xref: /netbsd-src/external/gpl3/gcc.old/dist/libstdc++-v3/include/std/any (revision 4ac76180e904e771b9d522c7e57296d371f06499)
1// <any> -*- C++ -*-
2
3// Copyright (C) 2014-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4//
5// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9// any later version.
10
11// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14// GNU General Public License for more details.
15
16// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19
20// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
23// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24
25/** @file include/any
26 *  This is a Standard C++ Library header.
27 */
28
29#ifndef _GLIBCXX_ANY
30#define _GLIBCXX_ANY 1
31
32#pragma GCC system_header
33
34#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
35
36#include <typeinfo>
37#include <new>
38#include <utility>
39#include <type_traits>
40
41namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
42{
43_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
44
45  /**
46   *  @addtogroup utilities
47   *  @{
48   */
49
50  /**
51   *  @brief Exception class thrown by a failed @c any_cast
52   *  @ingroup exceptions
53   */
54  class bad_any_cast : public bad_cast
55  {
56  public:
57    virtual const char* what() const noexcept { return "bad any_cast"; }
58  };
59
60  [[gnu::noreturn]] inline void __throw_bad_any_cast()
61  {
62#if __cpp_exceptions
63    throw bad_any_cast{};
64#else
65    __builtin_abort();
66#endif
67  }
68
69#define __cpp_lib_any 201606L
70
71  /**
72   *  @brief A type-safe container of any type.
73   *
74   *  An @c any object's state is either empty or it stores a contained object
75   *  of CopyConstructible type.
76   */
77  class any
78  {
79    // Holds either pointer to a heap object or the contained object itself.
80    union _Storage
81    {
82      constexpr _Storage() : _M_ptr{nullptr} {}
83
84      // Prevent trivial copies of this type, buffer might hold a non-POD.
85      _Storage(const _Storage&) = delete;
86      _Storage& operator=(const _Storage&) = delete;
87
88      void* _M_ptr;
89      aligned_storage<sizeof(_M_ptr), alignof(void*)>::type _M_buffer;
90    };
91
92    template<typename _Tp, typename _Safe = is_nothrow_move_constructible<_Tp>,
93	     bool _Fits = (sizeof(_Tp) <= sizeof(_Storage))
94			  && (alignof(_Tp) <= alignof(_Storage))>
95      using _Internal = std::integral_constant<bool, _Safe::value && _Fits>;
96
97    template<typename _Tp>
98      struct _Manager_internal; // uses small-object optimization
99
100    template<typename _Tp>
101      struct _Manager_external; // creates contained object on the heap
102
103    template<typename _Tp>
104      using _Manager = conditional_t<_Internal<_Tp>::value,
105				     _Manager_internal<_Tp>,
106				     _Manager_external<_Tp>>;
107
108    template<typename _Tp, typename _VTp = decay_t<_Tp>>
109      using _Decay_if_not_any = enable_if_t<!is_same_v<_VTp, any>, _VTp>;
110
111    /// Emplace with an object created from @p __args as the contained object.
112    template <typename _Tp, typename... _Args,
113	      typename _Mgr = _Manager<_Tp>>
114      void __do_emplace(_Args&&... __args)
115      {
116	reset();
117        _Mgr::_S_create(_M_storage, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
118	_M_manager = &_Mgr::_S_manage;
119      }
120
121    /// Emplace with an object created from @p __il and @p __args as
122    /// the contained object.
123    template <typename _Tp, typename _Up, typename... _Args,
124	      typename _Mgr = _Manager<_Tp>>
125      void __do_emplace(initializer_list<_Up> __il, _Args&&... __args)
126      {
127	reset();
128	_Mgr::_S_create(_M_storage, __il, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
129	_M_manager = &_Mgr::_S_manage;
130      }
131
132    template <typename _Res, typename _Tp, typename... _Args>
133      using __any_constructible
134	= enable_if<__and_<is_copy_constructible<_Tp>,
135			   is_constructible<_Tp, _Args...>>::value,
136		    _Res>;
137
138    template <typename _Tp, typename... _Args>
139      using __any_constructible_t
140	= typename __any_constructible<bool, _Tp, _Args...>::type;
141
142    template<typename _VTp, typename... _Args>
143      using __emplace_t
144	= typename __any_constructible<_VTp&, _VTp, _Args...>::type;
145
146  public:
147    // construct/destruct
148
149    /// Default constructor, creates an empty object.
