riscv64/dev/plic.c

/*	$OpenBSD: plic.c,v 1.13 2024/09/04 07:54:51 mglocker Exp $	*/

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2020, Mars Li <mengshi.li.mars@gmail.com>
 * Copyright (c) 2020, Brian Bamsch <bbamsch@google.com>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/device.h>
#include <sys/evcount.h>

#include <machine/bus.h>
#include <machine/fdt.h>
#include <machine/cpu.h>
#include <machine/sbi.h>
#include "riscv64/dev/riscv_cpu_intc.h"

#include <dev/ofw/openfirm.h>
#include <dev/ofw/fdt.h>

/*
 * This driver implements a version of the RISC-V PLIC with the actual layout
 * specified in chapter 8 of the SiFive U5 Coreplex Series Manual:
 *
 *     https://static.dev.sifive.com/U54-MC-RVCoreIP.pdf
 *
 * The largest number supported by devices marked as 'sifive,plic-1.0.0', is
 * 1024, of which device 0 is defined as non-existent by the RISC-V Privileged
 * Spec.
 */

#define	PLIC_MAX_IRQS		1024

#define	PLIC_PRIORITY_BASE	0x000000U

#define	PLIC_ENABLE_BASE	0x002000U
#define	PLIC_ENABLE_STRIDE	0x80U
#define	IRQ_ENABLE		1
#define	IRQ_DISABLE		0

#define	PLIC_CONTEXT_BASE	0x200000U
#define	PLIC_CONTEXT_STRIDE	0x1000U
#define	PLIC_CONTEXT_THRESHOLD	0x0U
#define	PLIC_CONTEXT_CLAIM	0x4U

#define	PLIC_PRIORITY(n)	(PLIC_PRIORITY_BASE + (n) * sizeof(uint32_t))
#define	PLIC_ENABLE(sc, n, h)						\
    (sc->sc_contexts[h].enable_offset + ((n) / 32) * sizeof(uint32_t))
#define	PLIC_THRESHOLD(sc, h)						\
    (sc->sc_contexts[h].context_offset + PLIC_CONTEXT_THRESHOLD)
#define	PLIC_CLAIM(sc, h)						\
    (sc->sc_contexts[h].context_offset + PLIC_CONTEXT_CLAIM)


struct plic_intrhand {
	TAILQ_ENTRY(plic_intrhand) ih_list; /* link on intrq list */
	int (*ih_func)(void *);		/* handler */
	void *ih_arg;			/* arg for handler */
	int ih_ipl;			/* IPL_* */
	int ih_flags;
	int ih_irq;			/* IRQ number */
	struct evcount	ih_count;
	char *ih_name;
	struct cpu_info *ih_ci;
};

/*
 * One interrupt source could have multiple handler attached,
 * each handler could have different priority level,
 * we track the max and min priority level.
 */
struct plic_irqsrc {
	TAILQ_HEAD(, plic_intrhand) is_list; /* handler list */
	int	is_irq_max;	/* IRQ to mask while handling */
	int	is_irq_min;	/* lowest IRQ when shared */
};

struct plic_context {
	bus_size_t enable_offset;
	bus_size_t context_offset;
};

struct plic_softc {
	struct device		sc_dev;
	int			sc_node;
	bus_space_tag_t		sc_iot;
	bus_space_handle_t	sc_ioh;
	struct plic_irqsrc	*sc_isrcs;
	struct plic_context	sc_contexts[MAXCPUS];
	int			sc_ndev;
	struct interrupt_controller	sc_intc;
};
struct plic_softc *plic = NULL;

int	plic_match(struct device *, void *, void *);
void	plic_attach(struct device *, struct device *, void *);
int	plic_irq_handler(void *);
int	plic_irq_dispatch(uint32_t, void *);
void	*plic_intr_establish(int, int, struct cpu_info *,
	    int (*)(void *), void *, char *);
void	*plic_intr_establish_fdt(void *, int *, int, struct cpu_info *,
	    int (*)(void *), void *, char *);
void	plic_intr_disestablish(void *);
void	plic_intr_route(void *, int, struct cpu_info *);
void	plic_intr_barrier(void *);

void	plic_splx(int);
int	plic_spllower(int);
int	plic_splraise(int);
void	plic_setipl(int);
void	plic_calc_mask(void);

