760 */
138 #define BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI         15    /* RFC4760 */
139 #define BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES        16    /* RFC4360 */
140 #define BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH                17    /* RFC6793 */
141 #define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4             18    /* RFC6793 */
142 #define BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL             22    /* RFC6514 */
143 #define BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP            23    /* RFC5512 */
144 #define BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG             24    /* RFC5543 */
145 #define BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES   25    /* RFC5701 */
146 #define BGPTYPE_AIGP                    26    /* RFC7311 */
147 #define BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL  27    /* RFC6514 */
148 #define BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL           28    /* RFC6790 */
149 #define BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY         32    /* draft-ietf-idr-large-community-05 */
150 #define BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET               128    /* RFC6368 */
151 
152 #define BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE              3    /* End of RIB Marker detection */
153 
154 static const struct tok bgp_attr_values[] = {
155     { BGPTYPE_ORIGIN,           "Origin"},
156     { BGPTYPE_AS_PATH,          "AS Path"},
157     { BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH,         "AS4 Path"},
158     { BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP,         "Next Hop"},
159     { BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC,  "Multi Exit Discriminator"},
160     { BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF,       "Local Preference"},
161     { BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE, "Atomic Aggregate"},
162     { BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR,       "Aggregator"},
163     { BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4,      "Aggregator4"},
164     { BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES,      "Community"},
165     { BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID,    "Originator ID"},
166     { BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST,     "Cluster List"},
167     { BGPTYPE_DPA,              "DPA"},
168     { BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS,      "Advertisers"},
169     { BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH,        "RCID Path / Cluster ID"},
170     { BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI,    "Multi-Protocol Reach NLRI"},
171     { BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI,  "Multi-Protocol Unreach NLRI"},
172     { BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES, "Extended Community"},
173     { BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL,      "PMSI Tunnel"},
174     { BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP,     "Tunnel Encapsulation"},
175     { BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG,      "Traffic Engineering"},
176     { BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES, "IPv6 Extended Community"},
177     { BGPTYPE_AIGP,             "Accumulated IGP Metric"},
178     { BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL, "PE Distinguisher Label"},
179     { BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL,    "Entropy Label"},
180     { BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY,  "Large Community"},
181     { BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET,         "Attribute Set"},
182     { 255,                      "Reserved for development"},
183     { 0, NULL}
184 };
185 
186 #define BGP_AS_SET             1
187 #define BGP_AS_SEQUENCE        2
188 #define BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE 3 /* draft-ietf-idr-rfc3065bis-01 */
189 #define BGP_CONFED_AS_SET      4 /* draft-ietf-idr-rfc3065bis-01  */
190 
191 #define BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN    BGP_AS_SET
192 #define BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX    BGP_CONFED_AS_SET
193 
194 static const struct tok bgp_as_path_segment_open_values[] = {
195     { BGP_AS_SEQUENCE,         ""},
196     { BGP_AS_SET,              "{ "},
197     { BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE,  "( "},
198     { BGP_CONFED_AS_SET,       "({ "},
199     { 0, NULL}
200 };
201 
202 static const struct tok bgp_as_path_segment_close_values[] = {
203     { BGP_AS_SEQUENCE,         ""},
204     { BGP_AS_SET,              "}"},
205     { BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE,  ")"},
206     { BGP_CONFED_AS_SET,       "})"},
207     { 0, NULL}
208 };
209 
210 #define BGP_OPT_AUTH                    1
211 #define BGP_OPT_CAP                     2
212 
213 static const struct tok bgp_opt_values[] = {
214     { BGP_OPT_AUTH,             "Authentication Information"},
215     { BGP_OPT_CAP,              "Capabilities Advertisement"},
216     { 0, NULL}
217 };
218 
219 #define BGP_CAPCODE_MP                  1 /* RFC2858 */
220 #define BGP_CAPCODE_RR                  2 /* RFC2918 */
221 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ORF                 3 /* RFC5291 */
222 #define BGP_CAPCODE_MR                  4 /* RFC3107 */
223 #define BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH              5 /* RFC5549 */
224 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ML                  8 /* RFC8277 */
225 #define BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART            64 /* RFC4724  */
226 #define BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW             65 /* RFC6793 */
227 #define BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP            67 /* draft-ietf-idr-dynamic-cap */
228 #define BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS          68 /* draft-ietf-idr-bgp-multisession */
229 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH           69 /* RFC7911 */
230 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR             70 /* draft-keyur-bgp-enhanced-route-refresh */
231 #define BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR               71 /* draft-uttaro-idr-bgp-persistence-05 */
232 #define BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO          128
233 
234 static const struct tok bgp_capcode_values[] = {
235     { BGP_CAPCODE_MP,           "Multiprotocol Extensions"},
236     { BGP_CAPCODE_RR,           "Route Refresh"},
237     { BGP_CAPCODE_ORF,          "Cooperative Route Filtering"},
238     { BGP_CAPCODE_MR,           "Multiple Routes to a Destination"},
239     { BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH,       "Extended Next Hop Encoding"},
240     { BGP_CAPCODE_ML,           "Multiple Labels"},
241     { BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART,      "Graceful Restart"},
242     { BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW,       "32-Bit AS Number"},
243     { BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP,      "Dynamic Capability"},
244     { BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS,    "Multisession BGP"},
245     { BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH,     "Multiple Paths"},
246     { BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR,       "Enhanced Route Refresh"},
247     { BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR,         "Long-lived Graceful Restart"},
248     { BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO,     "Route Refresh (Cisco)"},
249     { 0, NULL}
250 };
251 
252 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG            1
253 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN           2
254 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE         3
255 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_HOLDTIME       4
256 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM            5
257 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE          6
258 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP            7
259 
260 static const struct tok bgp_notify_major_values[] = {
261     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG,     "Message Header Error"},
262     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN,    "OPEN Message Error"},
263     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE,  "UPDATE Message Error"},
264     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_HOLDTIME,"Hold Timer Expired"},
265     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM,     "Finite State Machine Error"},
266     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE,   "Cease"},
267     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP,     "Capability Message Error"},
268     { 0, NULL}
269 };
270 
271 /* RFC 4486 */
272 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX  1
273 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT     2
274 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET    4
275 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_cease_values[] = {
276     { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX, "Maximum Number of Prefixes Reached"},
277     { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT,    "Administrative Shutdown"},
278     { 3,                        "Peer Unconfigured"},
279     { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET,   "Administrative Reset"},
280     { 5,                        "Connection Rejected"},
281     { 6,                        "Other Configuration Change"},
282     { 7,                        "Connection Collision Resolution"},
283     { 0, NULL}
284 };
285 
286 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_msg_values[] = {
287     { 1,                        "Connection Not Synchronized"},
288     { 2,                        "Bad Message Length"},
289     { 3,                        "Bad Message Type"},
290     { 0, NULL}
291 };
292 
293 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_open_values[] = {
294     { 1,                        "Unsupported Version Number"},
295     { 2,                        "Bad Peer AS"},
296     { 3,                        "Bad BGP Identifier"},
297     { 4,                        "Unsupported Optional Parameter"},
298     { 5,                        "Authentication Failure"},
299     { 6,                        "Unacceptable Hold Time"},
300     { 7,                        "Capability Message Error"},
301     { 0, NULL}
302 };
303 
304 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_update_values[] = {
305     { 1,                        "Malformed Attribute List"},
306     { 2,                        "Unrecognized Well-known Attribute"},
307     { 3,                        "Missing Well-known Attribute"},
308     { 4,                        "Attribute Flags Error"},
309     { 5,                        "Attribute Length Error"},
310     { 6,                        "Invalid ORIGIN Attribute"},
311     { 7,                        "AS Routing Loop"},
312     { 8,                        "Invalid NEXT_HOP Attribute"},
313     { 9,                        "Optional Attribute Error"},
314     { 10,                       "Invalid Network Field"},
315     { 11,                       "Malformed AS_PATH"},
316     { 0, NULL}
317 };
318 
319 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values[] = {
320     { 0,                        "Unspecified Error"},
321     { 1,                        "In OpenSent State"},
322     { 2,                        "In OpenConfirm State"},
323     { 3,                        "In Established State"},
324     { 0, NULL }
325 };
326 
327 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_cap_values[] = {
328     { 1,                        "Invalid Action Value" },
329     { 2,                        "Invalid Capability Length" },
330     { 3,                        "Malformed Capability Value" },
331     { 4,                        "Unsupported Capability Code" },
332     { 0, NULL }
333 };
334 
335 static const struct tok bgp_origin_values[] = {
336     { 0,                        "IGP"},
337     { 1,                        "EGP"},
338     { 2,                        "Incomplete"},
339     { 0, NULL}
340 };
341 
342 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP 1
343 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP  2
344 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM   3
345 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM    4
346 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR 5
347 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS   6
348 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP 7
349 
350 static const struct tok bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values[] = {
351     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP, "RSVP-TE P2MP LSP"},
352     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP, "LDP P2MP LSP"},
353     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM, "PIM-SSM Tree"},
354     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM, "PIM-SM Tree"},
355     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR, "PIM-Bidir Tree"},
356     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS, "Ingress Replication"},
357     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP, "LDP MP2MP LSP"},
358     { 0, NULL}
359 };
360 
361 static const struct tok bgp_pmsi_flag_values[] = {
362     { 0x01, "Leaf Information required"},
363     { 0, NULL}
364 };
365 
366 #define BGP_AIGP_TLV 1
367 
368 static const struct tok bgp_aigp_values[] = {
369     { BGP_AIGP_TLV, "AIGP"},
370     { 0, NULL}
371 };
372 
373 /* Subsequent address family identifier, RFC2283 section 7 */
374 #define SAFNUM_RES                      0
375 #define SAFNUM_UNICAST                  1
376 #define SAFNUM_MULTICAST                2
377 #define SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST             3       /* deprecated now */
378 /* labeled BGP RFC3107 */
379 #define SAFNUM_LABUNICAST               4
380 /* RFC6514 */
381 #define SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN            5
382 /* draft-nalawade-kapoor-tunnel-safi */
383 #define SAFNUM_TUNNEL                   64
384 /* RFC4761 */
385 #define SAFNUM_VPLS                     65
386 /* RFC6037 */
387 #define SAFNUM_MDT                      66
388 /* RFC7432 */
389 #define SAFNUM_EVPN                     70
390 /* RFC4364 */
391 #define SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST               128
392 /* RFC6513 */
393 #define SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST             129
394 #define SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST          130     /* deprecated now */
395 /* RFC4684 */
396 #define SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO          132
397 
398 #define BGP_VPN_RD_LEN                  8
399 
400 static const struct tok bgp_safi_values[] = {
401     { SAFNUM_RES,               "Reserved"},
402     { SAFNUM_UNICAST,           "Unicast"},
403     { SAFNUM_MULTICAST,         "Multicast"},
404     { SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST,      "Unicast+Multicast"},
405     { SAFNUM_LABUNICAST,        "labeled Unicast"},
406     { SAFNUM_TUNNEL,            "Tunnel"},
407     { SAFNUM_VPLS,              "VPLS"},
408     { SAFNUM_MDT,               "MDT"},
409     { SAFNUM_EVPN,              "EVPN"},
410     { SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST,        "labeled VPN Unicast"},
411     { SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST,      "labeled VPN Multicast"},
412     { SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST,   "labeled VPN Unicast+Multicast"},
413     { SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO,   "Route Target Routing Information"},
414     { SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN,     "Multicast VPN"},
415     { 0, NULL }
416 };
417 
418 /* well-known community */
419 #define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT              0xffffff01
420 #define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT              0xffffff02
421 #define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED    0xffffff03
422 
423 /* Extended community type - RFC 4360 */
424 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0        0x0002  /* Route Target,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
425 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1        0x0102  /* Route Target,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
426 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2        0x0202  /* Route Target,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
427 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0        0x0003  /* Route Origin,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
428 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1        0x0103  /* Route Origin,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
429 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2        0x0203  /* Route Origin,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
430 #define BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND    0x4004  /* Link Bandwidth,Format AS(2B):Bandwidth(4B) */
431                                         /* rfc2547 bgp-mpls-vpns */
432 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN  0x0005  /* OSPF Domain ID / VPN of Origin  - draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls */
433 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2 0x0105  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
434 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3 0x0205  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
