1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Mike Muuss.
7 *
8 * %sccs.include.redist.c%
9 */
10
11 #ifndef lint
12 static char copyright[] =
13 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
14 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
15 #endif /* not lint */
16
17 #ifndef lint
18 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 04/28/95";
19 #endif /* not lint */
20
21 /*
22 * P I N G . C
23 *
24 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
25 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
26 *
27 * Author -
28 * Mike Muuss
29 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
30 * December, 1983
31 *
32 * Status -
33 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited.
34 * Bugs -
35 * More statistics could always be gathered.
36 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
37 */
38
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/socket.h>
41 #include <sys/file.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 #include <sys/signal.h>
44
45 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
46 #include <netinet/in.h>
47 #include <netinet/ip.h>
48 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
49 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
50 #include <netdb.h>
51 #include <unistd.h>
52 #include <stdio.h>
53 #include <ctype.h>
54 #include <errno.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56
57 #define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */
58 #define MAXIPLEN 60
59 #define MAXICMPLEN 76
60 #define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */
61 #define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */
62 #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */
63
64 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */
65 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */
66 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit))
67 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
68 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit))
69
70 /* various options */
71 int options;
72 #define F_FLOOD 0x001
73 #define F_INTERVAL 0x002
74 #define F_NUMERIC 0x004
75 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x008
76 #define F_QUIET 0x010
77 #define F_RROUTE 0x020
78 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x040
79 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x080
80 #define F_VERBOSE 0x100
81
82 /*
83 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
84 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128
85 * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
86 */
87 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128)
88 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
89 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
90
91 struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */
92 int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
93 int s; /* socket file descriptor */
94 u_char outpack[MAXPACKET];
95 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */
96 char DOT = '.';
97 char *hostname;
98 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */
99
100 /* counters */
101 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */
102 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */
103 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */
104 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
105 int interval = 1; /* interval between packets */
106
107 /* timing */
108 int timing; /* flag to do timing */
109 double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */
110 double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */
111 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */
112
113 char *pr_addr();
114 void catcher(), finish();
115
main(argc,argv)116 main(argc, argv)
117 int argc;
118 char **argv;
119 {
120 extern int errno, optind;
121 extern char *optarg;
122 struct timeval timeout;
123 struct hostent *hp;
124 struct sockaddr_in *to;
125 struct protoent *proto;
126 register int i;
127 int ch, fdmask, hold, packlen, preload;
128 u_char *datap, *packet;
129 char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], *malloc();
130 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
131 char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */
132 #endif
133
134 preload = 0;
135 datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)];
136 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Rc:dfh:i:l:np:qrs:v")) != EOF)
137 switch(ch) {
138 case 'c':
139 npackets = atoi(optarg);
140 if (npackets <= 0) {
141 (void)fprintf(stderr,
142 "ping: bad number of packets to transmit.\n");
143 exit(1);
144 }
145 break;
146 case 'd':
147 options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
148 break;
149 case 'f':
150 if (getuid()) {
151 (void)fprintf(stderr,
152 "ping: %s\n", strerror(EPERM));
153 exit(1);
154 }
155 options |= F_FLOOD;
156 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
157 break;
158 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */
159 interval = atoi(optarg);
160 if (interval <= 0) {
161 (void)fprintf(stderr,
162 "ping: bad timing interval.\n");
163 exit(1);
164 }
165 options |= F_INTERVAL;
166 break;
167 case 'l':
168 preload = atoi(optarg);
169 if (preload < 0) {
170 (void)fprintf(stderr,
171 "ping: bad preload value.\n");
172 exit(1);
173 }
174 break;
175 case 'n':
176 options |= F_NUMERIC;
177 break;
178 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */
179 options |= F_PINGFILLED;
180 fill((char *)datap, optarg);
181 break;
182 case 'q':
183 options |= F_QUIET;
184 break;
185 case 'R':
186 options |= F_RROUTE;
187 break;
188 case 'r':
189 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
190 break;
191 case 's': /* size of packet to send */
192 datalen = atoi(optarg);
193 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) {
194 (void)fprintf(stderr,
195 "ping: packet size too large.\n");
196 exit(1);
197 }
198 if (datalen <= 0) {
199 (void)fprintf(stderr,
200 "ping: illegal packet size.\n");
201 exit(1);
202 }
203 break;
204 case 'v':
205 options |= F_VERBOSE;
206 break;
207 default:
208 usage();
209 }
210 argc -= optind;
211 argv += optind;
212
213 if (argc != 1)
214 usage();
215 target = *argv;
216
217 memset(&whereto, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
218 to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto;
219 to->sin_family = AF_INET;
220 to->sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(target);
221 if (to->sin_addr.s_addr != (u_int)-1)
222 hostname = target;
223 else {
224 hp = gethostbyname(target);
