1 2TYPE ROWCOL 3NAME ARABIC/UCS 4SRC_ZONE 0x00-0xFF 5OOB_MODE ILSEQ 6DST_ILSEQ 0xFFFE 7DST_UNIT_BITS 16 8 9BEGIN_MAP 10#======================================================================= 11# File name: ARABIC.TXT 12# 13# Contents: Map (external version) from Mac OS Arabic 14# character set to Unicode 2.1 and later. 15# 16# Copyright: (c) 1994-2002, 2005 by Apple Computer, Inc., all rights 17# reserved. 18# 19# Contact: charsets@apple.com 20# 21# Changes: 22# 23# c02 2005-Apr-04 Update header comments. Matches internal xml 24# <c1.2> and Text Encoding Converter 2.0. 25# b3,c1 2002-Dec-19 Add comments about character display and 26# direction overrides. Update URLs, notes. 27# Matches internal utom<b4>. 28# b02 1999-Sep-22 Update contact e-mail address. Matches 29# internal utom<b1>, ufrm<b1>, and Text 30# Encoding Converter version 1.5. 31# n10 1998-Feb-05 Show required Unicode character 32# directionality in a different way. Matches 33# internal utom<n4>, ufrm<n21>, and Text 34# Encoding Converter version 1.3. Update 35# header comments; include information on 36# loose mapping of digits. 37# n07 1997-Jul-17 Update to match internal utom<n2>, ufrm<n17>: 38# Change standard mapping for 0xC0 from U+066D 39# to U+274A. Add direction overrides to 40# mappings for 0x25, 0x2C, 0x3B, 0x3F. Add 41# information on variants. 42# n03 1995-Apr-18 First version (after fixing some typos). 43# Matches internal ufrm<n11>. 44# 45# Standard header: 46# ---------------- 47# 48# Apple, the Apple logo, and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple 49# Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. 50# Unicode is a trademark of Unicode Inc. For the sake of brevity, 51# throughout this document, "Macintosh" can be used to refer to 52# Macintosh computers and "Unicode" can be used to refer to the 53# Unicode standard. 54# 55# Apple Computer, Inc. ("Apple") makes no warranty or representation, 56# either express or implied, with respect to this document and the 57# included data, its quality, accuracy, or fitness for a particular 58# purpose. In no event will Apple be liable for direct, indirect, 59# special, incidental, or consequential damages resulting from any 60# defect or inaccuracy in this document or the included data. 61# 62# These mapping tables and character lists are subject to change. 63# The latest tables should be available from the following: 64# 65# <http://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/APPLE/> 66# 67# For general information about Mac OS encodings and these mapping 68# tables, see the file "README.TXT". 69# 70# Format: 71# ------- 72# 73# Three tab-separated columns; 74# '#' begins a comment which continues to the end of the line. 75# Column #1 is the Mac OS Arabic code (in hex as 0xNN). 76# Column #2 is the corresponding Unicode (in hex as 0xNNNN), 77# possibly preceded by a tag indicating required directionality 78# (i.e. <LR>+0xNNNN or <RL>+0xNNNN). 79# Column #3 is a comment containing the Unicode name. 80# 81# The entries are in Mac OS Arabic code order. 82# 83# Control character mappings are not shown in this table, following 84# the conventions of the standard UTC mapping tables. However, the 85# Mac OS Arabic character set uses the standard control characters at 86# 0x00-0x1F and 0x7F. 87# 88# Notes on Mac OS Arabic: 89# ----------------------- 90# 91# This is a legacy Mac OS encoding; in the Mac OS X Carbon and Cocoa 92# environments, it is only supported via transcoding to and from 93# Unicode. 94# 95# 1. General 96# 97# The Mac OS Arabic character set is intended to cover Arabic as 98# used in North Africa, the Arabian peninsula, and the Levant. It 99# also contains several characters needed for Urdu and/or Farsi. 100# 101# The Mac OS Arabic character set is essentially a superset of ISO 102# 8859-6. The 8859-6 code points that are interpreted differently 103# in the Mac OS Arabic set are as follows: 104# 0xA0 is NO-BREAK SPACE in 8859-6 and right-left SPACE in Mac OS 105# Arabic; NO-BREAK is 0x81 in Mac OS Arabic. 106# 0xA4 is CURRENCY SIGN in 8859-6 and right-left DOLLAR SIGN in 107# Mac OS Arabic. 108# 0xAD is SOFT HYPHEN in 8859-6 and right-left HYPHEN-MINUS in 109# Mac OS Arabic. 110# ISO 8859-6 specifies that codes 0x30-0x39 can be rendered either 111# with European digit shapes or Arabic digit shapes. This is also 112# true in Mac OS Arabic, which determines from context which digit 113# shapes to use (see below). 