1.\" $NetBSD: jot.1,v 1.17 2020/04/25 11:11:33 simonb Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)jot.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 31.\" 32.Dd April 25, 2020 33.Dt JOT 1 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm jot 37.Nd print sequential or random data 38.Sh SYNOPSIS 39.Nm 40.Op Fl cnr 41.Op Fl b Ar word 42.Op Fl p Ar precision 43.Op Fl s Ar string 44.Op Fl w Ar word 45.Oo Ar reps 46.Oo Ar begin 47.Oo Ar end 48.Op Ar s 49.Oc 50.Oc 51.Oc 52.Sh DESCRIPTION 53The 54.Nm jot 55utility is used to print out increasing, decreasing, random, 56or redundant data (usually numbers) one per line. 57The default is to produce sequential data. 58.Pp 59The following options are available: 60.Bl -tag -width indent 61.It Fl b Ar word 62Just print 63.Ar word 64repetitively. 65.It Fl c 66This is an abbreviation for 67.Fl w Ar %c . 68.It Fl n 69Do not print the final newline normally appended to the output. 70.It Fl p Ar precision 71Print only as many digits or characters of the data 72as indicated by the integer 73.Ar precision . 74In the absence of 75.Fl p , 76the precision is the greater of the precisions of 77.Ar begin 78and 79.Ar end . 80The 81.Fl p 82option is overridden by whatever appears in a 83.Xr printf 3 84conversion following 85.Fl w . 86.It Fl r 87Generate random data. 88.It Fl s Ar string 89Print data separated by 90.Ar string . 91Normally, newlines separate data. 92.It Fl w Ar word 93Print 94.Ar word 95with the generated data appended to it. 96Octal, hexadecimal, exponential, ASCII, zero padded, 97and right-adjusted representations 98are possible by using the appropriate 99.Xr printf 3 100conversion specification inside 101.Ar word , 102in which case the data are inserted rather than appended. 103.El 104.Pp 105The last four arguments indicate, respectively, 106the number of data, the lower bound, the upper bound, 107and the step size or, for random data, the seed. 108Any argument may be omitted, and 109will be considered as such if given as 110.Dq - . 111Any three of these arguments determines the fourth. 112If four are specified and the given and computed values of 113.Ar reps 114conflict, the lower value is used. 115If fewer than three are specified, defaults are assigned 116left to right, except for 117.Ar s , 118which assumes its default unless both 119.Ar begin 120and 121.Ar end 122are given. 123.Pp 124When sequential data are requested the defaults for the four arguments 125are 100 data, a lower bound of 1, an upper bound of 100 and a step size 126of 1. 127When random data are requested 128.Ar s 129defaults to a seed depending upon the time of day. 130.Ar reps 131is expected to be an unsigned integer, 132and if given as zero is taken to be infinite. 133.Ar begin 134and 135.Ar end 136may be given as real numbers or as characters 137representing the corresponding value in ASCII. 138The last argument must be a real number. 139.Pp 140Random numbers are obtained through 141.Xr random 3 . 142The name 143.Nm jot 144derives in part from 145.Nm iota , 146a function in APL. 147.Sh EXAMPLES 148The command: 149.Dl "jot - 42 87 1" 150prints the integers from 42 to 87, inclusive. 151.Pp 152The command: 153.Dl "jot 21 \-1 1.00" 154prints 21 evenly spaced numbers increasing from \-1 to 1. 155.Pp 156The command: 157.Dl "jot \-c 128 0" 158prints the ASCII character set. 159.Pp 160The command: 161.Dl "jot \-w xa%c 26 a" 162prints the strings 163.Dq xaa 164through 165.Dq xaz . 166.Pp 167The command: 168.Dl "jot \-r \-c 160 a z | rs \-g 0 8" 169prints 20 random 8-letter strings. 170.Pp 171The command: 172.Dl "jot \-b y 0" 173is equivalent to 174.Xr yes 1 . 175.Pp 176The command: 177.Dl "jot \-w %ds/old/new/ 30 2 \- 5" 178prints thirty 179.Xr ed 1 180substitution commands applying to lines 2, 7, 12, etc. 181.Pp 182The command: 183.Dl "jot 0 9 \- \-.5" 184prints the stuttering sequence 9, 8, 8, 7, etc. 185.Pp 186The command: 187.Dl "jot \-b x 512 > block" 188creates a file containing exactly 1024 bytes. 189.Pp 190The command: 191.Dl "expand \-\`jot \-s, \- 10 132 4\`" 192sets tabs four spaces apart starting 193from column 10 and ending in column 132. 194.Pp 195The command: 196.Dl "grep \`jot \-s """" \-b . 80\`" 197prints all lines 80 characters or longer. 198.Sh SEE ALSO 199.Xr ed 1 , 200.Xr expand 1 , 201.Xr rs 1 , 202.Xr seq 1 , 203.Xr yes 1 , 204.Xr printf 3 , 205.Xr random 3 206.Sh HISTORY 207The 208.Nm 209utility first appeared in 210.Bx 4.2 . 211.Sh AUTHORS 212.An John A. Kunze 213