1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 | macOS | `-------. | | 407 | | | 10.15.1 | | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 409 | | | | | 9.0 | | | 410 | | | | | | | | | 411 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8 412 | | | | | | | | | 413 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.3 414 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 415 | | | | | | 8.2 | | 416 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.1 417 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.7 | 418 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 419 | | 11.4 | | | | | | 420 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.2 421 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.3 422 | | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.8 | 423 | | | | 9.1 | | | 424 | FreeBSD macOS | | | | | 425 | 12.2 11 | | | | | 426 | | | | | | | | 427 | `------. | | | | | | 428 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 429 | 13.0 | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly 6.0.0 430 | | | | | 9.2 | | | 431 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.0.1 432 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | OpenBSD 7.0 | 433 | | 12.3 12 | | | | | 434 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.1 435 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.1 | 436 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 437 | 13.1 | | | | | | | 438 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.2 439 | | | | | NetBSD | | | 440 | | | | | 9.3 | | | 441 | | | macOS | | | OpenBSD 7.2 | 442 | | | 13 | | | | | 443 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 444 | | 12.4 | | | | | | 445 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.0 446 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.3 | 447 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 448 | 13.2 | | | | | | 449 | | | | | | | | 450 | `------. | | . | | | 451 | | macOS | \ | | | 452 | | 14 | \ . OpenBSD 7.4 | 453 *--FreeBSD | | | \ \ | | 454 | 14.0 | | | \ \ | | 455 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 456 | 13.3 | *--NetBSD | | | | 457 | | | 10.0 | | OpenBSD | 458 | | | | | | 7.5 | 459 | | | | NetBSD | | | 460 | | | | 9.4 | | | 461 | | | | NetBSD | | 462 | | | | 8.3 | | 463 | | | NetBSD | | 464 | | | 10.1 | | 465 | | | | | 466FreeBSD 15 | NetBSD 11 OpenBSD DragonFly 467 -current | -current -current -current 468 | | | | | 469 v v v v v 470 471Time 472---------------- 473 474Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it was 475the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 476 477[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 478 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System. 479[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 480[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 481[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 482[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 483[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 484[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, Volume 11, 485 Info 4, April, 1987. 486[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 487 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 488[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. Changes in the 489 Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, 490 July, 1983. 491[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 492[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 493[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. ISBN 0201547775, EAN 494 9780201547771 495[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 496[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/. 497[USE] Usenet announcement. 498[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 499[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 500 501Multics 1965 502UNIX Summer 1969 503 DEC PDP-7 504First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 505 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 506Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 507 10 UNIX installations 508Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 509 Pipes, 16 installations 510Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 511 rewriting in C effected, 512 above 30 installations 513Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 514 above 50 installations 515Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 516 port to DEC Vax 517Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 518 first portable UNIX 519Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 520 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 521 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 522 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 523 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 524 and networking part by the streams mechanism 525 526Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 527Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 528 5291BSD late 1977 530 1978-01-16 [DOC] 531 1978-03-09 [QCU] 532 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 533 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 534 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 5352BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 536 75 2BSD tapes shipped 5372.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 5382.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 539 First 2BSD with bootable V7 kernel plus 540 community fixes. 5412.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 542 set of performance improvements 5432.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 5442.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 5452.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 5462.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 5472.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 5482.11BSD 1991-03-14 [SMS] 5492.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 550 55132V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 5523BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 553 virtual memory, page replacement, 554 demand paging 5554.0BSD 1980-10-xx 5564.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 5574.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 558 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5594.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5604.1cBSD late 1982 561 beta release, IPC [44B] 5624.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 563 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5644.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 565 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5664.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5674.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 568 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5694.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5704.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 571 572BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 573 first code released to people outside BSDI 574386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 575BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 576BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 577386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5784.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 579BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 580 first external gamma; G customers 581BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 582 would have been 1.0 except for request 583 for preliminary injunction 584BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 585 injunction denied; first official release 586NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 5874.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 588NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 589FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 590FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 591 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 592BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 5934.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 594FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 595FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 596FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 597 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 598NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 599386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 600FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 601BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 602FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 603BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 6044.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 605 the true final distribution from the CSRG 606FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 607NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 608BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 609FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 610NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 611OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 612FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 613FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 614Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 615FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 616BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 617FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 618FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 619FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 620NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 621OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 622FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 623OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 624NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 625FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 626NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 627BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 628OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 629NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 630FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 631BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 632 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 633FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 634 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 635 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 636 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 637FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 638OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 639NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 640FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 641BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 642NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 643FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 644OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 645NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 646FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 647OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 648FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 649BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 650FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 651NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 652OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 653FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 654FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 655FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 656FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 657FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 658NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 659BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 660OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 661NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 662Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 663FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 664OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 665NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 666NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 667FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 668Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 669OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 670FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 671BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 672OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 673FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 674NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 675FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 676Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 677NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 678FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 679OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 680FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 681 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 682 -current, similar to 3.0. 683FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 684NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 685OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 686BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 687FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 688Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 689FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 690BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 691OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 692FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 693FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 694NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 695OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 696FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 697DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 698OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 699FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 700NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 701FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 702DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 703NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 704Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 705FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 706OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 707NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 708OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 709FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 710NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 711NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 712DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 713FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 714OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 715FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 716FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 717NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 718DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 719OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 720NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 721NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 722FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 723DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 724OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 725DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 726Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 727OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 728NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 729FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 730DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 731FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 732OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 733DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 734OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 735FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 736FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 737DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 738NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 739OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 740FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 741Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 742NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 743DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 744OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 745FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 746NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 747FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 748DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 749OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 750FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 751DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 752OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 753NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 754FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 755FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 756DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 757OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 758Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 759OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 760FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 761NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 762DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 763FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 764OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 765Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 766NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 767OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 768DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 769NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 770NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 771FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 772DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 773OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 774NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 775NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 776FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 777NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 778NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 779NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 780FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 781NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 782NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 783Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 784OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 785DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 786FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 787NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 788NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 789NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 790NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 791DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 792DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 793NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 794NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 795OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 796DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 797DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 798DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 799FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 800DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 801NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 802NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 803Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 804OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 805FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 806DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 807DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 808DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 809DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 810DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 811OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 812DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 813FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 814NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 815OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 816OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 817DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 818OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 819FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 820NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 821DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 822OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 823macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 824FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 825NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 826NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 827DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 828OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 829FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 830macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 831FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 832OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 833DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 834DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 835DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 836NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 837NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 838OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 839DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 840DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 841DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 842FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 843NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 844NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 845macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 846OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 847DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 848FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 849DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 850OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 851NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 852DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 853DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 854FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 855DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 856OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 857macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 858macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 859FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 860NetBSD 9.0 2020-02-14 [NBD] 861DragonFly 5.8 2020-03-03 [DFB] 862DragonFly 5.6.3 2020-03-11 [DFB] 863NetBSD 8.2 2020-03-31 [NBD] 864DragonFly 5.8.1 2020-05-06 [DFB] 865OpenBSD 6.7 2020-05-19 [OBD] 866FreeBSD 11.4 2020-06-16 [FBD] 867DragonFly 5.8.2 2020-09-23 [DFB] 868DragonFly 5.8.3 2020-09-24 [DFB] 869OpenBSD 6.8 2020-10-18 [OBD] 870NetBSD 9.1 2020-10-18 [NBD] 871FreeBSD 12.2 2020-10-27 [FBD] 872macOS 11 2020-11-12 [APL] 873FreeBSD 13.0 2021-04-13 [FBD] 874OpenBSD 6.9 2021-05-01 [OBD] 875DragonFly 6.0 2021-05-08 [DFB] 876NetBSD 9.2 2021-05-12 [NBD] 877DragonFly 6.0.1 2021-10-12 [DFB] 878OpenBSD 7.0 2021-10-14 [OBD] 879macOS 12 2021-10-25 [APL] 880FreeBSD 12.3 2021-12-01 [FBD] 881DragonFly 6.2.1 2022-01-09 [DFB] 882OpenBSD 7.1 2022-04-21 [OBD] 883FreeBSD 13.1 2022-05-17 [FBD] 884DragonFly 6.2.2 2022-06-09 [DFB] 885NetBSD 9.3 2022-08-04 [NBD] 886OpenBSD 7.2 2022-10-20 [OBD] 887macOS 13 2022-10-24 [APL] 888FreeBSD 12.4 2022-12-05 [FBD] 889DragonFly 6.4 2022-12-30 [DFB] 890OpenBSD 7.3 2023-04-10 [OBD] 891FreeBSD 13.2 2023-04-11 [FBD] 892macOS 14 2023-09-26 [APL] 893OpenBSD 7.4 2023-10-16 [OBD] 894FreeBSD 14.0 2023-11-20 [FBD] 895FreeBSD 13.3 2024-03-05 [FBD] 896NetBSD 10.0 2024-03-28 [NBD] 897OpenBSD 7.5 2024-04-05 [OBD] 898NetBSD 9.4 2024-04-20 [NBD] 899NetBSD 8.3 2024-05-07 [NBD] 900NetBSD 10.1 2024-12-16 [NBD] 901 902Bibliography 903------------------------ 904 905Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 906Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 907System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 908 909Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 910Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 911 912McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 913Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 914System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 915 916McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 917Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 918Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 919 920McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 921Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 922Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 923 924Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 925 926Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 927Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 928Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 929 930Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 931URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20081230094857/http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 932 933Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 934Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 935 936FreeBSD Release Information 937URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 938 939Manual pages for FreeBSD and ports 940URL: https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 941 942UNIX history graphing project 943URL: https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 944 945UNIX history 946URL: https://www.levenez.com/unix/ 947 948James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 949URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195917/http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 950("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 951 952 953Acknowledgments 954--------------- 955 956Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 957original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 958 959Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 960 961-- 962Copyright (c) 1997-2023 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org> 963URL: https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 964 965$NetBSD: bsd-family-tree,v 1.86 2024/12/20 18:22:28 martin Exp $ 966