114# 115# The Mac OS Arabic character set uses the C1 controls area and other 116# code points which are undefined in ISO 8859-6 for additional 117# graphic characters: additional Arabic letters for Farsi and Urdu, 118# some accented Roman letters for European languages (such as French), 119# and duplicates of some of the punctuation, symbols, and digits in 120# the ASCII block. The duplicate punctuation, symbol, and digit 121# characters have right-left directionality, while the ASCII versions 122# have left-right directionality. See the next section for more 123# information on this. 124# 125# Mac OS Arabic characters 0xEB-0xF2 are non-spacing/combining marks. 126# 127# 2. Directional characters and roundtrip fidelity 128# 129# The Mac OS Arabic character set was developed in 1986-1987. At that 130# time the bidirectional line layout algorithm used in the Mac OS 131# Arabic system was fairly simple; it used only a few direction 132# classes (instead of the 19 now used in the Unicode bidirectional 133# algorithm). In order to permit users to handle some tricky layout 134# problems, certain punctuation and symbol characters were encoded 135# twice, one with a left-right direction attribute and the other with 136# a right-left direction attribute. 137# 138# For example, plus sign is encoded at 0x2B with a left-right 139# attribute, and at 0xAB with a right-left attribute. However, there 140# is only one PLUS SIGN character in Unicode. This leads to some 141# interesting problems when mapping between Mac OS Arabic and Unicode; 142# see below. 143# 144# A related problem is that even when a particular character is 145# encoded only once in Mac OS Arabic, it may have a different 146# direction attribute than the corresponding Unicode character. 147# 148# For example, the Mac OS Arabic character at 0x93 is HORIZONTAL 149# ELLIPSIS with strong right-left direction. However, the Unicode 150# character HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS has direction class neutral. 151# 152# 3. Behavior of ASCII-range numbers in WorldScript 153# 154# Mac OS Arabic also has two sets of digit codes. 155# 156# The digits at 0x30-0x39 may be displayed using either European 157# digit forms or Arabic digit forms, depending on context. If there 158# is a "strong European" character such as a Latin letter on either 159# side of a sequence consisting of digits 0x30-0x39 and possibly comma 160# 0x2C or period 0x2E, then the characters will be displayed using 161# European forms (This will happen even if there are neutral characters 162# between the digits and the strong European character). Otherwise, the 163# digits will be displayed using Arabic forms, the comma will be 164# displayed as Arabic thousands separator, and the period as Arabic 165# decimal separator. In any case, 0x2C, 0x2E, and 0x30-0x39 are always 166# left-right. 167# 168# The digits at 0xB0-0xB9 are always displayed using Arabic digit 169# shapes, and moreover, these digits always have strong right-left 170# directionality. These are mainly intended for special layout 171# purposes such as part numbers, etc. 172# 173# 4. Font variants 174# 175# The table in this file gives the Unicode mappings for the standard 176# Mac OS Arabic encoding. This encoding is supported by the Cairo font 177# (the system font for Arabic), and is the encoding supported by the 178# text processing utilities. However, the other Arabic fonts actually 179# implement slightly different encodings; this mainly affects the code 180# points 0xAA and 0xC0. For these code points the standard Mac OS 181# Arabic encoding has the following mappings: 182# 0xAA -> <RL>+0x002A ASTERISK, right-left 183# 0xC0 -> <RL>+0x274A EIGHT TEARDROP-SPOKED PROPELLER ASTERISK, 184# right-left 185# This mapping of 0xAA is consistent with the normal convention for 186# Mac OS Arabic and Hebrew that the right-left duplicates have codes 187# that are equal to the ASCII code of the left-right character plus 188# 0x80. However, in all of the other fonts, 0xAA is MULTIPLY SIGN, and 189# right-left ASTERISK may be at a different code point. The other 190# variants are described below. 