435 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4 0x8005  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
436 
437 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE  0x0306  /* OSPF Route Type,Format Area(4B):RouteType(1B):Options(1B) */
438 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2 0x8000  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
439 #define BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP       0x030c  /* rfc5512 */
440 
441 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID    0x0107  /* OSPF Router ID,Format RouterID(4B):Unused(2B) */
442 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2   0x8001  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
443 
444 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO      0x800a  /* draft-kompella-ppvpn-l2vpn */
445 
446 #define BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS   0x0009  /* RFC-ietf-l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp-08.txt */
447 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP  0x010b  /* RFC-ietf-l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp-08.txt */
448 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0  0x000a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
449 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1  0xF10a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
450 
451 /* https://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk436/tk428/technologies_tech_note09186a00801eb09a.shtml  */
452 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN                    0x8800
453 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY        0x8801
454 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW       0x8802
455 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU        0x8803
456 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID        0x8804
457 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC 0x8805
458 
459 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_flag_values[] = {
460     { 0x8000,                  "vendor-specific"},
461     { 0x4000,                  "non-transitive"},
462     { 0, NULL},
463 };
464 
465 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values[] = {
466     { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0,        "target"},
467     { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1,        "target"},
468     { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2,        "target"},
469     { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0,        "origin"},
470     { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1,        "origin"},
471     { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2,        "origin"},
472     { BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND,    "link-BW"},
473     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN,  "ospf-domain"},
474     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2, "ospf-domain"},
475     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3, "ospf-domain"},
476     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4, "ospf-domain"},
477     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE,  "ospf-route-type"},
478     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2, "ospf-route-type"},
479     { BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP,       "encapsulation"},
480     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID,    "ospf-router-id"},
481     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2,   "ospf-router-id"},
482     { BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO,      "layer2-info"},
483     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN,   "eigrp-general-route (flag, tag)" },
484     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY, "eigrp-route-metric (AS, delay)" },
485     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW, "eigrp-route-metric (reliability, nexthop, bandwidth)" },
486     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU, "eigrp-route-metric (load, MTU)" },
487     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID, "eigrp-external-route (remote-AS, remote-ID)" },
488     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC, "eigrp-external-route (remote-proto, remote-metric)" },
489     { BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS, "source-AS" },
490     { BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP, "vrf-route-import"},
491     { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0, "l2vpn-id"},
492     { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1, "l2vpn-id"},
493     { 0, NULL},
494 };
495 
496 /* RFC RFC5512 BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute Tunnel Types */
497 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_L2TPV3_IP  1
498 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_GRE        2
499 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_TRANSMIT   3
500 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPSEC      4
501 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IPSEC   5
502 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_IP    6
503 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IP      7
504 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN      8
505 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_NVGRE      9
506 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS       10
507 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_GRE   11
508 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN_GPE  12
509 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_UDP   13
510 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPV6       14
511 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR_TE      15
512 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_BARE       16
513 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR         17
514 
515 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_encap_tunnel_values[] = {
516     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_L2TPV3_IP,    "L2TPv3 over IP"},
517     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_GRE,          "GRE"},
518     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_TRANSMIT,     "Transmit Tunnel"},
519     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPSEC,        "IPsec"},
520     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IPSEC,     "IP in IP with IPsec"},
521     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_IP,      "MPLS in IP with IPsec"},
522     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IP,        "IP in IP"},
523     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN,        "VXLAN"},
524     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_NVGRE,        "NVGRE"},
525     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS,         "MPLS"},
526     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_GRE,     "MPLS in GRE"},
527     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN_GPE,    "VXLAN GPE"},
528     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_UDP,     "MPLS in UDP"},
529     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPV6,         "IPv6"},
530     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR_TE,        "SR TE"},
531     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_BARE,         "Bare"},
532     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR,           "SR"},
533     { 0, NULL},
534 };
535 
536 /* OSPF codes for  BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls  */
537 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR      1 /* OSPF Router LSA */
538 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET      2 /* OSPF Network LSA */
539 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SUM      3 /* OSPF Summary LSA */
540 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT      5 /* OSPF External LSA, note that ASBR doesn't apply to MPLS-VPN */
541 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA     7 /* OSPF NSSA External*/
542 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SHAM     129 /* OSPF-MPLS-VPN Sham link */
543 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE 0x1 /* LSB of RTYPE Options Field */
544 
545 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values[] = {
546   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR, "Router" },
547   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET, "Network" },
548   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SUM, "Summary" },
549   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT, "External" },
550   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA,"NSSA External" },
551   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SHAM,"MPLS-VPN Sham" },
552   { 0, NULL },
553 };
554 
555 /* ADD-PATH Send/Receive field values */
556 static const struct tok bgp_add_path_recvsend[] = {
557     { 1, "Receive" },
558     { 2, "Send" },
559     { 3, "Both" },
560     { 0, NULL },
561 };
562 
563 #define AS_STR_SIZE sizeof("xxxxx.xxxxx")
564 
565 /*
566  * as_printf
567  *
568  * Convert an AS number into a string and return string pointer.
569  *
570  * Depending on bflag is set or not, AS number is converted into ASDOT notation
571  * or plain number notation.
572  *
573  */
574 static char *
575 as_printf(netdissect_options *ndo,
576           char *str, size_t size, u_int asnum)
577 {
578     if (!ndo->ndo_bflag || asnum <= 0xFFFF) {
579         snprintf(str, size, "%u", asnum);
580     } else {
581         snprintf(str, size, "%u.%u", asnum >> 16, asnum & 0xFFFF);
582     }
583     return str;
584 }
585 
586 #define ITEMCHECK(minlen) if (itemlen < minlen) goto badtlv;
587 
588 int
589 decode_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
590                const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
591 {
592     nd_ipv4 addr;
593     u_int plen, plenbytes;
594 
595     ITEMCHECK(1);
596     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);
597     if (32 < plen)
598         return -1;
599     itemlen -= 1;
600 
601     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
602     plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
603     ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
604     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 1, plenbytes);
605     if (plen % 8) {
606         ((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
607     }
608     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u", ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr), plen);
609     return 1 + plenbytes;
610 
611 badtlv:
612     return -2;
613 }
614 
615 static int
616 decode_labeled_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
617                        const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf,
618                        size_t buflen)
619 {
620     nd_ipv4 addr;
621     u_int plen, plenbytes;
622 
623     /* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
624     ND_TCHECK_4(pptr);
625     ITEMCHECK(4);
626     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
627 
628     /* this is one of the weirdnesses of rfc3107
629        the label length (actually the label + COS bits)
630        is added to the prefix length;
631        we also do only read out just one label -
632        there is no real application for advertisement of
633        stacked labels in a single BGP message
634     */
635 
636     if (24 > plen)
637         return -1;
638 
639     plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */
640 
641     if (32 < plen)
642         return -1;
643     itemlen -= 4;
644 
645     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
646     plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
647     ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
648     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 4, plenbytes);
649     if (plen % 8) {
650         ((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
651     }
652     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
653     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u, label:%u %s",
654              ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
655              plen,
656              GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
657              ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
658 
659     return 4 + plenbytes;
660 
661 trunc:
662     return -2;
663 
664 badtlv:
665     return -3;
666 }
667 
668 /*
669  * bgp_vpn_ip_print
670  *
671  * print an ipv4 or ipv6 address into a buffer dependent on address length.
672  */
673 static char *
674 bgp_vpn_ip_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
675                  const u_char *pptr, u_int addr_length)
676 {
677 
678     /* worst case string is s fully formatted v6 address */
679     static char addr[sizeof("1234:5678:89ab:cdef:1234:5678:89ab:cdef")];
680     char *pos = addr;
681 
682     switch(addr_length) {
683     case (sizeof(nd_ipv4) << 3): /* 32 */
684         snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr));
685         break;
686     case (sizeof(nd_ipv6) << 3): /* 128 */
687         snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", GET_IP6ADDR_STRING(pptr));
688         break;
689     default:
690         snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "bogus address length %u", addr_length);
691         break;
692     }
693     pos += strlen(pos);
694 
695     *(pos) = '\0';
696     return (addr);
697 }
698 
699 /*
700  * bgp_vpn_sg_print
701  *
702  * print an multicast s,g entry into a buffer.
703  * the s,g entry is encoded like this.
704  *
705  * +-----------------------------------+
706  * | Multicast Source Length (1 octet) |
707  * +-----------------------------------+
708  * |   Multicast Source (Variable)     |
709  * +-----------------------------------+
710  * |  Multicast Group Length (1 octet) |
711  * +-----------------------------------+
712  * |  Multicast Group   (Variable)     |
713  * +-----------------------------------+
714  *
715  * return the number of bytes read from the wire.
716  */
717 static u_int
718 bgp_vpn_sg_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
719                  const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
720 {
721     uint8_t addr_length;
722     u_int total_length, offset;
723 
724     total_length = 0;
725 
726     /* Source address length, encoded in bits */
727     addr_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
728     pptr++;
729 
730     /* Source address */
731     ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, (addr_length >> 3));
732     total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
733     offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
734     if (addr_length) {
735         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Source %s",
736              bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
737         pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
738     }
739 
740     /* Group address length, encoded in bits */
741     addr_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
742     pptr++;
743 
744     /* Group address */
745     ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, (addr_length >> 3));
746     total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
747     offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
748     if (addr_length) {
749         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Group %s",
750              bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
751         pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
752     }
753 
754 trunc:
755     return (total_length);
756 }
757 
758 /* Print an RFC 4364 Route Distinguisher */
759 const char *
760 bgp_vpn_rd_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
761                  const u_char *pptr)
762 {
763     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
764     static char rd[sizeof("xxxxx.xxxxx:xxxxx (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:xxxxx)")];
765     char *pos = rd;
766     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
767     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
768 
769     /* ok lets load the RD format */
770     switch (GET_BE_U_2(pptr)) {
771 
772     case 0:
773         /* 2-byte-AS:number fmt */
774         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u:%u (= %u.%u.%u.%u)",
775                     GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2),
776                     GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 4),
777                     GET_U_1(pptr + 4), GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
778                     GET_U_1(pptr + 6), GET_U_1(pptr + 7));
779         break;
780 
781     case 1:
782         /* IP-address:AS fmt */
783         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u.%u.%u.%u:%u",
784                     GET_U_1(pptr + 2), GET_U_1(pptr + 3),
785                     GET_U_1(pptr + 4), GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
786                     GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
787         break;
788 
789     case 2:
790         /* 4-byte-AS:number fmt */
791         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%s:%u (%u.%u.%u.%u:%u)",
792                     as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 2)),
793                     GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6), GET_U_1(pptr + 2),
794                     GET_U_1(pptr + 3), GET_U_1(pptr + 4),
795                     GET_U_1(pptr + 5), GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
796         break;
797     default:
798         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "unknown RD format");
799         break;
800     }
801     pos += strlen(pos);
802     *(pos) = '\0';
803     return (rd);
804 }
805 
806 /*
807  * Print an RFC 4360 Extended Community.