150    constexpr any() noexcept : _M_manager(nullptr) { }
151
152    /// Copy constructor, copies the state of @p __other
153    any(const any& __other)
154    {
155      if (!__other.has_value())
156	_M_manager = nullptr;
157      else
158	{
159	  _Arg __arg;
160	  __arg._M_any = this;
161	  __other._M_manager(_Op_clone, &__other, &__arg);
162	}
163    }
164
165    /**
166     * @brief Move constructor, transfer the state from @p __other
167     *
168     * @post @c !__other.has_value() (this postcondition is a GNU extension)
169     */
170    any(any&& __other) noexcept
171    {
172      if (!__other.has_value())
173	_M_manager = nullptr;
174      else
175	{
176	  _Arg __arg;
177	  __arg._M_any = this;
178	  __other._M_manager(_Op_xfer, &__other, &__arg);
179	}
180    }
181
182    /// Construct with a copy of @p __value as the contained object.
183    template <typename _Tp, typename _VTp = _Decay_if_not_any<_Tp>,
184	      typename _Mgr = _Manager<_VTp>,
185	      enable_if_t<is_copy_constructible<_VTp>::value
186			  && !__is_in_place_type<_VTp>::value, bool> = true>
187      any(_Tp&& __value)
188      : _M_manager(&_Mgr::_S_manage)
189      {
190	_Mgr::_S_create(_M_storage, std::forward<_Tp>(__value));
191      }
192
193    /// Construct with an object created from @p __args as the contained object.
194    template <typename _Tp, typename... _Args, typename _VTp = decay_t<_Tp>,
195	      typename _Mgr = _Manager<_VTp>,
196	      __any_constructible_t<_VTp, _Args&&...> = false>
197      explicit
198      any(in_place_type_t<_Tp>, _Args&&... __args)
199      : _M_manager(&_Mgr::_S_manage)
200      {
201	_Mgr::_S_create(_M_storage, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
202      }
203
204    /// Construct with an object created from @p __il and @p __args as
205    /// the contained object.
206    template <typename _Tp, typename _Up, typename... _Args,
207	      typename _VTp = decay_t<_Tp>, typename _Mgr = _Manager<_VTp>,
208	      __any_constructible_t<_VTp, initializer_list<_Up>&,
209				    _Args&&...> = false>
210      explicit
211      any(in_place_type_t<_Tp>, initializer_list<_Up> __il, _Args&&... __args)
212      : _M_manager(&_Mgr::_S_manage)
213      {
214	_Mgr::_S_create(_M_storage, __il, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
215      }
216
217    /// Destructor, calls @c reset()
218    ~any() { reset(); }
219
220    // assignments
221
222    /// Copy the state of another object.
223    any&
224    operator=(const any& __rhs)
225    {
226      *this = any(__rhs);
227      return *this;
228    }
229
230    /**
231     * @brief Move assignment operator
232     *
233     * @post @c !__rhs.has_value() (not guaranteed for other implementations)
234     */
235    any&
236    operator=(any&& __rhs) noexcept
237    {
238      if (!__rhs.has_value())
239	reset();
240      else if (this != &__rhs)
241	{
242	  reset();
243	  _Arg __arg;
244	  __arg._M_any = this;
245	  __rhs._M_manager(_Op_xfer, &__rhs, &__arg);
246	}
247      return *this;
248    }
249
250    /// Store a copy of @p __rhs as the contained object.
251    template<typename _Tp>
252      enable_if_t<is_copy_constructible<_Decay_if_not_any<_Tp>>::value, any&>
253      operator=(_Tp&& __rhs)
254      {
255	*this = any(std::forward<_Tp>(__rhs));
256	return *this;
257      }
258
259    /// Emplace with an object created from @p __args as the contained object.
260    template <typename _Tp, typename... _Args>
261      __emplace_t<decay_t<_Tp>, _Args...>
262      emplace(_Args&&... __args)
263      {
264	using _VTp = decay_t<_Tp>;
265	__do_emplace<_VTp>(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
266	return *any::_Manager<_VTp>::_S_access(_M_storage);
267      }
268
269    /// Emplace with an object created from @p __il and @p __args as
270    /// the contained object.
