xref: /netbsd-src/external/bsd/tcpdump/dist/print-bgp.c (revision 26ba0b503b498a5194a71ac319838b7f5497f3fe)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 1999 WIDE Project.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * Extensively modified by Hannes Gredler (hannes@gredler.at) for more
30  * complete BGP support.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 #ifndef lint
35 __RCSID("$NetBSD: print-bgp.c,v 1.13 2024/09/02 16:15:30 christos Exp $");
36 #endif
37 
38 /* \summary: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) printer */
39 
40 /* specification: RFC 4271 */
41 
42 #include <config.h>
43 
44 #include "netdissect-stdinc.h"
45 
46 #include <stdio.h>
47 #include <string.h>
48 
49 #include "netdissect.h"
50 #include "addrtoname.h"
51 #include "extract.h"
52 #include "af.h"
53 #include "l2vpn.h"
54 
55 struct bgp {
56     nd_byte     bgp_marker[16];
57     nd_uint16_t bgp_len;
58     nd_uint8_t  bgp_type;
59 };
60 #define BGP_SIZE        19    /* unaligned */
61 
62 #define BGP_OPEN                1
63 #define BGP_UPDATE              2
64 #define BGP_NOTIFICATION        3
65 #define BGP_KEEPALIVE           4
66 #define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH       5
67 
68 static const struct tok bgp_msg_values[] = {
69     { BGP_OPEN,                 "Open"},
70     { BGP_UPDATE,               "Update"},
71     { BGP_NOTIFICATION,         "Notification"},
72     { BGP_KEEPALIVE,            "Keepalive"},
73     { BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH,        "Route Refresh"},
74     { 0, NULL}
75 };
76 
77 struct bgp_open {
78     nd_byte     bgpo_marker[16];
79     nd_uint16_t bgpo_len;
80     nd_uint8_t  bgpo_type;
81     nd_uint8_t  bgpo_version;
82     nd_uint16_t bgpo_myas;
83     nd_uint16_t bgpo_holdtime;
84     nd_uint32_t bgpo_id;
85     nd_uint8_t  bgpo_optlen;
86     /* options should follow */
87 };
88 #define BGP_OPEN_SIZE        29    /* unaligned */
89 
90 struct bgp_opt {
91     nd_uint8_t bgpopt_type;
92     nd_uint8_t bgpopt_len;
93     /* variable length */
94 };
95 #define BGP_OPT_SIZE           2    /* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
96 #define BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE    2    /* some compilers may pad to 4 bytes */
97 
98 struct bgp_notification {
99     nd_byte     bgpn_marker[16];
100     nd_uint16_t bgpn_len;
101     nd_uint8_t  bgpn_type;
102     nd_uint8_t  bgpn_major;
103     nd_uint8_t  bgpn_minor;
104 };
105 #define BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE        21    /* unaligned */
106 
107 struct bgp_route_refresh {
108     nd_byte     bgp_marker[16];
109     nd_uint16_t len;
110     nd_uint8_t  type;   /* No padding after this; afi is, in fact, not aligned */
111     nd_uint16_t afi;
112     nd_uint8_t  res;
113     nd_uint8_t  safi;
114 };
115 #define BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE          23
116 
117 #define bgp_attr_lenlen(flags, p) \
118     (((flags) & 0x10) ? 2U : 1U)
119 #define bgp_attr_len(flags, p) \
120     (((flags) & 0x10) ? GET_BE_U_2(p) : GET_U_1(p))
121 
122 #define BGPTYPE_ORIGIN                   1
123 #define BGPTYPE_AS_PATH                  2
124 #define BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP                 3
125 #define BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC          4
126 #define BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF               5
127 #define BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE         6
128 #define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR               7
129 #define BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES              8    /* RFC1997 */
130 #define BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID            9    /* RFC4456 */
131 #define BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST            10    /* RFC4456 */
132 #define BGPTYPE_DPA                     11    /* deprecated, draft-ietf-idr-bgp-dpa */
133 #define BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS             12    /* deprecated RFC1863 */
134 #define BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH               13    /* deprecated RFC1863 */
135 #define BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI           14    /* RFC4760 */
136 #define BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI         15    /* RFC4760 */
137 #define BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES        16    /* RFC4360 */
138 #define BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH                17    /* RFC6793 */
139 #define BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4             18    /* RFC6793 */
140 #define BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL             22    /* RFC6514 */
141 #define BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP            23    /* RFC5512 */
142 #define BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG             24    /* RFC5543 */
143 #define BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES   25    /* RFC5701 */
144 #define BGPTYPE_AIGP                    26    /* RFC7311 */
145 #define BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL  27    /* RFC6514 */
146 #define BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL           28    /* RFC6790 */
147 #define BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY         32    /* draft-ietf-idr-large-community-05 */
148 #define BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET               128    /* RFC6368 */
149 
150 #define BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE              3    /* End of RIB Marker detection */
151 
152 static const struct tok bgp_attr_values[] = {
153     { BGPTYPE_ORIGIN,           "Origin"},
154     { BGPTYPE_AS_PATH,          "AS Path"},
155     { BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH,         "AS4 Path"},
156     { BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP,         "Next Hop"},
157     { BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC,  "Multi Exit Discriminator"},
158     { BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF,       "Local Preference"},
159     { BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE, "Atomic Aggregate"},
160     { BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR,       "Aggregator"},
161     { BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4,      "Aggregator4"},
162     { BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES,      "Community"},
163     { BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID,    "Originator ID"},
164     { BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST,     "Cluster List"},
165     { BGPTYPE_DPA,              "DPA"},
166     { BGPTYPE_ADVERTISERS,      "Advertisers"},
167     { BGPTYPE_RCID_PATH,        "RCID Path / Cluster ID"},
168     { BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI,    "Multi-Protocol Reach NLRI"},
169     { BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI,  "Multi-Protocol Unreach NLRI"},
170     { BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES, "Extended Community"},
171     { BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL,      "PMSI Tunnel"},
172     { BGPTYPE_TUNNEL_ENCAP,     "Tunnel Encapsulation"},
173     { BGPTYPE_TRAFFIC_ENG,      "Traffic Engineering"},
174     { BGPTYPE_IPV6_EXTD_COMMUNITIES, "IPv6 Extended Community"},
175     { BGPTYPE_AIGP,             "Accumulated IGP Metric"},
176     { BGPTYPE_PE_DISTINGUISHER_LABEL, "PE Distinguisher Label"},
177     { BGPTYPE_ENTROPY_LABEL,    "Entropy Label"},
178     { BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY,  "Large Community"},
179     { BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET,         "Attribute Set"},
180     { 255,                      "Reserved for development"},
181     { 0, NULL}
182 };
183 
184 #define BGP_AS_SET             1
185 #define BGP_AS_SEQUENCE        2
186 #define BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE 3 /* draft-ietf-idr-rfc3065bis-01 */
187 #define BGP_CONFED_AS_SET      4 /* draft-ietf-idr-rfc3065bis-01  */
188 
189 #define BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN    BGP_AS_SET
190 #define BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX    BGP_CONFED_AS_SET
191 
192 static const struct tok bgp_as_path_segment_open_values[] = {
193     { BGP_AS_SEQUENCE,         ""},
194     { BGP_AS_SET,              "{ "},
195     { BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE,  "( "},
196     { BGP_CONFED_AS_SET,       "({ "},
197     { 0, NULL}
198 };
199 
200 static const struct tok bgp_as_path_segment_close_values[] = {
201     { BGP_AS_SEQUENCE,         ""},
202     { BGP_AS_SET,              "}"},
203     { BGP_CONFED_AS_SEQUENCE,  ")"},
204     { BGP_CONFED_AS_SET,       "})"},
205     { 0, NULL}
206 };
207 
208 #define BGP_OPT_AUTH                    1
209 #define BGP_OPT_CAP                     2
210 
211 static const struct tok bgp_opt_values[] = {
212     { BGP_OPT_AUTH,             "Authentication Information"},
213     { BGP_OPT_CAP,              "Capabilities Advertisement"},
214     { 0, NULL}
215 };
216 
217 #define BGP_CAPCODE_MP                  1 /* RFC2858 */
218 #define BGP_CAPCODE_RR                  2 /* RFC2918 */
219 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ORF                 3 /* RFC5291 */
220 #define BGP_CAPCODE_MR                  4 /* RFC3107 */
221 #define BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH              5 /* RFC5549 */
222 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ML                  8 /* RFC8277 */
223 #define BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART            64 /* RFC4724  */
224 #define BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW             65 /* RFC6793 */
225 #define BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP            67 /* draft-ietf-idr-dynamic-cap */
226 #define BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS          68 /* draft-ietf-idr-bgp-multisession */
227 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH           69 /* RFC7911 */
228 #define BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR             70 /* draft-keyur-bgp-enhanced-route-refresh */
229 #define BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR               71 /* draft-uttaro-idr-bgp-persistence-05 */
230 #define BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO          128
231 
232 static const struct tok bgp_capcode_values[] = {
233     { BGP_CAPCODE_MP,           "Multiprotocol Extensions"},
234     { BGP_CAPCODE_RR,           "Route Refresh"},
235     { BGP_CAPCODE_ORF,          "Cooperative Route Filtering"},
236     { BGP_CAPCODE_MR,           "Multiple Routes to a Destination"},
237     { BGP_CAPCODE_EXT_NH,       "Extended Next Hop Encoding"},
238     { BGP_CAPCODE_ML,           "Multiple Labels"},
239     { BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART,      "Graceful Restart"},
240     { BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW,       "32-Bit AS Number"},
241     { BGP_CAPCODE_DYN_CAP,      "Dynamic Capability"},
242     { BGP_CAPCODE_MULTISESS,    "Multisession BGP"},
243     { BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH,     "Multiple Paths"},
244     { BGP_CAPCODE_ENH_RR,       "Enhanced Route Refresh"},
245     { BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR,         "Long-lived Graceful Restart"},
246     { BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO,     "Route Refresh (Cisco)"},
247     { 0, NULL}
248 };
249 
250 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG            1
251 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN           2
252 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE         3
253 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_HOLDTIME       4
254 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM            5
255 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE          6
256 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP            7
257 
258 static const struct tok bgp_notify_major_values[] = {
259     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG,     "Message Header Error"},
260     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN,    "OPEN Message Error"},
261     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE,  "UPDATE Message Error"},
262     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_HOLDTIME,"Hold Timer Expired"},
263     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM,     "Finite State Machine Error"},
264     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE,   "Cease"},
265     { BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP,     "Capability Message Error"},
266     { 0, NULL}
267 };
268 
269 /* RFC 4486 */
270 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX  1
271 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT     2
272 #define BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET    4
273 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_cease_values[] = {
274     { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX, "Maximum Number of Prefixes Reached"},
275     { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT,    "Administrative Shutdown"},
276     { 3,                        "Peer Unconfigured"},
277     { BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET,   "Administrative Reset"},
278     { 5,                        "Connection Rejected"},
279     { 6,                        "Other Configuration Change"},
280     { 7,                        "Connection Collision Resolution"},
281     { 0, NULL}
282 };
283 
284 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_msg_values[] = {
285     { 1,                        "Connection Not Synchronized"},
286     { 2,                        "Bad Message Length"},
287     { 3,                        "Bad Message Type"},
288     { 0, NULL}
289 };
290 
291 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_open_values[] = {
292     { 1,                        "Unsupported Version Number"},
293     { 2,                        "Bad Peer AS"},
294     { 3,                        "Bad BGP Identifier"},
295     { 4,                        "Unsupported Optional Parameter"},
296     { 5,                        "Authentication Failure"},
297     { 6,                        "Unacceptable Hold Time"},
298     { 7,                        "Capability Message Error"},
299     { 0, NULL}
300 };
301 
302 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_update_values[] = {
303     { 1,                        "Malformed Attribute List"},
304     { 2,                        "Unrecognized Well-known Attribute"},
305     { 3,                        "Missing Well-known Attribute"},
306     { 4,                        "Attribute Flags Error"},
307     { 5,                        "Attribute Length Error"},
308     { 6,                        "Invalid ORIGIN Attribute"},
309     { 7,                        "AS Routing Loop"},
310     { 8,                        "Invalid NEXT_HOP Attribute"},
311     { 9,                        "Optional Attribute Error"},
312     { 10,                       "Invalid Network Field"},
313     { 11,                       "Malformed AS_PATH"},
314     { 0, NULL}
315 };
316 
317 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values[] = {
318     { 0,                        "Unspecified Error"},
319     { 1,                        "In OpenSent State"},
320     { 2,                        "In OpenConfirm State"},
321     { 3,                        "In Established State"},
322     { 0, NULL }
323 };
324 
325 static const struct tok bgp_notify_minor_cap_values[] = {
326     { 1,                        "Invalid Action Value" },
327     { 2,                        "Invalid Capability Length" },
328     { 3,                        "Malformed Capability Value" },
329     { 4,                        "Unsupported Capability Code" },
330     { 0, NULL }
331 };
332 
333 static const struct tok bgp_origin_values[] = {
334     { 0,                        "IGP"},
335     { 1,                        "EGP"},
336     { 2,                        "Incomplete"},
337     { 0, NULL}
338 };
339 
340 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP 1
341 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP  2
342 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM   3
343 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM    4
344 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR 5
345 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS   6
346 #define BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP 7
347 
348 static const struct tok bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values[] = {
349     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP, "RSVP-TE P2MP LSP"},
350     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP, "LDP P2MP LSP"},
351     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM, "PIM-SSM Tree"},
352     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM, "PIM-SM Tree"},
353     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR, "PIM-Bidir Tree"},
354     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS, "Ingress Replication"},
355     { BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP, "LDP MP2MP LSP"},
356     { 0, NULL}
357 };
358 
359 static const struct tok bgp_pmsi_flag_values[] = {
360     { 0x01, "Leaf Information required"},
361     { 0, NULL}
362 };
363 
364 #define BGP_AIGP_TLV 1
365 
366 static const struct tok bgp_aigp_values[] = {
367     { BGP_AIGP_TLV, "AIGP"},
368     { 0, NULL}
369 };
370 
371 /* Subsequent address family identifier, RFC2283 section 7 */
