xref: /openbsd-src/usr.sbin/makefs/ffs.c (revision da5362d567d5bc29ee9e27984ebc5dd0bad1b0e2)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: ffs.c,v 1.39 2024/01/09 03:16:00 guenther Exp $	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: ffs.c,v 1.66 2015/12/21 00:58:08 christos Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (c) 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Written by Luke Mewburn for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
21  *      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
22  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
23  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
24  *    written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
29  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
30  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
31  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
32  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
33  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
34  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
35  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
36  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 /*
39  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
40  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
41  *
42  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
43  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
44  * are met:
45  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
46  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
47  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
49  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
50  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
51  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
52  *    without specific prior written permission.
53  *
54  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
55  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
56  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
57  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
58  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
59  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
60  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
61  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
62  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
63  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
64  * SUCH DAMAGE.
65  *
66  *	@(#)ffs_alloc.c	8.19 (Berkeley) 7/13/95
67  */
68 
69 #include <sys/param.h>	/* roundup DEV_BSIZE */
70 #include <sys/types.h>
71 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
72 
73 #include <assert.h>
74 #include <errno.h>
75 #include <fcntl.h>
76 #include <stdarg.h>
77 #include <stdio.h>
78 #include <stdint.h>
79 #include <limits.h>
80 #include <stdlib.h>
81 #include <string.h>
82 #include <unistd.h>
83 
84 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
85 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
86 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
87 
88 #include "ffs/ufs_inode.h"
89 #include "ffs/ffs_extern.h"
90 
91 #include "makefs.h"
92 #include "ffs.h"
93 #include "ffs/newfs_extern.h"
94 
95 #undef DIP
96 #define DIP(dp, field) \
97 	((ffs_opts->version == 1) ? \
98 	(dp)->ffs1_din.di_##field : (dp)->ffs2_din.di_##field)
99 
100 /*
101  * Various file system defaults (cribbed from newfs(8)).
102  */
103 #define	DFL_FRAGSIZE		2048		/* fragment size */
104 #define	DFL_BLKSIZE		16384		/* block size */
105 #define	DFL_SECSIZE		512		/* sector size */
106 
107 
108 typedef struct {
109 	u_char		*buf;		/* buf for directory */
110 	doff_t		size;		/* full size of buf */
111 	doff_t		cur;		/* offset of current entry */
112 } dirbuf_t;
113 
114 
115 static	int	ffs_create_image(const char *, fsinfo_t *);
116 static	void	ffs_make_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *, const char *, fsnode *);
117 static	int	ffs_populate_dir(const char *, fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
118 static	void	ffs_size_dir(fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
119 static	void	ffs_validate(const char *, fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
120 static	void	ffs_write_file(union dinode *, uint32_t, void *, fsinfo_t *);