/* helper function */
int	plic_get_cpuid(int);
void	plic_set_priority(int, uint32_t);
void	plic_set_threshold(int, uint32_t);
void	plic_intr_route_grid(int, int, int);
void	plic_intr_enable_with_pri(int, uint32_t, int);
void	plic_intr_disable(int, int);


const struct cfattach plic_ca = {
	sizeof(struct plic_softc), plic_match, plic_attach,
};

struct cfdriver plic_cd = {
	NULL, "plic", DV_DULL
};

int plic_attached = 0;

int
plic_match(struct device *parent, void *cfdata, void *aux)
{
	struct fdt_attach_args *faa = aux;

	if (plic_attached)
		return 0; // Only expect one instance of PLIC

	return (OF_is_compatible(faa->fa_node, "riscv,plic0") ||
	    OF_is_compatible(faa->fa_node, "sifive,plic-1.0.0") ||
	    OF_is_compatible(faa->fa_node, "thead,c900-plic"));
}

void
plic_attach(struct device *parent, struct device *dev, void *aux)
{
	struct plic_softc *sc;
	struct fdt_attach_args *faa;
	uint32_t *cells;
	uint32_t irq;
	int cpu;
	int node;
	int len;
	int ncell;
	int context;
	int i;
	struct cpu_info *ci;
	CPU_INFO_ITERATOR cii;

	if (plic_attached)
		return;

	plic = sc = (struct plic_softc *)dev;
	faa = (struct fdt_attach_args *)aux;

	if (faa->fa_nreg < 1)
		return;

	sc->sc_node = node = faa->fa_node;
	sc->sc_iot = faa->fa_iot;

	/* determine number of devices sending intr to this ic */
	sc->sc_ndev = OF_getpropint(faa->fa_node, "riscv,ndev", -1);
	if (sc->sc_ndev < 0) {
		printf(": unable to resolve number of devices\n");
		return;
	}

	if (sc->sc_ndev >= PLIC_MAX_IRQS) {
		printf(": invalid ndev (%d)\n", sc->sc_ndev);
		return;
	}

	/* map interrupt controller to va space */
	if (bus_space_map(sc->sc_iot, faa->fa_reg[0].addr,
	    faa->fa_reg[0].size, 0, &sc->sc_ioh))
		panic("%s: bus_space_map failed!", __func__);

	sc->sc_isrcs = mallocarray(PLIC_MAX_IRQS, sizeof(struct plic_irqsrc),
			M_DEVBUF, M_ZERO | M_NOWAIT);

	for (irq = 1; irq <= sc->sc_ndev; irq++) {
		TAILQ_INIT(&sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_list);
		plic_set_priority(irq, 0);// Mask interrupt
	}

	/*
	 * Calculate the per-cpu enable and context register offsets.
	 *
	 * This is tricky for a few reasons. The PLIC divides the interrupt
	 * enable, threshold, and claim bits by "context"
	 *
	 * The tricky part is that the PLIC spec imposes no restrictions on how
	 * these contexts are laid out. So for example, there is no guarantee
	 * that each CPU will have both a machine mode and supervisor context,
	 * or that different PLIC implementations will organize the context
	 * registers in the same way. On top of this, we must handle the fact
	 * that cpuid != hartid, as they may have been renumbered during boot.
	 * We perform the following steps:
	 *
	 * 1. Examine the PLIC's "interrupts-extended" property and skip any
	 *    entries that are not for supervisor external interrupts.
	 *
	 * 2. Walk up the device tree to find the corresponding CPU, using node
	 *    property to identify the cpuid.
	 *
	 * 3. Calculate the register offsets based on the context number.
	 */
	len = OF_getproplen(node, "interrupts-extended");
	if (len <= 0) {
		printf(": could not find interrupts-extended\n");
		return;
	}

	cells = malloc(len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
	ncell = len / sizeof(*cells);
	if (OF_getpropintarray(node, "interrupts-extended", cells, len) < 0) {
		printf(": failed to read interrupts-extended\n");
		free(cells, M_TEMP, len);
		return;
	}

	for (i = 0, context = 0; i < ncell; i += 2, context++) {
		/* Skip M-mode external interrupts */
		if (cells[i + 1] != IRQ_EXTERNAL_SUPERVISOR)
			continue;

		/* Get the corresponding cpuid. */
		cpu = plic_get_cpuid(OF_getnodebyphandle(cells[i]));
		if (cpu < 0)
			continue;