372 #define SAFNUM_RES                      0
373 #define SAFNUM_UNICAST                  1
374 #define SAFNUM_MULTICAST                2
375 #define SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST             3       /* deprecated now */
376 /* labeled BGP RFC3107 */
377 #define SAFNUM_LABUNICAST               4
378 /* RFC6514 */
379 #define SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN            5
380 /* draft-nalawade-kapoor-tunnel-safi */
381 #define SAFNUM_TUNNEL                   64
382 /* RFC4761 */
383 #define SAFNUM_VPLS                     65
384 /* RFC6037 */
385 #define SAFNUM_MDT                      66
386 /* RFC7432 */
387 #define SAFNUM_EVPN                     70
388 /* RFC4364 */
389 #define SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST               128
390 /* RFC6513 */
391 #define SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST             129
392 #define SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST          130     /* deprecated now */
393 /* RFC4684 */
394 #define SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO          132
395 
396 #define BGP_VPN_RD_LEN                  8
397 
398 static const struct tok bgp_safi_values[] = {
399     { SAFNUM_RES,               "Reserved"},
400     { SAFNUM_UNICAST,           "Unicast"},
401     { SAFNUM_MULTICAST,         "Multicast"},
402     { SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST,      "Unicast+Multicast"},
403     { SAFNUM_LABUNICAST,        "labeled Unicast"},
404     { SAFNUM_TUNNEL,            "Tunnel"},
405     { SAFNUM_VPLS,              "VPLS"},
406     { SAFNUM_MDT,               "MDT"},
407     { SAFNUM_EVPN,              "EVPN"},
408     { SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST,        "labeled VPN Unicast"},
409     { SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST,      "labeled VPN Multicast"},
410     { SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST,   "labeled VPN Unicast+Multicast"},
411     { SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO,   "Route Target Routing Information"},
412     { SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN,     "Multicast VPN"},
413     { 0, NULL }
414 };
415 
416 /* well-known community */
417 #define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT              0xffffff01
418 #define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT              0xffffff02
419 #define BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED    0xffffff03
420 
421 /* Extended community type - RFC 4360 */
422 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0        0x0002  /* Route Target,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
423 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1        0x0102  /* Route Target,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
424 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2        0x0202  /* Route Target,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
425 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0        0x0003  /* Route Origin,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
426 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1        0x0103  /* Route Origin,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
427 #define BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2        0x0203  /* Route Origin,Format AN(4bytes):local(2bytes) */
428 #define BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND    0x4004  /* Link Bandwidth,Format AS(2B):Bandwidth(4B) */
429                                         /* rfc2547 bgp-mpls-vpns */
430 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN  0x0005  /* OSPF Domain ID / VPN of Origin  - draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls */
431 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2 0x0105  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
432 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3 0x0205  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
433 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4 0x8005  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
434 
435 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE  0x0306  /* OSPF Route Type,Format Area(4B):RouteType(1B):Options(1B) */
436 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2 0x8000  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
437 #define BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP       0x030c  /* rfc5512 */
438 
439 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID    0x0107  /* OSPF Router ID,Format RouterID(4B):Unused(2B) */
440 #define BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2   0x8001  /* duplicate - keep for backwards compatibility */
441 
442 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO      0x800a  /* draft-kompella-ppvpn-l2vpn */
443 
444 #define BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS   0x0009  /* RFC-ietf-l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp-08.txt */
445 #define BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP  0x010b  /* RFC-ietf-l3vpn-2547bis-mcast-bgp-08.txt */
446 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0  0x000a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format AS(2bytes):AN(4bytes) */
447 #define BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1  0xF10a  /* L2VPN Identifier,Format IP address:AN(2bytes) */
448 
449 /* https://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk436/tk428/technologies_tech_note09186a00801eb09a.shtml  */
450 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN                    0x8800
451 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY        0x8801
452 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW       0x8802
453 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU        0x8803
454 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID        0x8804
455 #define BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC 0x8805
456 
457 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_flag_values[] = {
458     { 0x8000,                  "vendor-specific"},
459     { 0x4000,                  "non-transitive"},
460     { 0, NULL},
461 };
462 
463 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values[] = {
464     { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0,        "target"},
465     { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1,        "target"},
466     { BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2,        "target"},
467     { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0,        "origin"},
468     { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1,        "origin"},
469     { BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2,        "origin"},
470     { BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND,    "link-BW"},
471     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN,  "ospf-domain"},
472     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2, "ospf-domain"},
473     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3, "ospf-domain"},
474     { BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4, "ospf-domain"},
475     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE,  "ospf-route-type"},
476     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2, "ospf-route-type"},
477     { BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP,       "encapsulation"},
478     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID,    "ospf-router-id"},
479     { BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2,   "ospf-router-id"},
480     { BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO,      "layer2-info"},
481     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_GEN,   "eigrp-general-route (flag, tag)" },
482     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_AS_DELAY, "eigrp-route-metric (AS, delay)" },
483     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_REL_NH_BW, "eigrp-route-metric (reliability, nexthop, bandwidth)" },
484     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_METRIC_LOAD_MTU, "eigrp-route-metric (load, MTU)" },
485     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMAS_REMID, "eigrp-external-route (remote-AS, remote-ID)" },
486     { BGP_EXT_COM_EIGRP_EXT_REMPROTO_REMMETRIC, "eigrp-external-route (remote-proto, remote-metric)" },
487     { BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS, "source-AS" },
488     { BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP, "vrf-route-import"},
489     { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0, "l2vpn-id"},
490     { BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1, "l2vpn-id"},
491     { 0, NULL},
492 };
493 
494 /* RFC RFC5512 BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute Tunnel Types */
495 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_L2TPV3_IP  1
496 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_GRE        2
497 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_TRANSMIT   3
498 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPSEC      4
499 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IPSEC   5
500 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_IP    6
501 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IP      7
502 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN      8
503 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_NVGRE      9
504 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS       10
505 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_GRE   11
506 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN_GPE  12
507 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_UDP   13
508 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPV6       14
509 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR_TE      15
510 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_BARE       16
511 #define BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR         17
512 
513 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_encap_tunnel_values[] = {
514     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_L2TPV3_IP,    "L2TPv3 over IP"},
515     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_GRE,          "GRE"},
516     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_TRANSMIT,     "Transmit Tunnel"},
517     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPSEC,        "IPsec"},
518     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IPSEC,     "IP in IP with IPsec"},
519     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_IP,      "MPLS in IP with IPsec"},
520     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IP_IP,        "IP in IP"},
521     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN,        "VXLAN"},
522     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_NVGRE,        "NVGRE"},
523     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS,         "MPLS"},
524     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_GRE,     "MPLS in GRE"},
525     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_VXLAN_GPE,    "VXLAN GPE"},
526     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_MPLS_UDP,     "MPLS in UDP"},
527     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_IPV6,         "IPv6"},
528     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR_TE,        "SR TE"},
529     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_BARE,         "Bare"},
530     { BGP_ENCAP_TUNNEL_SR,           "SR"},
531     { 0, NULL},
532 };
533 
534 /* OSPF codes for  BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE draft-rosen-vpns-ospf-bgp-mpls  */
535 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR      1 /* OSPF Router LSA */
536 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET      2 /* OSPF Network LSA */
537 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SUM      3 /* OSPF Summary LSA */
538 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT      5 /* OSPF External LSA, note that ASBR doesn't apply to MPLS-VPN */
539 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA     7 /* OSPF NSSA External*/
540 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SHAM     129 /* OSPF-MPLS-VPN Sham link */
541 #define BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE 0x1 /* LSB of RTYPE Options Field */
542 
543 static const struct tok bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values[] = {
544   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_RTR, "Router" },
545   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NET, "Network" },
546   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SUM, "Summary" },
547   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT, "External" },
548   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA,"NSSA External" },
549   { BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_SHAM,"MPLS-VPN Sham" },
550   { 0, NULL },
551 };
552 
553 /* ADD-PATH Send/Receive field values */
554 static const struct tok bgp_add_path_recvsend[] = {
555     { 1, "Receive" },
556     { 2, "Send" },
557     { 3, "Both" },
558     { 0, NULL },
559 };
560 
561 #define AS_STR_SIZE sizeof("xxxxx.xxxxx")
562 
563 /*
564  * as_printf
565  *
566  * Convert an AS number into a string and return string pointer.
567  *
568  * Depending on bflag is set or not, AS number is converted into ASDOT notation
569  * or plain number notation.
570  *
571  */
572 static char *
573 as_printf(netdissect_options *ndo,
574           char *str, size_t size, u_int asnum)
575 {
576     if (!ndo->ndo_bflag || asnum <= 0xFFFF) {
577         snprintf(str, size, "%u", asnum);
578     } else {
579         snprintf(str, size, "%u.%u", asnum >> 16, asnum & 0xFFFF);
580     }
581     return str;
582 }
583 
584 #define ITEMCHECK(minlen) if (itemlen < minlen) goto badtlv;
585 
586 int
587 decode_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
588                const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
589 {
590     nd_ipv4 addr;
591     u_int plen, plenbytes;
592 
593     ITEMCHECK(1);
594     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);
595     if (32 < plen)
596         return -1;
597     itemlen -= 1;
598 
599     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
600     plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
601     ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
602     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 1, plenbytes);
603     if (plen % 8) {
604         ((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
605     }
606     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u", ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr), plen);
607     return 1 + plenbytes;
608 
609 badtlv:
610     return -2;
611 }
612 
613 static int
614 decode_labeled_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
615                        const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf,
616                        size_t buflen)
617 {
618     nd_ipv4 addr;
619     u_int plen, plenbytes;
620 
621     /* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
622     ND_TCHECK_4(pptr);
623     ITEMCHECK(4);
624     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
625 
626     /* this is one of the weirdnesses of rfc3107
627        the label length (actually the label + COS bits)
628        is added to the prefix length;
629        we also do only read out just one label -
630        there is no real application for advertisement of
631        stacked labels in a single BGP message
632     */
633 
634     if (24 > plen)
635         return -1;
636 
637     plen-=24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */
638 
639     if (32 < plen)
640         return -1;
641     itemlen -= 4;
642 
643     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
644     plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
645     ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
646     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 4, plenbytes);
647     if (plen % 8) {
648         ((u_char *)&addr)[plenbytes - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
649     }
650     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
651     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u, label:%u %s",
652              ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
653              plen,
654              GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
655              ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
656 
657     return 4 + plenbytes;
658 
659 trunc:
660     return -2;
661 
662 badtlv:
663     return -3;
664 }
665 
666 /*
667  * bgp_vpn_ip_print
668  *
669  * print an ipv4 or ipv6 address into a buffer dependent on address length.
670  */
671 static char *
672 bgp_vpn_ip_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
673                  const u_char *pptr, u_int addr_length)
674 {
675 
676     /* worst case string is s fully formatted v6 address */
677     static char addr[sizeof("1234:5678:89ab:cdef:1234:5678:89ab:cdef")];
678     char *pos = addr;
679 
680     switch(addr_length) {
681     case (sizeof(nd_ipv4) << 3): /* 32 */
682         snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr));
683         break;
684     case (sizeof(nd_ipv6) << 3): /* 128 */
685         snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "%s", GET_IP6ADDR_STRING(pptr));
686         break;
687     default:
688         snprintf(pos, sizeof(addr), "bogus address length %u", addr_length);
689         break;
690     }
691     pos += strlen(pos);
692 
693     *(pos) = '\0';
694     return (addr);
695 }
696 
697 /*
698  * bgp_vpn_sg_print
699  *
700  * print an multicast s,g entry into a buffer.