121 static	void	ffs_write_inode(union dinode *, uint32_t, const fsinfo_t *);
122 static  void	*ffs_build_dinode1(struct ufs1_dinode *, dirbuf_t *, fsnode *,
123 				 fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
124 static  void	*ffs_build_dinode2(struct ufs2_dinode *, dirbuf_t *, fsnode *,
125 				 fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
126 
127 struct disklabel *ffs_makerdroot(const fsinfo_t *);
128 
129 
130 	/* publicly visible functions */
131 void
ffs_prep_opts(fsinfo_t * fsopts)132 ffs_prep_opts(fsinfo_t *fsopts)
133 {
134 	ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = ecalloc(1, sizeof(*ffs_opts));
135 
136 	const option_t ffs_options[] = {
137 	    { "avgfilesize", &ffs_opts->avgfilesize, OPT_INT32, 1, INT_MAX },
138 	    { "avgfpdir", &ffs_opts->avgfpdir, OPT_INT32, 1, INT_MAX },
139 	    { "bsize", &ffs_opts->bsize, OPT_INT32, 1, INT_MAX },
140 	    { "density", &ffs_opts->density, OPT_INT32, 1, INT_MAX },
141 	    { "disklabel", NULL, OPT_STRBUF, 0, 0 },
142 	    { "extent", &ffs_opts->maxbsize, OPT_INT32, 1, INT_MAX },
143 	    { "fsize", &ffs_opts->fsize, OPT_INT32, 1, INT_MAX },
144 	    { "label", ffs_opts->label, OPT_STRARRAY, 1, MAXVOLLEN },
145 	    { "maxbpcg", &ffs_opts->maxblkspercg, OPT_INT32, 1, INT_MAX },
146 	    { "maxbpg", &ffs_opts->maxbpg, OPT_INT32, 1, INT_MAX },
147 	    { "minfree", &ffs_opts->minfree, OPT_INT32, 0, 99 },
148 	    { "optimization", NULL, OPT_STRBUF, 0, 0 },
149 	    { "rdroot", &ffs_opts->rdroot, OPT_INT32, 0, 1 },
150 	    { "version", &ffs_opts->version, OPT_INT32, 1, 2 },
151 	    { .name = NULL }
152 	};
153 
154 	ffs_opts->bsize = -1;
155 	ffs_opts->fsize = -1;
156 	ffs_opts->density = -1;
157 	ffs_opts->minfree = MINFREE;
158 	ffs_opts->optimization = FS_OPTSPACE;
159 	ffs_opts->maxbpg = -1;
160 	ffs_opts->avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;
161 	ffs_opts->avgfpdir = AFPDIR;
162 	ffs_opts->version = 1;
163 	ffs_opts->rdroot = 0;
164 	ffs_opts->lp = NULL;
165 	ffs_opts->pp = NULL;
166 
167 	fsopts->fs_specific = ffs_opts;
168 	fsopts->fs_options = copy_opts(ffs_options);
169 }
170 
171 void
ffs_cleanup_opts(fsinfo_t * fsopts)172 ffs_cleanup_opts(fsinfo_t *fsopts)
173 {
174 	free(fsopts->fs_specific);
175 	free(fsopts->fs_options);
176 }
177 
178 int
ffs_parse_opts(const char * option,fsinfo_t * fsopts)179 ffs_parse_opts(const char *option, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
180 {
181 	ffs_opt_t	*ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
182 	option_t *ffs_options = fsopts->fs_options;
183 	char buf[1024];
184 
185 	int	rv;
186 
187 	assert(option != NULL);
188 	assert(fsopts != NULL);
189 	assert(ffs_opts != NULL);
190 
191 	rv = set_option(ffs_options, option, buf, sizeof(buf));
192 	if (rv == -1)
193 		return 0;
194 
195 	if (ffs_options[rv].name == NULL)
196 		abort();
197 
198 	if (strcmp(ffs_options[rv].name, "disklabel") == 0) {
199 		struct disklabel *dp;
200 
201 		dp = getdiskbyname(buf);
202 		if (dp == NULL)
203 			errx(1, "unknown disk type: %s", buf);
204 
205 		ffs_opts->lp = emalloc(sizeof(struct disklabel));
206 		*ffs_opts->lp = *dp;
207 	} else if (strcmp(ffs_options[rv].name, "optimization") == 0) {
208 		if (strcmp(buf, "time") == 0) {
209 			ffs_opts->optimization = FS_OPTTIME;
210 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "space") == 0) {
211 			ffs_opts->optimization = FS_OPTSPACE;
212 		} else {
213 			warnx("Invalid optimization `%s'", buf);
214 			return 0;
215 		}
216 	}
217 	return 1;
218 }
219 
220 struct disklabel *
ffs_makerdroot(const fsinfo_t * fsopts)221 ffs_makerdroot(const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
222 {
223 	const ffs_opt_t		*ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
224 	struct disklabel	*lp;
225 	struct partition	*pp;
226 	uint32_t		 rdsize, poffset;
227 	const uint32_t		 sectorsize = fsopts->sectorsize;
228 	const uint32_t		 fsize = ffs_opts->fsize;
229 	const uint32_t		 bsize = ffs_opts->bsize;
230 
231 	rdsize = (fsopts->size + sectorsize - 1) / sectorsize;
232 	poffset = (fsopts->offset + sectorsize - 1) / sectorsize;
233 
234 	lp = ecalloc(1, sizeof(struct disklabel));
235 
236 	lp->d_version = 1;
237 	lp->d_type = DTYPE_RDROOT;
238 	strlcpy(lp->d_typename, "rdroot", sizeof(lp->d_typename));
