xref: /llvm-project/llvm/tools/llvm-readobj/Win64EHDumper.cpp (revision 2201164477982c2bd20fa2e925f567585c390805)
1 //===- Win64EHDumper.cpp - Win64 EH Printer ---------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "Win64EHDumper.h"
10 #include "llvm-readobj.h"
11 #include "llvm/Object/COFF.h"
12 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
13 #include "llvm/Support/Format.h"
14 
15 using namespace llvm;
16 using namespace llvm::object;
17 using namespace llvm::Win64EH;
18 
19 const EnumEntry<unsigned> UnwindFlags[] = {
20   { "ExceptionHandler", UNW_ExceptionHandler },
21   { "TerminateHandler", UNW_TerminateHandler },
22   { "ChainInfo"       , UNW_ChainInfo        }
23 };
24 
25 const EnumEntry<unsigned> UnwindOpInfo[] = {
26   { "RAX",  0 },
27   { "RCX",  1 },
28   { "RDX",  2 },
29   { "RBX",  3 },
30   { "RSP",  4 },
31   { "RBP",  5 },
32   { "RSI",  6 },
33   { "RDI",  7 },
34   { "R8",   8 },
35   { "R9",   9 },
36   { "R10", 10 },
37   { "R11", 11 },
38   { "R12", 12 },
39   { "R13", 13 },
40   { "R14", 14 },
41   { "R15", 15 }
42 };
43 
44 static uint64_t getOffsetOfLSDA(const UnwindInfo& UI) {
45   return static_cast<const char*>(UI.getLanguageSpecificData())
46          - reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&UI);
47 }
48 
49 static uint32_t getLargeSlotValue(ArrayRef<UnwindCode> UC) {
50   if (UC.size() < 3)
51     return 0;
52   return UC[1].FrameOffset + (static_cast<uint32_t>(UC[2].FrameOffset) << 16);
53 }
54 
55 // Returns the name of the unwind code.
56 static StringRef getUnwindCodeTypeName(uint8_t Code) {
57   switch (Code) {
58   default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid unwind code");
59   case UOP_PushNonVol: return "PUSH_NONVOL";
60   case UOP_AllocLarge: return "ALLOC_LARGE";
61   case UOP_AllocSmall: return "ALLOC_SMALL";
62   case UOP_SetFPReg: return "SET_FPREG";
63   case UOP_SaveNonVol: return "SAVE_NONVOL";
64   case UOP_SaveNonVolBig: return "SAVE_NONVOL_FAR";
65   case UOP_SaveXMM128: return "SAVE_XMM128";
66   case UOP_SaveXMM128Big: return "SAVE_XMM128_FAR";
67   case UOP_PushMachFrame: return "PUSH_MACHFRAME";
68   case UOP_Epilog:
69     return "EPILOG";
70   }
71 }
72 
73 // Returns the name of a referenced register.
74 static StringRef getUnwindRegisterName(uint8_t Reg) {
75   switch (Reg) {
76   default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid register");
77   case 0: return "RAX";
78   case 1: return "RCX";
79   case 2: return "RDX";
80   case 3: return "RBX";
81   case 4: return "RSP";
82   case 5: return "RBP";
83   case 6: return "RSI";
84   case 7: return "RDI";
85   case 8: return "R8";
86   case 9: return "R9";
87   case 10: return "R10";
88   case 11: return "R11";
89   case 12: return "R12";
90   case 13: return "R13";
91   case 14: return "R14";
92   case 15: return "R15";
93   }
94 }
95 
96 // Calculates the number of array slots required for the unwind code.
97 static unsigned getNumUsedSlots(const UnwindCode &UnwindCode) {
98   switch (UnwindCode.getUnwindOp()) {
99   default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid unwind code");
100   case UOP_PushNonVol:
101   case UOP_AllocSmall:
102   case UOP_SetFPReg:
103   case UOP_PushMachFrame:
104   case UOP_Epilog:
105     return 1;
106   case UOP_SaveNonVol:
107   case UOP_SaveXMM128:
108     return 2;
109   case UOP_SaveNonVolBig:
110   case UOP_SaveXMM128Big:
111     return 3;
112   case UOP_AllocLarge:
113     return (UnwindCode.getOpInfo() == 0) ? 2 : 3;
114   }
115 }
116 
117 static std::error_code getSymbol(const COFFObjectFile &COFF, uint64_t VA,
118                                  object::SymbolRef &Sym) {
119   for (const auto &Symbol : COFF.symbols()) {
120     Expected<uint64_t> Address = Symbol.getAddress();
121     if (!Address)
122       return errorToErrorCode(Address.takeError());
123     if (*Address == VA) {
124       Sym = Symbol;
125       return std::error_code();
126     }
127   }
128   return inconvertibleErrorCode();
129 }
130 
131 static object::SymbolRef getPreferredSymbol(const COFFObjectFile &COFF,
132                                             object::SymbolRef Sym,
133                                             uint32_t &SymbolOffset,
134                                             bool IsRangeEnd) {
135   // The symbol resolved by ResolveSymbol can be any internal
136   // nondescriptive symbol; try to resolve a more descriptive one.