701  * the s,g entry is encoded like this.
702  *
703  * +-----------------------------------+
704  * | Multicast Source Length (1 octet) |
705  * +-----------------------------------+
706  * |   Multicast Source (Variable)     |
707  * +-----------------------------------+
708  * |  Multicast Group Length (1 octet) |
709  * +-----------------------------------+
710  * |  Multicast Group   (Variable)     |
711  * +-----------------------------------+
712  *
713  * return the number of bytes read from the wire.
714  */
715 static u_int
716 bgp_vpn_sg_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
717                  const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
718 {
719     uint8_t addr_length;
720     u_int total_length, offset;
721 
722     total_length = 0;
723 
724     /* Source address length, encoded in bits */
725     addr_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
726     pptr++;
727 
728     /* Source address */
729     ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, (addr_length >> 3));
730     total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
731     offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
732     if (addr_length) {
733         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Source %s",
734              bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
735         pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
736     }
737 
738     /* Group address length, encoded in bits */
739     addr_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
740     pptr++;
741 
742     /* Group address */
743     ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, (addr_length >> 3));
744     total_length += (addr_length >> 3) + 1;
745     offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
746     if (addr_length) {
747         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Group %s",
748              bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length));
749         pptr += (addr_length >> 3);
750     }
751 
752 trunc:
753     return (total_length);
754 }
755 
756 /* Print an RFC 4364 Route Distinguisher */
757 const char *
758 bgp_vpn_rd_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
759                  const u_char *pptr)
760 {
761     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
762     static char rd[sizeof("xxxxx.xxxxx:xxxxx (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:xxxxx)")];
763     char *pos = rd;
764     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
765     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
766 
767     /* ok lets load the RD format */
768     switch (GET_BE_U_2(pptr)) {
769 
770     case 0:
771         /* 2-byte-AS:number fmt */
772         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u:%u (= %u.%u.%u.%u)",
773                     GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2),
774                     GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 4),
775                     GET_U_1(pptr + 4), GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
776                     GET_U_1(pptr + 6), GET_U_1(pptr + 7));
777         break;
778 
779     case 1:
780         /* IP-address:AS fmt */
781         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%u.%u.%u.%u:%u",
782                     GET_U_1(pptr + 2), GET_U_1(pptr + 3),
783                     GET_U_1(pptr + 4), GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
784                     GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
785         break;
786 
787     case 2:
788         /* 4-byte-AS:number fmt */
789         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "%s:%u (%u.%u.%u.%u:%u)",
790                     as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 2)),
791                     GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6), GET_U_1(pptr + 2),
792                     GET_U_1(pptr + 3), GET_U_1(pptr + 4),
793                     GET_U_1(pptr + 5), GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
794         break;
795     default:
796         snprintf(pos, sizeof(rd) - (pos - rd), "unknown RD format");
797         break;
798     }
799     pos += strlen(pos);
800     *(pos) = '\0';
801     return (rd);
802 }
803 
804 /*
805  * Print an RFC 4360 Extended Community.
806  */
807 static void
808 bgp_extended_community_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
809                              const u_char *pptr)
810 {
811     union { /* copy buffer for bandwidth values */
812         float f;
813         uint32_t i;
814     } bw;
815     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
816     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
817 
818     switch (GET_BE_U_2(pptr)) {
819 
820     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0:
821     case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_0:
822     case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_0:
823         ND_PRINT("%u:%u (= %s)",
824                  GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2),
825                  GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 4),
826                  GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+4));
827         break;
828 
829     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1:
830     case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_1:
831     case BGP_EXT_COM_L2VPN_RT_1:
832     case BGP_EXT_COM_VRF_RT_IMP:
833         ND_PRINT("%s:%u",
834                  GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+2),
835                  GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
836         break;
837 
838     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2:
839         case BGP_EXT_COM_RO_2:
840             ND_PRINT("%s:%u",
841                      as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
842                      GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 2)), GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6));
843             break;
844 
845     case BGP_EXT_COM_LINKBAND:
846             bw.i = GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 4);
847             ND_PRINT("bandwidth: %.3f Mbps",
848                      bw.f*8/1000000);
849             break;
850 
851     case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN:
852     case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN2:
853     case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN3:
854     case BGP_EXT_COM_VPN_ORIGIN4:
855     case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID:
856     case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RID2:
857         ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+2));
858         break;
859 
860     case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE:
861     case BGP_EXT_COM_OSPF_RTYPE2:
862         ND_PRINT("area:%s, router-type:%s, metric-type:%s%s",
863                  GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+2),
864                  tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_ospf_rtype_values,
865                          "unknown (0x%02x)",
866                          GET_U_1((pptr + 6))),
867                  (GET_U_1(pptr + 7) &  BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_METRIC_TYPE) ? "E2" : "",
868                  ((GET_U_1(pptr + 6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_EXT) || (GET_U_1(pptr + 6) == BGP_OSPF_RTYPE_NSSA)) ? "E1" : "");
869         break;
870 
871     case BGP_EXT_COM_L2INFO:
872         ND_PRINT("%s Control Flags [0x%02x]:MTU %u",
873                  tok2str(l2vpn_encaps_values,
874                          "unknown encaps",
875                          GET_U_1((pptr + 2))),
876                  GET_U_1((pptr + 3)),
877                  GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 4));
878         break;
879 
880     case BGP_EXT_COM_SOURCE_AS:
881         ND_PRINT("AS %u", GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 2));
882         break;
883 
884     case BGP_EXT_COM_ENCAP:
885         ND_PRINT("Tunnel type: %s", tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_encap_tunnel_values,
886                                            "unknown encaps",
887                                            GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 6)));
888         break;
889 
890     default:
891         ND_PRINT("%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
892                  GET_U_1(pptr + 2),
893                  GET_U_1(pptr + 3),
894                  GET_U_1(pptr + 4),
895                  GET_U_1(pptr + 5),
896                  GET_U_1(pptr + 6),
897                  GET_U_1(pptr + 7));
898         break;
899     }
900 }
901 
902 /*
903  * RFC4684 (Section 4)/RFC2858 (Section 4).
904  * RTC membership prefix is structured as follows
905  * [prefix-len] [origin-as] [route-target]
906  * The route-target is encoded as RT ext-comms.
907  * Prefix-len may be 0, 32..96
908  *
909  * Note that pptr is not packet data - it is
910  * a buffer owned by our caller - therefore GET_*
911  * macros can not be used.
912  */
913 static char *
914 bgp_rt_prefix_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
915                     const u_char *pptr,
916                     u_int plen)
917 {
918     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
919     char rtc_prefix_in_hex[sizeof("0000 0000 0000 0000")] = "";
920     u_int rtc_prefix_in_hex_len = 0;
921     static char output[61]; /* max response string */
922     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
923     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
924     uint16_t ec_type = 0;
925     u_int octet_count;
926     u_int i;
927 
928     if (plen == 0) {
929         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: 0:0/0");
930         return (output);
931     }
932 
933     /* hex representation of the prefix */
934     octet_count = (plen+7)/8;
935     for (i=0; i<octet_count; i++) {
936         rtc_prefix_in_hex_len += snprintf(rtc_prefix_in_hex+rtc_prefix_in_hex_len,
937                                 sizeof(rtc_prefix_in_hex)-rtc_prefix_in_hex_len,
938                                 "%02x%s", *(pptr+i),
939                                 ((i%2 == 1) && (i<octet_count-1)) ? " " : "");
940             }
941 
942     if (plen < 16) {
943 	/*
944 	 * The prefix is too short to include the full ext-comm type,
945 	 * so we have no way to parse it further.
946 	 */
947         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: partial-type: (%s/%d)",
948                  rtc_prefix_in_hex, plen);
949         return (output);
950     }
951 
952     /*
953      * get the ext-comm type
954      * Note: pptr references a static 8 octet buffer with unused bits set to 0,
955      * hence EXTRACT_*() macros are safe.
956      */
957     ec_type = EXTRACT_BE_U_2(pptr);
958     switch (ec_type) {
959     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_0:
960         /* 2-byte-AS:number fmt */
961         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: %u:%u/%d (%s)",
962                  EXTRACT_BE_U_2(pptr+2),
963                  EXTRACT_BE_U_4(pptr+4),
964                  plen, rtc_prefix_in_hex);
965         break;
966 
967     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_1:
968         /* IP-address:AS fmt */
969         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: %u.%u.%u.%u:%u/%d (%s)",
970                  *(pptr+2), *(pptr+3), *(pptr+4), *(pptr+5),
971                  EXTRACT_BE_U_2(pptr+6), plen, rtc_prefix_in_hex);
972         break;
973 
974     case BGP_EXT_COM_RT_2:
975         /* 4-byte-AS:number fmt */
976         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route-target: %s:%u/%d (%s)",
977                  as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), EXTRACT_BE_U_4(pptr+2)),
978                  EXTRACT_BE_U_2(pptr+6), plen, rtc_prefix_in_hex);
979         break;
980 
981     default:
982         snprintf(output, sizeof(output), "route target: unknown-type(%04x) (%s/%d)",
983                  ec_type,
984                  rtc_prefix_in_hex, plen);
985         break;
986     }
987     return (output);
988 }
989 
990 /* RFC 4684 */
991 static int
992 decode_rt_routing_info(netdissect_options *ndo,
993                        const u_char *pptr)
994 {
995     uint8_t route_target[8];
996     u_int plen;
997     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
998     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
999     u_int num_octets;
1000 
1001     /* NLRI "prefix length" from RFC 2858 Section 4. */
1002     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
1003 
1004     /* NLRI "prefix" (ibid), valid lengths are { 0, 32, 33, ..., 96 } bits.
1005      * RFC 4684 Section 4 defines the layout of "origin AS" and "route
1006      * target" fields inside the "prefix" depending on its length.
1007      */
1008     if (0 == plen) {
1009         /* Without "origin AS", without "route target". */
1010         ND_PRINT("\n\t      default route target");
1011         return 1;
1012     }
1013 
1014     if (32 > plen) {
1015         ND_PRINT("\n\t      (illegal prefix length)");
1016         return -1;
1017     }
1018 
1019     /* With at least "origin AS", possibly with "route target". */
1020     as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(pptr + 1));
1021 
1022     plen -= 32; /* adjust prefix length */
1023 
1024     if (64 < plen) {
1025         ND_PRINT("\n\t      (illegal prefix length)");
1026         return -1;
1027     }
1028 
1029     /* From now on (plen + 7) / 8 evaluates to { 0, 1, 2, ..., 8 }
1030      * and gives the number of octets in the variable-length "route
1031      * target" field inside this NLRI "prefix". Look for it.