191# 192# The TrueType variant is used for most of the Arabic TrueType fonts: 193# Baghdad, Geeza, Kufi, Nadeem. It differs from the standard variant 194# in the following way: 195# 0xAA -> <RL>+0x00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN, right-left 196# 0xC0 -> <RL>+0x002A ASTERISK, right-left 197# 198# The Thuluth variant is used for the Arabic Postscript-only fonts: 199# Thuluth and Thuluth bold. It differs from the standard variant in 200# the following way: 201# 0xAA -> <RL>+0x00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN, right-left 202# 0xC0 -> 0x066D ARABIC FIVE POINTED STAR 203# 204# The AlBayan variant is used for the Arabic TrueType font Al Bayan. 205# It differs from the standard variant in the following way: 206# 0x81 -> no mapping (glyph just has authorship information, etc.) 207# 0xA3 -> 0xFDFA ARABIC LIGATURE SALLALLAHOU ALAYHE WASALLAM 208# 0xA4 -> 0xFDF2 ARABIC LIGATURE ALLAH ISOLATED FORM 209# 0xAA -> <RL>+0x00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN, right-left 210# 0xDC -> <RL>+0x25CF BLACK CIRCLE, right-left 211# 0xFC -> <RL>+0x25A0 BLACK SQUARE, right-left 212# 213# Unicode mapping issues and notes: 214# --------------------------------- 215# 216# 1. Matching the direction of Mac OS Arabic characters 217# 218# When Mac OS Arabic encodes a character twice but with different 219# direction attributes for the two code points - as in the case of 220# plus sign mentioned above - we need a way to map both Mac OS Arabic 221# code points to Unicode and back again without loss of information. 222# With the plus sign, for example, mapping one of the Mac OS Arabic 223# characters to a code in the Unicode corporate use zone is 224# undesirable, since both of the plus sign characters are likely to 225# be used in text that is interchanged. 226# 227# The problem is solved with the use of direction override characters 228# and direction-dependent mappings. When mapping from Mac OS Arabic 229# to Unicode, we use direction overrides as necessary to force the 230# direction of the resulting Unicode characters. 231# 232# The required direction is indicated by a direction tag in the 233# mappings. A tag of <LR> means the corresponding Unicode character 234# must have a strong left-right context, and a tag of <RL> indicates 235# a right-left context. 236# 237# For example, the mapping of 0x2B is given as <LR>+0x002B; the 238# mapping of 0xAB is given as <RL>+0x002B. If we map an isolated 239# instance of 0x2B to Unicode, it should be mapped as follows (LRO 240# indicates LEFT-RIGHT OVERRIDE, PDF indicates POP DIRECTION 241# FORMATTING): 242# 243# 0x2B -> 0x202D (LRO) + 0x002B (PLUS SIGN) + 0x202C (PDF) 244# 245# When mapping several characters in a row that require direction 246# forcing, the overrides need only be used at the beginning and end. 247# For example: 248# 249# 0x24 0x20 0x28 0x29 -> 0x202D 0x0024 0x0020 0x0028 0x0029 0x202C 250# 251# If neutral characters that require direction forcing are already 252# between strong-direction characters with matching directionality, 253# then direction overrides need not be used. Direction overrides are 254# always needed to map the right-left digits at 0xB0-0xB9. 255# 256# When mapping from Unicode to Mac OS Arabic, the Unicode 257# bidirectional algorithm should be used to determine resolved 258# direction of the Unicode characters. The mapping from Unicode to 259# Mac OS Arabic can then be disambiguated by the use of the resolved 260# direction: 261# 262# Unicode 0x002B -> Mac OS Arabic 0x2B (if L) or 0xAB (if R) 263# 264# However, this also means the direction override characters should 265# be discarded when mapping from Unicode to Mac OS Arabic (after 266# they have been used to determine resolved direction), since the 267# direction override information is carried by the code point itself. 268# 269# Even when direction overrides are not needed for roundtrip 270# fidelity, they are sometimes used when mapping Mac OS Arabic 271# characters to Unicode in order to achieve similar text layout with 272# the resulting Unicode text. For example, the single Mac OS Arabic 273# ellipsis character has direction class right-left,and there is no 274# left-right version. However, the Unicode HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS 275# character has direction class neutral (which means it may end up 276# with a resolved direction of left-right if surrounded by left-right 277# characters). When mapping the Mac OS Arabic ellipsis to Unicode, it 278# is surrounded with a direction override to help preserve proper 279# text layout. The resolved direction is not needed or used when 280# mapping the Unicode HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS back to Mac OS Arabic. 