		/*
		 * Set the enable and context register offsets for the CPU.
		 *
		 * We assume S-mode handler always comes later than M-mode
		 * handler, but this might be a little fragile.
		 *
		 * XXX
		 * sifive spec doesn't list hart0 S-mode enable/contexts
		 * in its memory map, but QEMU emulates hart0 S-mode
		 * enable/contexts? Otherwise the following offset calculation
		 * would point to hart1 M-mode enable/contexts.
		 */
		sc->sc_contexts[cpu].enable_offset = PLIC_ENABLE_BASE +
		    context * PLIC_ENABLE_STRIDE;
		sc->sc_contexts[cpu].context_offset = PLIC_CONTEXT_BASE +
		    context * PLIC_CONTEXT_STRIDE;
	}

	free(cells, M_TEMP, len);

	/* Set CPU interrupt priority thresholds to minimum */
	CPU_INFO_FOREACH(cii, ci) {
		plic_set_threshold(ci->ci_cpuid, 0);
	}

	plic_setipl(IPL_HIGH);  /* XXX ??? */
	plic_calc_mask();

	/*
	 * insert self into the external interrupt handler entry in
	 * global interrupt handler vector
	 */
	riscv_intc_intr_establish(IRQ_EXTERNAL_SUPERVISOR, 0,
			plic_irq_handler, NULL, "plic0");

	/*
	 * From now on, spl update must be enforced to plic, so
	 * spl* routine should be updated.
	 */
	riscv_set_intr_func(plic_splraise, plic_spllower,
			plic_splx, plic_setipl);

	plic_attached = 1;

	/* enable external interrupt */
	csr_set(sie, SIE_SEIE);

	sc->sc_intc.ic_node = faa->fa_node;
	sc->sc_intc.ic_cookie = sc;
	sc->sc_intc.ic_establish = plic_intr_establish_fdt;
	sc->sc_intc.ic_disestablish = plic_intr_disestablish;
	sc->sc_intc.ic_route = plic_intr_route;
	// sc->sc_intc.ic_cpu_enable = XXX Per-CPU Initialization?
	sc->sc_intc.ic_barrier = plic_intr_barrier;

	riscv_intr_register_fdt(&sc->sc_intc);

	printf("\n");
}

int
plic_irq_handler(void *frame)
{
	struct plic_softc* sc;
	uint32_t pending;
	uint32_t cpu;
	int handled = 0;

	sc = plic;
	cpu = cpu_number();

	pending = bus_space_read_4(sc->sc_iot, sc->sc_ioh,
			PLIC_CLAIM(sc, cpu));

	if (pending >= sc->sc_ndev) {
		printf("plic0: pending %x\n", pending);
		return 0;
	}

	if (pending) {
		handled = plic_irq_dispatch(pending, frame);
		bus_space_write_4(sc->sc_iot, sc->sc_ioh,
				PLIC_CLAIM(sc, cpu), pending);

//#define DEBUG_INTC
#ifdef DEBUG_INTC
		if (handled == 0) {
			printf("plic handled == 0 on pending %d\n", pending);
		}
#endif /* DEBUG_INTC */
	}

	return handled;
}

int
plic_irq_dispatch(uint32_t irq,	void *frame)
{
	int pri, s;
	int handled = 0;
	struct plic_softc* sc;
	struct plic_intrhand *ih;
	void *arg;

#ifdef DEBUG_INTC
	printf("plic irq %d fired\n", irq);
#endif

	sc = plic;
	pri = sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_irq_max;
	s = plic_splraise(pri);
	TAILQ_FOREACH(ih, &sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_list, ih_list) {
#ifdef MULTIPROCESSOR
		int need_lock;

		if (ih->ih_flags & IPL_MPSAFE)
			need_lock = 0;
		else
			need_lock = s < IPL_SCHED;

		if (need_lock)
			KERNEL_LOCK();
#endif

		if (ih->ih_arg)
			arg = ih->ih_arg;
		else
			arg = frame;

		intr_enable();
		handled = ih->ih_func(arg);
		intr_disable();
		if (handled)
			ih->ih_count.ec_count++;

#ifdef MULTIPROCESSOR
		if (need_lock)
			KERNEL_UNLOCK();
#endif
	}

	plic_splx(s);
	return handled;
}

void *
plic_intr_establish(int irqno, int level, struct cpu_info *ci,
    int (*func)(void *), void *arg, char *name)
{
	struct plic_softc *sc = plic;
	struct plic_intrhand *ih;
	u_long sie;

	if (irqno < 0 || irqno >= PLIC_MAX_IRQS)
		panic("plic_intr_establish: bogus irqnumber %d: %s",
		    irqno, name);

	if (ci == NULL)
		ci = &cpu_info_primary;

	ih = malloc(sizeof *ih, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
	ih->ih_func = func;
	ih->ih_arg = arg;
	ih->ih_ipl = level & IPL_IRQMASK;
	ih->ih_flags = level & IPL_FLAGMASK;
	ih->ih_irq = irqno;
	ih->ih_name = name;
	ih->ih_ci = ci;

	sie = intr_disable();