239 	lp->d_npartitions = RAW_PART + 1;
240 	lp->d_secsize = sectorsize;
241 	lp->d_ntracks = lp->d_ncylinders = 1;
242 	lp->d_secpercyl = rdsize;
243 	DL_SETDSIZE(lp, rdsize);
244 
245 	pp = &lp->d_partitions[0];		/* a.k.a. 'a' */
246 	pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDFFS;
247 	pp->p_fragblock = DISKLABELV1_FFS_FRAGBLOCK(fsize, bsize / fsize);
248 	DL_SETPOFFSET(pp, poffset);
249 	DL_SETPSIZE(pp, rdsize - poffset);
250 
251 	pp = &lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART];	/* a.k.a. 'c' */
252 	DL_SETPOFFSET(pp, 0);
253 	DL_SETPSIZE(pp, DL_GETDSIZE(lp));
254 
255 	return lp;
256 }
257 
258 void
ffs_makefs(const char * image,const char * dir,fsnode * root,fsinfo_t * fsopts)259 ffs_makefs(const char *image, const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
260 {
261 	struct fs	*superblock;
262 	ffs_opt_t	*ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
263 
264 	assert(image != NULL);
265 	assert(dir != NULL);
266 	assert(root != NULL);
267 	assert(fsopts != NULL);
268 
269 		/* validate tree and options */
270 	ffs_validate(dir, root, fsopts);
271 
272 	printf("Calculated size of `%s': %lld bytes, %lld inodes\n",
273 	    image, (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes);
274 
275 		/* create image */
276 	if (ffs_create_image(image, fsopts) == -1)
277 		errx(1, "Image file `%s' not created.", image);
278 
279 	fsopts->curinode = ROOTINO;
280 
281 		/* populate image */
282 	printf("Populating `%s'\n", image);
283 	if (! ffs_populate_dir(dir, root, fsopts))
284 		errx(1, "Image file `%s' not populated.", image);
285 
286 	bcleanup();
287 
288 		/* update various superblock parameters */
289 	superblock = fsopts->superblock;
290 	superblock->fs_fmod = 0;
291 	superblock->fs_ffs1_cstotal.cs_ndir   = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir;
292 	superblock->fs_ffs1_cstotal.cs_nbfree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
293 	superblock->fs_ffs1_cstotal.cs_nifree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree;
294 	superblock->fs_ffs1_cstotal.cs_nffree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree;
295 
296 		/* write out superblock; image is now complete */
297 	ffs_write_superblock(fsopts->superblock, fsopts);
298 
299 	if (ffs_opts->rdroot == 1) {
300 		ffs_opts->lp = ffs_makerdroot(fsopts);
301 		ffs_opts->pp = &ffs_opts->lp->d_partitions[0];
302 	}
303 
304 	if (ffs_opts->lp != NULL) {
305 		struct disklabel *lp = ffs_opts->lp;
306 		uint16_t *p, *end, sum = 0;
307 		ssize_t n;
308 		uint32_t bpg;
309 
310 		bpg = superblock->fs_fpg / superblock->fs_frag;
311 		while (bpg > UINT16_MAX)
312 			bpg >>= 1;
313 		ffs_opts->pp->p_cpg = bpg;
314 
315 		lp->d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
316 		lp->d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
317 		arc4random_buf(lp->d_uid, sizeof(lp->d_uid));
318 		lp->d_checksum = 0;
319 
320 		p = (uint16_t *)lp;
321 		end = (uint16_t *)&lp->d_partitions[lp->d_npartitions];
322 		while (p < end)
323 			sum ^= *p++;
324 		lp->d_checksum = sum;
325 
326 		n = pwrite(fsopts->fd, lp, sizeof(struct disklabel),
327 		    fsopts->offset + LABELSECTOR * DEV_BSIZE + LABELOFFSET);
328 		if (n == -1)
329 			err(1, "failed to write disklabel");
330 		else if (n < sizeof(struct disklabel))
331 			errx(1, "failed to write disklabel: short write");
332 	}
333 
334 	if (close(fsopts->fd) == -1)
335 		err(1, "Closing `%s'", image);
336 	fsopts->fd = -1;
337 	printf("Image `%s' complete\n", image);
338 }
339 
340 	/* end of public functions */
341 
342 
343 static void
ffs_validate(const char * dir,fsnode * root,fsinfo_t * fsopts)344 ffs_validate(const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
345 {
346 	ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
347 	struct disklabel *lp = ffs_opts->lp;
348 	struct partition *pp = NULL;
349 	int32_t	ncg = 1;
350 	int i;
351 
352 	assert(dir != NULL);
353 	assert(root != NULL);
354 	assert(fsopts != NULL);
355 	assert(ffs_opts != NULL);
356 
357 	if (lp != NULL && ffs_opts->rdroot == 1)
358 		errx(1, "rdroot and disklabel are mutually exclusive");
359 
360 	if (lp != NULL) {
361 		for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
362 			pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