137   COFFSymbolRef CoffSym = COFF.getCOFFSymbol(Sym);
138   if (CoffSym.getStorageClass() != COFF::IMAGE_SYM_CLASS_LABEL &&
139       CoffSym.getSectionDefinition() == nullptr)
140     return Sym;
141   for (const auto &S : COFF.symbols()) {
142     COFFSymbolRef CS = COFF.getCOFFSymbol(S);
143     if (CS.getSectionNumber() == CoffSym.getSectionNumber() &&
144         CS.getValue() <= CoffSym.getValue() + SymbolOffset &&
145         CS.getStorageClass() != COFF::IMAGE_SYM_CLASS_LABEL &&
146         CS.getSectionDefinition() == nullptr) {
147       uint32_t Offset = CoffSym.getValue() + SymbolOffset - CS.getValue();
148       // For the end of a range, don't pick a symbol with a zero offset;
149       // prefer a symbol with a small positive offset.
150       if (Offset <= SymbolOffset && (!IsRangeEnd || Offset > 0)) {
151         SymbolOffset = Offset;
152         Sym = S;
153         CoffSym = CS;
154         if (CS.isExternal() && SymbolOffset == 0)
155           return Sym;
156       }
157     }
158   }
159   return Sym;
160 }
161 
162 static std::string formatSymbol(const Dumper::Context &Ctx,
163                                 const coff_section *Section, uint64_t Offset,
164                                 uint32_t Displacement,
165                                 bool IsRangeEnd = false) {
166   std::string Buffer;
167   raw_string_ostream OS(Buffer);
168 
169   SymbolRef Symbol;
170   if (!Ctx.ResolveSymbol(Section, Offset, Symbol, Ctx.UserData)) {
171     // We found a relocation at the given offset in the section, pointing
172     // at a symbol.
173 
174     // Try to resolve label/section symbols into function names.
175     Symbol = getPreferredSymbol(Ctx.COFF, Symbol, Displacement, IsRangeEnd);
176 
177     Expected<StringRef> Name = Symbol.getName();
178     if (Name) {
179       OS << *Name;
180       if (Displacement > 0)
181         OS << format(" +0x%X (0x%" PRIX64 ")", Displacement, Offset);
182       else
183         OS << format(" (0x%" PRIX64 ")", Offset);
184       return OS.str();
185     } else {
186       // TODO: Actually report errors helpfully.
187       consumeError(Name.takeError());
188     }
189   } else if (!getSymbol(Ctx.COFF, Ctx.COFF.getImageBase() + Displacement,
190                         Symbol)) {
191     Expected<StringRef> Name = Symbol.getName();
192     if (Name) {
193       OS << *Name;
194       OS << format(" (0x%" PRIX64 ")", Ctx.COFF.getImageBase() + Displacement);
195       return OS.str();
196     } else {
197       consumeError(Name.takeError());
198     }
199   }
200 
201   if (Displacement > 0)
202     OS << format("(0x%" PRIX64 ")", Ctx.COFF.getImageBase() + Displacement);
203   else
204     OS << format("(0x%" PRIX64 ")", Offset);
205   return OS.str();
206 }
207 
208 static std::error_code resolveRelocation(const Dumper::Context &Ctx,
209                                          const coff_section *Section,
210                                          uint64_t Offset,
211                                          const coff_section *&ResolvedSection,
212                                          uint64_t &ResolvedAddress) {
213   SymbolRef Symbol;
214   if (std::error_code EC =
215           Ctx.ResolveSymbol(Section, Offset, Symbol, Ctx.UserData))
216     return EC;
217 
218   Expected<uint64_t> ResolvedAddressOrErr = Symbol.getAddress();
219   if (!ResolvedAddressOrErr)
220     return errorToErrorCode(ResolvedAddressOrErr.takeError());
221   ResolvedAddress = *ResolvedAddressOrErr;
222 
223   Expected<section_iterator> SI = Symbol.getSection();
224   if (!SI)
225     return errorToErrorCode(SI.takeError());
226   ResolvedSection = Ctx.COFF.getCOFFSection(**SI);
227   return std::error_code();
228 }
229 
230 static const object::coff_section *
231 getSectionContaining(const COFFObjectFile &COFF, uint64_t VA) {
232   for (const auto &Section : COFF.sections()) {
233     uint64_t Address = Section.getAddress();
234     uint64_t Size = Section.getSize();
235 
236     if (VA >= Address && (VA - Address) <= Size)
237       return COFF.getCOFFSection(Section);
238   }
239   return nullptr;
240 }
241 
242 namespace llvm {
243 namespace Win64EH {
244 void Dumper::printRuntimeFunctionEntry(const Context &Ctx,
245                                        const coff_section *Section,
246                                        uint64_t Offset,
247                                        const RuntimeFunction &RF) {
248   SW.printString("StartAddress",
249                  formatSymbol(Ctx, Section, Offset + 0, RF.StartAddress));
250   SW.printString("EndAddress",
251                  formatSymbol(Ctx, Section, Offset + 4, RF.EndAddress,
252                               /*IsRangeEnd=*/true));
253   SW.printString("UnwindInfoAddress",
254                  formatSymbol(Ctx, Section, Offset + 8, RF.UnwindInfoOffset));
255 }
256 
257 // Prints one unwind code. Because an unwind code can occupy up to 3 slots in
258 // the unwind codes array, this function requires that the correct number of
259 // slots is provided.