808  */
809 static void
810 bgp_extended_community_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
811                              const u_char *pptr)
812 {
813     union { /* copy buffer for bandwidth values */
814         float f;
815         uint32_t i;
816     } bw;
817     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
818     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
819 
820     switch (GET_BE_U_2(pptr)) {
821 
822     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0:
823     case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0:
824     case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0:
825         ND_PRINT("%u:%u (= %s)",
826                  GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2),
827                  GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 4),
828                  GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+4));
829         break;
830 
831     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1:
832     case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1:
833     case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1:
834     case BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP:
835         ND_PRINT("%s:%u",
836                  GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+2),
837                  GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
838         break;
839 
840     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2:
841         case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2:
842             ND_PRINT("%s:%u",
843                      as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
844                      GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 2)), GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
845             break;
846 
847     case BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND:
848             bw.i = GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 4);
849             ND_PRINT("bandwidth: %.3f Mbps",
850                      bw.f*8/1000000);
851             break;
852 
853     case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN:
854     case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2:
855     case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3:
856     case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4:
857     case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID:
858     case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2:
859         ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+2));
860         break;
861 
862     case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE:
863     case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2:
864         ND_PRINT("area:%s, router-type:%s, metric-type:%s%s",
865                  GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+2),
866                  tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values,
867                          "unknown (0x%02x)",
868                          GET_U_1((pptr + 6))),
869                  (GET_U_1(pptr + 7) &  BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE) ? "E2" : "",
870                  ((GET_U_1(pptr + 6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT) || (GET_U_1(pptr + 6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA)) ? "E1" : "");
871         break;
872 
873     case BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO:
874         ND_PRINT("%s Control Flags [0x%02x]:MTU %u",
875                  tok2str(l2vpn_encaps_values,
876                          "unknown encaps",
877                          GET_U_1((pptr + 2))),
878                  GET_U_1((pptr + 3)),
879                  GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 4));
880         break;
881 
882     case BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS:
883         ND_PRINT("AS %u", GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2));
884         break;
885 
886     case BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP:
887         ND_PRINT("Tunnel type: %s", tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_encap_tunnel_values,
888                                            "unknown encaps",
889                                            GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6)));
890         break;
891 
892     default:
893         ND_PRINT("%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
894                  GET_U_1(pptr + 2),
895                  GET_U_1(pptr + 3),
896                  GET_U_1(pptr + 4),
897                  GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
898                  GET_U_1(pptr + 6),
899                  GET_U_1(pptr + 7));
900         break;
901     }
902 }
903 
904 /*
905  * RFC4684 (Section 4)/RFC2858 (Section 4).
906  * RTC membership prefix is structured as follows
907  * [prefix-len] [origin-as] [route-target]
908  * The route-target is encoded as RT ext-comms.
909  * Prefix-len may be 0, 32..96
910  *
911  * Note that pptr is not packet data - it is
912  * a buffer owned by our caller - therefore GET_*
913  * macros can not be used.
914  */
915 static char *
916 bgp_rt_prefix_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
917                     const u_char *pptr,
918                     u_int plen)
919 {
920     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
921     char rtc_prefix_in_hex[sizeof("0000 0000 0000 0000")] = "";
922     u_int rtc_prefix_in_hex_len = 0;
923     static char output[61]; /* max response string */
924     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
925     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
926     uint16_t ec_type = 0;
927     u_int octet_count;
928     u_int i;
929 
930     if (plen == 0) {
931         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: 0:0/0");
932         return (output);
933     }
934 
935     /* hex representation of the prefix */
936     octet_count = (plen+7)/8;
937     for (i=0; i<octet_count; i++) {
938         rtc_prefix_in_hex_len += snprintf(rtc_prefix_in_hex+rtc_prefix_in_hex_len,
939                                 sizeof(rtc_prefix_in_hex)-rtc_prefix_in_hex_len,
940                                 "%02x%s", *(pptr+i),
941                                 ((i%2 == 1) && (i<octet_count-1)) ? " " : "");
942             }
943 
944     if (plen < 16) {
945 	/*
946 	 * The prefix is too short to include the full ext-comm type,
947 	 * so we have no way to parse it further.
948 	 */
949         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: partial-type: (%s/%d)",
950                  rtc_prefix_in_hex, plen);
951         return (output);
952     }
953 
954     /*
955      * get the ext-comm type
956      * Note: pptr references a static 8 octet buffer with unused bits set to 0,
957      * hence EXTRACT_*() macros are safe.
958      */
959     ec_type = EXTRACT_BE_U_2(pptr);
960     switch (ec_type) {
961     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0:
962         /* 2-byte-AS:number fmt */
963         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: %u:%u/%d (%s)",
964                  EXTRACT_BE_U_2(pptr+2),
965                  EXTRACT_BE_U_4(pptr+4),
966                  plen, rtc_prefix_in_hex);
967         break;
968 
969     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1:
970         /* IP-address:AS fmt */
971         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: %u.%u.%u.%u:%u/%d (%s)",
972                  *(pptr+2), *(pptr+3), *(pptr+4), *(pptr+5),
973                  EXTRACT_BE_U_2(pptr+6), plen, rtc_prefix_in_hex);
974         break;
975 
976     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2:
977         /* 4-byte-AS:number fmt */
978         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: %s:%u/%d (%s)",
979                  as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_BE_U_4(pptr+2)),
980                  EXTRACT_BE_U_2(pptr+6), plen, rtc_prefix_in_hex);
981         break;
982 
983     default:
984         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route target: unknown-type(%04x) (%s/%d)",
985                  ec_type,
986                  rtc_prefix_in_hex, plen);
987         break;
988     }
989     return (output);
990 }
991 
992 /* RFC 4684 */
993 static int
994 decode_rt_routing_info(netdissect_options *ndo,
995                        const u_char *pptr)
996 {
997     uint8_t route_target[8];
998     u_int plen;
999     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
1000     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
1001     u_int num_octets;
1002 
1003     /* NLRI "prefix length" from RFC 2858 Section 4. */
1004     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
1005 
1006     /* NLRI "prefix" (ibid), valid lengths are { 0, 32, 33, ..., 96 } bits.
1007      * RFC 4684 Section 4 defines the layout of "origin AS" and "route
1008      * target" fields inside the "prefix" depending on its length.
1009      */
1010     if (0 == plen) {
1011         /* Without "origin AS", without "route target". */
1012         ND_PRINT("\n\t      default route target");
1013         return 1;
1014     }
1015 
1016     if (32 > plen) {
1017         ND_PRINT("\n\t      (illegal prefix length)");
1018         return -1;
1019     }
1020 
1021     /* With at least "origin AS", possibly with "route target". */
1022     as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 1));
1023 
1024     plen -= 32; /* adjust prefix length */
1025 
1026     if (64 < plen) {
1027         ND_PRINT("\n\t      (illegal prefix length)");
1028         return -1;
1029     }
1030 
1031     /* From now on (plen + 7) / 8 evaluates to { 0, 1, 2, ..., 8 }
1032      * and gives the number of octets in the variable-length "route
1033      * target" field inside this NLRI "prefix". Look for it.
1034      */
1035     memset(&route_target, 0, sizeof(route_target));
1036     num_octets = (plen + 7) / 8;
1037     GET_CPY_BYTES(&route_target, pptr + 5, num_octets);
1038     /* If mask-len is not on octet boundary, ensure all extra bits are 0 */
1039     if (plen % 8) {
1040         ((u_char *)&route_target)[num_octets - 1] &=
1041             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1042     }
1043     ND_PRINT("\n\t      origin AS: %s, %s",
1044              astostr,
1045              bgp_rt_prefix_print(ndo, (u_char *)&route_target, plen));
1046 
1047     return 5 + num_octets;
1048 }
1049 
1050 static int
1051 decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
1052                            const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1053 {
1054     nd_ipv4 addr;
1055     u_int plen;
1056 
1057     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
1058 
1059     if ((24+64) > plen)
1060         return -1;
1061 
1062     plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
1063 
1064     if (32 < plen)
1065         return -1;
1066 
1067     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1068     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
1069     if (plen % 8) {
1070         ((u_char *)&addr)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
1071             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1072     }
1073     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1074     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
1075                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
1076                 ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
1077                 plen,
1078                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
1079                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
1080 
1081     return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
1082 }
1083 
1084 /*
1085  * +-------------------------------+
1086  * |                               |
1087  * |  RD:IPv4-address (12 octets)  |
1088  * |                               |
1089  * +-------------------------------+
1090  * |  MDT Group-address (4 octets) |
1091  * +-------------------------------+
1092  */
1093 
1094 #define MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN 16
1095 
1096 static int
1097 decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(netdissect_options *ndo,
1098                     const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1099 {
1100     const u_char *rd;
1101     const u_char *vpn_ip;
1102 
1103     /* if the NLRI is not predefined length, quit.*/
1104     if (GET_U_1(pptr) != MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN * 8)
1105         return -1;
1106     pptr++;
1107 
1108     /* RD */
1109     ND_TCHECK_8(pptr);
1110     rd = pptr;
1111     pptr += 8;
1112 
1113     /* IPv4 address */
1114     vpn_ip = pptr;
1115     pptr += sizeof(nd_ipv4);
1116 
1117     /* MDT Group Address */
1118     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, VPN IP Address: %s, MC Group Address: %s",
1119                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, rd), GET_IPADDR_STRING(vpn_ip), GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr));
1120 
1121     return MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN + 1;
1122 
1123  trunc:
1124     return -2;
1125 }
1126 
1127 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI   1
1128 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI   2
1129 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI            3
1130 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF 4
1131 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE     5
1132 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN  6
1133 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN  7
1134 
1135 static const struct tok bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values[] = {
1136     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI, "Intra-AS I-PMSI"},
1137     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI, "Inter-AS I-PMSI"},
1138     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI, "S-PMSI"},
1139     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF, "Intra-AS Segment-Leaf"},
1140     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE, "Source-Active"},
1141     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN, "Shared Tree Join"},
1142     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN, "Source Tree Join"},
1143     { 0, NULL}
1144 };
1145 
1146 UNALIGNED_OK
1147 static int
1148 decode_multicast_vpn(netdissect_options *ndo,
1149                      const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1150 {
1151     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
1152     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
1153     uint8_t route_type, route_length;
1154     u_int addr_length, sg_length;
1155     u_int offset;
1156 
1157     route_type = GET_U_1(pptr);
1158     pptr++;
1159     route_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
1160     pptr++;
1161 
1162     snprintf(buf, buflen, "Route-Type: %s (%u), length: %u",
1163          tok2str(bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values,
1164                  "Unknown", route_type),
1165          route_type, route_length);
1166 
1167     switch(route_type) {
1168     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI:
1169         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
1170         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1171         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Originator %s",
1172                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1173                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,
1174                                      (route_length - BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) << 3));
1175         break;
1176     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI:
1177         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
1178         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1179         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
1180         bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1181         as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
1182         GET_BE_U_4(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
1183         break;
1184 
1185     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI:
1186         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
1187         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1188         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
1189                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
1190         pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
1191 
1192         sg_length = bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
1193         addr_length =  route_length - sg_length;
1194 
1195         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, addr_length);
1196         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1197         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Originator %s",
1198                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length << 3));
1199         break;
1200 
1201     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE:
1202         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
1203         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1204         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
1205                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
1206         pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
1207 
1208         bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
1209         break;
1210 
1211     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN: /* fall through */
1212     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN:
1213         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
1214         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1215         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
1216                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1217                     as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
1218                     GET_BE_U_4(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
1219         pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4;
1220 
1221         bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
1222         break;
1223 
1224         /*
1225          * no per route-type printing yet.