225 if (!hp) {
226 (void)fprintf(stderr,
227 "ping: unknown host %s\n", target);
228 exit(1);
229 }
230 to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
231 memmove(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length);
232 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
233 hostname = hnamebuf;
234 }
235
236 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) {
237 (void)fprintf(stderr,
238 "ping: -f and -i incompatible options.\n");
239 exit(1);
240 }
241
242 if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */
243 timing = 1;
244 packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN;
245 if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) {
246 (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n");
247 exit(1);
248 }
249 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
250 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i)
251 *datap++ = i;
252
253 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
254
255 if (!(proto = getprotobyname("icmp"))) {
256 (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown protocol icmp.\n");
257 exit(1);
258 }
259 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto)) < 0) {
260 perror("ping: socket");
261 exit(1);
262 }
263 hold = 1;
264 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
265 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
266 sizeof(hold));
267 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
268 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
269 sizeof(hold));
270
271 /* record route option */
272 if (options & F_RROUTE) {
273 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
274 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
275 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1;
276 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
277 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
278 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) {
279 perror("ping: record route");
280 exit(1);
281 }
282 #else
283 (void)fprintf(stderr,
284 "ping: record route not available in this implementation.\n");
285 exit(1);
286 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
287 }
288
289 /*
290 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
291 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
292 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
293 * /etc/ethers.
294 */
295 hold = 48 * 1024;
296 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
297 sizeof(hold));
298
299 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET)
300 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname,
301 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr),
302 datalen);
303 else
304 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
305
306 (void)signal(SIGINT, finish);
307 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher);
308
309 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */
310 pinger();
311
312 if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0)
313 catcher(); /* start things going */
314
315 for (;;) {
316 struct sockaddr_in from;
317 register int cc;
318 int fromlen;
319
320 if (options & F_FLOOD) {
321 pinger();
322 timeout.tv_sec = 0;
323 timeout.tv_usec = 10000;
324 fdmask = 1 << s;
325 if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)&fdmask, (fd_set *)NULL,
326 (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1)
327 continue;
328 }
329 fromlen = sizeof(from);
330 if ((cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, packlen, 0,
331 (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) {
332 if (errno == EINTR)
333 continue;
334 perror("ping: recvfrom");
335 continue;
336 }
337 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from);
338 if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)
339 break;
340 }
341 finish();
342 /* NOTREACHED */
343 }
344
345 /*
346 * catcher --
347 * This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then
348 * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now.
349 *
350 * bug --
351 * Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be
352 * launched exactly at 1-second intervals). This does not affect the
353 * quality of the delay and loss statistics.
354 */
355 void
catcher()356 catcher()
357 {
358 int waittime;
359
360 pinger();
361 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher);
362 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
363 alarm((u_int)interval);
364 else {
365 if (nreceived) {
366 waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000;
367 if (!waittime)
368 waittime = 1;
369 } else
370 waittime = MAXWAIT;
371 (void)signal(SIGALRM, finish);
372 (void)alarm((u_int)waittime);
373 }
374 }
375
376 /*
377 * pinger --
378 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet
379 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
380 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes
381 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX
382 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
383 */
pinger()384 pinger()
385 {
386 register struct icmp *icp;
387 register int cc;
388 int i;
389
390 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
391 icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
392 icp->icmp_code = 0;
393 icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
394 icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted++;
395 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */
396
397 CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
398
399 if (timing)
400 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8],
401 (struct timezone *)NULL);
402
403 cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */
404
405 /* compute ICMP checksum here */
406 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
407
408 i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto,
409 sizeof(struct sockaddr));
410
411 if (i < 0 || i != cc) {
412 if (i < 0)
413 perror("ping: sendto");
414 (void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n",
415 hostname, cc, i);
416 }
417 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
418 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
419 }
420
421 /*
422 * pr_pack --
423 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary
424 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
425 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this
426 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
427 */
pr_pack(buf,cc,from)428 pr_pack(buf, cc, from)
429 char *buf;
430 int cc;
431 struct sockaddr_in *from;
432 {
433 register struct icmp *icp;
