1.\" $NetBSD: main,v 1.397 2008/05/21 21:34:16 brook Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 16.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 17.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 18.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 19.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 20.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 21.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 22.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 23.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 24.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 25.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 26.\" 27.ig 28 29 To "regenerate" this file, go up one level to src/distrib/notes 30 and type "make". This will create 31 src/distrib/notes/<arch>/INSTALL.*. 32 33 The notes that describe the improvements over the last release 34 aren't appropriate for a snapshot, so these are conditional on 35 FOR_RELEASE. 0 == snapshot; 1 == release 36.. 37. 38.tm Processing INSTALL 39. 40.\" -------------------- CONFIGURATION -------------------- 41. 42.nr FOR_RELEASE 1 43.nr DOC_XR 1 44.ds MACHINE_LIST acorn26 acorn32 algor alpha amd64 amiga amigappc arc atari 45.as MACHINE_LIST " bebox cats cesfic cobalt dreamcast evbarm evbmips evbppc 46.as MACHINE_LIST " evbsh3 ews4800mips hp300 hp700 hpcarm hpcmips hpcsh 47.as MACHINE_LIST " hppa i386 ibmnws iyonix luna68k mac68k macppc mipsco mmeye 48.as MACHINE_LIST " mvme68k mvmeppc netwinder news68k newsmips next68k ofppc 49.as MACHINE_LIST " pdp10 playstation2 pmax prep sandpoint sbmips 50.as MACHINE_LIST " sgimips shark sparc sparc64 sun2 sun3 vax x68k xen zaurus . 51.so \*[.CURDIR]/../common/macros 52. 53.Dd February 5, 2008 54.Dt INSTALL 8 55.Os NetBSD 56.Sh NAME 57.Nm INSTALL 58.Nd Installation procedure for 59.Nx*M . 60.Sh CONTENTS 61.Tc 62.Sh DESCRIPTION 63. 64.Ss About this Document 65.Pp 66. 67This document describes the installation procedure for 68.Nx 69\*V on the 70.Em \*M 71platform. 72It is available in four different formats titled 73.Pa INSTALL. Ns Ar ext , 74where 75.Ar \&.ext 76is one of 77.Pa \&.ps , \&.html , \&.more , 78.No or Pa \&.txt : 79.(tag \&.morex -offset indent 80.It Pa \&.ps 81PostScript. 82.It Pa \&.html 83.No Standard Internet Tn HTML . 84.It Pa \&.more 85The enhanced text format used on 86.Ul 87systems by the 88.Xr more 1 89and 90.Xr less 1 91pager utility programs. 92This is the format in which the on-line 93.Em man 94pages are generally presented. 95.It Pa \&.txt 96Plain old 97.Tn ASCII . 98.tag) 99.Pp 100You are reading the 101.Em \*[format] 102version. 103. 104.if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64] \{\ 105.Ss "Quick install notes for the impatient" 106.Pp 107This section contains some brief notes describing what you need to 108install 109.Nx 110\*V on a machine of the \*M architecture. 111.Bl -bullet 112.It 113Fetch files needed to install 114.Nx . 115.if \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 116.Pp 117Option 1: bootable CD-ROM images containing the full distribution. 118.Pp 119These can be found 120on an FTP site near you, usually located in the 121.Pa /pub/NetBSD/iso 122directory. 123Check the NetBSD website for details. 124.Pp 125Option 2: bootable CD-ROM images from 126.Pa \*M/installation/cdrom/ . 127.Pp 128These images are bootable, but do not contain binary sets. 129They are intended for network installs, or system repair. 130.Pa boot.iso 131is for VGA console installation, and 132.Pa boot-com.iso 133is for installation over serial console (com0, 9600 baud). 134.Pp 135Option 3: boot floppy images from 136.Pa \*M/installation/floppy/ . 137.Pp 138.Pa boot1.fs 139and 140.Pa boot2.fs 141are floppy images for VGA console installation. 142.Pa boot-com1.fs 143and 144.Pa boot-com2.fs 145are for installation via serial console (com0, 9600 baud). 146.It 147The default kernel on CD-ROMs has ACPI enabled. 148This is known to cause issues on a few machines which have buggy ACPI 149implementations. 150.Pp 151To boot with ACPI disabled, choose the "no ACPI" option from the boot menu, 152or interrupt the menu and enter the 153.Nx 154boot prompt. 155Type 156.Ic boot -2 157to boot with ACPI disabled. 158.if \n[macppc] \{\ 159Fetch files necessary to boot your system. 160The files depend on what model you 161are using and how you plan to boot your machine. 162For systems with built-in floppy drives (Open Firmware 1 or 2), 163fetch the pair of boot floppy images 164.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot1.fs 165and 166.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot2.fs , 167which include the bootloader and installation kernel. 168For systems without floppy drives (most are Open Firmware 3), fetch the 169bootloader 170.Pa macppc/installation/ofwboot.xcf 171and the installation kernel 172.Pa macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz . 173If you have a CD-R, you can fetch the CD image, 174.Pa macppccd-\*V.iso . 175.\} 176.if \n[sparc] \{\ 177Fetch a CD image, 178.Pa sparccd-\*V.iso 179or the floppy disk images, 180.Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk1.gz No and Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk2 . 181You need either the pair of floppies or the CD to boot your system. 182.\} 183.