1032      */
1033     memset(&route_target, 0, sizeof(route_target));
1034     num_octets = (plen + 7) / 8;
1035     GET_CPY_BYTES(&route_target, pptr + 5, num_octets);
1036     /* If mask-len is not on octet boundary, ensure all extra bits are 0 */
1037     if (plen % 8) {
1038         ((u_char *)&route_target)[num_octets - 1] &=
1039             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1040     }
1041     ND_PRINT("\n\t      origin AS: %s, %s",
1042              astostr,
1043              bgp_rt_prefix_print(ndo, (u_char *)&route_target, plen));
1044 
1045     return 5 + num_octets;
1046 }
1047 
1048 static int
1049 decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(netdissect_options *ndo,
1050                            const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1051 {
1052     nd_ipv4 addr;
1053     u_int plen;
1054 
1055     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
1056 
1057     if ((24+64) > plen)
1058         return -1;
1059 
1060     plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
1061 
1062     if (32 < plen)
1063         return -1;
1064 
1065     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1066     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
1067     if (plen % 8) {
1068         ((u_char *)&addr)[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
1069             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1070     }
1071     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1072     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
1073                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
1074                 ipaddr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
1075                 plen,
1076                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
1077                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
1078 
1079     return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
1080 }
1081 
1082 /*
1083  * +-------------------------------+
1084  * |                               |
1085  * |  RD:IPv4-address (12 octets)  |
1086  * |                               |
1087  * +-------------------------------+
1088  * |  MDT Group-address (4 octets) |
1089  * +-------------------------------+
1090  */
1091 
1092 #define MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN 16
1093 
1094 static int
1095 decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(netdissect_options *ndo,
1096                     const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1097 {
1098     const u_char *rd;
1099     const u_char *vpn_ip;
1100 
1101     /* if the NLRI is not predefined length, quit.*/
1102     if (GET_U_1(pptr) != MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN * 8)
1103         return -1;
1104     pptr++;
1105 
1106     /* RD */
1107     ND_TCHECK_8(pptr);
1108     rd = pptr;
1109     pptr += 8;
1110 
1111     /* IPv4 address */
1112     vpn_ip = pptr;
1113     pptr += sizeof(nd_ipv4);
1114 
1115     /* MDT Group Address */
1116     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, VPN IP Address: %s, MC Group Address: %s",
1117                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, rd), GET_IPADDR_STRING(vpn_ip), GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr));
1118 
1119     return MDT_VPN_NLRI_LEN + 1;
1120 
1121  trunc:
1122     return -2;
1123 }
1124 
1125 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI   1
1126 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI   2
1127 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI            3
1128 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF 4
1129 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE     5
1130 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN  6
1131 #define BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN  7
1132 
1133 static const struct tok bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values[] = {
1134     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI, "Intra-AS I-PMSI"},
1135     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI, "Inter-AS I-PMSI"},
1136     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI, "S-PMSI"},
1137     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF, "Intra-AS Segment-Leaf"},
1138     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE, "Source-Active"},
1139     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN, "Shared Tree Join"},
1140     { BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN, "Source Tree Join"},
1141     { 0, NULL}
1142 };
1143 
1144 UNALIGNED_OK
1145 static int
1146 decode_multicast_vpn(netdissect_options *ndo,
1147                      const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1148 {
1149     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
1150     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
1151     uint8_t route_type, route_length;
1152     u_int addr_length, sg_length;
1153     u_int offset;
1154 
1155     route_type = GET_U_1(pptr);
1156     pptr++;
1157     route_length = GET_U_1(pptr);
1158     pptr++;
1159 
1160     snprintf(buf, buflen, "Route-Type: %s (%u), length: %u",
1161          tok2str(bgp_multicast_vpn_route_type_values,
1162                  "Unknown", route_type),
1163          route_type, route_length);
1164 
1165     switch(route_type) {
1166     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_I_PMSI:
1167         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
1168         if (route_length < BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)
1169             goto trunc;
1170         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1171         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Originator %s",
1172                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1173                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,
1174                                      (route_length - BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) << 3));
1175         break;
1176     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTER_AS_I_PMSI:
1177         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
1178         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1179         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
1180         bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1181         as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
1182         GET_BE_U_4(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
1183         break;
1184 
1185     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_S_PMSI:
1186         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
1187         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1188         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
1189                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
1190         pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
1191 
1192         sg_length = bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
1193         addr_length =  route_length - sg_length;
1194 
1195         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, addr_length);
1196         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1197         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", Originator %s",
1198                     bgp_vpn_ip_print(ndo, pptr, addr_length << 3));
1199         break;
1200 
1201     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_ACTIVE:
1202         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
1203         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1204         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s",
1205                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr));
1206         pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN;
1207 
1208         bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
1209         break;
1210 
1211     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SHARED_TREE_JOIN: /* fall through */
1212     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_SOURCE_TREE_JOIN:
1213         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4);
1214         offset = (u_int)strlen(buf);
1215         snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, ", RD: %s, Source-AS %s",
1216                     bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1217                     as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
1218                     GET_BE_U_4(pptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN)));
1219         pptr += BGP_VPN_RD_LEN + 4;
1220 
1221         bgp_vpn_sg_print(ndo, pptr, buf, buflen);
1222         break;
1223 
1224         /*
1225          * no per route-type printing yet.
1226          */
1227     case BGP_MULTICAST_VPN_ROUTE_TYPE_INTRA_AS_SEG_LEAF:
1228     default:
1229         break;
1230     }
1231 
1232     return route_length + 2;
1233 
1234 trunc:
1235     return -2;
1236 }
1237 
1238 /*
1239  * As I remember, some versions of systems have an snprintf() that
1240  * returns -1 if the buffer would have overflowed.  If the return
1241  * value is negative, set buflen to 0, to indicate that we've filled
1242  * the buffer up.
1243  *
1244  * If the return value is greater than buflen, that means that
1245  * the buffer would have overflowed; again, set buflen to 0 in
1246  * that case.
1247  */
1248 #define UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen) \
1249     if (stringlen<0) \
1250         buflen=0; \
1251     else if ((u_int)stringlen>buflen) \
1252         buflen=0; \
1253     else { \
1254         buflen-=stringlen; \
1255         buf+=stringlen; \
1256     }
1257 
1258 static int
1259 decode_labeled_vpn_l2(netdissect_options *ndo,
1260                       const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1261 {
1262     u_int plen, tlen, tlv_type, tlv_len, ttlv_len;
1263     int stringlen;
1264 
1265     plen = GET_BE_U_2(pptr);
1266     tlen = plen;
1267     pptr += 2;
1268     /* Old and new L2VPN NLRI share AFI/SAFI
1269      *   -> Assume a 12 Byte-length NLRI is auto-discovery-only
1270      *      and > 17 as old format. Complain for the middle case
1271      */
1272     if (plen == 12) {
1273         /* assume AD-only with RD, BGPNH */
1274         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, 12);
1275         buf[0] = '\0';
1276         stringlen = snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, BGPNH: %s",
1277                                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1278                                 GET_IPADDR_STRING(pptr+8));
1279         UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1280         pptr += 12;
1281         tlen -= 12;
1282         return plen + 2;
1283     } else if (plen > 17) {
1284         /* assume old format */
1285         /* RD, ID, LBLKOFF, LBLBASE */
1286 
1287         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, 15);
1288         buf[0] = '\0';
1289         stringlen = snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, CE-ID: %u, Label-Block Offset: %u, Label Base %u",
1290                                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr),
1291                                 GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 8),
1292                                 GET_BE_U_2(pptr + 10),
1293                                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 12)>>4); /* the label is offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1294         UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1295         pptr += 15;
1296         tlen -= 15;
1297 
1298         /* ok now the variable part - lets read out TLVs*/
1299         while (tlen != 0) {
1300             if (tlen < 3) {
1301                 if (buflen != 0) {
1302                     stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tran past the end");
1303                     UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1304                 }
1305                 return plen + 2;
1306             }
1307             tlv_type = GET_U_1(pptr);
1308             pptr++;
1309             tlv_len = GET_BE_U_2(pptr);  /* length, in *bits* */
1310             ttlv_len = (tlv_len + 7)/8;      /* length, in *bytes* */
1311             pptr += 2;
1312 
1313             switch(tlv_type) {
1314             case 1:
1315                 if (buflen != 0) {
1316                     stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tcircuit status vector (%u) length: %u: 0x",
1317                                           tlv_type,
1318                                           tlv_len);
1319                     UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1320                 }
1321                 while (ttlv_len != 0) {
1322                     if (tlen < 1) {
1323                         if (buflen != 0) {
1324                             stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, " (ran past the end)");
1325                             UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1326                         }
1327                         return plen + 2;
1328                     }
1329                     ND_TCHECK_1(pptr);
1330                     if (buflen != 0) {
1331                         stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "%02x",
1332                                               GET_U_1(pptr));
1333                         pptr++;
1334                         UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1335                     }
1336                     ttlv_len--;
1337                     tlen--;
1338                 }
1339                 break;
1340             default:
1341                 if (buflen != 0) {
1342                     stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, "\n\t\tunknown TLV #%u, length: %u",
1343                                           tlv_type,
1344                                           tlv_len);
1345                     UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1346                 }
1347                 if (tlen < ttlv_len) {
1348                     if (buflen != 0) {
1349                         stringlen=snprintf(buf,buflen, " (ran past the end)");
1350                         UPDATE_BUF_BUFLEN(buf, buflen, stringlen);
1351                     }
1352                     return plen + 2;
1353                 }
1354                 tlen -= ttlv_len;
1355                 break;
1356             }
1357         }
1358         return plen + 2;
1359     } else {
1360         /* complain bitterly ? */
1361         /* fall through */
1362         goto trunc;
1363     }
1364 
1365 trunc:
1366     return -2;
1367 }
1368 
1369 int
1370 decode_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
1371                const u_char *pd, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1372 {
1373     nd_ipv6 addr;
1374     u_int plen, plenbytes;
1375 
1376     ITEMCHECK(1);
1377     plen = GET_U_1(pd);
1378     if (128 < plen)
1379         return -1;
1380     itemlen -= 1;
1381 
1382     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1383     plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
1384     ITEMCHECK(plenbytes);
1385     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pd + 1, plenbytes);
1386     if (plen % 8) {
1387         addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
1388             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1389     }
1390     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u", ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr), plen);
1391     return 1 + plenbytes;
1392 
1393 badtlv:
1394     return -2;
1395 }
1396 
1397 static int
1398 decode_labeled_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
1399                const u_char *pptr, u_int itemlen, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1400 {
1401     nd_ipv6 addr;
1402     u_int plen, plenbytes;
1403 
1404     /* prefix length and label = 4 bytes */
1405     ND_TCHECK_4(pptr);
1406     ITEMCHECK(4);
1407     plen = GET_U_1(pptr); /* get prefix length */
1408 
1409     if (24 > plen)
1410         return -1;
1411 
1412     plen -= 24; /* adjust prefixlen - labellength */
1413 
1414     if (128 < plen)
1415         return -1;
1416     itemlen -= 4;
1417 
1418     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1419     plenbytes = (plen + 7) / 8;
1420     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 4, plenbytes);
1421     if (plen % 8) {
1422         addr[plenbytes - 1] &=
1423             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1424     }
1425     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1426     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u, label:%u %s",
1427                 ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
1428                 plen,
1429                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
1430                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
1431 
1432     return 4 + plenbytes;
1433 
1434 trunc:
1435     return -2;
1436 
1437 badtlv:
1438     return -3;
1439 }
1440 
1441 static int
1442 decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(netdissect_options *ndo,
1443                            const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1444 {
1445     nd_ipv6 addr;
1446     u_int plen;
1447 
1448     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
1449 
1450     if ((24+64) > plen)
1451         return -1;
1452 
1453     plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
1454 
1455     if (128 < plen)
1456         return -1;
1457 
1458     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1459     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
1460     if (plen % 8) {
1461         addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
1462             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1463     }
1464     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1465     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
1466                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
1467                 ip6addr_string(ndo, (const u_char *)&addr),
1468                 plen,
1469                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
1470                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
1471 
1472     return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
1473 }
1474 
1475 static int
1476 decode_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
1477                    const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1478 {
1479     uint8_t addr[19];
1480     u_int plen;
1481 
1482     plen = GET_U_1(pptr); /* get prefix length */
1483 
1484     if (152 < plen)
1485         return -1;
1486 
1487     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1488     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 4, (plen + 7) / 8);
1489     if (plen % 8) {
1490         addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &=
1491             ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1492     }
1493     /* Cannot use GET_ISONSAP_STRING (not packet buffer pointer) */
1494     snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%u",
1495                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
1496                 plen);
1497 
1498     return 1 + (plen + 7) / 8;
1499 }
1500 
1501 static int
1502 decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(netdissect_options *ndo,
1503                                const u_char *pptr, char *buf, size_t buflen)
1504 {
1505     uint8_t addr[19];
1506     u_int plen;
1507 
1508     plen = GET_U_1(pptr);   /* get prefix length */
1509 
1510     if ((24+64) > plen)
1511         return -1;
1512 
1513     plen -= (24+64); /* adjust prefixlen - labellength - RD len*/
1514 
1515     if (152 < plen)
1516         return -1;
1517 
1518     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
1519     GET_CPY_BYTES(&addr, pptr + 12, (plen + 7) / 8);
1520     if (plen % 8) {
1521         addr[(plen + 7) / 8 - 1] &= ((0xff00 >> (plen % 8)) & 0xff);
1522     }
1523     /* the label may get offsetted by 4 bits so lets shift it right */
1524     /* Cannot use GET_ISONSAP_STRING (not packet buffer pointer) */
1525     snprintf(buf, buflen, "RD: %s, %s/%u, label:%u %s",
1526                 bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, pptr+4),
1527                 isonsap_string(ndo, addr,(plen + 7) / 8),
1528                 plen,
1529                 GET_BE_U_3(pptr + 1)>>4,
1530                 ((GET_U_1(pptr + 3) & 1) == 0) ? "(BOGUS: Bottom of Stack NOT set!)" : "(bottom)" );
1531 
1532     return 12 + (plen + 7) / 8;
1533 }
1534 
1535 /*
1536  * bgp_attr_get_as_size
1537  *
1538  * Try to find the size of the ASs encoded in an as-path. It is not obvious, as
1539  * both Old speakers that do not support 4 byte AS, and the new speakers that do
1540  * support, exchange AS-Path with the same path-attribute type value 0x02.
1541  */
1542 static u_int
1543 bgp_attr_get_as_size(netdissect_options *ndo,
1544                      uint8_t bgpa_type, const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
1545 {
1546     const u_char *tptr = pptr;
1547 
1548     /*
1549      * If the path attribute is the optional AS4 path type, then we already
1550      * know, that ASs must be encoded in 4 byte format.