1226          */
1227     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF:
1228     default:
1229         break;
1230     }
1231 
1232     return route_length + 2;
1233 
1234 trunc:
1235     return -2;
1236 }
1237 
1238 /*
1239  * As I remember, some versions of systems have an snprintf() that
1240  * returns -1 if the buffer would have overflowed.  If the return
1241  * value is negative, set buflen to 0, to indicate that we've filled
1242  * the buffer up.
1243  *
1244  * If the return value is greater than buflen, that means that
1245  * the buffer would have overflowed; again, set buflen to 0 in
1246  * that case.
1247  */
1248 #define UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen) \
1249     if (stringlen<0) \
1250         buflen=0; \
1251     else if ((u_int)stringlen>buflen) \
1252         buflen=0; \
1253     else { \
1254         buflen-=stringlen; \
1255         buf+=stringlen; \
1256     }
1257 
1258 static int
1259 decode_labeled_vpn_l2(netdissect_options *ndo,
1260                       const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1261 {
1262     u_int plen, tlen, tlv_type, tlv_len, ttlv_len;
1263     int stringlen;
1264 
1265     plen = GET_BE_U_2(pptr);
1266     tlen = plen;
1267     pptr += 2;
1268     /* Old and new L2VPN NLRI share AFI/SAFI
1269      *   -> Assume a 12 Byte-length NLRI is auto-discovery-only
1270      *      and > 17 as old format. Complain for the middle case
1271      */
1272     if (plen == 12) {
1273         /* assume AD-only with RD, BGPNH */
1274         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, 12);
1275         buf[0] = '\0';
1276         stringlen = snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, BGPNH: %s",
1277                                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1278                                 GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+8));
1279         UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1280         pptr += 12;
1281         tlen -= 12;
1282         return plen + 2;
1283     } else if (plen > 17) {
1284         /* assume old format */
1285         /* RD, ID, LBLKOFF, LBLBASE */
1286 
1287         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, 15);
1288         buf[0] = '\0';
1289         stringlen = snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, CE-ID: %u, Label-Block Offset: %u, Label Base %u",
1290                                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1291                                 GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 8),
1292                                 GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 10),
1293                                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 12)>>4); /* the label is offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1294         UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1295         pptr += 15;
1296         tlen -= 15;
1297 
1298         /* ok now the variable part - lets read out TLVs*/
1299         while (tlen != 0) {
1300             if (tlen < 3) {
1301                 if (buflen != 0) {
1302                     stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tran past the end");
1303                     UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1304                 }
1305                 return plen + 2;
1306             }
1307             tlv_type = GET_U_1(pptr);
1308             pptr++;
1309             tlv_len = GET_BE_U_2(pptr);  /* length, in *bits* */
1310             ttlv_len = (tlv_len + 7)/8;      /* length, in *bytes* */
1311             pptr += 2;
1312 
1313             switch(tlv_type) {
1314             case 1:
1315                 if (buflen != 0) {
1316                     stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tcircuit status vector (%u) length: %u: 0x",
1317                                           tlv_type,
1318                                           tlv_len);
1319                     UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1320                 }
1321                 while (ttlv_len != 0) {
1322                     if (tlen < 1) {
1323                         if (buflen != 0) {
1324                             stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, " (ran past the end)");
1325                             UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1326                         }
1327                         return plen + 2;
1328                     }
1329                     ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
1330                     if (buflen != 0) {
1331                         stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "%02x",
1332                                               GET_U_1(pptr));
1333                         pptr++;
1334                         UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1335                     }
1336                     ttlv_len--;
1337                     tlen--;
1338                 }
1339                 break;
1340             default:
1341                 if (buflen != 0) {
1342                     stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tunknown TLV #%u, length: %u",
1343                                           tlv_type,
1344                                           tlv_len);
1345                     UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1346                 }
1347                 if (tlen < ttlv_len) {
1348                     if (buflen != 0) {
1349                         stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, " (ran past the end)");
1350                         UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1351                     }
1352                     return plen + 2;
1353                 }
1354                 tlen -= ttlv_len;
1355                 break;
1356             }
1357         }
1358         return plen + 2;
1359     } else {
1360         /* complain bitterly ? */
1361         /* fall through */
1362         goto trunc;
1363     }
1364 
1365 trunc:
1366     return -2;
1367 }
1368 
1369 int
1370 decode_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
1371                const u_char *pd, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1372 {
1373     nd_ipv6 addr;
1374     u_int plen, plenbytes;
1375 
1376     ITEMCHECK(1);
1377     plen = GET_U_1(pd);
1378     if (128 < plen)
1379         return -1;
1380     itemlen -= 1;
1381 
1382     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1383     plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
1384     ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
1385     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pd + 1, plenbytes);
1386     if (plen % 8) {
1387         addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
1388             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1389     }
1390     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u", ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr), plen);
1391     return 1 + plenbytes;
1392 
1393 badtlv:
1394     return -2;
1395 }
1396 
1397 static int
1398 decode_labeled_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
1399                const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1400 {
1401     nd_ipv6 addr;
1402     u_int plen, plenbytes;
1403 
1404     /* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
1405     ND_TCHECK_4(pptr);
1406     ITEMCHECK(4);
1407     plen = GET_U_1(pptr); /* get prefix length */
1408 
1409     if (24 > plen)
1410         return -1;
1411 
1412     plen -= 24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */
1413 
1414     if (128 < plen)
1415         return -1;
1416     itemlen -= 4;
1417 
1418     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1419     plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
1420     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 4, plenbytes);
1421     if (plen % 8) {
1422         addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
1423             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1424     }
1425     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1426     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u, label:%u %s",
1427                 ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
1428                 plen,
1429                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
1430                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
1431 
1432     return 4 + plenbytes;
1433 
1434 trunc:
1435     return -2;
1436 
1437 badtlv:
1438     return -3;
1439 }
1440 
1441 static int
1442 decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
1443                            const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1444 {
1445     nd_ipv6 addr;
1446     u_int plen;
1447 
1448     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
1449 
1450     if ((24+64) > plen)
1451         return -1;
1452 
1453     plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
1454 
1455     if (128 < plen)
1456         return -1;
1457 
1458     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1459     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
1460     if (plen % 8) {
1461         addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
1462             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1463     }
1464     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1465     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
1466                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
1467                 ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
1468                 plen,
1469                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
1470                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
1471 
1472     return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
1473 }
1474 
1475 static int
1476 decode_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
1477                    const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1478 {
1479     uint8_t addr[19];
1480     u_int plen;
1481 
1482     plen = GET_U_1(pptr); /* get prefix length */
1483 
1484     if (152 < plen)
1485         return -1;
1486 
1487     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1488     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 4, (plen + 7) / 8);
1489     if (plen % 8) {
1490         addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
1491             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1492     }
1493     /* Cannot use GET_ISONSAP_STRING (not packet buffer pointer) */
1494     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u",
1495                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
1496                 plen);
1497 
1498     return 1 + (plen + 7) / 8;
1499 }
1500 
1501 static int
1502 decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
1503                                const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1504 {
1505     uint8_t addr[19];
1506     u_int plen;
1507 
1508     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
1509 
1510     if ((24+64) > plen)
1511         return -1;
1512 
1513     plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
1514 
1515     if (152 < plen)
1516         return -1;
1517 
1518     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1519     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
1520     if (plen % 8) {
1521         addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1522     }
1523     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1524     /* Cannot use GET_ISONSAP_STRING (not packet buffer pointer) */
1525     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
1526                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
1527                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
1528                 plen,
1529                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
1530                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
1531 
1532     return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
1533 }
1534 
1535 /*
1536  * bgp_attr_get_as_size
1537  *
1538  * Try to find the size of the ASs encoded in an as-path. It is not obvious, as
1539  * both Old speakers that do not support 4 byte AS, and the new speakers that do
1540  * support, exchange AS-Path with the same path-attribute type value 0x02.
1541  */
1542 static u_int
1543 bgp_attr_get_as_size(netdissect_options *ndo,
1544                      uint8_t bgpa_type, const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
1545 {
1546     const u_char *tptr = pptr;
1547 
1548     /*
1549      * If the path attribute is the optional AS4 path type, then we already
1550      * know, that ASs must be encoded in 4 byte format.
1551      */
1552     if (bgpa_type == BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH) {
1553         return 4;
1554     }
1555 
1556     /*
1557      * Let us assume that ASs are of 2 bytes in size, and check if the AS-Path
1558      * TLV is good. If not, ask the caller to try with AS encoded as 4 bytes
1559      * each.
1560      */
1561     while (tptr < pptr + len) {
1562         /*
1563          * If we do not find a valid segment type, our guess might be wrong.
1564          */
1565         if (GET_U_1(tptr) < BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN || GET_U_1(tptr) > BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX) {
1566             goto trunc;
1567         }
1568         tptr += 2 + GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * 2;
1569     }
1570 
1571     /*
1572      * If we correctly reached end of the AS path attribute data content,
1573      * then most likely ASs were indeed encoded as 2 bytes.
1574      */
1575     if (tptr == pptr + len) {
1576         return 2;
1577     }
1578 
1579 trunc:
1580 
1581     /*
1582      * We can come here, either we did not have enough data, or if we
1583      * try to decode 4 byte ASs in 2 byte format. Either way, return 4,
1584      * so that calller can try to decode each AS as of 4 bytes. If indeed
1585      * there was not enough data, it will crib and end the parse anyways.
1586      */
1587     return 4;
1588 }
1589 
1590 /*
1591  * The only way to know that a BGP UPDATE message is using add path is
1592  * by checking if the capability is in the OPEN message which we may have missed.
1593  * So this function checks if it is possible that the update could contain add path
1594  * and if so it checks that standard BGP doesn't make sense.
