xref: /llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/docs/clang-tidy/checks/bugprone/suspicious-realloc-usage.rst (revision 6d9eb533291377979882ac9674431eddd1248445)
1.. title:: clang-tidy - bugprone-suspicious-realloc-usage
2
3bugprone-suspicious-realloc-usage
4=================================
5
6This check finds usages of ``realloc`` where the return value is assigned to the
7same expression as passed to the first argument:
8``p = realloc(p, size);``
9The problem with this construct is that if ``realloc`` fails it returns a
10null pointer but does not deallocate the original memory. If no other variable
11is pointing to it, the original memory block is not available any more for the
12program to use or free. In either case ``p = realloc(p, size);`` indicates bad
13coding style and can be replaced by ``q = realloc(p, size);``.
14
15The pointer expression (used at ``realloc``) can be a variable or a field member
16of a data structure, but can not contain function calls or unresolved types.
17
18In obvious cases when the pointer used at realloc is assigned to another
19variable before the ``realloc`` call, no warning is emitted. This happens only
20if a simple expression in form of ``q = p`` or ``void *q = p`` is found in the
21same function where ``p = realloc(p, ...)`` is found. The assignment has to be
22before the call to realloc (but otherwise at any place) in the same function.
23This suppression works only if ``p`` is a single variable.
24
25Examples:
26
27.. code-block:: c++
28
29  struct A {
30    void *p;
31  };
32
33  A &getA();
34
35  void foo(void *p, A *a, int new_size) {
36    p = realloc(p, new_size); // warning: 'p' may be set to null if 'realloc' fails, which may result in a leak of the original buffer
37    a->p = realloc(a->p, new_size); // warning: 'a->p' may be set to null if 'realloc' fails, which may result in a leak of the original buffer
38    getA().p = realloc(getA().p, new_size); // no warning
39  }
40
41  void foo1(void *p, int new_size) {
42    void *p1 = p;
43    p = realloc(p, new_size); // no warning
44  }
45