363 			if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BSDFFS &&
364 			    pp->p_offset * lp->d_secsize == fsopts->offset) {
365 				break;
366 			}
367 		}
368 		if (i == lp->d_npartitions)
369 			errx(1, "no matching partition found in the disklabel");
370 		ffs_opts->pp = pp;
371 
372 		if (pp->p_fragblock == 0)
373 			errx(1, "fragment size missing in disktab");
374 		if (fsopts->freeblocks != 0 || fsopts->freeblockpc != 0 ||
375 		    fsopts->freefiles != 0 || fsopts->freefilepc != 0 ||
376 		    fsopts->minsize != 0 || fsopts->maxsize != 0 ||
377 		    fsopts->sectorsize != -1 || fsopts->size != 0)
378 			errx(1, "-bfMmSs and disklabel are mutually exclusive");
379 		if (ffs_opts->fsize != -1 || ffs_opts->bsize != -1)
380 			errx(1, "b/fsize and disklabel are mutually exclusive");
381 
382 		fsopts->sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
383 		fsopts->minsize = fsopts->maxsize =
384 		    DL_GETPSIZE(pp) * lp->d_secsize;
385 		ffs_opts->fsize = DISKLABELV1_FFS_FSIZE(pp->p_fragblock);
386 		ffs_opts->bsize = DISKLABELV1_FFS_BSIZE(pp->p_fragblock);
387 	} else if (ffs_opts->rdroot == 1) {
388 		if (fsopts->freeblocks != 0 || fsopts->freeblockpc != 0 ||
389 		    fsopts->freefiles != 0 || fsopts->freefilepc != 0 ||
390 		    fsopts->offset != 0 || fsopts->sectorsize != -1 ||
391 		    fsopts->minsize != fsopts->maxsize)
392 			errx(1, "rdroot and -bfMmOS are mutually exclusive");
393 		if (fsopts->minsize == 0 || fsopts->maxsize == 0)
394 			errx(1, "rdroot requires -s");
395 		if (ffs_opts->minfree != 0)
396 			errx(1, "rdroot requires minfree=0");
397 		if (ffs_opts->fsize == -1 || ffs_opts->bsize == -1 ||
398 		    ffs_opts->density == -1)
399 			errx(1, "rdroot requires bsize, fsize and density");
400 		fsopts->sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
401 	}
402 
403 		/* set FFS defaults */
404 	if (fsopts->sectorsize == -1)
405 		fsopts->sectorsize = DFL_SECSIZE;
406 	if (ffs_opts->fsize == -1)
407 		ffs_opts->fsize = MAXIMUM(DFL_FRAGSIZE, fsopts->sectorsize);
408 	if (ffs_opts->bsize == -1)
409 		ffs_opts->bsize = MINIMUM(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * ffs_opts->fsize);
410 				/* fsopts->density is set below */
411 	/* XXX ondisk32 */
412 	if (ffs_opts->maxbpg == -1)
413 		ffs_opts->maxbpg = ffs_opts->bsize / sizeof(int32_t);
414 
415 		/* calculate size of tree */
416 	ffs_size_dir(root, fsopts);
417 	fsopts->inodes += ROOTINO;		/* include first two inodes */
418 
419 		/* add requested slop */
420 	fsopts->size += fsopts->freeblocks;
421 	fsopts->inodes += fsopts->freefiles;
422 	if (fsopts->freefilepc > 0)
423 		fsopts->inodes =
424 		    fsopts->inodes * (100 + fsopts->freefilepc) / 100;
425 	if (fsopts->freeblockpc > 0)
426 		fsopts->size =
427 		    fsopts->size * (100 + fsopts->freeblockpc) / 100;
428 
429 		/* add space needed for superblocks */
430 	/*
431 	 * The old SBOFF (SBLOCK_UFS1) is used here because makefs is
432 	 * typically used for small filesystems where space matters.
433 	 * XXX make this an option.
434 	 */
435 	fsopts->size += (SBLOCK_UFS1 + SBLOCKSIZE) * ncg;
436 		/* add space needed to store inodes, x3 for blockmaps, etc */
437 	if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
438 		fsopts->size += ncg * sizeof(struct ufs1_dinode) *
439 		    roundup(fsopts->inodes / ncg,
440 			ffs_opts->bsize / sizeof(struct ufs1_dinode));
441 	else
442 		fsopts->size += ncg * sizeof(struct ufs2_dinode) *
443 		    roundup(fsopts->inodes / ncg,
444 			ffs_opts->bsize / sizeof(struct ufs2_dinode));
445 
446 		/* add minfree */
447 	if (ffs_opts->minfree > 0)
448 		fsopts->size =
449 		    fsopts->size * (100 + ffs_opts->minfree) / 100;
450 	/*
451 	 * XXX	any other fs slop to add, such as csum's, bitmaps, etc ??
452 	 */
453 
454 	if (fsopts->size < fsopts->minsize)	/* ensure meets minimum size */
455 		fsopts->size = fsopts->minsize;
456 
457 		/* round up to the next block */
458 	fsopts->size = roundup(fsopts->size, ffs_opts->bsize);
459 
460 		/* calculate density if necessary */
461 	if (ffs_opts->density == -1)
462 		ffs_opts->density = fsopts->size / fsopts->inodes + 1;
463 
464 		/* now check calculated sizes vs requested sizes */
465 	if (fsopts->maxsize > 0 && fsopts->size > fsopts->maxsize) {