1595  */
1596 static int
1597 check_add_path(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *pptr, u_int length,
1598                u_int max_prefix_length)
1599 {
1600     u_int offset, prefix_length;
1601 
1602     if (length < 5) {
1603         return 0;
1604     }
1605 
1606     /*
1607      * Scan through the NLRI information under the assumpetion that
1608      * it doesn't have path IDs.
1609      */
1610     for (offset = 0; offset < length;) {
1611         offset += 4;
1612         if (!ND_TTEST_1(pptr + offset)) {
1613             /* We ran out of captured data; quit scanning. */
1614             break;
1615         }
1616         prefix_length = GET_U_1(pptr + offset);
1617         /*
1618          * Add 4 to cover the path id
1619          * and check the prefix length isn't greater than 32/128.
1620          */
1621         if (prefix_length > max_prefix_length) {
1622             return 0;
1623         }
1624         /* Add 1 for the prefix_length byte and prefix_length to cover the address */
1625         offset += 1 + ((prefix_length + 7) / 8);
1626     }
1627     /* check we haven't gone past the end of the section */
1628     if (offset > length) {
1629         return 0;
1630     }
1631 
1632     /* check it's not standard BGP */
1633     for (offset = 0; offset < length; ) {
1634         if (!ND_TTEST_1(pptr + offset)) {
1635             /* We ran out of captured data; quit scanning. */
1636             break;
1637         }
1638         prefix_length = GET_U_1(pptr + offset);
1639         /*
1640          * If the prefix_length is zero (0.0.0.0/0)
1641          * and since it's not the only address (length >= 5)
1642          * then it is add-path
1643          */
1644         if (prefix_length < 1 || prefix_length > max_prefix_length) {
1645             return 1;
1646         }
1647         offset += 1 + ((prefix_length + 7) / 8);
1648     }
1649     if (offset > length) {
1650         return 1;
1651     }
1652 
1653     /* assume not add-path by default */
1654     return 0;
1655 }
1656 
1657 static int
1658 bgp_mp_af_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
1659 	        const u_char *tptr, u_int tlen,
1660 		uint16_t *afp, uint8_t *safip)
1661 {
1662 	uint16_t af;
1663 	uint8_t safi;
1664 
1665         af = GET_BE_U_2(tptr);
1666 	*afp = af;
1667         safi = GET_U_1(tptr + 2);
1668 	*safip = safi;
1669 
1670         ND_PRINT("\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
1671                   tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
1672                   af,
1673                   (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
1674                   tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
1675                   safi);
1676 
1677         switch(af<<8 | safi) {
1678         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1679         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1680         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1681         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
1682         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
1683         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1684         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1685         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1686         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
1687         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
1688         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1689         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1690         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1691         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
1692         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1693         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1694         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1695         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1696         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1697         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1698         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1699         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1700         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1701         case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1702         case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1703         case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1704         case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
1705             break;
1706         default:
1707             ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, tlen);
1708             ND_PRINT("\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi);
1709             if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
1710                 print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
1711             return -1;
1712         }
1713 	return 0;
1714 trunc:
1715 	return -2;
1716 }
1717 
1718 static int
1719 bgp_nlri_print(netdissect_options *ndo, uint16_t af, uint8_t safi,
1720 	       const u_char *tptr, u_int len,
1721 	       char *buf, size_t buflen,
1722 	       int add_path4, int add_path6)
1723 {
1724 	int advance;
1725 	u_int path_id = 0;
1726 
1727 	switch (af<<8 | safi) {
1728             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1729             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1730             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1731                 if (add_path4) {
1732                     path_id = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
1733                     tptr += 4;
1734                 }
1735                 advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
1736                 if (advance == -1)
1737                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1738                 else if (advance == -2)
1739                     break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
1740                 else
1741                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1742                 if (add_path4) {
1743                     ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
1744 		    advance += 4;
1745                 }
1746                 break;
1747             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
1748                 advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
1749                 if (advance == -1)
1750                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1751                 else if (advance == -2)
1752                     goto trunc;
1753                 else if (advance == -3)
1754                     break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
1755                 else
1756                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1757                 break;
1758             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1759             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1760             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1761                 advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1762                 if (advance == -1)
1763                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1764                 else
1765                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1766                 break;
1767             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
1768                 advance = decode_rt_routing_info(ndo, tptr);
1769                 break;
1770             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
1771             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
1772                 advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1773                 if (advance == -1)
1774                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1775                 else if (advance == -2)
1776                     goto trunc;
1777                 else
1778                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1779                 break;
1780 
1781             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
1782                 advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1783                 if (advance == -1)
1784                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1785                 else if (advance == -2)
1786                     goto trunc;
1787                 else
1788                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1789                 break;
1790             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1791             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1792             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1793                 if (add_path6) {
1794                     path_id = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
1795                     tptr += 4;
1796                 }
1797                 advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
1798                 if (advance == -1)
1799                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1800                 else if (advance == -2)
1801                     break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
1802                 else
1803                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1804                 if (add_path6) {
1805                     ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
1806 		    advance += 4;
1807                 }
1808                 break;
1809             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
1810                 advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
1811                 if (advance == -1)
1812                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1813                 else if (advance == -2)
1814                     goto trunc;
1815                 else if (advance == -3)
1816                     break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
1817                 else
1818                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1819                 break;
1820             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1821             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1822             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1823                 advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1824                 if (advance == -1)
1825                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1826                 else
1827                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1828                 break;
1829             case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
1830             case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1831             case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1832             case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1833                 advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1834                 if (advance == -1)
1835                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal length)");
1836                 else if (advance == -2)
1837                     goto trunc;
1838                 else
1839                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1840                 break;
1841             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1842             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1843             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1844                 advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1845                 if (advance == -1)
1846                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1847                 else
1848                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1849                 break;
1850             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1851             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1852             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1853                 advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1854                 if (advance == -1)
1855                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1856                 else
1857                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1858                 break;
1859             default:
1860 		/*
1861 		 * This should not happen, we should have been protected
1862 		 * by bgp_mp_af_print()'s return value.
1863 		 */
1864                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    ERROR: no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi);
1865                 advance = -4;
1866                 break;
1867 	}
1868 	return advance;
1869 trunc:	/* we rely on the caller to recognize -2 return value */
1870 	return -2;
1871 }
1872 
1873 static int
1874 bgp_attr_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
1875                uint8_t atype, const u_char *pptr, u_int len,
1876                const unsigned attr_set_level)
1877 {
1878     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
1879     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
1880     u_int i;
1881     uint16_t af;
1882     uint8_t safi, snpa, nhlen;
1883     int advance;
1884     u_int tlen;
1885     const u_char *tptr;
1886     char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
1887     u_int as_size;
1888     int add_path4, add_path6;
1889     int ret;
1890 
1891     tptr = pptr;
1892     tlen = len;
1893 
1894     switch (atype) {
1895     case BGPTYPE_ORIGIN:
1896         if (len != 1)
1897             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1898         else {
1899             ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_origin_values,
1900                       "Unknown Origin Typecode",
1901                       GET_U_1(tptr)));
1902         }
1903         break;
1904 
1905     /*
1906      * Process AS4 byte path and AS2 byte path attributes here.
1907      */
1908     case BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH:
1909     case BGPTYPE_AS_PATH:
1910         if (len % 2) {
1911             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1912             break;
1913         }
1914         if (!len) {
1915             ND_PRINT("empty");
1916             break;
1917         }
1918 
1919         /*
1920          * BGP updates exchanged between New speakers that support 4
1921          * byte AS, ASs are always encoded in 4 bytes. There is no
1922          * definitive way to find this, just by the packet's
1923          * contents. So, check for packet's TLV's sanity assuming
1924          * 2 bytes first, and it does not pass, assume that ASs are
1925          * encoded in 4 bytes format and move on.
1926          */
1927         as_size = bgp_attr_get_as_size(ndo, atype, pptr, len);
1928 
1929         while (tptr < pptr + len) {
1930             ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_open_values,
1931                       "?", GET_U_1(tptr)));
1932             for (i = 0; i < GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * as_size; i += as_size) {
1933                 ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr + 2 + i, as_size);
1934                 ND_PRINT("%s ",
1935                           as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
1936                           as_size == 2 ?
1937                               GET_BE_U_2(tptr + i + 2) :
1938                               GET_BE_U_4(tptr + i + 2)));
1939             }
1940             ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_close_values,
1941                       "?", GET_U_1(tptr)));
1942             tptr += 2 + GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * as_size;
1943         }
1944         break;
1945     case BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP:
1946         if (len != 4)
1947             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1948         else {
1949             ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
1950         }
1951         break;
1952     case BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:
1953     case BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF:
1954         if (len != 4)
1955             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1956         else {
1957             ND_PRINT("%u", GET_BE_U_4(tptr));
1958         }
1959         break;
1960     case BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:
1961         if (len != 0)
1962             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1963         break;
1964     case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR:
1965 
1966         /*
1967          * Depending on the AS encoded is of 2 bytes or of 4 bytes,
1968          * the length of this PA can be either 6 bytes or 8 bytes.
