xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/installboot/ext2fs.c (revision 2737439da3df76636a820aa9670992f3f3c54c56)
1 /*	$NetBSD: ext2fs.c,v 1.9 2013/06/23 02:06:06 dholland Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1997 Manuel Bouyer.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 /*-
28  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
29  * All rights reserved.
30  *
31  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
32  * by Matt Fredette.
33  *
34  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
35  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
36  * are met:
37  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
38  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
39  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
41  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
42  *
43  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
44  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
45  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
46  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
47  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
48  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
49  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
50  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
51  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
52  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
53  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
54  */
55 
56 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
57 #include "nbtool_config.h"
58 #endif
59 
60 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
61 #if !defined(__lint)
62 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ext2fs.c,v 1.9 2013/06/23 02:06:06 dholland Exp $");
63 #endif	/* !__lint */
64 
65 #include <sys/param.h>
66 
67 #if !HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
68 #include <sys/mount.h>
69 #endif
70 
71 #include <assert.h>
72 #include <err.h>
73 #include <errno.h>
74 #include <fcntl.h>
75 #include <stdarg.h>
76 #include <stdio.h>
77 #include <stdlib.h>
78 #include <string.h>
79 #include <unistd.h>
80 
81 #include "installboot.h"
82 
83 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs_dinode.h>
84 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs_dir.h>
85 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs.h>
86 
87 static int	ext2fs_read_disk_block(ib_params *, uint64_t, int, uint8_t []);
88 static int	ext2fs_read_sblock(ib_params *, struct m_ext2fs *fs);
89 static int	ext2fs_read_gdblock(ib_params *, struct m_ext2fs *fs);
90 static int	ext2fs_find_disk_blocks(ib_params *, ino_t,
91 		    int (*)(ib_params *, void *, uint64_t, uint32_t), void *);
92 static int	ext2fs_findstage2_ino(ib_params *, void *, uint64_t, uint32_t);
93 static int	ext2fs_findstage2_blocks(ib_params *, void *, uint64_t,
94 		    uint32_t);
95 
96 
97 /* This reads a disk block from the file system. */
98 /* XXX: should be shared with ffs.c? */
99 static int
ext2fs_read_disk_block(ib_params * params,uint64_t blkno,int size,uint8_t blk[])100 ext2fs_read_disk_block(ib_params *params, uint64_t blkno, int size,
101     uint8_t blk[])
102 {
103 	int rv;
104 
105 	assert(params != NULL);
106 	assert(params->filesystem != NULL);
107 	assert(params->fsfd != -1);
108 	assert(size > 0);
109 	assert(blk != NULL);
110 
111 	rv = pread(params->fsfd, blk, size, blkno * params->sectorsize);
112 	if (rv == -1) {
113 		warn("Reading block %llu in `%s'",
114 		    (unsigned long long)blkno, params->filesystem);
115 		return 0;
116 	} else if (rv != size) {
117 		warnx("Reading block %llu in `%s': short read",
118 		    (unsigned long long)blkno, params->filesystem);
119 		return 0;
120 	}
121 
122 	return 1;
123 }
124 
125 static int
ext2fs_read_sblock(ib_params * params,struct m_ext2fs * fs)126 ext2fs_read_sblock(ib_params *params, struct m_ext2fs *fs)
127 {
128 	uint8_t sbbuf[SBSIZE];
129 
130 	if (ext2fs_read_disk_block(params, SBOFF / params->sectorsize, SBSIZE,
131 	    sbbuf) == 0)
132 
133 	e2fs_sbload((void *)sbbuf, &fs->e2fs);
134 
135 	if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_magic != E2FS_MAGIC)
136 		return 0;
137 
138 	if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_rev > E2FS_REV1 ||
139 	    (fs->e2fs.e2fs_rev == E2FS_REV1 &&
140 	     (fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_ino != EXT2_FIRSTINO ||