271    template <typename _Tp, typename _Up, typename... _Args>
272      __emplace_t<decay_t<_Tp>, initializer_list<_Up>&, _Args&&...>
273      emplace(initializer_list<_Up> __il, _Args&&... __args)
274      {
275	using _VTp = decay_t<_Tp>;
276	__do_emplace<_VTp, _Up>(__il, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
277	return *any::_Manager<_VTp>::_S_access(_M_storage);
278      }
279
280    // modifiers
281
282    /// If not empty, destroy the contained object.
283    void reset() noexcept
284    {
285      if (has_value())
286      {
287	_M_manager(_Op_destroy, this, nullptr);
288	_M_manager = nullptr;
289      }
290    }
291
292    /// Exchange state with another object.
293    void swap(any& __rhs) noexcept
294    {
295      if (!has_value() && !__rhs.has_value())
296	return;
297
298      if (has_value() && __rhs.has_value())
299	{
300	  if (this == &__rhs)
301	    return;
302
303	  any __tmp;
304	  _Arg __arg;
305	  __arg._M_any = &__tmp;
306	  __rhs._M_manager(_Op_xfer, &__rhs, &__arg);
307	  __arg._M_any = &__rhs;
308	  _M_manager(_Op_xfer, this, &__arg);
309	  __arg._M_any = this;
310	  __tmp._M_manager(_Op_xfer, &__tmp, &__arg);
311	}
312      else
313	{
314	  any* __empty = !has_value() ? this : &__rhs;
315	  any* __full = !has_value() ? &__rhs : this;
316	  _Arg __arg;
317	  __arg._M_any = __empty;
318	  __full->_M_manager(_Op_xfer, __full, &__arg);
319	}
320    }
321
322    // observers
323
324    /// Reports whether there is a contained object or not.
325    bool has_value() const noexcept { return _M_manager != nullptr; }
326
327#if __cpp_rtti
328    /// The @c typeid of the contained object, or @c typeid(void) if empty.
329    const type_info& type() const noexcept
330    {
331      if (!has_value())
332	return typeid(void);
333      _Arg __arg;
334      _M_manager(_Op_get_type_info, this, &__arg);
335      return *__arg._M_typeinfo;
336    }
337#endif
338
339    template<typename _Tp>
340      static constexpr bool __is_valid_cast()
341      { return __or_<is_reference<_Tp>, is_copy_constructible<_Tp>>::value; }
342
343  private:
344    enum _Op {
345	_Op_access, _Op_get_type_info, _Op_clone, _Op_destroy, _Op_xfer
346    };
347
348    union _Arg
349    {
350	void* _M_obj;
351	const std::type_info* _M_typeinfo;
352	any* _M_any;
353    };
354
355    void (*_M_manager)(_Op, const any*, _Arg*);
356    _Storage _M_storage;
357
358    template<typename _Tp>
359      friend void* __any_caster(const any* __any);
360
361    // Manage in-place contained object.
362    template<typename _Tp>
363      struct _Manager_internal
364      {
365	static void
366	_S_manage(_Op __which, const any* __anyp, _Arg* __arg);
367
368	template<typename _Up>
369	  static void
370	  _S_create(_Storage& __storage, _Up&& __value)
371	  {
372	    void* __addr = &__storage._M_buffer;
373	    ::new (__addr) _Tp(std::forward<_Up>(__value));
374	  }
375
376	template<typename... _Args>
377	  static void
378	  _S_create(_Storage& __storage, _Args&&... __args)
379	  {
380	    void* __addr = &__storage._M_buffer;
381	    ::new (__addr) _Tp(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
382	  }
383
384	static _Tp*
385	_S_access(const _Storage& __storage)
386	{
387	  // The contained object is in __storage._M_buffer
388	  const void* __addr = &__storage._M_buffer;
389	  return static_cast<_Tp*>(const_cast<void*>(__addr));
390	}
391      };
392
393    // Manage external contained object.
394    template<typename _Tp>
395      struct _Manager_external
396      {
397	static void
398	_S_manage(_Op __which, const any* __anyp, _Arg* __arg);
399
400	template<typename _Up>
401	  static void
402	  _S_create(_Storage& __storage, _Up&& __value)
403	  {
404	    __storage._M_ptr = new _Tp(std::forward<_Up>(__value));
405	  }
406	template<typename... _Args>
407	  static void
408	  _S_create(_Storage& __storage, _Args&&... __args)
409	  {
410	    __storage._M_ptr = new _Tp(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
411	  }
412	static _Tp*
413	_S_access(const _Storage& __storage)
414	{
415	  // The contained object is in *__storage._M_ptr
416	  return static_cast<_Tp*>(__storage._M_ptr);
417	}
418      };
419  };
420
421  /// Exchange the states of two @c any objects.