1969          */
1970         if (len != 6 && len != 8) {
1971             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1972             break;
1973         }
1974         ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, len);
1975         if (len == 6) {
1976             ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
1977                       as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_2(tptr)),
1978                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr + 2));
1979         } else {
1980             ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
1981                       as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
1982                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr)), GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr + 4));
1983         }
1984         break;
1985     case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4:
1986         if (len != 8) {
1987             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1988             break;
1989         }
1990         ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
1991                   as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(tptr)),
1992                   GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr + 4));
1993         break;
1994     case BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES:
1995         if (len % 4) {
1996             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1997             break;
1998         }
1999         while (tlen != 0) {
2000             uint32_t comm;
2001             ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
2002             if (tlen < 4)
2003                 goto trunc;
2004             comm = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
2005             switch (comm) {
2006             case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT:
2007                 ND_PRINT(" NO_EXPORT");
2008                 break;
2009             case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT:
2010                 ND_PRINT(" NO_ADVERTISE");
2011                 break;
2012             case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED:
2013                 ND_PRINT(" NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED");
2014                 break;
2015             default:
2016                 ND_PRINT("%u:%u%s",
2017                          (comm >> 16) & 0xffff,
2018                          comm & 0xffff,
2019                          (tlen>4) ? ", " : "");
2020                 break;
2021             }
2022             tlen -=4;
2023             tptr +=4;
2024         }
2025         break;
2026     case BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:
2027         if (len != 4) {
2028             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2029             break;
2030         }
2031         ND_PRINT("%s",GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
2032         break;
2033     case BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:
2034         if (len % 4) {
2035             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2036             break;
2037         }
2038         while (tlen != 0) {
2039             if (tlen < 4)
2040                 goto trunc;
2041             ND_PRINT("%s%s",
2042                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2043                       (tlen>4) ? ", " : "");
2044             tlen -=4;
2045             tptr +=4;
2046         }
2047         break;
2048     case BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:
2049         ND_TCHECK_3(tptr);
2050         if (tlen < 3)
2051             goto trunc;
2052 	ret = bgp_mp_af_print(ndo, tptr, tlen, &af, &safi);
2053 	if (ret == -2)
2054 	    goto trunc;
2055 	if (ret < 0)
2056 	    break;
2057 
2058         tptr += 3;
2059         tlen -= 3;
2060 
2061         ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
2062         if (tlen < 1)
2063             goto trunc;
2064         nhlen = GET_U_1(tptr);
2065         tptr++;
2066         tlen--;
2067 
2068         if (nhlen) {
2069             u_int nnh = 0;
2070             uint8_t tnhlen = nhlen;
2071             if (tlen < tnhlen)
2072                 goto trunc;
2073             ND_PRINT("\n\t    nexthop: ");
2074             while (tnhlen != 0) {
2075                 if (nnh++ > 0) {
2076                     ND_PRINT(", " );
2077                 }
2078                 switch(af<<8 | safi) {
2079                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
2080                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
2081                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
2082                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
2083                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
2084                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
2085                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
2086                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)) {
2087                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2088                         tptr += tnhlen;
2089                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2090                         tnhlen = 0;
2091                     } else {
2092                         ND_PRINT("%s",GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
2093                         tptr += sizeof(nd_ipv4);
2094                         tnhlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv4);
2095                         tlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv4);
2096                     }
2097                     break;
2098                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
2099                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
2100                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
2101                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) {
2102                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2103                         tptr += tnhlen;
2104                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2105                         tnhlen = 0;
2106                     } else {
2107                         ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
2108                                   bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
2109                                   GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
2110                         tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2111                         tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2112                         tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2113                     }
2114                     break;
2115                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
2116                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
2117                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
2118                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
2119                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv6)) {
2120                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2121                         tptr += tnhlen;
2122                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2123                         tnhlen = 0;
2124                     } else {
2125                         ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IP6ADDR_STRING(tptr));
2126                         tptr += sizeof(nd_ipv6);
2127                         tlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv6);
2128                         tnhlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv6);
2129                     }
2130                     break;
2131                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
2132                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
2133                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
2134                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) {
2135                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2136                         tptr += tnhlen;
2137                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2138                         tnhlen = 0;
2139                     } else {
2140                         ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
2141                                   bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
2142                                   GET_IP6ADDR_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
2143                         tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2144                         tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2145                         tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2146                     }
2147                     break;
2148                 case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
2149                 case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
2150                 case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
2151                 case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
2152                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)) {
2153                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2154                         tptr += tnhlen;
2155                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2156                         tnhlen = 0;
2157                     } else {
2158                         ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
2159                         tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
2160                         tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
2161                         tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
2162                     }
2163                     break;
2164                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
2165                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
2166                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
2167                     ND_PRINT("%s", GET_ISONSAP_STRING(tptr, tnhlen));
2168                     tptr += tnhlen;
2169                     tlen -= tnhlen;
2170                     tnhlen = 0;
2171                     break;
2172 
2173                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
2174                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
2175                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
2176                     if (tnhlen < BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+1) {
2177                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2178                         tptr += tnhlen;
2179                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2180                         tnhlen = 0;
2181                     } else {
2182                         ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, tnhlen);
2183                         ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
2184                                   bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
2185                                   GET_ISONSAP_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,tnhlen-BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
2186                         /* rfc986 mapped IPv4 address ? */
2187                         if (GET_BE_U_4(tptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x47000601)
2188                             ND_PRINT(" = %s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+4));
2189                         /* rfc1888 mapped IPv6 address ? */
2190                         else if (GET_BE_U_3(tptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x350000)
2191                             ND_PRINT(" = %s", GET_IP6ADDR_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+3));
2192                         tptr += tnhlen;
2193                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2194                         tnhlen = 0;
2195                     }
2196                     break;
2197                 default:
2198 		    /*
2199 		     * bgp_mp_af_print() should have saved us from
2200 		     * an unsupported AFI/SAFI.
2201 		     */
2202                     ND_PRINT("ERROR: no AFI %u/SAFI %u nexthop decoder", af, safi);
2203                     tptr += tnhlen;
2204                     tlen -= tnhlen;
2205                     tnhlen = 0;
2206                     goto done;
2207                     break;
2208                 }
2209             }
2210         }
2211         ND_PRINT(", nh-length: %u", nhlen);
2212 
2213         /* As per RFC 2858; this is reserved in RFC 4760 */
2214         if (tlen < 1)
2215             goto trunc;
2216         snpa = GET_U_1(tptr);
2217         tptr++;
2218         tlen--;
2219 
2220         if (snpa) {
2221             ND_PRINT("\n\t    %u SNPA", snpa);
2222             for (/*nothing*/; snpa != 0; snpa--) {
2223                 uint8_t snpalen;
2224 		if (tlen < 1)
2225 		    goto trunc;
2226                 snpalen = GET_U_1(tptr);
2227                 ND_PRINT("\n\t      %u bytes", snpalen);
2228                 tptr++;
2229                 tlen--;
2230                 if (tlen < snpalen)
2231                     goto trunc;
2232                 ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, snpalen);
2233                 tptr += snpalen;
2234                 tlen -= snpalen;
2235             }
2236         } else {
2237             ND_PRINT(", no SNPA");
2238         }
2239 
2240         add_path4 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr, (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(tptr, pptr)), 32);
2241         add_path6 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr, (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(tptr, pptr)), 128);
2242 
2243         while (tptr < pptr + len) {
2244             advance = bgp_nlri_print(ndo, af, safi, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf),
2245                     add_path4, add_path6);
2246             if (advance == -2)
2247                 goto trunc;
2248             if (advance < 0)
2249                 break;
2250             tptr += advance;
2251         }
2252         break;
2253 
2254     case BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:
2255         ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE);
2256 	ret = bgp_mp_af_print(ndo, tptr, tlen, &af, &safi);
2257 	if (ret == -2)
2258 	    goto trunc;
2259 	if (ret < 0)
2260 	    break;
2261 
2262         if (len == BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE)
2263             ND_PRINT("\n\t      End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)");
2264 
2265         tptr += 3;
2266 
2267         add_path4 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr, (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(tptr, pptr)), 32);
2268         add_path6 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr, (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(tptr, pptr)), 128);
2269 
2270         while (tptr < pptr + len) {
2271             advance = bgp_nlri_print(ndo, af, safi, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf),
2272                     add_path4, add_path6);
2273             if (advance == -2)
2274                 goto trunc;
2275             if (advance < 0)
2276                 break;
2277             tptr += advance;
2278         }
2279         break;
2280     case BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES:
2281         if (len % 8) {
2282             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2283             break;
2284         }
2285         while (tlen != 0) {
2286             uint16_t extd_comm;
2287 
2288             ND_TCHECK_2(tptr);
2289             if (tlen < 2)
2290                 goto trunc;
2291             extd_comm=GET_BE_U_2(tptr);
2292 
2293             ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s (0x%04x), Flags [%s]",
2294                       tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values,
2295                               "unknown extd community typecode",
2296                               extd_comm),
2297                       extd_comm,
2298                       bittok2str(bgp_extd_comm_flag_values, "none", extd_comm));
2299 
2300             ND_TCHECK_8(tptr);
2301             if (tlen < 8)
2302                 goto trunc;
2303             ND_PRINT(": ");
2304             bgp_extended_community_print(ndo, tptr);
2305             tlen -= 8;
2306             tptr += 8;
2307         }
2308         break;
2309 
2310     case BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:
2311     {
2312         uint8_t tunnel_type, flags;
2313 
2314         ND_TCHECK_5(tptr);
2315         if (tlen < 5)
2316             goto trunc;
2317         flags = GET_U_1(tptr);
2318         tunnel_type = GET_U_1(tptr + 1);
2319 
2320         ND_PRINT("\n\t    Tunnel-type %s (%u), Flags [%s], MPLS Label %u",
2321                   tok2str(bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values, "Unknown", tunnel_type),
2322                   tunnel_type,
2323                   bittok2str(bgp_pmsi_flag_values, "none", flags),
2324                   GET_BE_U_3(tptr + 2)>>4);
2325 
2326         tptr +=5;
2327         tlen -= 5;
2328 
2329         switch (tunnel_type) {
2330         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM: /* fall through */
2331         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR:
2332             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Sender %s, P-Group %s",
2333                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2334                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr+4));
2335             break;
2336 
2337         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM:
2338             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Root-Node %s, P-Group %s",
2339                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2340                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr+4));
2341             break;
2342         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS:
2343             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Tunnel-Endpoint %s",
2344                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
2345             break;
2346         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP: /* fall through */
2347         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP:
2348             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Root-Node %s, LSP-ID 0x%08x",
2349                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2350                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4));
2351             break;
2352         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP:
2353             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Extended-Tunnel-ID %s, P2MP-ID 0x%08x",
2354                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2355                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4));
2356             break;
2357         default:
2358             if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
2359                 print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", tlen);
2360             }
2361         }
2362         break;
2363     }
2364     case BGPTYPE_AIGP:
2365     {
2366         uint8_t type;
2367         uint16_t length;
2368 
2369         while (tlen >= 3) {
2370             type = GET_U_1(tptr);
2371             length = GET_BE_U_2(tptr + 1);
2372             tptr += 3;
2373             tlen -= 3;
2374 
2375             ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s TLV (%u), length %u",
2376                       tok2str(bgp_aigp_values, "Unknown", type),
2377                       type, length);
2378 
2379             if (length < 3)
2380                 goto trunc;
2381             length -= 3;
2382 
2383             /*
2384              * Check if we can read the TLV data.
2385              */
2386             if (tlen < length)
2387                 goto trunc;
2388 
2389             switch (type) {
2390 
2391             case BGP_AIGP_TLV:
2392                 if (length < 8)
2393                     goto trunc;
2394                 ND_PRINT(", metric %" PRIu64,
2395                           GET_BE_U_8(tptr));
2396                 break;
2397 
2398             default:
2399                 if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
2400                     print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr,"\n\t      ", length);
2401                 }
2402             }
2403 
2404             tptr += length;
2405             tlen -= length;
2406         }
2407         break;
2408     }
2409     case BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET:
2410         ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
2411         if (len < 4)
2412             goto trunc;
2413         ND_PRINT("\n\t    Origin AS: %s",
2414                   as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(tptr)));
2415         tptr += 4;
2416         len -= 4;
2417 
2418         while (len) {
2419             u_int aflags, alenlen, alen;
2420 
2421             ND_TCHECK_2(tptr);
2422             if (len < 2) {
2423                 ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
2424                 tptr += len;
2425                 break;
2426             }
2427             aflags = GET_U_1(tptr);
2428             atype = GET_U_1(tptr + 1);
2429             tptr += 2;
2430             len -= 2;
2431             alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, tptr);
2432             ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, alenlen);
2433             if (len < alenlen) {
2434                 ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
2435                 tptr += len;
2436                 break;
2437             }
2438             alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, tptr);
2439             tptr += alenlen;
2440             len -= alenlen;
2441 
2442             ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
2443                       tok2str(bgp_attr_values,
2444                               "Unknown Attribute", atype),
2445                       atype,
2446                       alen);
2447 
2448             if (aflags) {
2449                 ND_PRINT(", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
2450                           aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
2451                           aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
2452                           aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
2453                           aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : "");
2454                 if (aflags & 0xf)
2455                     ND_PRINT("+%x", aflags & 0xf);
2456                 ND_PRINT("]");
2457             }
2458             ND_PRINT(": ");
2459             if (len < alen) {
2460                 ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
2461                 tptr += len;
2462                 break;
2463             }
2464             /*
2465              * The protocol encoding per se allows ATTR_SET to be nested
2466              * as many times as the message can accommodate. This printer
2467              * used to be able to recurse into ATTR_SET contents until the
2468              * stack exhaustion, but now there is a limit on that (if live
2469              * protocol exchange goes that many levels deep, something is
2470              * probably wrong anyway). Feel free to refine this value if
2471              * you can find the spec with respective normative text.