141 	      fs->e2fs.e2fs_inode_size != EXT2_DINODE_SIZE ||
142 	      (fs->e2fs.e2fs_features_incompat & ~EXT2F_INCOMPAT_SUPP) != 0)))
143 		return 0;
144 
145 	fs->e2fs_ncg =
146 	    howmany(fs->e2fs.e2fs_bcount - fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_dblock,
147 	    fs->e2fs.e2fs_bpg);
148 	/* XXX assume hw bsize = 512 */
149 	fs->e2fs_fsbtodb = fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize + 1;
150 	fs->e2fs_bsize = MINBSIZE << fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize;
151 	fs->e2fs_bshift = LOG_MINBSIZE + fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize;
152 	fs->e2fs_qbmask = fs->e2fs_bsize - 1;
153 	fs->e2fs_bmask = ~fs->e2fs_qbmask;
154 	fs->e2fs_ngdb =
155 	    howmany(fs->e2fs_ncg, fs->e2fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ext2_gd));
156 	fs->e2fs_ipb = fs->e2fs_bsize / EXT2_DINODE_SIZE;
157 	fs->e2fs_itpg = fs->e2fs.e2fs_ipg / fs->e2fs_ipb;
158 
159 	return 1;
160 }
161 
162 static int
ext2fs_read_gdblock(ib_params * params,struct m_ext2fs * fs)163 ext2fs_read_gdblock(ib_params *params, struct m_ext2fs *fs)
164 {
165 	uint8_t gdbuf[MAXBSIZE];
166 	uint32_t gdpb;
167 	int i;
168 
169 	gdpb = fs->e2fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ext2_gd);
170 
171 	for (i = 0; i < fs->e2fs_ngdb; i++) {
172 		if (ext2fs_read_disk_block(params, EXT2_FSBTODB(fs,
173 		    fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_dblock + 1 /* superblock */ + i),
174 		    SBSIZE, gdbuf) == 0)
175 			return 0;
176 
177 		e2fs_cgload((struct ext2_gd *)gdbuf, &fs->e2fs_gd[gdpb * i],
178 		    (i == (fs->e2fs_ngdb - 1)) ?
179 		    (fs->e2fs_ncg - gdpb * i) * sizeof(struct ext2_gd):
180 		    fs->e2fs_bsize);
181 	}
182 
183 	return 1;
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * This iterates over the data blocks belonging to an inode,
188  * making a callback each iteration with the disk block number
189  * and the size.
190  */
191 static int
ext2fs_find_disk_blocks(ib_params * params,ino_t ino,int (* callback)(ib_params *,void *,uint64_t,uint32_t),void * state)192 ext2fs_find_disk_blocks(ib_params *params, ino_t ino,
193 	int (*callback)(ib_params *, void *, uint64_t, uint32_t),
194 	void *state)
195 {
196 	uint8_t sbbuf[sizeof(struct m_ext2fs)];
197 	struct m_ext2fs *fs;
198 	uint8_t inodebuf[MAXBSIZE];
199 	struct ext2fs_dinode inode_store, *inode;
200 	int level_i;
201 	int32_t blk, lblk, nblk;
202 	int rv;
203 #define LEVELS 4
204 	struct {
205 		uint32_t *blknums;
206 		unsigned long blkcount;
207 		uint8_t diskbuf[MAXBSIZE];
208 	} level[LEVELS];
209 
210 	assert(params != NULL);
211 	assert(params->fstype != NULL);
212 	assert(callback != NULL);
213 	assert(state != NULL);
214 
215 	/* Read the superblock. */
216 	fs = (void *)sbbuf;
217 	if (ext2fs_read_sblock(params, fs) == 0)
218 		return 0;
219 
220 	fs->e2fs_gd = malloc(sizeof(struct ext2_gd) * fs->e2fs_ncg);
221 	if (fs->e2fs_gd == NULL) {
222 		warnx("Can't allocate memofy for group descriptors");
223 		return 0;
224 	}
225 
226 	if (ext2fs_read_gdblock(params, fs) == 0) {
227 		warnx("Can't read group descriptors");
228 		return 0;
229 	}
230 
231 	if (fs->e2fs_ipb <= 0) {
232 		warnx("Bad ipb %d in superblock in `%s'",
233 		    fs->e2fs_ipb, params->filesystem);
234 		return 0;
235 	}
236 
237 	/* Read the inode. */
238 	if (ext2fs_read_disk_block(params,
239 		EXT2_FSBTODB(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, ino)) + params->fstype->offset,
240 		fs->e2fs_bsize, inodebuf))
241 		return 0;
242 	inode = (void *)inodebuf;
243 	e2fs_iload(&inode[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)], &inode_store);
244 	inode = &inode_store;
245 
246 	/* Get the block count and initialize for our block walk. */
247 	nblk = howmany(inode->e2di_size, fs->e2fs_bsize);
248 	lblk = 0;
249 	level_i = 0;
250 	level[0].blknums = &inode->e2di_blocks[0];
251 	level[0].blkcount = UFS_NDADDR;
252 	level[1].blknums = &inode->e2di_blocks[UFS_NDADDR + 0];
253 	level[1].blkcount = 1;
254 	level[2].blknums = &inode->e2di_blocks[UFS_NDADDR + 1];
255 	level[2].blkcount = 1;
256 	level[3].blknums = &inode->e2di_blocks[UFS_NDADDR + 2];
257 	level[3].blkcount = 1;
258 
259 	/* Walk the data blocks. */
260 	while (nblk > 0) {
261 
262 		/*
263 		 * If there are no more blocks at this indirection
264 		 * level, move up one indirection level and loop.