422  inline void swap(any& __x, any& __y) noexcept { __x.swap(__y); }
423
424  /// Create an `any` holding a `_Tp` constructed from `__args...`.
425  template <typename _Tp, typename... _Args>
426    inline
427    enable_if_t<is_constructible_v<any, in_place_type_t<_Tp>, _Args...>, any>
428    make_any(_Args&&... __args)
429    {
430      return any(in_place_type<_Tp>, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
431    }
432
433  /// Create an `any` holding a `_Tp` constructed from `__il` and `__args...`.
434  template <typename _Tp, typename _Up, typename... _Args>
435    inline
436    enable_if_t<is_constructible_v<any, in_place_type_t<_Tp>,
437				   initializer_list<_Up>&, _Args...>, any>
438    make_any(initializer_list<_Up> __il, _Args&&... __args)
439    {
440      return any(in_place_type<_Tp>, __il, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
441    }
442
443  /**
444   * @brief Access the contained object.
445   *
446   * @tparam  _ValueType  A const-reference or CopyConstructible type.
447   * @param   __any       The object to access.
448   * @return  The contained object.
449   * @throw   bad_any_cast If <code>
450   *          __any.type() != typeid(remove_reference_t<_ValueType>)
451   *          </code>
452   */
453  template<typename _ValueType>
454    inline _ValueType any_cast(const any& __any)
455    {
456      using _Up = __remove_cvref_t<_ValueType>;
457      static_assert(any::__is_valid_cast<_ValueType>(),
458	  "Template argument must be a reference or CopyConstructible type");
459      static_assert(is_constructible_v<_ValueType, const _Up&>,
460	  "Template argument must be constructible from a const value.");
461      auto __p = any_cast<_Up>(&__any);
462      if (__p)
463	return static_cast<_ValueType>(*__p);
464      __throw_bad_any_cast();
465    }
466
467  /**
468   * @brief Access the contained object.
469   *
470   * @tparam  _ValueType  A reference or CopyConstructible type.
471   * @param   __any       The object to access.
472   * @return  The contained object.
473   * @throw   bad_any_cast If <code>
474   *          __any.type() != typeid(remove_reference_t<_ValueType>)
475   *          </code>
476   *
477   * @{
478   */
479  template<typename _ValueType>
480    inline _ValueType any_cast(any& __any)
481    {
482      using _Up = __remove_cvref_t<_ValueType>;
483      static_assert(any::__is_valid_cast<_ValueType>(),
484	  "Template argument must be a reference or CopyConstructible type");
485      static_assert(is_constructible_v<_ValueType, _Up&>,
486	  "Template argument must be constructible from an lvalue.");
487      auto __p = any_cast<_Up>(&__any);
488      if (__p)
489	return static_cast<_ValueType>(*__p);
490      __throw_bad_any_cast();
491    }
492
493  template<typename _ValueType>
494    inline _ValueType any_cast(any&& __any)
495    {
496      using _Up = __remove_cvref_t<_ValueType>;
497      static_assert(any::__is_valid_cast<_ValueType>(),
498	  "Template argument must be a reference or CopyConstructible type");
499      static_assert(is_constructible_v<_ValueType, _Up>,
500	  "Template argument must be constructible from an rvalue.");
501      auto __p = any_cast<_Up>(&__any);
502      if (__p)
503	return static_cast<_ValueType>(std::move(*__p));
504      __throw_bad_any_cast();
505    }
506  /// @}
507
508  /// @cond undocumented
509  template<typename _Tp>
510    void* __any_caster(const any* __any)
511    {
512      // any_cast<T> returns non-null if __any->type() == typeid(T) and
513      // typeid(T) ignores cv-qualifiers so remove them:
514      using _Up = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
515      // The contained value has a decayed type, so if decay_t<U> is not U,
516      // then it's not possible to have a contained value of type U:
517      if constexpr (!is_same_v<decay_t<_Up>, _Up>)
518	return nullptr;
519      // Only copy constructible types can be used for contained values:
520      else if constexpr (!is_copy_constructible_v<_Up>)
521	return nullptr;
522      // First try comparing function addresses, which works without RTTI
523      else if (__any->_M_manager == &any::_Manager<_Up>::_S_manage
524#if __cpp_rtti
525	  || __any->type() == typeid(_Tp)
526#endif
527	  )
528	{
529	  return any::_Manager<_Up>::_S_access(__any->_M_storage);
530	}
531      return nullptr;
532    }
533  /// @endcond
534
535  /**
536   * @brief Access the contained object.