	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sc->sc_isrcs[irqno].is_list, ih, ih_list);

	if (name != NULL)
		evcount_attach(&ih->ih_count, name, &ih->ih_irq);

#ifdef DEBUG_INTC
	printf("%s irq %d level %d [%s]\n", __func__, irqno, level,
	    name);
#endif

	plic_calc_mask();

	intr_restore(sie);
	return (ih);
}

void *
plic_intr_establish_fdt(void *cookie, int *cell, int level,
    struct cpu_info *ci, int (*func)(void *), void *arg, char *name)
{
	return plic_intr_establish(cell[0], level, ci, func, arg, name);
}

void
plic_intr_disestablish(void *cookie)
{
	struct plic_softc *sc = plic;
	struct plic_intrhand *ih = cookie;
	int irqno = ih->ih_irq;
	u_long sie;

	sie = intr_disable();

	TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_isrcs[irqno].is_list, ih, ih_list);
	if (ih->ih_name != NULL)
		evcount_detach(&ih->ih_count);

	intr_restore(sie);

	free(ih, M_DEVBUF, 0);
}

void
plic_intr_route(void *cookie, int enable, struct cpu_info *ci)
{
	struct plic_softc	*sc = plic;
	struct plic_intrhand	*ih = cookie;

	int		irq = ih->ih_irq;
	int		cpu = ci->ci_cpuid;
	uint32_t	min_pri = sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_irq_min;

	if (enable == IRQ_ENABLE) {
		plic_intr_enable_with_pri(irq, min_pri, cpu);
	} else {
		plic_intr_route_grid(irq, IRQ_DISABLE, cpu);
	}
}

void
plic_intr_barrier(void *cookie)
{
	struct plic_intrhand *ih = cookie;

	sched_barrier(ih->ih_ci);
}

void
plic_splx(int new)
{
	/* XXX
	 * how to do pending external interrupt ?
	 * After set the new threshold, if there is any pending
	 * external interrupts whose priority is now greater than the
	 * threshold, they will get passed through plic to cpu,
	 * trigger a new claim/complete cycle.
	 * So there is no need to handle pending external intr here.
	 *
	 */
	struct cpu_info *ci = curcpu();

	/* Pending software intr is handled here */
	if (ci->ci_ipending & riscv_smask[new])
		riscv_do_pending_intr(new);

	plic_setipl(new);
}

int
plic_spllower(int new)
{
	struct cpu_info *ci = curcpu();
	int old = ci->ci_cpl;
	plic_splx(new);
	return (old);
}

int
plic_splraise(int new)
{
	struct cpu_info *ci = curcpu();
	int old;
	old = ci->ci_cpl;

	/*
	 * setipl must always be called because there is a race window
	 * where the variable is updated before the mask is set
	 * an interrupt occurs in that window without the mask always
	 * being set, the hardware might not get updated on the next
	 * splraise completely messing up spl protection.
	 */
	if (old > new)
		new = old;

	plic_setipl(new);

	return (old);
}

void
plic_setipl(int new)
{
	struct cpu_info		*ci = curcpu();
	u_long sie;

	/* disable here is only to keep hardware in sync with ci->ci_cpl */
	sie = intr_disable();
	ci->ci_cpl = new;

	/* higher values are higher priority */
	plic_set_threshold(ci->ci_cpuid, new);

	/* trigger deferred timer interrupt if cpl is now low enough */
	if (ci->ci_timer_deferred && new < IPL_CLOCK)
		sbi_set_timer(0);

	intr_restore(sie);
}

 /*
  * update the max/min priority for an interrupt src,
  * and enforce the updated priority to plic.
  * this should be called whenever a new handler is attached.
  */
void
plic_calc_mask(void)
{
	struct cpu_info		*ci = curcpu();
	struct plic_softc	*sc = plic;
	struct plic_intrhand	*ih;
	int			irq;