265 		 */
266 		if (level[level_i].blkcount == 0) {
267 			if (++level_i == LEVELS)
268 				break;
269 			continue;
270 		}
271 
272 		/* Get the next block at this level. */
273 		blk = fs2h32(*(level[level_i].blknums++));
274 		level[level_i].blkcount--;
275 
276 #if 0
277 		fprintf(stderr, "ino %lu blk %lu level %d\n", ino, blk,
278 		    level_i);
279 #endif
280 
281 		/*
282 		 * If we're not at the direct level, descend one
283 		 * level, read in that level's new block list,
284 		 * and loop.
285 		 */
286 		if (level_i > 0) {
287 			level_i--;
288 			if (blk == 0)
289 				memset(level[level_i].diskbuf, 0, MAXBSIZE);
290 			else if (ext2fs_read_disk_block(params,
291 				EXT2_FSBTODB(fs, blk) + params->fstype->offset,
292 				fs->e2fs_bsize, level[level_i].diskbuf) == 0)
293 				return 0;
294 			/* XXX ondisk32 */
295 			level[level_i].blknums =
296 			    (uint32_t *)level[level_i].diskbuf;
297 			level[level_i].blkcount = EXT2_NINDIR(fs);
298 			continue;
299 		}
300 
301 		/* blk is the next direct level block. */
302 #if 0
303 		fprintf(stderr, "ino %lu db %lu blksize %lu\n", ino,
304 		    EXT2_FSBTODB(fs, blk), ext2_sblksize(fs, inode->di_size, lblk));
305 #endif
306 		rv = (*callback)(params, state,
307 		    EXT2_FSBTODB(fs, blk) + params->fstype->offset, fs->e2fs_bsize);
308 		lblk++;
309 		nblk--;
310 		if (rv != 1)
311 			return rv;
312 	}
313 
314 	if (nblk != 0) {
315 		warnx("Inode %llu in `%s' ran out of blocks?",
316 		    (unsigned long long)ino, params->filesystem);
317 		return 0;
318 	}
319 
320 	return 1;
321 }
322 
323 /*
324  * This callback reads a block of the root directory,
325  * searches for an entry for the secondary bootstrap,
326  * and saves the inode number if one is found.