466 		errx(1, "`%s' size of %lld is larger than the maxsize of %lld.",
467 		    dir, (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->maxsize);
468 	}
469 }
470 
471 
472 static int
ffs_create_image(const char * image,fsinfo_t * fsopts)473 ffs_create_image(const char *image, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
474 {
475 	struct fs	*fs;
476 	char	*buf;
477 	int	i, bufsize;
478 	off_t	bufrem;
479 	time_t	tstamp;
480 	int	oflags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT;
481 
482 	assert (image != NULL);
483 	assert (fsopts != NULL);
484 
485 		/* create image */
486 	if (fsopts->offset == 0)
487 		oflags |= O_TRUNC;
488 	if ((fsopts->fd = open(image, oflags, 0666)) == -1) {
489 		warn("Can't open `%s' for writing", image);
490 		return (-1);
491 	}
492 
493 		/* zero image */
494 	bufsize = 8192;
495 	bufrem = fsopts->size;
496 
497 	if (fsopts->offset != 0)
498 		if (lseek(fsopts->fd, fsopts->offset, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
499 			warn("can't seek");
500 			return -1;
501 		}
502 
503 	if (bufrem > 0)
504 		buf = ecalloc(1, bufsize);
505 	while (bufrem > 0) {
506 		i = write(fsopts->fd, buf, MINIMUM(bufsize, bufrem));
507 		if (i == -1) {
508 			warn("zeroing image, %lld bytes to go",
509 			    (long long)bufrem);
510 			free(buf);
511 			return (-1);
512 		}
513 		bufrem -= i;
514 	}
515 	free(buf);
516 
517 		/* make the file system */
518 	if (Tflag) {
519 		tstamp = stampts;
520 		srandom_deterministic(stampts);
521 	} else
522 		tstamp = start_time.tv_sec;
523 
524 	fs = ffs_mkfs(image, fsopts, tstamp);
525 	fsopts->superblock = (void *)fs;
526 
527 	if ((off_t)(fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree + ROOTINO) < fsopts->inodes) {
528 		warnx(
529 		"Image file `%s' has %lld free inodes; %lld are required.",
530 		    image,
531 		    (long long)(fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree + ROOTINO),
532 		    (long long)fsopts->inodes);
533 		return (-1);
534 	}
535 	return (fsopts->fd);
536 }
537 
538 
539 static void
ffs_size_dir(fsnode * root,fsinfo_t * fsopts)540 ffs_size_dir(fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
541 {
542 	struct direct	tmpdir;
543 	fsnode *	node;
544 	int		curdirsize, this;
545 	ffs_opt_t	*ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
546 
547 	/* node may be NULL (empty directory) */
548 	assert(fsopts != NULL);
549 	assert(ffs_opts != NULL);
550 
551 #define	ADDDIRENT(e) do {						\
552 	tmpdir.d_namlen = strlen((e));					\
553 	this = DIRSIZ(&tmpdir);						\
554 	if (this + curdirsize > roundup(curdirsize, DIRBLKSIZ))		\
555 		curdirsize = roundup(curdirsize, DIRBLKSIZ);		\
556 	curdirsize += this;						\
557 } while (0);
558 
559 	/*
560 	 * XXX	this needs to take into account extra space consumed
561 	 *	by indirect blocks, etc.
562 	 */
563 #define	ADDSIZE(x) do {							\
564 	fsopts->size += roundup((x), ffs_opts->fsize);			\
565 } while (0);
566 
567 	curdirsize = 0;
568 	for (node = root; node != NULL; node = node->next) {
569 		ADDDIRENT(node->name);
570 		if (node == root) {			/* we're at "." */
571 			assert(strcmp(node->name, ".") == 0);
572 			ADDDIRENT("..");
573 		} else if ((node->inode->flags & FI_SIZED) == 0) {
574 				/* don't count duplicate names */
575 			node->inode->flags |= FI_SIZED;
576 			fsopts->inodes++;
577 			if (node->type == S_IFREG)
578 				ADDSIZE(node->inode->st.st_size);
579 			if (node->type == S_IFLNK) {
580 				size_t	slen;
581 
582 				slen = strlen(node->symlink) + 1;
583 				if (slen >= (ffs_opts->version == 1 ?
584 						MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1 :
585 						MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2))
586 					ADDSIZE(slen);
587 			}
588 		}
589 		if (node->type == S_IFDIR)
590 			ffs_size_dir(node->child, fsopts);
591 	}
592 	ADDSIZE(curdirsize);
593 }
594 
595 static void *
ffs_build_dinode1(struct ufs1_dinode * dinp,dirbuf_t * dbufp,fsnode * cur,fsnode * root,fsinfo_t * fsopts)596 ffs_build_dinode1(struct ufs1_dinode *dinp, dirbuf_t *dbufp, fsnode *cur,
597 		 fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
598 {
599 	size_t slen;
600 	void *membuf;
601 
602 	memset(dinp, 0, sizeof(*dinp));
603 	dinp->di_mode = cur->inode->st.st_mode;
604 	dinp->di_nlink = cur->inode->nlink;