434 register u_long l;
435 register int i, j;
436 register u_char *cp,*dp;
437 static int old_rrlen;
438 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
439 struct ip *ip;
440 struct timeval tv, *tp;
441 double triptime;
442 int hlen, dupflag;
443
444 (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL);
445
446 /* Check the IP header */
447 ip = (struct ip *)buf;
448 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
449 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
450 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
451 (void)fprintf(stderr,
452 "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc,
453 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr));
454 return;
455 }
456
457 /* Now the ICMP part */
458 cc -= hlen;
459 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
460 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
461 if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
462 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
463 ++nreceived;
464 if (timing) {
465 #ifndef icmp_data
466 tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip;
467 #else
468 tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data;
469 #endif
470 tvsub(&tv, tp);
471 triptime = ((double)tv.tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
472 ((double)tv.tv_usec) / 1000.0;
473 tsum += triptime;
474 if (triptime < tmin)
475 tmin = triptime;
476 if (triptime > tmax)
477 tmax = triptime;
478 }
479
480 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
481 ++nrepeats;
482 --nreceived;
483 dupflag = 1;
484 } else {
485 SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
486 dupflag = 0;
487 }
488
489 if (options & F_QUIET)
490 return;
491
492 if (options & F_FLOOD)
493 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
494 else {
495 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
496 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
497 icp->icmp_seq);
498 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
499 if (timing)
500 (void)printf(" time=%g ms", triptime);
501 if (dupflag)
502 (void)printf(" (DUP!)");
503 /* check the data */
504 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[8];
505 dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)];
506 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
507 if (*cp != *dp) {
508 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
509 i, *dp, *cp);
510 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
511 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
512 if ((i % 32) == 8)
513 (void)printf("\n\t");
514 (void)printf("%x ", *cp);
515 }
516 break;
517 }
518 }
519 }
520 } else {
521 /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */
522 if (!(options & F_VERBOSE))
523 return;
524 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
525 pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr));
526 pr_icmph(icp);
527 }
528
529 /* Display any IP options */
530 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
531
532 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
533 switch (*cp) {
534 case IPOPT_EOL:
535 hlen = 0;
536 break;
537 case IPOPT_LSRR:
538 (void)printf("\nLSRR: ");
539 hlen -= 2;
540 j = *++cp;
541 ++cp;
542 if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF)
543 for (;;) {
544 l = *++cp;
545 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
546 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
547 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
548 if (l == 0)
549 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
550 else
551 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l)));
552 hlen -= 4;
553 j -= 4;
554 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF)
555 break;
556 (void)putchar('\n');
557 }
558 break;
559 case IPOPT_RR:
560 j = *++cp; /* get length */
561 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */
562 hlen -= 2;
563 if (i > j)
564 i = j;
565 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF;
566 if (i <= 0)
567 continue;
568 if (i == old_rrlen
569 && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2
570 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)
571 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
572 (void)printf("\t(same route)");
573 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4;
574 hlen -= i;
575 cp += i;
576 break;
577 }
578 old_rrlen = i;
579 memmove(old_rr, cp, i);
580 (void)printf("\nRR: ");
581 for (;;) {
582 l = *++cp;
583 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
584 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
585 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
586 if (l == 0)
587 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
588 else
589 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l)));
590 hlen -= 4;
591 i -= 4;
592 if (i <= 0)
593 break;
594 (void)putchar('\n');
595 }
596 break;
597 case IPOPT_NOP:
598 (void)printf("\nNOP");
599 break;
600 default:
601 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
602 break;
603 }
604 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
605 (void)putchar('\n');
606 (void)fflush(stdout);
607 }
608 }
609
610 /*
611 * in_cksum --
612 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
613 */
in_cksum(addr,len)614 in_cksum(addr, len)
615 u_short *addr;
616 int len;
617 {
618 register int nleft = len;
619 register u_short *w = addr;
620 register int sum = 0;
621 u_short answer = 0;
622
623 /*
624 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
625 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
626 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
627 */
628 while (nleft > 1) {
629 sum += *w++;
630 nleft -= 2;
631 }
632
633 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
634 if (nleft == 1) {
635 *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ;
636 sum += answer;
637 }
638
639 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
640 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
641 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */
642 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */
643 return(answer);
644 }
645
646 /*
647 * tvsub --
648 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to
649 * be >= in.
650 */
tvsub(out,in)651 tvsub(out, in)
652 register struct timeval *out, *in;
653 {
654 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
655 --out->tv_sec;
656 out->tv_usec += 1000000;
657 }
658 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
659 }
660
661 /*
662 * finish --
663 * Print out statistics, and give up.