327  */
328 static int
ext2fs_findstage2_ino(ib_params * params,void * _ino,uint64_t blk,uint32_t blksize)329 ext2fs_findstage2_ino(ib_params *params, void *_ino,
330 	uint64_t blk, uint32_t blksize)
331 {
332 	uint8_t dirbuf[MAXBSIZE];
333 	struct ext2fs_direct *de, *ede;
334 	uint32_t ino;
335 
336 	assert(params != NULL);
337 	assert(params->fstype != NULL);
338 	assert(params->stage2 != NULL);
339 	assert(_ino != NULL);
340 
341 	/* Skip directory holes. */
342 	if (blk == 0)
343 		return 1;
344 
345 	/* Read the directory block. */
346 	if (ext2fs_read_disk_block(params, blk, blksize, dirbuf) == 0)
347 		return 0;
348 
349 	/* Loop over the directory entries. */
350 	de = (struct ext2fs_direct *)&dirbuf[0];
351 	ede = (struct ext2fs_direct *)&dirbuf[blksize];
352 	while (de < ede) {
353 		ino = fs2h32(de->e2d_ino);
354 		if (ino != 0 && strcmp(de->e2d_name, params->stage2) == 0) {
355 			*((uint32_t *)_ino) = ino;
356 			return (2);
357 		}
358 		if (fs2h16(de->e2d_reclen) == 0)
359 			break;
360 		de = (struct ext2fs_direct *)((char *)de +
361 		    fs2h16(de->e2d_reclen));
362 	}
363 
364 	return 1;
365 }
366 
367 struct findblks_state {
368 	uint32_t	maxblk;
369 	uint32_t	nblk;
370 	ib_block	*blocks;
371 };
372 
373 /* This callback records the blocks of the secondary bootstrap. */
374 static int
ext2fs_findstage2_blocks(ib_params * params,void * _state,uint64_t blk,uint32_t blksize)375 ext2fs_findstage2_blocks(ib_params *params, void *_state,
376 	uint64_t blk, uint32_t blksize)
377 {
378 	struct findblks_state *state = _state;
379 
380 	assert(params != NULL);
381 	assert(params->stage2 != NULL);
382 	assert(_state != NULL);
383 
384 	if (state->nblk == state->maxblk) {
385 		warnx("Secondary bootstrap `%s' has too many blocks (max %d)",
386 		    params->stage2, state->maxblk);
387 		return (0);
388 	}
389 	state->blocks[state->nblk].block = blk;
390 	state->blocks[state->nblk].blocksize = blksize;
391 	state->nblk++;
392 	return 1;
393 }
394 
395 /*
396  *	publicly visible functions
397  */
398 
399 int
ext2fs_match(ib_params * params)400 ext2fs_match(ib_params *params)
401 {
402 	uint8_t sbbuf[sizeof(struct m_ext2fs)];
403 	struct m_ext2fs *fs;
404 
405 	assert(params != NULL);
406 	assert(params->fstype != NULL);
407 
408 	/* Read the superblock. */
409 	fs = (void *)sbbuf;
410 	if (ext2fs_read_sblock(params, fs) == 0)
411 		return 0;
412 
413 	params->fstype->needswap = 0;
414 	params->fstype->blocksize = fs->e2fs_bsize;
415 	params->fstype->offset = 0;
416 
417 	return 1;
418 }
419 
420 int
ext2fs_findstage2(ib_params * params,uint32_t * maxblk,ib_block * blocks)421 ext2fs_findstage2(ib_params *params, uint32_t *maxblk, ib_block *blocks)
422 {
423 	int rv;
424 	uint32_t ino;
425 	struct findblks_state state;
426 
427 	assert(params != NULL);
428 	assert(params->stage2 != NULL);
429 	assert(maxblk != NULL);
430 	assert(blocks != NULL);
431 
432 	if (params->flags & IB_STAGE2START)
433 		return hardcode_stage2(params, maxblk, blocks);
434 
435 	/* The secondary bootstrap must be clearly in /. */
436 	if (params->stage2[0] == '/')
437 		params->stage2++;
438 	if (strchr(params->stage2, '/') != NULL) {
439 		warnx("The secondary bootstrap `%s' must be in /",
440 		    params->stage2);
441 		warnx("(Path must be relative to the file system in `%s')",
442 		    params->filesystem);
443 		return 0;
444 	}
445 
446 	/* Get the inode number of the secondary bootstrap. */
447 	rv = ext2fs_find_disk_blocks(params, EXT2_ROOTINO,
448 	    ext2fs_findstage2_ino, &ino);
449 	if (rv != 2) {
450 		warnx("Could not find secondary bootstrap `%s' in `%s'",
451 		    params->stage2, params->filesystem);
452 		warnx("(Path must be relative to the file system in `%s')",
453 		    params->filesystem);
454 		return 0;
455 	}
456 
457 	/* Record the disk blocks of the secondary bootstrap. */
458 	state.maxblk = *maxblk;
459 	state.nblk = 0;
460 	state.blocks = blocks;
461 		rv = ext2fs_find_disk_blocks(params, ino,
462 		    ext2fs_findstage2_blocks, &state);
463 	if (rv == 0)
464 		return 0;
465 
466 	*maxblk = state.nblk;
467 	return 1;
468 }
469