605 	dinp->di_size = cur->inode->st.st_size;
606 	dinp->di_flags = cur->inode->st.st_flags;
607 	dinp->di_gen = cur->inode->st.st_gen;
608 	dinp->di_uid = cur->inode->st.st_uid;
609 	dinp->di_gid = cur->inode->st.st_gid;
610 
611 	dinp->di_atime = cur->inode->st.st_atime;
612 	dinp->di_mtime = cur->inode->st.st_mtime;
613 	dinp->di_ctime = cur->inode->st.st_ctime;
614 	dinp->di_atimensec = cur->inode->st.st_atim.tv_nsec;
615 	dinp->di_mtimensec = cur->inode->st.st_mtim.tv_nsec;
616 	dinp->di_ctimensec = cur->inode->st.st_ctim.tv_nsec;
617 		/* not set: di_db, di_ib, di_blocks, di_spare */
618 
619 	membuf = NULL;
620 	if (cur == root) {			/* "."; write dirbuf */
621 		membuf = dbufp->buf;
622 		dinp->di_size = dbufp->size;
623 	} else if (S_ISBLK(cur->type) || S_ISCHR(cur->type)) {
624 		dinp->di_size = 0;	/* a device */
625 		dinp->di_rdev = cur->inode->st.st_rdev;
626 	} else if (S_ISLNK(cur->type)) {	/* symlink */
627 		slen = strlen(cur->symlink);
628 		if (slen < MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1) {	/* short link */
629 			memcpy(dinp->di_db, cur->symlink, slen);
630 		} else
631 			membuf = cur->symlink;
632 		dinp->di_size = slen;
633 	}
634 	return membuf;
635 }
636 
637 static void *
ffs_build_dinode2(struct ufs2_dinode * dinp,dirbuf_t * dbufp,fsnode * cur,fsnode * root,fsinfo_t * fsopts)638 ffs_build_dinode2(struct ufs2_dinode *dinp, dirbuf_t *dbufp, fsnode *cur,
639 		 fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
640 {
641 	size_t slen;
642 	void *membuf;
643 
644 	memset(dinp, 0, sizeof(*dinp));
645 	dinp->di_mode = cur->inode->st.st_mode;
646 	dinp->di_nlink = cur->inode->nlink;
647 	dinp->di_size = cur->inode->st.st_size;
648 	dinp->di_flags = cur->inode->st.st_flags;
649 	dinp->di_gen = cur->inode->st.st_gen;
650 	dinp->di_uid = cur->inode->st.st_uid;
651 	dinp->di_gid = cur->inode->st.st_gid;
652 
653 	dinp->di_atime = cur->inode->st.st_atime;
654 	dinp->di_mtime = cur->inode->st.st_mtime;
655 	dinp->di_ctime = cur->inode->st.st_ctime;
656 	dinp->di_atimensec = cur->inode->st.st_atim.tv_nsec;
657 	dinp->di_mtimensec = cur->inode->st.st_mtim.tv_nsec;
658 	dinp->di_ctimensec = cur->inode->st.st_ctim.tv_nsec;
659 		/* not set: di_db, di_ib, di_blocks, di_spare */
660 
661 	membuf = NULL;
662 	if (cur == root) {			/* "."; write dirbuf */
663 		membuf = dbufp->buf;
664 		dinp->di_size = dbufp->size;
665 	} else if (S_ISBLK(cur->type) || S_ISCHR(cur->type)) {
666 		dinp->di_size = 0;	/* a device */
667 		dinp->di_rdev = cur->inode->st.st_rdev;
668 	} else if (S_ISLNK(cur->type)) {	/* symlink */
669 		slen = strlen(cur->symlink);
670 		if (slen < MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2) {	/* short link */
671 			memcpy(dinp->di_db, cur->symlink, slen);
672 		} else
673 			membuf = cur->symlink;
674 		dinp->di_size = slen;
675 	}
676 	return membuf;
677 }
678 
679 static int
ffs_populate_dir(const char * dir,fsnode * root,fsinfo_t * fsopts)680 ffs_populate_dir(const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
681 {
682 	fsnode		*cur;
683 	dirbuf_t	dirbuf;
684 	union dinode	din;
685 	void		*membuf;
686 	char		path[PATH_MAX + 1];
687 	ffs_opt_t	*ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
688 
689 	assert(dir != NULL);
690 	assert(root != NULL);
691 	assert(fsopts != NULL);
692 	assert(ffs_opts != NULL);
693 
694 	(void)memset(&dirbuf, 0, sizeof(dirbuf));
695 
696 		/*
697 		 * pass 1: allocate inode numbers, build directory `file'
698 		 */
699 	for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
700 		if ((cur->inode->flags & FI_ALLOCATED) == 0) {
701 			cur->inode->flags |= FI_ALLOCATED;
702 			if (cur == root && cur->parent != NULL)
703 				cur->inode->ino = cur->parent->inode->ino;
704 			else {
705 				cur->inode->ino = fsopts->curinode;
706 				fsopts->curinode++;
707 			}
708 		}
709 		ffs_make_dirbuf(&dirbuf, cur->name, cur);
710 		if (cur == root) {		/* we're at "."; add ".." */
711 			ffs_make_dirbuf(&dirbuf, "..",
712 			    cur->parent == NULL ? cur : cur->parent->first);
713 			root->inode->nlink++;	/* count my parent's link */
714 		} else if (cur->child != NULL)
715 			root->inode->nlink++;	/* count my child's link */
716 
717 		/*
718 		 * XXX	possibly write file and long symlinks here,
719 		 *	ensuring that blocks get written before inodes?