1551      */
1552     if (bgpa_type == BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH) {
1553         return 4;
1554     }
1555 
1556     /*
1557      * Let us assume that ASs are of 2 bytes in size, and check if the AS-Path
1558      * TLV is good. If not, ask the caller to try with AS encoded as 4 bytes
1559      * each.
1560      */
1561     while (tptr < pptr + len) {
1562         /*
1563          * If we do not find a valid segment type, our guess might be wrong.
1564          */
1565         if (GET_U_1(tptr) < BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MIN || GET_U_1(tptr) > BGP_AS_SEG_TYPE_MAX) {
1566             goto trunc;
1567         }
1568         tptr += 2 + GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * 2;
1569     }
1570 
1571     /*
1572      * If we correctly reached end of the AS path attribute data content,
1573      * then most likely ASs were indeed encoded as 2 bytes.
1574      */
1575     if (tptr == pptr + len) {
1576         return 2;
1577     }
1578 
1579 trunc:
1580 
1581     /*
1582      * We can come here, either we did not have enough data, or if we
1583      * try to decode 4 byte ASs in 2 byte format. Either way, return 4,
1584      * so that caller can try to decode each AS as of 4 bytes. If indeed
1585      * there was not enough data, it will crib and end the parse anyways.
1586      */
1587     return 4;
1588 }
1589 
1590 /*
1591  * The only way to know that a BGP UPDATE message is using add path is
1592  * by checking if the capability is in the OPEN message which we may have missed.
1593  * So this function checks if it is possible that the update could contain add path
1594  * and if so it checks that standard BGP doesn't make sense.
1595  */
1596 static int
1597 check_add_path(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *pptr, u_int length,
1598                u_int max_prefix_length)
1599 {
1600     u_int offset, prefix_length;
1601 
1602     if (length < 5) {
1603         return 0;
1604     }
1605 
1606     /*
1607      * Scan through the NLRI information under the assumption that
1608      * it doesn't have path IDs.
1609      */
1610     for (offset = 0; offset < length;) {
1611         offset += 4;
1612         if (!ND_TTEST_1(pptr + offset)) {
1613             /* We ran out of captured data; quit scanning. */
1614             break;
1615         }
1616         prefix_length = GET_U_1(pptr + offset);
1617         /*
1618          * Add 4 to cover the path id
1619          * and check the prefix length isn't greater than 32/128.
1620          */
1621         if (prefix_length > max_prefix_length) {
1622             return 0;
1623         }
1624         /* Add 1 for the prefix_length byte and prefix_length to cover the address */
1625         offset += 1 + ((prefix_length + 7) / 8);
1626     }
1627     /* check we haven't gone past the end of the section */
1628     if (offset > length) {
1629         return 0;
1630     }
1631 
1632     /* check it's not standard BGP */
1633     for (offset = 0; offset < length; ) {
1634         if (!ND_TTEST_1(pptr + offset)) {
1635             /* We ran out of captured data; quit scanning. */
1636             break;
1637         }
1638         prefix_length = GET_U_1(pptr + offset);
1639         /*
1640          * If the prefix_length is zero (0.0.0.0/0)
1641          * and since it's not the only address (length >= 5)
1642          * then it is add-path
1643          */
1644         if (prefix_length < 1 || prefix_length > max_prefix_length) {
1645             return 1;
1646         }
1647         offset += 1 + ((prefix_length + 7) / 8);
1648     }
1649     if (offset > length) {
1650         return 1;
1651     }
1652 
1653     /* assume not add-path by default */
1654     return 0;
1655 }
1656 
1657 static int
1658 bgp_mp_af_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
1659 	        const u_char *tptr, u_int tlen,
1660 		uint16_t *afp, uint8_t *safip)
1661 {
1662 	uint16_t af;
1663 	uint8_t safi;
1664 
1665         af = GET_BE_U_2(tptr);
1666 	*afp = af;
1667         safi = GET_U_1(tptr + 2);
1668 	*safip = safi;
1669 
1670         ND_PRINT("\n\t    AFI: %s (%u), %sSAFI: %s (%u)",
1671                   tok2str(af_values, "Unknown AFI", af),
1672                   af,
1673                   (safi>128) ? "vendor specific " : "", /* 128 is meanwhile wellknown */
1674                   tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown SAFI", safi),
1675                   safi);
1676 
1677         switch(af<<8 | safi) {
1678         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1679         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1680         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1681         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
1682         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
1683         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1684         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1685         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1686         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
1687         case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
1688         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1689         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1690         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1691         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
1692         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1693         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1694         case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1695         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1696         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1697         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1698         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1699         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1700         case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1701         case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1702         case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1703         case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1704         case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
1705             break;
1706         default:
1707             ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, tlen);
1708             ND_PRINT("\n\t    no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi);
1709             if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
1710                 print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t    ", tlen);
1711             return -1;
1712         }
1713 	return 0;
1714 trunc:
1715 	return -2;
1716 }
1717 
1718 static int
1719 bgp_nlri_print(netdissect_options *ndo, uint16_t af, uint8_t safi,
1720 	       const u_char *tptr, u_int len,
1721 	       char *buf, size_t buflen,
1722 	       int add_path4, int add_path6)
1723 {
1724 	int advance;
1725 	u_int path_id = 0;
1726 
1727 	switch (af<<8 | safi) {
1728             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1729             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1730             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1731                 if (add_path4) {
1732                     path_id = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
1733                     tptr += 4;
1734                 }
1735                 advance = decode_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
1736                 if (advance == -1)
1737                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1738                 else if (advance == -2)
1739                     break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
1740                 else
1741                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1742                 if (add_path4) {
1743                     ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
1744 		    advance += 4;
1745                 }
1746                 break;
1747             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
1748                 advance = decode_labeled_prefix4(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
1749                 if (advance == -1)
1750                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1751                 else if (advance == -2)
1752                     goto trunc;
1753                 else if (advance == -3)
1754                     break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
1755                 else
1756                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1757                 break;
1758             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1759             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1760             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1761                 advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix4(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1762                 if (advance == -1)
1763                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1764                 else
1765                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1766                 break;
1767             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
1768                 advance = decode_rt_routing_info(ndo, tptr);
1769                 break;
1770             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN): /* fall through */
1771             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
1772                 advance = decode_multicast_vpn(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1773                 if (advance == -1)
1774                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1775                 else if (advance == -2)
1776                     goto trunc;
1777                 else
1778                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1779                 break;
1780 
1781             case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
1782                 advance = decode_mdt_vpn_nlri(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1783                 if (advance == -1)
1784                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1785                 else if (advance == -2)
1786                     goto trunc;
1787                 else
1788                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1789                 break;
1790             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1791             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1792             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1793                 if (add_path6) {
1794                     path_id = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
1795                     tptr += 4;
1796                 }
1797                 advance = decode_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
1798                 if (advance == -1)
1799                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1800                 else if (advance == -2)
1801                     break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
1802                 else
1803                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1804                 if (add_path6) {
1805                     ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
1806 		    advance += 4;
1807                 }
1808                 break;
1809             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
1810                 advance = decode_labeled_prefix6(ndo, tptr, len, buf, buflen);
1811                 if (advance == -1)
1812                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1813                 else if (advance == -2)
1814                     goto trunc;
1815                 else if (advance == -3)
1816                     break; /* bytes left, but not enough */
1817                 else
1818                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1819                 break;
1820             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1821             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1822             case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1823                 advance = decode_labeled_vpn_prefix6(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1824                 if (advance == -1)
1825                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1826                 else
1827                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1828                 break;
1829             case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
1830             case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1831             case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1832             case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1833                 advance = decode_labeled_vpn_l2(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1834                 if (advance == -1)
1835                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal length)");
1836                 else if (advance == -2)
1837                     goto trunc;
1838                 else
1839                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1840                 break;
1841             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
1842             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
1843             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
1844                 advance = decode_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1845                 if (advance == -1)
1846                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1847                 else
1848                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1849                 break;
1850             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
1851             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
1852             case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
1853                 advance = decode_labeled_vpn_clnp_prefix(ndo, tptr, buf, buflen);
1854                 if (advance == -1)
1855                     ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
1856                 else
1857                     ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s", buf);
1858                 break;
1859             default:
1860 		/*
1861 		 * This should not happen, we should have been protected
1862 		 * by bgp_mp_af_print()'s return value.
1863 		 */
1864                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    ERROR: no AFI %u / SAFI %u decoder", af, safi);
1865                 advance = -4;
1866                 break;
1867 	}
1868 	return advance;
1869 trunc:	/* we rely on the caller to recognize -2 return value */
1870 	return -2;
1871 }
1872 
1873 static int
1874 bgp_attr_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
1875                uint8_t atype, const u_char *pptr, u_int len,
1876                const unsigned attr_set_level)
1877 {
1878     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
1879     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
1880     u_int i;
1881     uint16_t af;
1882     uint8_t safi, snpa, nhlen;
1883     int advance;
1884     u_int tlen;
1885     const u_char *tptr;
1886     char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
1887     u_int as_size;
1888     int add_path4, add_path6;
1889     int ret;
1890 
1891     tptr = pptr;
1892     tlen = len;
1893 
1894     switch (atype) {
1895     case BGPTYPE_ORIGIN:
1896         if (len != 1)
1897             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1898         else {
1899             ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_origin_values,
1900                       "Unknown Origin Typecode",
1901                       GET_U_1(tptr)));
1902         }
1903         break;
1904 
1905     /*
1906      * Process AS4 byte path and AS2 byte path attributes here.
1907      */
1908     case BGPTYPE_AS4_PATH:
1909     case BGPTYPE_AS_PATH:
1910         if (len % 2) {
1911             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1912             break;
1913         }
1914         if (!len) {
1915             ND_PRINT("empty");
1916             break;
1917         }
1918 
1919         /*
1920          * BGP updates exchanged between New speakers that support 4
1921          * byte AS, ASs are always encoded in 4 bytes. There is no
1922          * definitive way to find this, just by the packet's
1923          * contents. So, check for packet's TLV's sanity assuming
1924          * 2 bytes first, and it does not pass, assume that ASs are
1925          * encoded in 4 bytes format and move on.
1926          */
1927         as_size = bgp_attr_get_as_size(ndo, atype, pptr, len);
1928 
1929         while (tptr < pptr + len) {
1930             ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_open_values,
1931                       "?", GET_U_1(tptr)));
1932             for (i = 0; i < GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * as_size; i += as_size) {
1933                 ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr + 2 + i, as_size);
1934                 ND_PRINT("%s ",
1935                           as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
1936                           as_size == 2 ?
1937                               GET_BE_U_2(tptr + i + 2) :
1938                               GET_BE_U_4(tptr + i + 2)));
1939             }
1940             ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(bgp_as_path_segment_close_values,
1941                       "?", GET_U_1(tptr)));
1942             tptr += 2 + GET_U_1(tptr + 1) * as_size;
1943         }
1944         break;
1945     case BGPTYPE_NEXT_HOP:
1946         if (len != 4)
1947             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1948         else {
1949             ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
1950         }
1951         break;
1952     case BGPTYPE_MULTI_EXIT_DISC:
1953     case BGPTYPE_LOCAL_PREF:
1954         if (len != 4)
1955             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1956         else {
1957             ND_PRINT("%u", GET_BE_U_4(tptr));
1958         }
1959         break;
1960     case BGPTYPE_ATOMIC_AGGREGATE:
1961         if (len != 0)
1962             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1963         break;
1964     case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR:
1965 
1966         /*
1967          * Depending on the AS encoded is of 2 bytes or of 4 bytes,
1968          * the length of this PA can be either 6 bytes or 8 bytes.