260 void Dumper::printUnwindCode(const UnwindInfo &UI, ArrayRef<UnwindCode> UC,
261                              bool &SeenFirstEpilog) {
262   assert(UC.size() >= getNumUsedSlots(UC[0]));
263 
264   SW.startLine() << format("0x%02X: ", unsigned(UC[0].u.CodeOffset))
265                  << getUnwindCodeTypeName(UC[0].getUnwindOp());
266 
267   switch (UC[0].getUnwindOp()) {
268   case UOP_PushNonVol:
269     OS << " reg=" << getUnwindRegisterName(UC[0].getOpInfo());
270     break;
271 
272   case UOP_AllocLarge:
273     OS << " size="
274        << ((UC[0].getOpInfo() == 0) ? UC[1].FrameOffset * 8
275                                     : getLargeSlotValue(UC));
276     break;
277 
278   case UOP_AllocSmall:
279     OS << " size=" << (UC[0].getOpInfo() + 1) * 8;
280     break;
281 
282   case UOP_SetFPReg:
283     if (UI.getFrameRegister() == 0)
284       OS << " reg=<invalid>";
285     else
286       OS << " reg=" << getUnwindRegisterName(UI.getFrameRegister())
287          << format(", offset=0x%X", UI.getFrameOffset() * 16);
288     break;
289 
290   case UOP_SaveNonVol:
291     OS << " reg=" << getUnwindRegisterName(UC[0].getOpInfo())
292        << format(", offset=0x%X", UC[1].FrameOffset * 8);
293     break;
294 
295   case UOP_SaveNonVolBig:
296     OS << " reg=" << getUnwindRegisterName(UC[0].getOpInfo())
297        << format(", offset=0x%X", getLargeSlotValue(UC));
298     break;
299 
300   case UOP_SaveXMM128:
301     OS << " reg=XMM" << static_cast<uint32_t>(UC[0].getOpInfo())
302        << format(", offset=0x%X", UC[1].FrameOffset * 16);
303     break;
304 
305   case UOP_SaveXMM128Big:
306     OS << " reg=XMM" << static_cast<uint32_t>(UC[0].getOpInfo())
307        << format(", offset=0x%X", getLargeSlotValue(UC));
308     break;
309 
310   case UOP_PushMachFrame:
311     OS << " errcode=" << (UC[0].getOpInfo() == 0 ? "no" : "yes");
312     break;
313 
314   case UOP_Epilog:
315     if (SeenFirstEpilog) {
316       uint32_t Offset = UC[0].getEpilogOffset();
317       if (Offset == 0) {
318         OS << " padding";
319       } else {
320         OS << " offset=" << format("0x%X", Offset);
321       }
322     } else {
323       SeenFirstEpilog = true;
324       bool AtEnd = (UC[0].getOpInfo() & 0x1) != 0;
325       uint32_t Length = UC[0].u.CodeOffset;
326       OS << " atend=" << (AtEnd ? "yes" : "no")
327          << ", length=" << format("0x%X", Length);
328     }
329     break;
330   }
331 
332   OS << "\n";
333 }
334 
335 void Dumper::printUnwindInfo(const Context &Ctx, const coff_section *Section,
336                              off_t Offset, const UnwindInfo &UI) {
337   DictScope UIS(SW, "UnwindInfo");
338   SW.printNumber("Version", UI.getVersion());
339   SW.printFlags("Flags", UI.getFlags(), ArrayRef(UnwindFlags));
340   SW.printNumber("PrologSize", UI.PrologSize);
341   if (UI.getFrameRegister()) {
342     SW.printEnum("FrameRegister", UI.getFrameRegister(),
343                  ArrayRef(UnwindOpInfo));
344     SW.printHex("FrameOffset", UI.getFrameOffset());
345   } else {
346     SW.printString("FrameRegister", StringRef("-"));
347     SW.printString("FrameOffset", StringRef("-"));
348   }
349 
350   SW.printNumber("UnwindCodeCount", UI.NumCodes);
351   {
352     ListScope UCS(SW, "UnwindCodes");
353     ArrayRef<UnwindCode> UC(&UI.UnwindCodes[0], UI.NumCodes);
354     bool SeenFirstEpilog = false;