720 		 *	otoh, this isn't a real filesystem, so who
721 		 *	cares about ordering? :-)
722 		 */
723 	}
724 
725 		/*
726 		 * pass 2: write out dirbuf, then non-directories at this level
727 		 */
728 	for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
729 		if (cur->inode->flags & FI_WRITTEN)
730 			continue;		/* skip hard-linked entries */
731 		cur->inode->flags |= FI_WRITTEN;
732 
733 		if ((size_t)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s/%s", cur->root,
734 		    cur->path, cur->name) >= sizeof(path))
735 			errx(1, "Pathname too long.");
736 
737 		if (cur->child != NULL)
738 			continue;		/* child creates own inode */
739 
740 				/* build on-disk inode */
741 		if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
742 			membuf = ffs_build_dinode1(&din.ffs1_din, &dirbuf, cur,
743 			    root, fsopts);
744 		else
745 			membuf = ffs_build_dinode2(&din.ffs2_din, &dirbuf, cur,
746 			    root, fsopts);
747 
748 		if (membuf != NULL) {
749 			ffs_write_file(&din, cur->inode->ino, membuf, fsopts);
750 		} else if (S_ISREG(cur->type)) {
751 			ffs_write_file(&din, cur->inode->ino, path, fsopts);
752 		} else {
753 			assert (! S_ISDIR(cur->type));
754 			ffs_write_inode(&din, cur->inode->ino, fsopts);
755 		}
756 	}
757 
758 		/*
759 		 * pass 3: write out sub-directories
760 		 */
761 	for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
762 		if (cur->child == NULL)
763 			continue;
764 		if ((size_t)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", dir,
765 		    cur->name) >= sizeof(path))
766 			errx(1, "Pathname too long.");
767 		if (! ffs_populate_dir(path, cur->child, fsopts))
768 			return (0);
769 	}
770 
771 		/* cleanup */
772 	free(dirbuf.buf);
773 	return (1);
774 }
775 
776 
777 static void
ffs_write_file(union dinode * din,uint32_t ino,void * buf,fsinfo_t * fsopts)778 ffs_write_file(union dinode *din, uint32_t ino, void *buf, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
779 {
780 	int	isfile, ffd;
781 	char	*fbuf, *p;
782 	off_t	bufleft, chunk, offset;
783 	ssize_t nread;
784 	struct inode	in;
785 	struct mkfsbuf *	bp;
786 	ffs_opt_t	*ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
787 	struct mkfsvnode vp = { fsopts, NULL };
788 
789 	assert (din != NULL);
790 	assert (buf != NULL);
791 	assert (fsopts != NULL);
792 	assert (ffs_opts != NULL);
793 
794 	isfile = S_ISREG(DIP(din, mode));
795 	fbuf = NULL;
796 	ffd = -1;
797 	p = NULL;
798 
799 	in.i_fs = (struct fs *)fsopts->superblock;
800 	in.i_devvp = &vp;
801 
802 	in.i_number = ino;
803 	in.i_size = DIP(din, size);
804 	if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
805 		memcpy(&in.i_din.ffs1_din, &din->ffs1_din,
806 		    sizeof(in.i_din.ffs1_din));
807 	else
808 		memcpy(&in.i_din.ffs2_din, &din->ffs2_din,
809 		    sizeof(in.i_din.ffs2_din));
810 
811 	if (DIP(din, size) == 0)
812 		goto write_inode_and_leave;		/* mmm, cheating */
813 
814 	if (isfile) {
815 		fbuf = emalloc(ffs_opts->bsize);
816 		if ((ffd = open((char *)buf, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
817 			warn("Can't open `%s' for reading", (char *)buf);
818 			goto leave_ffs_write_file;
819 		}
820 	} else {
821 		p = buf;
822 	}
823 
824 	chunk = 0;
825 	for (bufleft = DIP(din, size); bufleft > 0; bufleft -= chunk) {
826 		chunk = MINIMUM(bufleft, ffs_opts->bsize);
827 		if (!isfile)
828 			;
829 		else if ((nread = read(ffd, fbuf, chunk)) == -1)
830 			err(1, "Reading `%s', %lld bytes to go", (char *)buf,
831 			    (long long)bufleft);
832 		else if (nread != chunk)
833 			errx(1, "Reading `%s', %lld bytes to go, "
834 			    "read %zd bytes, expected %ju bytes, does "
835 			    "metalog size= attribute mismatch source size?",
836 			    (char *)buf, (long long)bufleft, nread,
837 			    (uintmax_t)chunk);
838 		else
839 			p = fbuf;
840 		offset = DIP(din, size) - bufleft;
841 	/*
842 	 * XXX	if holey support is desired, do the check here
843 	 *
844 	 * XXX	might need to write out last bit in fragroundup
845 	 *	sized chunk. however, ffs_balloc() handles this for us
846 	 */
847 		errno = ffs_balloc(&in, offset, chunk, &bp);
848  bad_ffs_write_file:
849 		if (errno != 0)
850 			err(1,
851 			    "Writing inode %d (%s), bytes %lld + %lld",
852 			    ino,
853 			    isfile ? (char *)buf :
854 			      inode_type(DIP(din, mode) & S_IFMT),
855 			    (long long)offset, (long long)chunk);
856 		memcpy(bp->b_data, p, chunk);
857 		errno = bwrite(bp);
858 		if (errno != 0)
859 			goto bad_ffs_write_file;
860 		if (!isfile)
861 			p += chunk;
862 	}
863 
864  write_inode_and_leave:
865 	ffs_write_inode(&in.i_din, in.i_number, fsopts);
866 
867  leave_ffs_write_file:
