1.\" $OpenBSD: mail.local.8,v 1.33 2022/03/31 17:27:19 naddy Exp $ 2.\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California. 3.\" All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7.\" are met: 8.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 14.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 15.\" without specific prior written permission. 16.\" 17.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 18.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 19.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 20.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 21.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 22.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 23.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 24.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 25.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 26.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 27.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 28.\" 29.\" from: @(#)mail.local.8 6.8 (Berkeley) 4/27/91 30.\" 31.Dd $Mdocdate: March 31 2022 $ 32.Dt MAIL.LOCAL 8 33.Os 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm mail.local 36.Nd store mail in a mailbox 37.Sh SYNOPSIS 38.Nm mail.local 39.Op Fl Ll 40.Op Fl f Ar from 41.Ar user ... 42.Sh DESCRIPTION 43.Nm 44reads the standard input up to an end-of-file and appends it to each 45.Ar user Ns 's 46.Pa mail 47file. 48The 49.Ar user 50must be a valid user name. 51.Pp 52The options are as follows: 53.Bl -tag -width Ds 54.It Fl f Ar from 55Specify the sender's name. 56.It Fl L 57Don't create a 58.Pa username.lock 59file while locking the spool. 60.It Fl l 61For compatibility, request that files named 62.Pa username.lock 63be used for locking. 64(This is the default behavior.) 65.El 66.Pp 67Individual mail messages in the mailbox are delimited by an empty 68line followed by a line beginning with the string 69.Dq "From\&\ " . 70A line containing the string 71.Dq "From\&\ " , 72the sender's name and a timestamp is prepended to each delivered mail message. 73A blank line is appended to each message. 74A greater-than character 75.Pq Ql > 76is prepended to any line in the message which could be mistaken for a 77.Dq "From\&\ " 78delimiter line. 79.Pp 80Significant effort has been made to ensure that 81.Nm 82acts as securely as possible. 83It will only deliver to a mail spool directory that is not world-writable. 84The default mode of 85.Pa /var/mail 86on 87.Ox 88is 755, which prevents non-root processes from creating mail spool files. 89The MTA is expected to either create the mail spool file itself, or call 90.Nm 91as root. 92.Pp 93The mailbox is always locked using 94.Xr flock 2 95while mail is appended. 96Unless the 97.Fl L 98flag is specified, a 99.Pa username.lock 100file is also used. 101.Pp 102If the 103.Xr biff 1 104service is returned by 105.Xr getservbyname 3 , 106the biff server is notified of delivered mail. 107.Sh ENVIRONMENT 108.Bl -tag -width indent 109.It Ev TZ 110Used to set the appropriate time zone on the timestamp. 111.El 112.Sh FILES 113.Bl -tag -width /tmp/local.XXXXXXXXXX -compact 114.It Pa /tmp/local.XXXXXXXXXX 115temporary files 116.It Pa /var/mail/user 117user's mailbox directory 118.El 119.Sh EXIT STATUS 120.Ex -std mail.local 121.Sh SEE ALSO 122.Xr biff 1 , 123.Xr mail 1 , 124.Xr flock 2 , 125.Xr getservbyname 3 , 126.Xr comsat 8 , 127.Xr smtpd 8 128.Sh HISTORY 129A superset of 130.Nm 131(handling mailbox reading as well as mail delivery) appeared in 132.At v7 133as the program 134.Xr mail 1 . 135.Sh BUGS 136Using quotas in 137.Pa /var/mail 138can be problematic if using 139.Xr sendmail 8 140as an MTA, 141since it asks 142.Nm 143to deliver a message to multiple recipients if possible. 144This causes problems in a quota environment since a message may be 145delivered to some users but not others due to disk quotas. 146Even though the message was delivered to some of the recipients, 147.Nm 148will exit with an exit code > 0, causing 149.Xr sendmail 8 150to attempt redelivery later. 151That means that some users will keep getting the same message every time 152.Xr sendmail 8 153runs its queue. 154This problem does not exist for 155.Xr smtpd 8 156users. 157.Pp 158If you are running 159.Xr sendmail 8 160and have disk quotas on 161.Pa /var/mail , 162it is imperative that you unset the 163.Dq m 164mailer flag for the 165.Sq local 166mailer. 167To do this, locate the line beginning with 168.Dq Mlocal 169in 170.Pa /etc/mail/sendmail.cf 171and remove the 172.Dq m 173from the flags section, denoted by 174.Dq F= . 175Alternately, you can override the default mailer flags by adding the line: 176.Pp 177.Dl define(`LOCAL_MAILER_FLAGS', `rn9S')dnl 178.Pp 179to your 180.Dq \.mc 181file (this is the source file that is used to generate 182.Pa /etc/mail/sendmail.cf ) . 183