1969          */
1970         if (len != 6 && len != 8) {
1971             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1972             break;
1973         }
1974         ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, len);
1975         if (len == 6) {
1976             ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
1977                       as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_2(tptr)),
1978                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr + 2));
1979         } else {
1980             ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
1981                       as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
1982                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr)), GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr + 4));
1983         }
1984         break;
1985     case BGPTYPE_AGGREGATOR4:
1986         if (len != 8) {
1987             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1988             break;
1989         }
1990         ND_PRINT(" AS #%s, origin %s",
1991                   as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(tptr)),
1992                   GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr + 4));
1993         break;
1994     case BGPTYPE_COMMUNITIES:
1995         if (len % 4) {
1996             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
1997             break;
1998         }
1999         while (tlen != 0) {
2000             uint32_t comm;
2001             ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
2002             if (tlen < 4)
2003                 goto trunc;
2004             comm = GET_BE_U_4(tptr);
2005             switch (comm) {
2006             case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT:
2007                 ND_PRINT(" NO_EXPORT");
2008                 break;
2009             case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_ADVERT:
2010                 ND_PRINT(" NO_ADVERTISE");
2011                 break;
2012             case BGP_COMMUNITY_NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED:
2013                 ND_PRINT(" NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED");
2014                 break;
2015             default:
2016                 ND_PRINT("%u:%u%s",
2017                          (comm >> 16) & 0xffff,
2018                          comm & 0xffff,
2019                          (tlen>4) ? ", " : "");
2020                 break;
2021             }
2022             tlen -=4;
2023             tptr +=4;
2024         }
2025         break;
2026     case BGPTYPE_ORIGINATOR_ID:
2027         if (len != 4) {
2028             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2029             break;
2030         }
2031         ND_PRINT("%s",GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
2032         break;
2033     case BGPTYPE_CLUSTER_LIST:
2034         if (len % 4) {
2035             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2036             break;
2037         }
2038         while (tlen != 0) {
2039             if (tlen < 4)
2040                 goto trunc;
2041             ND_PRINT("%s%s",
2042                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2043                       (tlen>4) ? ", " : "");
2044             tlen -=4;
2045             tptr +=4;
2046         }
2047         break;
2048     case BGPTYPE_MP_REACH_NLRI:
2049         ND_TCHECK_3(tptr);
2050         if (tlen < 3)
2051             goto trunc;
2052 	ret = bgp_mp_af_print(ndo, tptr, tlen, &af, &safi);
2053 	if (ret == -2)
2054 	    goto trunc;
2055 	if (ret < 0)
2056 	    break;
2057 
2058         tptr += 3;
2059         tlen -= 3;
2060 
2061         ND_TCHECK_1(tptr);
2062         if (tlen < 1)
2063             goto trunc;
2064         nhlen = GET_U_1(tptr);
2065         tptr++;
2066         tlen--;
2067 
2068         if (nhlen) {
2069             u_int nnh = 0;
2070             uint8_t tnhlen = nhlen;
2071             if (tlen < tnhlen)
2072                 goto trunc;
2073             ND_PRINT("\n\t    nexthop: ");
2074             while (tnhlen != 0) {
2075                 if (nnh++ > 0) {
2076                     ND_PRINT(", " );
2077                 }
2078                 switch(af<<8 | safi) {
2079                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
2080                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
2081                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
2082                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
2083                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_RT_ROUTING_INFO):
2084                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST_VPN):
2085                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_MDT):
2086                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)) {
2087                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2088                         tptr += tnhlen;
2089                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2090                         tnhlen = 0;
2091                     } else {
2092                         ND_PRINT("%s",GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
2093                         tptr += sizeof(nd_ipv4);
2094                         tnhlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv4);
2095                         tlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv4);
2096                     }
2097                     break;
2098                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
2099                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
2100                 case (AFNUM_INET<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
2101                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) {
2102                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2103                         tptr += tnhlen;
2104                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2105                         tnhlen = 0;
2106                     } else {
2107                         ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
2108                                   bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
2109                                   GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
2110                         tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2111                         tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2112                         tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2113                     }
2114                     break;
2115                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
2116                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
2117                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
2118                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_LABUNICAST):
2119                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv6)) {
2120                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2121                         tptr += tnhlen;
2122                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2123                         tnhlen = 0;
2124                     } else {
2125                         ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IP6ADDR_STRING(tptr));
2126                         tptr += sizeof(nd_ipv6);
2127                         tlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv6);
2128                         tnhlen -= sizeof(nd_ipv6);
2129                     }
2130                     break;
2131                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
2132                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
2133                 case (AFNUM_INET6<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
2134                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) {
2135                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2136                         tptr += tnhlen;
2137                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2138                         tnhlen = 0;
2139                     } else {
2140                         ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
2141                                   bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
2142                                   GET_IP6ADDR_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
2143                         tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2144                         tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2145                         tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv6)+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN);
2146                     }
2147                     break;
2148                 case (AFNUM_VPLS<<8 | SAFNUM_VPLS):
2149                 case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
2150                 case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
2151                 case (AFNUM_L2VPN<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
2152                     if (tnhlen < sizeof(nd_ipv4)) {
2153                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2154                         tptr += tnhlen;
2155                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2156                         tnhlen = 0;
2157                     } else {
2158                         ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
2159                         tptr += (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
2160                         tlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
2161                         tnhlen -= (sizeof(nd_ipv4));
2162                     }
2163                     break;
2164                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNICAST):
2165                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_MULTICAST):
2166                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_UNIMULTICAST):
2167                     ND_PRINT("%s", GET_ISONSAP_STRING(tptr, tnhlen));
2168                     tptr += tnhlen;
2169                     tlen -= tnhlen;
2170                     tnhlen = 0;
2171                     break;
2172 
2173                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNICAST):
2174                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNMULTICAST):
2175                 case (AFNUM_NSAP<<8 | SAFNUM_VPNUNIMULTICAST):
2176                     if (tnhlen < BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+1) {
2177                         ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2178                         tptr += tnhlen;
2179                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2180                         tnhlen = 0;
2181                     } else {
2182                         ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, tnhlen);
2183                         ND_PRINT("RD: %s, %s",
2184                                   bgp_vpn_rd_print(ndo, tptr),
2185                                   GET_ISONSAP_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN,tnhlen-BGP_VPN_RD_LEN));
2186                         /* rfc986 mapped IPv4 address ? */
2187                         if (GET_BE_U_4(tptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x47000601)
2188                             ND_PRINT(" = %s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+4));
2189                         /* rfc1888 mapped IPv6 address ? */
2190                         else if (GET_BE_U_3(tptr + BGP_VPN_RD_LEN) ==  0x350000)
2191                             ND_PRINT(" = %s", GET_IP6ADDR_STRING(tptr+BGP_VPN_RD_LEN+3));
2192                         tptr += tnhlen;
2193                         tlen -= tnhlen;
2194                         tnhlen = 0;
2195                     }
2196                     break;
2197                 default:
2198 		    /*
2199 		     * bgp_mp_af_print() should have saved us from
2200 		     * an unsupported AFI/SAFI.
2201 		     */
2202                     ND_PRINT("ERROR: no AFI %u/SAFI %u nexthop decoder", af, safi);
2203                     tptr += tnhlen;
2204                     tlen -= tnhlen;
2205                     tnhlen = 0;
2206                     goto done;
2207                     break;
2208                 }
2209             }
2210         }
2211         ND_PRINT(", nh-length: %u", nhlen);
2212 
2213         /* As per RFC 2858; this is reserved in RFC 4760 */
2214         if (tlen < 1)
2215             goto trunc;
2216         snpa = GET_U_1(tptr);
2217         tptr++;
2218         tlen--;
2219 
2220         if (snpa) {
2221             ND_PRINT("\n\t    %u SNPA", snpa);
2222             for (/*nothing*/; snpa != 0; snpa--) {
2223                 uint8_t snpalen;
2224 		if (tlen < 1)
2225 		    goto trunc;
2226                 snpalen = GET_U_1(tptr);
2227                 ND_PRINT("\n\t      %u bytes", snpalen);
2228                 tptr++;
2229                 tlen--;
2230                 if (tlen < snpalen)
2231                     goto trunc;
2232                 ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, snpalen);
2233                 tptr += snpalen;
2234                 tlen -= snpalen;
2235             }
2236         } else {
2237             ND_PRINT(", no SNPA");
2238         }
2239 
2240         add_path4 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr,
2241                                    (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(pptr, tptr)), 32);
2242         add_path6 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr,
2243                                    (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(pptr, tptr)), 128);
2244 
2245         while (tptr < pptr + len) {
2246             advance = bgp_nlri_print(ndo, af, safi, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf),
2247                     add_path4, add_path6);
2248             if (advance == -2)
2249                 goto trunc;
2250             if (advance < 0)
2251                 break;
2252             tptr += advance;
2253         }
2254         break;
2255 
2256     case BGPTYPE_MP_UNREACH_NLRI:
2257         ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE);
2258 	ret = bgp_mp_af_print(ndo, tptr, tlen, &af, &safi);
2259 	if (ret == -2)
2260 	    goto trunc;
2261 	if (ret < 0)
2262 	    break;
2263 
2264         if (len == BGP_MP_NLRI_MINSIZE)
2265             ND_PRINT("\n\t      End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)");
2266 
2267         tptr += 3;
2268 
2269         add_path4 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr,
2270                                    (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(pptr, tptr)), 32);
2271         add_path6 = check_add_path(ndo, tptr,
2272                                    (len-ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(pptr, tptr)), 128);
2273 
2274         while (tptr < pptr + len) {
2275             advance = bgp_nlri_print(ndo, af, safi, tptr, len, buf, sizeof(buf),
2276                     add_path4, add_path6);
2277             if (advance == -2)
2278                 goto trunc;
2279             if (advance < 0)
2280                 break;
2281             tptr += advance;
2282         }
2283         break;
2284     case BGPTYPE_EXTD_COMMUNITIES:
2285         if (len % 8) {
2286             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2287             break;
2288         }
2289         while (tlen != 0) {
2290             uint16_t extd_comm;
2291 
2292             ND_TCHECK_2(tptr);
2293             if (tlen < 2)
2294                 goto trunc;
2295             extd_comm=GET_BE_U_2(tptr);
2296 
2297             ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s (0x%04x), Flags [%s]",
2298                       tok2str(bgp_extd_comm_subtype_values,
2299                               "unknown extd community typecode",
2300                               extd_comm),
2301                       extd_comm,
2302                       bittok2str(bgp_extd_comm_flag_values, "none", extd_comm));
2303 
2304             ND_TCHECK_8(tptr);
2305             if (tlen < 8)
2306                 goto trunc;
2307             ND_PRINT(": ");
2308             bgp_extended_community_print(ndo, tptr);
2309             tlen -= 8;
2310             tptr += 8;
2311         }
2312         break;
2313 
2314     case BGPTYPE_PMSI_TUNNEL:
2315     {
2316         uint8_t tunnel_type, flags;
2317 
2318         ND_TCHECK_5(tptr);
2319         if (tlen < 5)
2320             goto trunc;
2321         flags = GET_U_1(tptr);
2322         tunnel_type = GET_U_1(tptr + 1);
2323 
2324         ND_PRINT("\n\t    Tunnel-type %s (%u), Flags [%s], MPLS Label %u",
2325                   tok2str(bgp_pmsi_tunnel_values, "Unknown", tunnel_type),
2326                   tunnel_type,
2327                   bittok2str(bgp_pmsi_flag_values, "none", flags),
2328                   GET_BE_U_3(tptr + 2)>>4);
2329 
2330         tptr +=5;
2331         tlen -= 5;
2332 
2333         switch (tunnel_type) {
2334         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SM: /* fall through */
2335         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_BIDIR:
2336             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Sender %s, P-Group %s",
2337                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2338                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr+4));
2339             break;
2340 
2341         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_PIM_SSM:
2342             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Root-Node %s, P-Group %s",
2343                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2344                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr+4));
2345             break;
2346         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_INGRESS:
2347             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Tunnel-Endpoint %s",
2348                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr));
2349             break;
2350         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_P2MP: /* fall through */
2351         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_LDP_MP2MP:
2352             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Root-Node %s, LSP-ID 0x%08x",
2353                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2354                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4));
2355             break;
2356         case BGP_PMSI_TUNNEL_RSVP_P2MP:
2357             ND_PRINT("\n\t      Extended-Tunnel-ID %s, P2MP-ID 0x%08x",
2358                       GET_IPADDR_STRING(tptr),
2359                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4));
2360             break;
2361         default:
2362             if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
2363                 print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr, "\n\t      ", tlen);
2364             }
2365         }
2366         break;
2367     }
2368     case BGPTYPE_AIGP:
2369     {
2370         uint8_t type;
2371         uint16_t length;
2372 
2373         while (tlen >= 3) {
2374             type = GET_U_1(tptr);
2375             length = GET_BE_U_2(tptr + 1);
2376             tptr += 3;
2377             tlen -= 3;
2378 
2379             ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s TLV (%u), length %u",
2380                       tok2str(bgp_aigp_values, "Unknown", type),
2381                       type, length);
2382 
2383             if (length < 3)
2384                 goto trunc;
2385             length -= 3;
2386 
2387             /*
2388              * Check if we can read the TLV data.