664 */
665 void
finish()666 finish()
667 {
668 register int i;
669
670 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
671 (void)putchar('\n');
672 (void)fflush(stdout);
673 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
674 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
675 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
676 if (nrepeats)
677 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
678 if (ntransmitted)
679 if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
680 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
681 else
682 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
683 (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
684 ntransmitted));
685 (void)putchar('\n');
686 if (nreceived && timing) {
687 /* Only display average to microseconds */
688 i = 1000.0 * tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats);
689 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %g/%g/%g ms\n",
690 tmin, ((double)i) / 1000.0, tmax);
691 }
692 exit(0);
693 }
694
695 #ifdef notdef
696 static char *ttab[] = {
697 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */
698 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
699 "Source Quench", /* IP */
700 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */
701 "Echo",
702 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */
703 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */
704 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */
705 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */
706 "Info Request", /* id + sq */
707 "Info Reply" /* " */
708 };
709 #endif
710
711 /*
712 * pr_icmph --
713 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
714 */
715 pr_icmph(icp)
716 struct icmp *icp;
717 {
718 switch(icp->icmp_type) {
719 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
720 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
721 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
722 break;
723 case ICMP_UNREACH:
724 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
725 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
726 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
727 break;
728 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
729 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
730 break;
731 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
732 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
733 break;
734 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
735 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
736 break;
737 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
738 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n");
739 break;
740 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
741 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
742 break;
743 default:
744 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
745 icp->icmp_code);
746 break;
747 }
748 /* Print returned IP header information */
749 #ifndef icmp_data
750 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
751 #else
752 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
753 #endif
754 break;
755 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
756 (void)printf("Source Quench\n");
757 #ifndef icmp_data
758 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
759 #else
760 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
761 #endif
762 break;
763 case ICMP_REDIRECT:
764 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
765 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
766 (void)printf("Redirect Network");
767 break;
768 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
769 (void)printf("Redirect Host");
770 break;
771 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
772 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
773 break;
774 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
775 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
776 break;
777 default:
778 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
779 break;
780 }
781 (void)printf("(New addr: 0x%08lx)\n", icp->icmp_gwaddr.s_addr);
782 #ifndef icmp_data
783 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
784 #else
785 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
786 #endif
787 break;
788 case ICMP_ECHO:
789 (void)printf("Echo Request\n");
790 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
791 break;
792 case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
793 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
794 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
795 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
796 break;
797 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
798 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
799 break;
800 default:
801 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
802 icp->icmp_code);
803 break;
804 }
805 #ifndef icmp_data
806 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
807 #else
808 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
809 #endif
810 break;
811 case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
812 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
813 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
814 #ifndef icmp_data
815 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
816 #else
817 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
818 #endif
819 break;
820 case ICMP_TSTAMP:
821 (void)printf("Timestamp\n");
822 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
823 break;
824 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
825 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
826 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
827 break;
828 case ICMP_IREQ:
829 (void)printf("Information Request\n");
830 /* XXX ID + Seq */
831 break;
832 case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
833 (void)printf("Information Reply\n");
834 /* XXX ID + Seq */
835 break;
836 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ
837 case ICMP_MASKREQ:
838 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
839 break;
840 #endif
841 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY
842 case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
843 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
844 break;
845 #endif
846 default:
847 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
848 }
849 }
850
851 /*
852 * pr_iph --
853 * Print an IP header with options.
854 */
855 pr_iph(ip)
856 struct ip *ip;
857 {
858 int hlen;
859 u_char *cp;
860
861 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
862 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */
863
864 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n");
865 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x",
866 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id);
867 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
868 (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
869 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum);
870 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
871 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
872 /* dump and option bytes */
873 while (hlen-- > 20) {
874 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
875 }
876 (void)putchar('\n');
877 }
878
879 /*
880 * pr_addr --
881 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
882 * a hostname.
883 */
884 char *
pr_addr(l)885 pr_addr(l)
886 u_long l;
887 {
888 struct hostent *hp;
889 static char buf[80];
890
891 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
892 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&l, 4, AF_INET)))
893 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l));
894 else
895 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
896 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l));
897 return(buf);
898 }
899
900 /*
901 * pr_retip --
902 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
903 */
904 pr_retip(ip)
905 struct ip *ip;
906 {
907 int hlen;
908 u_char *cp;
909
910 pr_iph(ip);
911 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
912 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
913
914 if (ip->ip_p == 6)
915 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
916 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
917 else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
918 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
919 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
920 }
921
fill(bp,patp)922 fill(bp, patp)
923 char *bp, *patp;
924 {
925 register int ii, jj, kk;
926 int pat[16];
927 char *cp;
928
929 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++)
930 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) {
931 (void)fprintf(stderr,
932 "ping: patterns must be specified as hex digits.\n");
933 exit(1);
934 }
935 ii = sscanf(patp,
936 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
937 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
938 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
939 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
940
941 if (ii > 0)
942 for (kk = 0;
943 kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + sizeof(struct timeval) + ii);
944 kk += ii)
945 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
946 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
947 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
948 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
949 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
950 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
951 (void)printf("\n");
952 }
953 }
954
usage()955 usage()
956 {
957 (void)fprintf(stderr,
958 "usage: ping [-Rdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload]\n\t[-p pattern] [-s packetsize] host\n");
959 exit(1);
960 }
961