2472              */
2473             if (attr_set_level == 10)
2474                 ND_PRINT("(too many nested levels, not recursing)");
2475             else if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, tptr, alen, attr_set_level + 1))
2476                 return 0;
2477             tptr += alen;
2478             len -= alen;
2479         }
2480         break;
2481 
2482     case BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:
2483         if (len == 0 || len % 12) {
2484             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2485             break;
2486         }
2487         ND_PRINT("\n\t    ");
2488         while (len != 0) {
2489             ND_PRINT("%u:%u:%u%s",
2490                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr),
2491                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4),
2492                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 8),
2493                       (len > 12) ? ", " : "");
2494             tptr += 12;
2495             /*
2496              * len will always be a multiple of 12, as per the above,
2497              * so this will never underflow.
2498              */
2499             len -= 12;
2500         }
2501         break;
2502     default:
2503         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
2504         ND_PRINT("\n\t    no Attribute %u decoder", atype); /* we have no decoder for the attribute */
2505         if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
2506             print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
2507         break;
2508     }
2509 done:
2510     if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && len) { /* omit zero length attributes*/
2511         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
2512         print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
2513     }
2514     return 1;
2515 
2516 trunc:
2517     return 0;
2518 }
2519 
2520 static void
2521 bgp_capabilities_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
2522                        const u_char *opt, u_int caps_len)
2523 {
2524     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
2525     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
2526     u_int cap_type, cap_len, tcap_len, cap_offset;
2527     u_int i = 0;
2528 
2529     while (i < caps_len) {
2530         ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + i, BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE);
2531         cap_type=GET_U_1(opt + i);
2532         cap_len=GET_U_1(opt + i + 1);
2533         ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
2534                   tok2str(bgp_capcode_values, "Unknown", cap_type),
2535                   cap_type,
2536                   cap_len);
2537         ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + 2 + i, cap_len);
2538         switch (cap_type) {
2539         case BGP_CAPCODE_MP:
2540             /* AFI (16 bits), Reserved (8 bits), SAFI (8 bits) */
2541             if (cap_len < 4) {
2542                 ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 4)");
2543                 return;
2544             }
2545             ND_PRINT("\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
2546                tok2str(af_values, "Unknown", GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2)),
2547                GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2),
2548                tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", GET_U_1(opt + i + 5)),
2549                GET_U_1(opt + i + 5));
2550             break;
2551         case BGP_CAPCODE_ML:
2552             cap_offset = 2;
2553             tcap_len = cap_len;
2554             while (tcap_len >= 4) {
2555                 ND_PRINT( "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Count: %u",
2556                        tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
2557                                   GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
2558                        GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
2559                        tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown",
2560                                   GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
2561                        GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2),
2562                        GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 3));
2563                 tcap_len -= 4;
2564                 cap_offset += 4;
2565             }
2566             break;
2567         case BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART:
2568             /* Restart Flags (4 bits), Restart Time in seconds (12 bits) */
2569             if (cap_len < 2) {
2570                 ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 2)");
2571                 return;
2572             }
2573             tcap_len=cap_len;
2574             ND_PRINT("\n\t\tRestart Flags: [%s], Restart Time %us",
2575                       ((GET_U_1(opt + i + 2))&0x80) ? "R" : "none",
2576                       GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2)&0xfff);
2577             tcap_len-=2;
2578             cap_offset=4;
2579             while(tcap_len>=4) {
2580                 ND_PRINT("\n\t\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Forwarding state preserved: %s",
2581                           tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
2582                                   GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
2583                           GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
2584                           tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
2585                                   GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
2586                           GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 2)),
2587                           ((GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 3)))&0x80) ? "yes" : "no" );
2588                 tcap_len -= 4;
2589                 cap_offset += 4;
2590             }
2591             break;
2592         case BGP_CAPCODE_RR:
2593         case BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR:
2594         case BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO:
2595             break;
2596         case BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW:
2597             /*
2598              * Extract the 4 byte AS number encoded.
2599              */
2600             if (cap_len < 4) {
2601                 ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 4)");
2602                 return;
2603             }
2604             ND_PRINT("\n\t\t 4 Byte AS %s",
2605                       as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
2606                       GET_BE_U_4(opt + i + 2)));
2607             break;
2608         case BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH:
2609             if (cap_len == 0) {
2610                 ND_PRINT(" (bogus)"); /* length */
2611                 break;
2612             }
2613             tcap_len=cap_len;
2614             cap_offset=2;
2615             while (tcap_len != 0) {
2616                 if (tcap_len < 4) {
2617                     nd_print_invalid(ndo);
2618                     break;
2619                 }
2620                 ND_PRINT("\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Send/Receive: %s",
2621                           tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
2622                           GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
2623                           tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
2624                           GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 2)),
2625                           tok2str(bgp_add_path_recvsend,"Bogus (0x%02x)",GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 3))
2626                 );
2627                 tcap_len -= 4;
2628                 cap_offset += 4;
2629             }
2630             break;
2631         default:
2632             ND_PRINT("\n\t\tno decoder for Capability %u",
2633                       cap_type);
2634             if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
2635                 print_unknown_data(ndo, opt + i + 2, "\n\t\t",
2636                                    cap_len);
2637             break;
2638         }
2639         if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && cap_len != 0) {
2640             print_unknown_data(ndo, opt + i + 2, "\n\t\t", cap_len);
2641         }
2642         i += BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE + cap_len;
2643     }
2644     return;
2645 
2646 trunc:
2647     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
2648 }
2649 
2650 static void
2651 bgp_open_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
2652                const u_char *dat, u_int length)
2653 {
2654     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
2655     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
2656     const struct bgp_open *bgp_open_header;
2657     u_int optslen;
2658     const struct bgp_opt *bgpopt;
2659     const u_char *opt;
2660     u_int i;
2661 
2662     ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_OPEN_SIZE);
2663     if (length < BGP_OPEN_SIZE)
2664         goto trunc;
2665 
2666     bgp_open_header = (const struct bgp_open *)dat;
2667 
2668     ND_PRINT("\n\t  Version %u, ",
2669         GET_U_1(bgp_open_header->bgpo_version));
2670     ND_PRINT("my AS %s, ",
2671         as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_2(bgp_open_header->bgpo_myas)));
2672     ND_PRINT("Holdtime %us, ",
2673         GET_BE_U_2(bgp_open_header->bgpo_holdtime));
2674     ND_PRINT("ID %s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bgp_open_header->bgpo_id));
2675     optslen = GET_U_1(bgp_open_header->bgpo_optlen);
2676     ND_PRINT("\n\t  Optional parameters, length: %u", optslen);
2677 
2678     opt = dat + BGP_OPEN_SIZE;
2679     length -= BGP_OPEN_SIZE;
2680 
2681     i = 0;
2682     while (i < optslen) {
2683         uint8_t opt_type, opt_len;
2684 
2685         ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + i, BGP_OPT_SIZE);
2686         if (length < BGP_OPT_SIZE + i)
2687             goto trunc;
2688         bgpopt = (const struct bgp_opt *)(opt + i);
2689         opt_type = GET_U_1(bgpopt->bgpopt_type);
2690         opt_len = GET_U_1(bgpopt->bgpopt_len);
2691         if (BGP_OPT_SIZE + i + opt_len > optslen) {
2692             ND_PRINT("\n\t     Option %u, length: %u, goes past the end of the options",
2693                       opt_type, opt_len);
2694             break;
2695         }
2696 
2697         ND_PRINT("\n\t    Option %s (%u), length: %u",
2698                   tok2str(bgp_opt_values,"Unknown",opt_type),
2699                   opt_type,
2700                   opt_len);
2701 
2702         /* now let's decode the options we know*/
2703         switch(opt_type) {
2704 
2705         case BGP_OPT_CAP:
2706             bgp_capabilities_print(ndo, opt + BGP_OPT_SIZE + i,
2707                                    opt_len);
2708             break;
2709 
2710         case BGP_OPT_AUTH:
2711         default:
2712                ND_PRINT("\n\t      no decoder for option %u",
2713                opt_type);
2714                break;
2715         }
2716         i += BGP_OPT_SIZE + opt_len;
2717     }
2718     return;
2719 trunc:
2720     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
2721 }
2722 
2723 static void
2724 bgp_update_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
2725                  const u_char *dat, u_int length)
2726 {
2727     const u_char *p;
2728     u_int withdrawn_routes_len;
2729     char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
2730     int wpfx;
2731     u_int len;
2732     int i;
2733     int add_path;
2734     u_int path_id = 0;
2735 
2736     ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_SIZE);
2737     if (length < BGP_SIZE)
2738         goto trunc;
2739     p = dat + BGP_SIZE;
2740     length -= BGP_SIZE;
2741 
2742     /* Unfeasible routes */
2743     ND_TCHECK_2(p);
2744     if (length < 2)
2745         goto trunc;
2746     withdrawn_routes_len = GET_BE_U_2(p);
2747     p += 2;
2748     length -= 2;
2749     if (withdrawn_routes_len > 1) {
2750         /*
2751          * Without keeping state from the original NLRI message,
2752          * it's not possible to tell if this a v4 or v6 route,
2753          * so only try to decode it if we're not v6 enabled.