2389              */
2390             if (tlen < length)
2391                 goto trunc;
2392 
2393             switch (type) {
2394 
2395             case BGP_AIGP_TLV:
2396                 if (length < 8)
2397                     goto trunc;
2398                 ND_PRINT(", metric %" PRIu64,
2399                           GET_BE_U_8(tptr));
2400                 break;
2401 
2402             default:
2403                 if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1) {
2404                     print_unknown_data(ndo, tptr,"\n\t      ", length);
2405                 }
2406             }
2407 
2408             tptr += length;
2409             tlen -= length;
2410         }
2411         break;
2412     }
2413     case BGPTYPE_ATTR_SET:
2414         ND_TCHECK_4(tptr);
2415         if (len < 4)
2416             goto trunc;
2417         ND_PRINT("\n\t    Origin AS: %s",
2418                   as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_4(tptr)));
2419         tptr += 4;
2420         len -= 4;
2421 
2422         while (len) {
2423             u_int aflags, alenlen, alen;
2424 
2425             ND_TCHECK_2(tptr);
2426             if (len < 2) {
2427                 ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
2428                 tptr += len;
2429                 break;
2430             }
2431             aflags = GET_U_1(tptr);
2432             atype = GET_U_1(tptr + 1);
2433             tptr += 2;
2434             len -= 2;
2435             alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, tptr);
2436             ND_TCHECK_LEN(tptr, alenlen);
2437             if (len < alenlen) {
2438                 ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
2439                 tptr += len;
2440                 break;
2441             }
2442             alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, tptr);
2443             tptr += alenlen;
2444             len -= alenlen;
2445 
2446             ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
2447                       tok2str(bgp_attr_values,
2448                               "Unknown Attribute", atype),
2449                       atype,
2450                       alen);
2451 
2452             if (aflags) {
2453                 ND_PRINT(", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
2454                           aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
2455                           aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
2456                           aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
2457                           aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : "");
2458                 if (aflags & 0xf)
2459                     ND_PRINT("+%x", aflags & 0xf);
2460                 ND_PRINT("]");
2461             }
2462             ND_PRINT(": ");
2463             if (len < alen) {
2464                 ND_PRINT(" [path attr too short]");
2465                 tptr += len;
2466                 break;
2467             }
2468             /*
2469              * The protocol encoding per se allows ATTR_SET to be nested
2470              * as many times as the message can accommodate. This printer
2471              * used to be able to recurse into ATTR_SET contents until the
2472              * stack exhaustion, but now there is a limit on that (if live
2473              * protocol exchange goes that many levels deep, something is
2474              * probably wrong anyway). Feel free to refine this value if
2475              * you can find the spec with respective normative text.
2476              */
2477             if (attr_set_level == 10)
2478                 ND_PRINT("(too many nested levels, not recursing)");
2479             else if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, tptr, alen, attr_set_level + 1))
2480                 return 0;
2481             tptr += alen;
2482             len -= alen;
2483         }
2484         break;
2485 
2486     case BGPTYPE_LARGE_COMMUNITY:
2487         if (len == 0 || len % 12) {
2488             ND_PRINT("invalid len");
2489             break;
2490         }
2491         ND_PRINT("\n\t    ");
2492         while (len != 0) {
2493             ND_PRINT("%u:%u:%u%s",
2494                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr),
2495                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 4),
2496                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 8),
2497                       (len > 12) ? ", " : "");
2498             tptr += 12;
2499             /*
2500              * len will always be a multiple of 12, as per the above,
2501              * so this will never underflow.
2502              */
2503             len -= 12;
2504         }
2505         break;
2506     default:
2507         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
2508         ND_PRINT("\n\t    no Attribute %u decoder", atype); /* we have no decoder for the attribute */
2509         if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
2510             print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
2511         break;
2512     }
2513 done:
2514     if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && len) { /* omit zero length attributes*/
2515         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
2516         print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t    ", len);
2517     }
2518     return 1;
2519 
2520 trunc:
2521     return 0;
2522 }
2523 
2524 static void
2525 bgp_capabilities_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
2526                        const u_char *opt, u_int caps_len)
2527 {
2528     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
2529     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
2530     u_int cap_type, cap_len, tcap_len, cap_offset;
2531     u_int i = 0;
2532 
2533     while (i < caps_len) {
2534         ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + i, BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE);
2535         cap_type=GET_U_1(opt + i);
2536         cap_len=GET_U_1(opt + i + 1);
2537         ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s (%u), length: %u",
2538                   tok2str(bgp_capcode_values, "Unknown", cap_type),
2539                   cap_type,
2540                   cap_len);
2541         ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + 2 + i, cap_len);
2542         switch (cap_type) {
2543         case BGP_CAPCODE_MP:
2544             /* AFI (16 bits), Reserved (8 bits), SAFI (8 bits) */
2545             if (cap_len < 4) {
2546                 ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 4)");
2547                 return;
2548             }
2549             ND_PRINT("\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
2550                tok2str(af_values, "Unknown", GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2)),
2551                GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2),
2552                tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", GET_U_1(opt + i + 5)),
2553                GET_U_1(opt + i + 5));
2554             break;
2555         case BGP_CAPCODE_ML:
2556             cap_offset = 2;
2557             tcap_len = cap_len;
2558             while (tcap_len >= 4) {
2559                 ND_PRINT( "\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Count: %u",
2560                        tok2str(af_values, "Unknown",
2561                                   GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
2562                        GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
2563                        tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown",
2564                                   GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
2565                        GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2),
2566                        GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 3));
2567                 tcap_len -= 4;
2568                 cap_offset += 4;
2569             }
2570             break;
2571         case BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART:
2572             /* Restart Flags (4 bits), Restart Time in seconds (12 bits) */
2573             if (cap_len < 2) {
2574                 ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 2)");
2575                 return;
2576             }
2577             tcap_len=cap_len;
2578             ND_PRINT("\n\t\tRestart Flags: [%s], Restart Time %us",
2579                       ((GET_U_1(opt + i + 2))&0x80) ? "R" : "none",
2580                       GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + 2)&0xfff);
2581             tcap_len-=2;
2582             cap_offset=4;
2583             while(tcap_len>=4) {
2584                 ND_PRINT("\n\t\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Forwarding state preserved: %s",
2585                           tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
2586                                   GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
2587                           GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
2588                           tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
2589                                   GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
2590                           GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 2)),
2591                           ((GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 3)))&0x80) ? "yes" : "no" );
2592                 tcap_len -= 4;
2593                 cap_offset += 4;
2594             }
2595             break;
2596         case BGP_CAPCODE_RR:
2597         case BGP_CAPCODE_LLGR:
2598         case BGP_CAPCODE_RR_CISCO:
2599             break;
2600         case BGP_CAPCODE_AS_NEW:
2601             /*
2602              * Extract the 4 byte AS number encoded.
2603              */
2604             if (cap_len < 4) {
2605                 ND_PRINT(" (too short, < 4)");
2606                 return;
2607             }
2608             ND_PRINT("\n\t\t 4 Byte AS %s",
2609                       as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr),
2610                       GET_BE_U_4(opt + i + 2)));
2611             break;
2612         case BGP_CAPCODE_ADD_PATH:
2613             if (cap_len == 0) {
2614                 ND_PRINT(" (bogus)"); /* length */
2615                 break;
2616             }
2617             tcap_len=cap_len;
2618             cap_offset=2;
2619             while (tcap_len != 0) {
2620                 if (tcap_len < 4) {
2621                     nd_print_invalid(ndo);
2622                     break;
2623                 }
2624                 ND_PRINT("\n\t\tAFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Send/Receive: %s",
2625                           tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset)),
2626                           GET_BE_U_2(opt + i + cap_offset),
2627                           tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 2)),
2628                           GET_U_1(opt + (i + cap_offset + 2)),
2629                           tok2str(bgp_add_path_recvsend,"Bogus (0x%02x)",GET_U_1(opt + i + cap_offset + 3))
2630                 );
2631                 tcap_len -= 4;
2632                 cap_offset += 4;
2633             }
2634             break;
2635         default:
2636             ND_PRINT("\n\t\tno decoder for Capability %u",
2637                       cap_type);
2638             if (ndo->ndo_vflag <= 1)
2639                 print_unknown_data(ndo, opt + i + 2, "\n\t\t",
2640                                    cap_len);
2641             break;
2642         }
2643         if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1 && cap_len != 0) {
2644             print_unknown_data(ndo, opt + i + 2, "\n\t\t", cap_len);
2645         }
2646         i += BGP_CAP_HEADER_SIZE + cap_len;
2647     }
2648     return;
2649 
2650 trunc:
2651     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
2652 }
2653 
2654 static void
2655 bgp_open_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
2656                const u_char *dat, u_int length)
2657 {
2658     /* allocate space for the largest possible string */
2659     char astostr[AS_STR_SIZE];
2660     const struct bgp_open *bgp_open_header;
2661     u_int optslen;
2662     const struct bgp_opt *bgpopt;
2663     const u_char *opt;
2664     u_int i;
2665 
2666     ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_OPEN_SIZE);
2667     if (length < BGP_OPEN_SIZE)
2668         goto trunc;
2669 
2670     bgp_open_header = (const struct bgp_open *)dat;
2671 
2672     ND_PRINT("\n\t  Version %u, ",
2673         GET_U_1(bgp_open_header->bgpo_version));
2674     ND_PRINT("my AS %s, ",
2675         as_printf(ndo, astostr, sizeof(astostr), GET_BE_U_2(bgp_open_header->bgpo_myas)));
2676     ND_PRINT("Holdtime %us, ",
2677         GET_BE_U_2(bgp_open_header->bgpo_holdtime));
2678     ND_PRINT("ID %s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bgp_open_header->bgpo_id));
2679     optslen = GET_U_1(bgp_open_header->bgpo_optlen);
2680     ND_PRINT("\n\t  Optional parameters, length: %u", optslen);
2681 
2682     opt = dat + BGP_OPEN_SIZE;
2683     length -= BGP_OPEN_SIZE;
2684 
2685     i = 0;
2686     while (i < optslen) {
2687         uint8_t opt_type, opt_len;
2688 
2689         ND_TCHECK_LEN(opt + i, BGP_OPT_SIZE);
2690         if (length < BGP_OPT_SIZE + i)
2691             goto trunc;
2692         bgpopt = (const struct bgp_opt *)(opt + i);
2693         opt_type = GET_U_1(bgpopt->bgpopt_type);
2694         opt_len = GET_U_1(bgpopt->bgpopt_len);
2695         if (BGP_OPT_SIZE + i + opt_len > optslen) {
2696             ND_PRINT("\n\t     Option %u, length: %u, goes past the end of the options",
2697                       opt_type, opt_len);
2698             break;
2699         }
2700 
2701         ND_PRINT("\n\t    Option %s (%u), length: %u",
2702                   tok2str(bgp_opt_values,"Unknown",opt_type),
2703                   opt_type,
2704                   opt_len);
2705 
2706         /* now let's decode the options we know*/
2707         switch(opt_type) {
2708 
2709         case BGP_OPT_CAP:
2710             bgp_capabilities_print(ndo, opt + BGP_OPT_SIZE + i,
2711                                    opt_len);
2712             break;
2713 
2714         case BGP_OPT_AUTH:
2715         default:
2716                ND_PRINT("\n\t      no decoder for option %u",
2717                opt_type);
2718                break;
2719         }
2720         i += BGP_OPT_SIZE + opt_len;
2721     }
2722     return;
2723 trunc:
2724     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
2725 }
2726 
2727 static void
2728 bgp_update_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
2729                  const u_char *dat, u_int length)
2730 {
2731     const u_char *p;
2732     u_int withdrawn_routes_len;
2733     char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 100];
2734     int wpfx;
2735     u_int len;
2736     int i;
2737     int add_path;
2738     u_int path_id = 0;
2739 
2740     ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_SIZE);
2741     if (length < BGP_SIZE)
2742         goto trunc;
2743     p = dat + BGP_SIZE;
2744     length -= BGP_SIZE;
2745 
2746     /* Unfeasible routes */
2747     ND_TCHECK_2(p);
2748     if (length < 2)
2749         goto trunc;
2750     withdrawn_routes_len = GET_BE_U_2(p);
2751     p += 2;
2752     length -= 2;
2753     if (withdrawn_routes_len > 1) {
2754         /*
2755          * Without keeping state from the original NLRI message,
2756          * it's not possible to tell if this a v4 or v6 route,
2757          * so only try to decode it if we're not v6 enabled.