	/* PLIC irq 0 is reserved, thus we start from 1 */
	for (irq = 1; irq <= sc->sc_ndev; irq++) {
		int max = IPL_NONE;
		int min = IPL_HIGH;
		TAILQ_FOREACH(ih, &sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_list, ih_list) {
			if (ih->ih_ipl > max)
				max = ih->ih_ipl;

			if (ih->ih_ipl < min)
				min = ih->ih_ipl;
		}

		if (max == IPL_NONE)
			min = IPL_NONE;

		if (sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_irq_max == max &&
		    sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_irq_min == min)
			continue;

		sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_irq_max = max;
		sc->sc_isrcs[irq].is_irq_min = min;

		/* Enable interrupts at lower levels, clear -> enable */
		/* Set interrupt priority/enable */
		if (min != IPL_NONE) {
			plic_intr_enable_with_pri(irq, min, ci->ci_cpuid);
		} else {
			plic_intr_disable(irq, ci->ci_cpuid);
		}
	}

	plic_setipl(ci->ci_cpl);
}

/***************** helper functions *****************/

/*
 * OpenBSD saves cpu node info in ci struct, so we can search
 * cpuid by node matching
 */
int
plic_get_cpuid(int intc)
{
	uint32_t hart;
	int parent_node;
	struct cpu_info *ci;
	CPU_INFO_ITERATOR cii;

	/* Check the interrupt controller layout. */
	if (OF_getpropintarray(intc, "#interrupt-cells", &hart,
	    sizeof(hart)) < 0) {
		printf(": could not find #interrupt-cells for phandle %u\n", intc);
		return (-1);
	}

	/*
	 * The parent of the interrupt-controller is the CPU we are
	 * interested in, so search for its OF node index.
	 */
	parent_node = OF_parent(intc);
	CPU_INFO_FOREACH(cii, ci) {
		if (ci->ci_node == parent_node)
			return ci->ci_cpuid;
	}
	return -1;
}

/* update priority for intr src 'irq' */
void
plic_set_priority(int irq, uint32_t pri)
{
	struct plic_softc	*sc = plic;
	uint32_t		prival;

	/*
	 * sifive plic only has 0 - 7 priority levels, yet OpenBSD defines
	 * 0 - 12 priority levels(level 1 - 4 are for SOFT*, level 12
	 * is for IPI. They should NEVER be passed to plic.
	 * So we calculate plic priority in the following way:
	 */
	if (pri <= 4 || pri >= 12)//invalid input
		prival = 0;//effectively disable this intr source
	else
		prival = pri - 4;

	bus_space_write_4(sc->sc_iot, sc->sc_ioh,
			PLIC_PRIORITY(irq), prival);
}

/* update threshold for 'cpu' */
void
plic_set_threshold(int cpu, uint32_t threshold)
{
	struct plic_softc	*sc = plic;
	uint32_t		prival;

	if (threshold < 4) // enable everything (as far as plic is concerned)
		prival = 0;
	else if (threshold >= 12) // invalid priority level ?
		prival = IPL_HIGH - 4; // XXX Device-specific high threshold
	else // everything else
		prival = threshold - 4; // XXX Device-specific threshold offset

	bus_space_write_4(sc->sc_iot, sc->sc_ioh,
			PLIC_THRESHOLD(sc, cpu), prival);
}

/*
 * turns on/off the route from intr source 'irq'
 * to context 'ci' based on 'enable'
 */
void
plic_intr_route_grid(int irq, int enable, int cpu)
{
	struct plic_softc	*sc = plic;
	uint32_t		val, mask;

	if (irq == 0)
		return;

	KASSERT(cpu < MAXCPUS);

	mask = (1 << (irq % 32));
	val = bus_space_read_4(sc->sc_iot, sc->sc_ioh,
			PLIC_ENABLE(sc, irq, cpu));
	if (enable == IRQ_ENABLE)
		val |= mask;
	else
		val &= ~mask;

	bus_space_write_4(sc->sc_iot, sc->sc_ioh,
			PLIC_ENABLE(sc, irq, cpu), val);
}

/*
 * Enable intr src 'irq' to cpu 'cpu' by setting:
 * - priority
 * - threshold
 * - enable bit
 */
void
plic_intr_enable_with_pri(int irq, uint32_t min_pri, int cpu)
{
	plic_set_priority(irq, min_pri);
	plic_set_threshold(cpu, min_pri-1);
	plic_intr_route_grid(irq, IRQ_ENABLE, cpu);
}

void
plic_intr_disable(int irq, int cpu)
{
	plic_set_priority(irq, 0);
	plic_set_threshold(cpu, IPL_HIGH);
	plic_intr_route_grid(irq, IRQ_DISABLE, cpu);
}
/***************** end of helper functions *****************/