2754          */
2755         ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, withdrawn_routes_len);
2756         if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
2757             goto trunc;
2758         ND_PRINT("\n\t  Withdrawn routes:");
2759         add_path = check_add_path(ndo, p, withdrawn_routes_len, 32);
2760         while (withdrawn_routes_len != 0) {
2761             if (add_path) {
2762                 if (withdrawn_routes_len < 4) {
2763                     p += withdrawn_routes_len;
2764                     length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
2765                     break;
2766                 }
2767                 path_id = GET_BE_U_4(p);
2768                 p += 4;
2769                 length -= 4;
2770                 withdrawn_routes_len -= 4;
2771             }
2772             wpfx = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, withdrawn_routes_len, buf, sizeof(buf));
2773             if (wpfx == -1) {
2774                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
2775                 break;
2776             } else if (wpfx == -2)
2777                 goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
2778             else {
2779                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s", buf);
2780                 if (add_path) {
2781                     ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
2782                 }
2783                 p += wpfx;
2784                 length -= wpfx;
2785                 withdrawn_routes_len -= wpfx;
2786             }
2787         }
2788     } else {
2789         ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, withdrawn_routes_len);
2790         if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
2791             goto trunc;
2792         p += withdrawn_routes_len;
2793         length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
2794     }
2795 
2796     ND_TCHECK_2(p);
2797     if (length < 2)
2798         goto trunc;
2799     len = GET_BE_U_2(p);
2800     p += 2;
2801     length -= 2;
2802 
2803     if (withdrawn_routes_len == 0 && len == 0 && length == 0) {
2804         /* No withdrawn routes, no path attributes, no NLRI */
2805         ND_PRINT("\n\t  End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)");
2806         return;
2807     }
2808 
2809     if (len) {
2810         /* Make sure the path attributes don't go past the end of the packet */
2811         if (length < len)
2812             goto trunc;
2813         /* do something more useful!*/
2814         while (len) {
2815             uint8_t aflags, atype, alenlen;
2816             uint16_t alen;
2817 
2818             ND_TCHECK_2(p);
2819             if (length < 2)
2820                 goto trunc;
2821             if (len < 2) {
2822                 ND_PRINT("\n\t  [path attrs too short]");
2823                 p += len;
2824                 length -= len;
2825                 break;
2826             }
2827             aflags = GET_U_1(p);
2828             atype = GET_U_1(p + 1);
2829             p += 2;
2830             len -= 2;
2831             length -= 2;
2832             alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, p);
2833             ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, alenlen);
2834             if (length < alenlen)
2835                 goto trunc;
2836             if (len < alenlen) {
2837                 ND_PRINT("\n\t  [path attrs too short]");
2838                 p += len;
2839                 length -= len;
2840                 break;
2841             }
2842             alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, p);
2843             p += alenlen;
2844             len -= alenlen;
2845             length -= alenlen;
2846 
2847             ND_PRINT("\n\t  %s (%u), length: %u",
2848                       tok2str(bgp_attr_values, "Unknown Attribute", atype),
2849                       atype,
2850                       alen);
2851 
2852             if (aflags) {
2853                 ND_PRINT(", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
2854                           aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
2855                           aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
2856                           aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
2857                           aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : "");
2858                 if (aflags & 0xf)
2859                     ND_PRINT("+%x", aflags & 0xf);
2860                 ND_PRINT("]: ");
2861             }
2862             if (len < alen) {
2863                 ND_PRINT(" [path attrs too short]");
2864                 p += len;
2865                 length -= len;
2866                 break;
2867             }
2868             if (length < alen)
2869                 goto trunc;
2870             if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, p, alen, 0))
2871                 goto trunc;
2872             p += alen;
2873             len -= alen;
2874             length -= alen;
2875         }
2876     }
2877 
2878     if (length) {
2879         add_path = check_add_path(ndo, p, length, 32);
2880         ND_PRINT("\n\t  Updated routes:");
2881         while (length != 0) {
2882             if (add_path) {
2883                 ND_TCHECK_4(p);
2884                 if (length < 4)
2885                     goto trunc;
2886                 path_id = GET_BE_U_4(p);
2887                 p += 4;
2888                 length -= 4;
2889             }
2890             i = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, length, buf, sizeof(buf));
2891             if (i == -1) {
2892                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
2893                 break;
2894             } else if (i == -2)
2895                 goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
2896             else {
2897                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s", buf);
2898                 if (add_path) {
2899                     ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
2900                 }
2901                 p += i;
2902                 length -= i;
2903             }
2904         }
2905     }
2906     return;
2907 trunc:
2908     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
2909 }
2910 
2911 static void
2912 bgp_notification_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
2913                        const u_char *dat, u_int length)
2914 {
2915     const struct bgp_notification *bgp_notification_header;
2916     const u_char *tptr;
2917     uint8_t bgpn_major, bgpn_minor;
2918 
2919     ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);
2920     if (length<BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)
2921         return;
2922 
2923     bgp_notification_header = (const struct bgp_notification *)dat;
2924     bgpn_major = GET_U_1(bgp_notification_header->bgpn_major);
2925     bgpn_minor = GET_U_1(bgp_notification_header->bgpn_minor);
2926 
2927     ND_PRINT(", %s (%u)",
2928               tok2str(bgp_notify_major_values, "Unknown Error",
2929                       bgpn_major),
2930               bgpn_major);
2931 
2932     switch (bgpn_major) {
2933 
2934     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG:
2935         ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
2936                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_msg_values, "Unknown",
2937                           bgpn_minor),
2938                   bgpn_minor);
2939         break;
2940     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN:
2941         ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
2942                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_open_values, "Unknown",
2943                           bgpn_minor),
2944                   bgpn_minor);
2945         break;
2946     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE:
2947         ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
2948                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_update_values, "Unknown",
2949                           bgpn_minor),
2950                   bgpn_minor);
2951         break;
2952     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM:
2953         ND_PRINT(" subcode %s (%u)",
2954                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values, "Unknown",
2955                           bgpn_minor),
2956                   bgpn_minor);
2957         break;
2958     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP:
2959         ND_PRINT(" subcode %s (%u)",
2960                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cap_values, "Unknown",
2961                           bgpn_minor),
2962                   bgpn_minor);
2963         break;
2964     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE:
2965         ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
2966                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cease_values, "Unknown",
2967                           bgpn_minor),
2968                   bgpn_minor);
2969 
2970         /* RFC 4486 mentions optionally 7 bytes
2971          * for the maxprefix subtype, which may contain AFI, SAFI and MAXPREFIXES
2972          */
2973         if(bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX && length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 7) {
2974             tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
2975             ND_PRINT(", AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Max Prefixes: %u",
2976                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown", GET_BE_U_2(tptr)),
2977                       GET_BE_U_2(tptr),
2978                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", GET_U_1((tptr + 2))),
2979                       GET_U_1((tptr + 2)),
2980                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 3));
2981         }
2982         /*
2983          * RFC 9003 describes a method to send a communication
2984          * intended for human consumption regarding the Administrative Shutdown
2985          */
2986         if ((bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT ||
2987              bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET) &&
2988              length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1) {
2989             tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
2990             uint8_t shutdown_comm_length = GET_U_1(tptr);
2991             uint8_t remainder_offset = 0;
2992             /* garbage, hexdump it all */
2993             if (shutdown_comm_length > length - (BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1)) {
2994                 ND_PRINT(", invalid Shutdown Communication length");
2995             }
2996             else if (shutdown_comm_length == 0) {
2997                 ND_PRINT(", empty Shutdown Communication");
2998                 remainder_offset += 1;
2999             }
3000             /* a proper shutdown communication */
3001             else {
3002                 ND_PRINT(", Shutdown Communication (length: %u): \"", shutdown_comm_length);
3003                 (void)nd_printn(ndo, tptr+1, shutdown_comm_length, NULL);
3004                 ND_PRINT("\"");
3005                 remainder_offset += shutdown_comm_length + 1;
3006             }
3007             /* if there is trailing data, hexdump it */
3008             if(length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE) > 0) {
3009                 ND_PRINT(", Data: (length: %u)", length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
3010                 hex_print(ndo, "\n\t\t", tptr + remainder_offset, length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
3011             }
3012         }
3013         break;
3014     default:
3015         break;
3016     }
3017 
3018     return;
3019 trunc:
3020     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3021 }
3022 
3023 static void
3024 bgp_route_refresh_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
3025                         const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
3026 {
3027     const struct bgp_route_refresh *bgp_route_refresh_header;
3028 
3029     ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE);
3030 
3031     /* some little sanity checking */
3032     if (len<BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE)
3033         return;
3034 
3035     bgp_route_refresh_header = (const struct bgp_route_refresh *)pptr;
3036 
3037     ND_PRINT("\n\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
3038               tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
3039                       GET_BE_U_2(bgp_route_refresh_header->afi)),
3040               GET_BE_U_2(bgp_route_refresh_header->afi),
3041               tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
3042                       GET_U_1(bgp_route_refresh_header->safi)),
3043               GET_U_1(bgp_route_refresh_header->safi));
3044 
3045     if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1) {
3046         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
3047         print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t  ", len);
3048     }
3049 
3050     return;
3051 trunc:
3052     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3053 }
3054 
3055 static int
3056 bgp_pdu_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
3057               const u_char *dat, u_int length)
3058 {
3059     const struct bgp *bgp_header;
3060     uint8_t bgp_type;
3061 
3062     ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_SIZE);
3063     bgp_header = (const struct bgp *)dat;
3064     bgp_type = GET_U_1(bgp_header->bgp_type);
3065 
3066     ND_PRINT("\n\t%s Message (%u), length: %u",
3067               tok2str(bgp_msg_values, "Unknown", bgp_type),
3068               bgp_type,
3069               length);
3070 
3071     switch (bgp_type) {
3072     case BGP_OPEN:
3073         bgp_open_print(ndo, dat, length);
3074         break;
3075     case BGP_UPDATE:
3076         bgp_update_print(ndo, dat, length);
3077         break;
3078     case BGP_NOTIFICATION:
3079         bgp_notification_print(ndo, dat, length);
3080         break;
3081     case BGP_KEEPALIVE:
3082         break;
3083     case BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH:
3084         bgp_route_refresh_print(ndo, dat, length);
3085         break;
3086     default:
3087         /* we have no decoder for the BGP message */
3088         ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, length);
3089         ND_PRINT("\n\t  no Message %u decoder", bgp_type);
3090         print_unknown_data(ndo, dat, "\n\t  ", length);
3091         break;
3092     }
3093     return 1;
3094 trunc:
3095     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3096     return 0;
3097 }
3098 
3099 void
3100 bgp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
3101           const u_char *dat, u_int length _U_)
3102 {
3103     const u_char *p;
3104     const u_char *ep = ndo->ndo_snapend;
3105     const u_char *start;
3106     const u_char marker[] = {
3107         0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
3108         0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
3109     };
3110     const struct bgp *bgp_header;
3111     uint16_t hlen;
3112 
3113     ndo->ndo_protocol = "bgp";
3114     ND_PRINT(": BGP");
3115 
3116     if (ndo->ndo_vflag < 1) /* lets be less chatty */
3117         return;
3118 
3119     p = dat;
3120     start = p;
3121     while (p < ep) {
3122         if (!ND_TTEST_1(p))
3123             break;
3124         if (GET_U_1(p) != 0xff) {
3125             p++;
3126             continue;
3127         }
3128 
3129         if (!ND_TTEST_LEN(p, sizeof(marker)))
3130             break;
3131         if (memcmp(p, marker, sizeof(marker)) != 0) {
3132             p++;
3133             continue;
3134         }
3135 
3136         /* found BGP header */
3137         ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, BGP_SIZE);
3138         bgp_header = (const struct bgp *)p;
3139 
3140         if (start != p)
3141             nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3142 
3143         hlen = GET_BE_U_2(bgp_header->bgp_len);
3144         if (hlen < BGP_SIZE) {
3145             ND_PRINT("\nmessage length %u < %u", hlen, BGP_SIZE);
3146             nd_print_invalid(ndo);
3147             break;
3148         }
3149 
3150         if (ND_TTEST_LEN(p, hlen)) {
3151             if (!bgp_pdu_print(ndo, p, hlen))
3152                 return;
3153             p += hlen;
3154             start = p;
3155         } else {
3156             ND_PRINT("\n[|BGP %s]",
3157                       tok2str(bgp_msg_values,
3158                               "Unknown Message Type",
3159                               GET_U_1(bgp_header->bgp_type)));
3160             break;
3161         }
3162     }
3163 
3164     return;
3165 
3166 trunc:
3167     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3168 }
3169