xref: /llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/docs/clang-tidy/checks/altera/struct-pack-align.rst (revision 6e566bc5523f743bc34a7e26f050f1f2b4d699a8)
1.. title:: clang-tidy - altera-struct-pack-align
2
3altera-struct-pack-align
4========================
5
6Finds structs that are inefficiently packed or aligned, and recommends
7packing and/or aligning of said structs as needed.
8
9Structs that are not packed take up more space than they should, and accessing
10structs that are not well aligned is inefficient.
11
12Fix-its are provided to fix both of these issues by inserting and/or amending
13relevant struct attributes.
14
15Based on the `Altera SDK for OpenCL: Best Practices Guide
16<https://www.altera.com/en_US/pdfs/literature/hb/opencl-sdk/aocl_optimization_guide.pdf>`_.
17
18.. code-block:: c++
19
20  // The following struct is originally aligned to 4 bytes, and thus takes up
21  // 12 bytes of memory instead of 10. Packing the struct will make it use
22  // only 10 bytes of memory, and aligning it to 16 bytes will make it
23  // efficient to access.
24  struct example {
25    char a;    // 1 byte
26    double b;  // 8 bytes
27    char c;    // 1 byte
28  };
29
30  // The following struct is arranged in such a way that packing is not needed.
31  // However, it is aligned to 4 bytes instead of 8, and thus needs to be
32  // explicitly aligned.
33  struct implicitly_packed_example {
34    char a;  // 1 byte
35    char b;  // 1 byte
36    char c;  // 1 byte
37    char d;  // 1 byte
38    int e;   // 4 bytes
39  };
40
41  // The following struct is explicitly aligned and packed.
42  struct good_example {
43    char a;    // 1 byte
44    double b;  // 8 bytes
45    char c;    // 1 byte
46  } __attribute__((packed)) __attribute__((aligned(16));
47
48  // Explicitly aligning a struct to the wrong value will result in a warning.
49  // The following example should be aligned to 16 bytes, not 32.
50  struct badly_aligned_example {
51    char a;    // 1 byte
52    double b;  // 8 bytes
53    char c;    // 1 byte
54  } __attribute__((packed)) __attribute__((aligned(32)));
55