281# 282# 2. Mapping the Mac OS Arabic digits 283# 284# The main table below contains mappings that should be used when 285# strict round-trip fidelity is required. However, for numeric 286# values, the mappings in that table will produce Unicode characters 287# that may appear different than the Mac OS Arabic text displayed on 288# a Mac OS system using WorldScript. This is because WorldScript 289# uses context-dependent display for the 0x30-0x39 digits. 290# 291# If roundtrip fidelity is not required, then the following 292# alternate mappings should be used when a sequence of 0x30-0x39 293# digits - possibly including 0x2C and 0x2E - occurs in an Arabic 294# context (that is, when the first "strong" character on either side 295# of the digit sequence is Arabic, or there is no strong character): 296# 297# 0x2C 0x066C # ARABIC THOUSANDS SEPARATOR 298# 0x2E 0x066B # ARABIC DECIMAL SEPARATOR 299# 0x30 0x0660 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ZERO 300# 0x31 0x0661 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ONE 301# 0x32 0x0662 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO 302# 0x33 0x0663 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT THREE 303# 0x34 0x0664 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FOUR 304# 0x35 0x0665 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FIVE 305# 0x36 0x0666 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SIX 306# 0x37 0x0667 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SEVEN 307# 0x38 0x0668 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT EIGHT 308# 0x39 0x0669 # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE 309# 310# Details of mapping changes in each version: 311# ------------------------------------------- 312# 313# Changes from version n03 to version n07: 314# 315# - Change mapping for 0xC0 from U+066D to U+274A. 316# 317# - Add direction overrides (required directionality) to mappings 318# for 0x25, 0x2C, 0x3B, 0x3F. 319# 320################## 3210x00 - 0x7F = 0x0000 - 3220x80 = 0x00C4 3230x81 = 0x00A0 3240x82 = 0x00C7 3250x83 = 0x00C9 3260x84 = 0x00D1 3270x85 = 0x00D6 3280x86 = 0x00DC 3290x87 = 0x00E1 3300x88 = 0x00E0 3310x89 = 0x00E2 3320x8A = 0x00E4 3330x8B = 0x06BA 3340x8C = 0x00AB 3350x8D = 0x00E7 3360x8E = 0x00E9 3370x8F = 0x00E8 3380x90 = 0x00EA 3390x91 = 0x00EB 3400x92 = 0x00ED 3410x93 = 0x2026 3420x94 = 0x00EE 3430x95 = 0x00EF 3440x96 = 0x00F1 3450x97 = 0x00F3 3460x98 = 0x00BB 3470x99 = 0x00F4 3480x9A = 0x00F6 3490x9B = 0x00F7 3500x9C = 0x00FA 3510x9D = 0x00F9 3520x9E = 0x00FB 3530x9F = 0x00FC 3540xA0 = 0x0020 3550xA1 = 0x0021 3560xA2 = 0x0022 3570xA3 = 0x0023 3580xA4 = 0x0024 3590xA5 = 0x066A 3600xA6 = 0x0026 3610xA7 = 0x0027 3620xA8 = 0x0028 3630xA9 = 0x0029 3640xAA = 0x002A 3650xAB = 0x002B 3660xAC = 0x060C 3670xAD = 0x002D 3680xAE = 0x002E 3690xAF = 0x002F 3700xB0 = 0x0660 3710xB1 = 0x0661 3720xB2 = 0x0662 3730xB3 = 0x0663 3740xB4 = 0x0664 3750xB5 = 0x0665 3760xB6 = 0x0666 3770xB7 = 0x0667 3780xB8 = 0x0668 3790xB9 = 0x0669 3800xBA = 0x003A 3810xBB = 0x061B 3820xBC = 0x003C 3830xBD = 0x003D 3840xBE = 0x003E 3850xBF = 0x061F 3860xC0 = 0x274A 3870xC1 = 0x0621 3880xC2 = 0x0622 3890xC3 = 0x0623 3900xC4 = 0x0624 3910xC5 = 0x0625 3920xC6 = 0x0626 3930xC7 = 0x0627 3940xC8 = 0x0628 3950xC9 = 0x0629 3960xCA = 0x062A 3970xCB = 0x062B 3980xCC = 0x062C 3990xCD = 0x062D 4000xCE = 0x062E 4010xCF = 0x062F 4020xD0 = 0x0630 4030xD1 = 0x0631 4040xD2 = 0x0632 4050xD3 = 0x0633 4060xD4 = 0x0634 4070xD5 = 0x0635 4080xD6 = 0x0636 4090xD7 = 0x0637 4100xD8 = 0x0638 4110xD9 = 0x0639 4120xDA = 0x063A 4130xDB = 0x005B 4140xDC = 0x005C 4150xDD = 0x005D 4160xDE = 0x005E 4170xDF = 0x005F 4180xE0 = 0x0640 4190xE1 = 0x0641 4200xE2 = 0x0642 4210xE3 = 0x0643 4220xE4 = 0x0644 4230xE5 = 0x0645 4240xE6 = 0x0646 4250xE7 = 0x0647 4260xE8 = 0x0648 4270xE9 = 0x0649 4280xEA = 0x064A 4290xEB = 0x064B 4300xEC = 0x064C 4310xED = 0x064D 4320xEE = 0x064E 4330xEF = 0x064F 4340xF0 = 0x0650 4350xF1 = 0x0651 4360xF2 = 0x0652 4370xF3 = 0x067E 4380xF4 = 0x0679 4390xF5 = 0x0686 4400xF6 = 0x06D5 4410xF7 = 0x06A4 4420xF8 = 0x06AF 4430xF9 = 0x0688 4440xFA = 0x0691 4450xFB = 0x007B 4460xFC = 0x007C 4470xFD = 0x007D 4480xFE = 0x0698 4490xFF = 0x06D2 450END_MAP 451