2758          */
2759         ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, withdrawn_routes_len);
2760         if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
2761             goto trunc;
2762         ND_PRINT("\n\t  Withdrawn routes:");
2763         add_path = check_add_path(ndo, p, withdrawn_routes_len, 32);
2764         while (withdrawn_routes_len != 0) {
2765             if (add_path) {
2766                 if (withdrawn_routes_len < 4) {
2767                     p += withdrawn_routes_len;
2768                     length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
2769                     break;
2770                 }
2771                 path_id = GET_BE_U_4(p);
2772                 p += 4;
2773                 length -= 4;
2774                 withdrawn_routes_len -= 4;
2775             }
2776             wpfx = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, withdrawn_routes_len, buf, sizeof(buf));
2777             if (wpfx == -1) {
2778                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
2779                 break;
2780             } else if (wpfx == -2)
2781                 goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
2782             else {
2783                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s", buf);
2784                 if (add_path) {
2785                     ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
2786                 }
2787                 p += wpfx;
2788                 length -= wpfx;
2789                 withdrawn_routes_len -= wpfx;
2790             }
2791         }
2792     } else {
2793         ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, withdrawn_routes_len);
2794         if (length < withdrawn_routes_len)
2795             goto trunc;
2796         p += withdrawn_routes_len;
2797         length -= withdrawn_routes_len;
2798     }
2799 
2800     ND_TCHECK_2(p);
2801     if (length < 2)
2802         goto trunc;
2803     len = GET_BE_U_2(p);
2804     p += 2;
2805     length -= 2;
2806 
2807     if (withdrawn_routes_len == 0 && len == 0 && length == 0) {
2808         /* No withdrawn routes, no path attributes, no NLRI */
2809         ND_PRINT("\n\t  End-of-Rib Marker (empty NLRI)");
2810         return;
2811     }
2812 
2813     if (len) {
2814         /* Make sure the path attributes don't go past the end of the packet */
2815         if (length < len)
2816             goto trunc;
2817         /* do something more useful!*/
2818         while (len) {
2819             uint8_t aflags, atype, alenlen;
2820             uint16_t alen;
2821 
2822             ND_TCHECK_2(p);
2823             if (length < 2)
2824                 goto trunc;
2825             if (len < 2) {
2826                 ND_PRINT("\n\t  [path attrs too short]");
2827                 p += len;
2828                 length -= len;
2829                 break;
2830             }
2831             aflags = GET_U_1(p);
2832             atype = GET_U_1(p + 1);
2833             p += 2;
2834             len -= 2;
2835             length -= 2;
2836             alenlen = bgp_attr_lenlen(aflags, p);
2837             ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, alenlen);
2838             if (length < alenlen)
2839                 goto trunc;
2840             if (len < alenlen) {
2841                 ND_PRINT("\n\t  [path attrs too short]");
2842                 p += len;
2843                 length -= len;
2844                 break;
2845             }
2846             alen = bgp_attr_len(aflags, p);
2847             p += alenlen;
2848             len -= alenlen;
2849             length -= alenlen;
2850 
2851             ND_PRINT("\n\t  %s (%u), length: %u",
2852                       tok2str(bgp_attr_values, "Unknown Attribute", atype),
2853                       atype,
2854                       alen);
2855 
2856             if (aflags) {
2857                 ND_PRINT(", Flags [%s%s%s%s",
2858                           aflags & 0x80 ? "O" : "",
2859                           aflags & 0x40 ? "T" : "",
2860                           aflags & 0x20 ? "P" : "",
2861                           aflags & 0x10 ? "E" : "");
2862                 if (aflags & 0xf)
2863                     ND_PRINT("+%x", aflags & 0xf);
2864                 ND_PRINT("]: ");
2865             }
2866             if (len < alen) {
2867                 ND_PRINT(" [path attrs too short]");
2868                 p += len;
2869                 length -= len;
2870                 break;
2871             }
2872             if (length < alen)
2873                 goto trunc;
2874             if (!bgp_attr_print(ndo, atype, p, alen, 0))
2875                 goto trunc;
2876             p += alen;
2877             len -= alen;
2878             length -= alen;
2879         }
2880     }
2881 
2882     if (length) {
2883         add_path = check_add_path(ndo, p, length, 32);
2884         ND_PRINT("\n\t  Updated routes:");
2885         while (length != 0) {
2886             if (add_path) {
2887                 ND_TCHECK_4(p);
2888                 if (length < 4)
2889                     goto trunc;
2890                 path_id = GET_BE_U_4(p);
2891                 p += 4;
2892                 length -= 4;
2893             }
2894             i = decode_prefix4(ndo, p, length, buf, sizeof(buf));
2895             if (i == -1) {
2896                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    (illegal prefix length)");
2897                 break;
2898             } else if (i == -2)
2899                 goto trunc; /* bytes left, but not enough */
2900             else {
2901                 ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s", buf);
2902                 if (add_path) {
2903                     ND_PRINT("   Path Id: %u", path_id);
2904                 }
2905                 p += i;
2906                 length -= i;
2907             }
2908         }
2909     }
2910     return;
2911 trunc:
2912     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
2913 }
2914 
2915 static void
2916 bgp_notification_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
2917                        const u_char *dat, u_int length)
2918 {
2919     const struct bgp_notification *bgp_notification_header;
2920     const u_char *tptr;
2921     uint8_t bgpn_major, bgpn_minor;
2922 
2923     ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE);
2924     if (length<BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE)
2925         return;
2926 
2927     bgp_notification_header = (const struct bgp_notification *)dat;
2928     bgpn_major = GET_U_1(bgp_notification_header->bgpn_major);
2929     bgpn_minor = GET_U_1(bgp_notification_header->bgpn_minor);
2930 
2931     ND_PRINT(", %s (%u)",
2932               tok2str(bgp_notify_major_values, "Unknown Error",
2933                       bgpn_major),
2934               bgpn_major);
2935 
2936     switch (bgpn_major) {
2937 
2938     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_MSG:
2939         ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
2940                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_msg_values, "Unknown",
2941                           bgpn_minor),
2942                   bgpn_minor);
2943         break;
2944     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_OPEN:
2945         ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
2946                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_open_values, "Unknown",
2947                           bgpn_minor),
2948                   bgpn_minor);
2949         break;
2950     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_UPDATE:
2951         ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
2952                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_update_values, "Unknown",
2953                           bgpn_minor),
2954                   bgpn_minor);
2955         break;
2956     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_FSM:
2957         ND_PRINT(" subcode %s (%u)",
2958                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_fsm_values, "Unknown",
2959                           bgpn_minor),
2960                   bgpn_minor);
2961         break;
2962     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CAP:
2963         ND_PRINT(" subcode %s (%u)",
2964                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cap_values, "Unknown",
2965                           bgpn_minor),
2966                   bgpn_minor);
2967         break;
2968     case BGP_NOTIFY_MAJOR_CEASE:
2969         ND_PRINT(", subcode %s (%u)",
2970                   tok2str(bgp_notify_minor_cease_values, "Unknown",
2971                           bgpn_minor),
2972                   bgpn_minor);
2973 
2974         /* RFC 4486 mentions optionally 7 bytes
2975          * for the maxprefix subtype, which may contain AFI, SAFI and MAXPREFIXES
2976          */
2977         if(bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_MAXPRFX && length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 7) {
2978             tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
2979             ND_PRINT(", AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u), Max Prefixes: %u",
2980                       tok2str(af_values, "Unknown", GET_BE_U_2(tptr)),
2981                       GET_BE_U_2(tptr),
2982                       tok2str(bgp_safi_values, "Unknown", GET_U_1((tptr + 2))),
2983                       GET_U_1((tptr + 2)),
2984                       GET_BE_U_4(tptr + 3));
2985         }
2986         /*
2987          * RFC 9003 describes a method to send a communication
2988          * intended for human consumption regarding the Administrative Shutdown
2989          */
2990         if ((bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_SHUT ||
2991              bgpn_minor == BGP_NOTIFY_MINOR_CEASE_RESET) &&
2992              length >= BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1) {
2993             tptr = dat + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE;
2994             uint8_t shutdown_comm_length = GET_U_1(tptr);
2995             uint8_t remainder_offset = 0;
2996             /* garbage, hexdump it all */
2997             if (shutdown_comm_length > length - (BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE + 1)) {
2998                 ND_PRINT(", invalid Shutdown Communication length");
2999             } else if (shutdown_comm_length == 0) {
3000                 ND_PRINT(", empty Shutdown Communication");
3001                 remainder_offset += 1;
3002             }
3003             /* a proper shutdown communication */
3004             else {
3005                 ND_PRINT(", Shutdown Communication (length: %u): \"", shutdown_comm_length);
3006                 (void)nd_printn(ndo, tptr+1, shutdown_comm_length, NULL);
3007                 ND_PRINT("\"");
3008                 remainder_offset += shutdown_comm_length + 1;
3009             }
3010             /* if there is trailing data, hexdump it */
3011             if(length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE) > 0) {
3012                 ND_PRINT(", Data: (length: %u)", length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
3013                 hex_print(ndo, "\n\t\t", tptr + remainder_offset, length - (remainder_offset + BGP_NOTIFICATION_SIZE));
3014             }
3015         }
3016         break;
3017     default:
3018         break;
3019     }
3020 
3021     return;
3022 trunc:
3023     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3024 }
3025 
3026 static void
3027 bgp_route_refresh_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
3028                         const u_char *pptr, u_int len)
3029 {
3030     const struct bgp_route_refresh *bgp_route_refresh_header;
3031 
3032     ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE);
3033 
3034     /* some little sanity checking */
3035     if (len<BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH_SIZE)
3036         return;
3037 
3038     bgp_route_refresh_header = (const struct bgp_route_refresh *)pptr;
3039 
3040     ND_PRINT("\n\t  AFI %s (%u), SAFI %s (%u)",
3041               tok2str(af_values,"Unknown",
3042                       GET_BE_U_2(bgp_route_refresh_header->afi)),
3043               GET_BE_U_2(bgp_route_refresh_header->afi),
3044               tok2str(bgp_safi_values,"Unknown",
3045                       GET_U_1(bgp_route_refresh_header->safi)),
3046               GET_U_1(bgp_route_refresh_header->safi));
3047 
3048     if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1) {
3049         ND_TCHECK_LEN(pptr, len);
3050         print_unknown_data(ndo, pptr, "\n\t  ", len);
3051     }
3052 
3053     return;
3054 trunc:
3055     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3056 }
3057 
3058 static int
3059 bgp_pdu_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
3060               const u_char *dat, u_int length)
3061 {
3062     const struct bgp *bgp_header;
3063     uint8_t bgp_type;
3064 
3065     ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, BGP_SIZE);
3066     bgp_header = (const struct bgp *)dat;
3067     bgp_type = GET_U_1(bgp_header->bgp_type);
3068 
3069     ND_PRINT("\n\t%s Message (%u), length: %u",
3070               tok2str(bgp_msg_values, "Unknown", bgp_type),
3071               bgp_type,
3072               length);
3073 
3074     switch (bgp_type) {
3075     case BGP_OPEN:
3076         bgp_open_print(ndo, dat, length);
3077         break;
3078     case BGP_UPDATE:
3079         bgp_update_print(ndo, dat, length);
3080         break;
3081     case BGP_NOTIFICATION:
3082         bgp_notification_print(ndo, dat, length);
3083         break;
3084     case BGP_KEEPALIVE:
3085         break;
3086     case BGP_ROUTE_REFRESH:
3087         bgp_route_refresh_print(ndo, dat, length);
3088         break;
3089     default:
3090         /* we have no decoder for the BGP message */
3091         ND_TCHECK_LEN(dat, length);
3092         ND_PRINT("\n\t  no Message %u decoder", bgp_type);
3093         print_unknown_data(ndo, dat, "\n\t  ", length);
3094         break;
3095     }
3096     return 1;
3097 trunc:
3098     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3099     return 0;
3100 }
3101 
3102 void
3103 bgp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
3104           const u_char *dat, u_int length _U_)
3105 {
3106     const u_char *p;
3107     const u_char *ep = ndo->ndo_snapend;
3108     const u_char *start;
3109     const u_char marker[] = {
3110         0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
3111         0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
3112     };
3113     const struct bgp *bgp_header;
3114     uint16_t hlen;
3115 
3116     ndo->ndo_protocol = "bgp";
3117     ND_PRINT(": BGP");
3118 
3119     if (ndo->ndo_vflag < 1) /* lets be less chatty */
3120         return;
3121 
3122     p = dat;
3123     start = p;
3124     while (p < ep) {
3125         if (!ND_TTEST_1(p))
3126             break;
3127         if (GET_U_1(p) != 0xff) {
3128             p++;
3129             continue;
3130         }
3131 
3132         if (!ND_TTEST_LEN(p, sizeof(marker)))
3133             break;
3134         if (memcmp(p, marker, sizeof(marker)) != 0) {
3135             p++;
3136             continue;
3137         }
3138 
3139         /* found BGP header */
3140         ND_TCHECK_LEN(p, BGP_SIZE);
3141         bgp_header = (const struct bgp *)p;
3142 
3143         if (start != p)
3144             nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3145 
3146         hlen = GET_BE_U_2(bgp_header->bgp_len);
3147         if (hlen < BGP_SIZE) {
3148             ND_PRINT("\nmessage length %u < %u", hlen, BGP_SIZE);
3149             nd_print_invalid(ndo);
3150             break;
3151         }
3152 
3153         if (ND_TTEST_LEN(p, hlen)) {
3154             if (!bgp_pdu_print(ndo, p, hlen))
3155                 return;
3156             p += hlen;
3157             start = p;
3158         } else {
3159             ND_PRINT("\n[|BGP %s]",
3160                       tok2str(bgp_msg_values,
3161                               "Unknown Message Type",
3162                               GET_U_1(bgp_header->bgp_type)));
3163             break;
3164         }
3165     }
3166 
3167     return;
3168 
3169 trunc:
3170     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
3171 }
3172