355     for (const UnwindCode *UCI = UC.begin(), *UCE = UC.end(); UCI < UCE; ++UCI) {
356       unsigned UsedSlots = getNumUsedSlots(*UCI);
357       if (UsedSlots > UC.size()) {
358         errs() << "corrupt unwind data";
359         return;
360       }
361 
362       printUnwindCode(UI, ArrayRef(UCI, UCE), SeenFirstEpilog);
363       UCI = UCI + UsedSlots - 1;
364     }
365   }
366 
367   uint64_t LSDAOffset = Offset + getOffsetOfLSDA(UI);
368   if (UI.getFlags() & (UNW_ExceptionHandler | UNW_TerminateHandler)) {
369     SW.printString("Handler",
370                    formatSymbol(Ctx, Section, LSDAOffset,
371                                 UI.getLanguageSpecificHandlerOffset()));
372   } else if (UI.getFlags() & UNW_ChainInfo) {
373     if (const RuntimeFunction *Chained = UI.getChainedFunctionEntry()) {
374       DictScope CS(SW, "Chained");
375       printRuntimeFunctionEntry(Ctx, Section, LSDAOffset, *Chained);
376     }
377   }
378 }
379 
380 void Dumper::printRuntimeFunction(const Context &Ctx,
381                                   const coff_section *Section,
382                                   uint64_t SectionOffset,
383                                   const RuntimeFunction &RF) {
384   DictScope RFS(SW, "RuntimeFunction");
385   printRuntimeFunctionEntry(Ctx, Section, SectionOffset, RF);
386 
387   const coff_section *XData = nullptr;
388   uint64_t Offset;
389   resolveRelocation(Ctx, Section, SectionOffset + 8, XData, Offset);
390   Offset = Offset + RF.UnwindInfoOffset;
391 
392   if (!XData) {
393     uint64_t Address = Ctx.COFF.getImageBase() + RF.UnwindInfoOffset;
394     XData = getSectionContaining(Ctx.COFF, Address);
395     if (!XData)
396       return;
397     Offset = RF.UnwindInfoOffset - XData->VirtualAddress;
398   }
399 
400   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Contents;
401   if (Error E = Ctx.COFF.getSectionContents(XData, Contents))
402     reportError(std::move(E), Ctx.COFF.getFileName());
403 
404   if (Contents.empty())
405     return;
406 
407   if (Offset > Contents.size())
408     return;
409 
410   const auto UI = reinterpret_cast<const UnwindInfo*>(Contents.data() + Offset);
411   printUnwindInfo(Ctx, XData, Offset, *UI);
412 }
413 
414 void Dumper::printData(const Context &Ctx) {
415   for (const auto &Section : Ctx.COFF.sections()) {
416     StringRef Name;
417     if (Expected<StringRef> NameOrErr = Section.getName())
418       Name = *NameOrErr;
419     else
420       consumeError(NameOrErr.takeError());
421 
422     if (Name != ".pdata" && !Name.starts_with(".pdata$"))
423       continue;
424 
425     const coff_section *PData = Ctx.COFF.getCOFFSection(Section);
426     ArrayRef<uint8_t> Contents;
427 
428     if (Error E = Ctx.COFF.getSectionContents(PData, Contents))
429       reportError(std::move(E), Ctx.COFF.getFileName());
430     if (Contents.empty())
431       continue;
432 
433     const RuntimeFunction *Entries =
434       reinterpret_cast<const RuntimeFunction *>(Contents.data());
435     const size_t Count = Contents.size() / sizeof(RuntimeFunction);
436     ArrayRef<RuntimeFunction> RuntimeFunctions(Entries, Count);
437 
438     size_t Index = 0;
439     for (const auto &RF : RuntimeFunctions) {
440       printRuntimeFunction(Ctx, Ctx.COFF.getCOFFSection(Section),
441                            Index * sizeof(RuntimeFunction), RF);
442       ++Index;
443     }
444   }
445 }
446 }
447 }
448 
449