537   *
538   * @tparam  _ValueType  The type of the contained object.
539   * @param   __any       A pointer to the object to access.
540   * @return  The address of the contained object if <code>
541   *          __any != nullptr && __any.type() == typeid(_ValueType)
542   *          </code>, otherwise a null pointer.
543   *
544   * @{
545   */
546  template<typename _ValueType>
547    inline const _ValueType* any_cast(const any* __any) noexcept
548    {
549      if constexpr (is_object_v<_ValueType>)
550	if (__any)
551	  return static_cast<_ValueType*>(__any_caster<_ValueType>(__any));
552      return nullptr;
553    }
554
555  template<typename _ValueType>
556    inline _ValueType* any_cast(any* __any) noexcept
557    {
558      if constexpr (is_object_v<_ValueType>)
559	if (__any)
560	  return static_cast<_ValueType*>(__any_caster<_ValueType>(__any));
561      return nullptr;
562    }
563  /// @}
564
565  template<typename _Tp>
566    void
567    any::_Manager_internal<_Tp>::
568    _S_manage(_Op __which, const any* __any, _Arg* __arg)
569    {
570      // The contained object is in _M_storage._M_buffer
571      auto __ptr = reinterpret_cast<const _Tp*>(&__any->_M_storage._M_buffer);
572      switch (__which)
573      {
574      case _Op_access:
575	__arg->_M_obj = const_cast<_Tp*>(__ptr);
576	break;
577      case _Op_get_type_info:
578#if __cpp_rtti
579	__arg->_M_typeinfo = &typeid(_Tp);
580#endif
581	break;
582      case _Op_clone:
583	::new(&__arg->_M_any->_M_storage._M_buffer) _Tp(*__ptr);
584	__arg->_M_any->_M_manager = __any->_M_manager;
585	break;
586      case _Op_destroy:
587	__ptr->~_Tp();
588	break;
589      case _Op_xfer:
590	::new(&__arg->_M_any->_M_storage._M_buffer) _Tp
591	  (std::move(*const_cast<_Tp*>(__ptr)));
592	__ptr->~_Tp();
593	__arg->_M_any->_M_manager = __any->_M_manager;
594	const_cast<any*>(__any)->_M_manager = nullptr;
595	break;
596      }
597    }
598
599  template<typename _Tp>
600    void
601    any::_Manager_external<_Tp>::
602    _S_manage(_Op __which, const any* __any, _Arg* __arg)
603    {
604      // The contained object is *_M_storage._M_ptr
605      auto __ptr = static_cast<const _Tp*>(__any->_M_storage._M_ptr);
606      switch (__which)
607      {
608      case _Op_access:
609	__arg->_M_obj = const_cast<_Tp*>(__ptr);
610	break;
611      case _Op_get_type_info:
612#if __cpp_rtti
613	__arg->_M_typeinfo = &typeid(_Tp);
614#endif
615	break;
616      case _Op_clone:
617	__arg->_M_any->_M_storage._M_ptr = new _Tp(*__ptr);
618	__arg->_M_any->_M_manager = __any->_M_manager;
619	break;
620      case _Op_destroy:
621	delete __ptr;
622	break;
623      case _Op_xfer:
624	__arg->_M_any->_M_storage._M_ptr = __any->_M_storage._M_ptr;
625	__arg->_M_any->_M_manager = __any->_M_manager;
626	const_cast<any*>(__any)->_M_manager = nullptr;
627	break;
628      }
629    }
630
631  /// @}
632
633  namespace __detail::__variant
634  {
635    template<typename> struct _Never_valueless_alt; // see <variant>
636
637    // Provide the strong exception-safety guarantee when emplacing an
638    // any into a variant.
639    template<>
640      struct _Never_valueless_alt<std::any>
641      : std::true_type
642      { };
643  }  // namespace __detail::__variant
644
645_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
646} // namespace std
647
648#endif // C++17
649#endif // _GLIBCXX_ANY
650