868 	free(fbuf);
869 	if (ffd != -1)
870 		close(ffd);
871 }
872 
873 
874 static void
ffs_make_dirbuf(dirbuf_t * dbuf,const char * name,fsnode * node)875 ffs_make_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *dbuf, const char *name, fsnode *node)
876 {
877 	struct direct	de, *dp;
878 	uint16_t	llen;
879 	u_char		*newbuf;
880 
881 	assert (dbuf != NULL);
882 	assert (name != NULL);
883 	assert (node != NULL);
884 					/* create direct entry */
885 	(void)memset(&de, 0, sizeof(de));
886 	de.d_ino = node->inode->ino;
887 	de.d_type = IFTODT(node->type);
888 	de.d_namlen = (uint8_t)strlen(name);
889 	strlcpy(de.d_name, name, sizeof de.d_name);
890 	de.d_reclen = DIRSIZ(&de);
891 
892 	dp = (struct direct *)(dbuf->buf + dbuf->cur);
893 	llen = 0;
894 	if (dp != NULL)
895 		llen = DIRSIZ(dp);
896 
897 	if (de.d_reclen + dbuf->cur + llen > roundup(dbuf->size, DIRBLKSIZ)) {
898 		newbuf = erealloc(dbuf->buf, dbuf->size + DIRBLKSIZ);
899 		dbuf->buf = newbuf;
900 		dbuf->size += DIRBLKSIZ;
901 		memset(dbuf->buf + dbuf->size - DIRBLKSIZ, 0, DIRBLKSIZ);
902 		dbuf->cur = dbuf->size - DIRBLKSIZ;
903 	} else if (dp) {			/* shrink end of previous */
904 		dp->d_reclen = llen;
905 		dbuf->cur += llen;
906 	}
907 	dp = (struct direct *)(dbuf->buf + dbuf->cur);
908 	memcpy(dp, &de, de.d_reclen);
909 	dp->d_reclen = dbuf->size - dbuf->cur;
910 }
911 
912 /*
913  * cribbed from sys/ufs/ffs/ffs_alloc.c
914  */
915 static void
ffs_write_inode(union dinode * dp,uint32_t ino,const fsinfo_t * fsopts)916 ffs_write_inode(union dinode *dp, uint32_t ino, const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
917 {
918 	char		*buf;
919 	struct ufs1_dinode *dp1;
920 	struct ufs2_dinode *dp2, *dip;
921 	struct cg	*cgp;
922 	struct fs	*fs;
923 	int		cg, cgino, i;
924 	daddr_t		d;
925 	char		sbbuf[FFS_MAXBSIZE];
926 	uint32_t	initediblk;
927 	ffs_opt_t	*ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
928 
929 	assert (dp != NULL);
930 	assert (ino > 0);
931 	assert (fsopts != NULL);
932 	assert (ffs_opts != NULL);
933 
934 	fs = (struct fs *)fsopts->superblock;
935 	cg = ino_to_cg(fs, ino);
936 	cgino = ino % fs->fs_ipg;
937 
938 	ffs_rdfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgtod(fs, cg)), (int)fs->fs_cgsize, &sbbuf,
939 	    fsopts);
940 	cgp = (struct cg *)sbbuf;
941 	if (!cg_chkmagic(cgp))
942 		errx(1, "ffs_write_inode: cg %d: bad magic number", cg);
943 
944 	assert (isclr(cg_inosused(cgp), cgino));
945 
946 	buf = emalloc(fs->fs_bsize);
947 	dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)buf;
948 	dp2 = (struct ufs2_dinode *)buf;
949 
950 	if (fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree == 0)
951 		errx(1, "ffs_write_inode: fs out of inodes for ino %u",
952 		    ino);
953 	if (fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_nifree == 0)
954 		errx(1,
955 		    "ffs_write_inode: cg %d out of inodes for ino %u",
956 		    cg, ino);
957 	setbit(cg_inosused(cgp), cgino);
958 	cgp->cg_cs.cs_nifree -= 1;
959 	fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree--;
960 	fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_nifree--;
961 	if (S_ISDIR(DIP(dp, mode))) {
962 		cgp->cg_cs.cs_ndir += 1;
963 		fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir++;
964 		fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_ndir++;
965 	}
966 
967 	/*
968 	 * Initialize inode blocks on the fly for UFS2.
969 	 */
970 	initediblk = cgp->cg_initediblk;
971 	if (ffs_opts->version == 2 &&
972 	    (uint32_t)(cgino + INOPB(fs)) > initediblk &&
973 	    initediblk < cgp->cg_ffs2_niblk) {
974 		memset(buf, 0, fs->fs_bsize);
975 		dip = (struct ufs2_dinode *)buf;
976 		for (i = 0; i < INOPB(fs); i++) {
977 			dip->di_gen = random() / 2 + 1;
978 			dip++;
979 		}
980 		ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs,
981 				  cg * fs->fs_ipg + initediblk)),
982 		    fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts);
983 		initediblk += INOPB(fs);
984 		cgp->cg_initediblk = initediblk;
985 	}
986 
987 
988 	ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgtod(fs, cg)), (int)fs->fs_cgsize, &sbbuf,
989 	    fsopts);
990 
991 					/* now write inode */
992 	d = fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, ino));
993 	ffs_rdfs(d, fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts);
994 	if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
995 		dp1[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)] = dp->ffs1_din;
996 	else
997 		dp2[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)] = dp->ffs2_din;
998 	ffs_wtfs(d, fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts);
999 	free(buf);
1000 }
1001