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 184CD image, 185.Pa sparc64cd-\*V.iso 186or the installation kernel and bootloader, 187.Pa sparc64/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz No and Pa sparc64/installation/misc/ofwboot 188which can be booted from a 189.Tn Solaris 190or 191.Nx 192partition. 193.\} 194.if \n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ 195Alternatively, you may netboot the installation kernel. This process is 196covered below, in detail. 197.\} 198.It 199The actual binary distribution is in the 200.Pa \*M/binary/sets/ 201directory. 202When you boot the install 203.if \n[i386] CD-ROM or floppies, 204.if \n[macppc] kernel from floppies, hard drive, or CD-ROM, 205.if \n[sparc] floppies or CD-ROM, 206.if \n[sparc64] CD-ROM or installation kernel, 207the installation program 208can fetch these files for you (using e.g. ftp), 209if you have a network connection. 210There are several other methods to get the binary sets onto 211your machine. 212.Pp 213You will at a minimum need 214.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 215one of the kernel sets, typically 216.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 217as well as 218.\} 219.el \{\ 220the following sets: 221.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 222.\} 223.Pa base.tgz 224and 225.Pa etc.tgz . 226In a typical workstation installation you will probably want 227all the installation sets. 228.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 229.It 230Write the CD-ROM images or floppy images out. 231.Pp 232Many commercial and freeware programs are available to burn CD-ROMs. 233.Pp 234If you have problems writing a raw image to a floppy, 235the 236.Ic rawrite.exe 237MS-DOS program 238or the 239.Ic Rawrite32.exe 240Windows32 program (inside 241.Pa rawrite32.zip ) 242in the 243.Pa i386/installation/misc/ 244directory may be of help. 245.\} 246.if \n[macppc] \{\ 247.It 248If your \*M has a floppy drive, create the pair of boot floppies using 249.Ic suntar 250(MacOS 9), 251.Ic rawrite 252(Windows), or 253.Ic dd 254(any 255.Ul 256system with floppy support). If your system has Open Firmware 3, drag 257.Pa ofwboot.xcf No and Pa netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz 258to your hard drive icon (the top level of the drive, not the desktop). 259If you are using the CD image, burn it now. 260.\} 261.if \n[sparc] \{\ 262.It 263Make sure your sparc's CD-ROM drive is bootable. 264Burn the CD. 265Otherwise, write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies 266(after uncompressing disk1.gz). 267.\} 268.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 269.It 270Burn the CD or put the installation kernel and bootloader 271at the root level of a bootable 272.Tn Solaris 273or 274.Nx 275partition. 276.\} 277.Pp 278The disk(s) you just prepared will be used to boot the installation 279kernel, which contains all the tools required to install 280.Nx . 281.if \n[macppc] \{\ 282.It 283Determine your machine's model, quirks, and Open Firmware version from the 284.Nx*M 285Model Support webpage. 286.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/macppc/models.html 287.Pp 288At present, 289.Nx*M 290cannot exist on the same hard drive as 291.Tn Mac OS 292unless you partition your disk before running the installer. 293Open Firmware versions prior to 3 require a dedicated 294.Nx 295drive \(em you must use the entire disk, 296partitioned with the installation tools. 297Open Firmware version 3 cannot boot into 298.Nx 299on a drive partitioned with the installation tools, you must partition 300your disk before running the installer, then select the 301.Dq Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets" 302option in the installer (selecting the 303.Dq Me "Install NetBSD to hard disk" 304or 305.Dq Me "Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk" 306options will render your drive unbootable). 307If you are unsure, you may want to read the section below on 308.Sx Partitioning your hard drive for NetBSD 309.It 310For systems with Open Firmware versions prior to 3, you may need to use 311Apple's System Disk utility to enter Open Firmware and use your screen and 312keyboard. 313To enter Open Firmware, hold down the 314.Key COMMAND-OPTION-O-F 315keys after the boot chime starts, but before the chime ends. 316Entering Open Firmware versions prior to 3 is usually the most frustrating 317part of installation \(em you may want to read the section below on 318.Sx Older Open Firmware System Preparation 319.Pp 320You should have the Open Firmware 321.Dq Pa "0 \*>" 322prompt on your screen before attempting to boot 323.Nx*M . 324.\} 325.if \n[macppc] \{\ 326.It 327At the Open Firmware prompt, type the command to boot. 328To boot from the installation floppies, the command is 329.Dq Ic "boot fd:0" . 330For the install kernel and bootloader on your hard drive (Open Firmware 3313), the command is 332.Dq Ic "boot hd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz" . 333.Pp 334For boot CDs, the command is something like 335.Dq Ic "boot cd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd.macppc" 336(for Open Firmware 3) or 337.Dq Ic "boot scsi-int/sd@3:0 NETBSD.MACPPC" 338(for earlier Open Firmware versions). 339You will need to use the correct case for 340.Ic OFWBOOT.XCF No and Ic NETBSD.MACPPC 341depending on how your version of Open Firmware interprets the ISO 342file system. 343You may need to replace 344.Ic cd 345with 346.Ic "scsi/sd@3 , scsi-int/sd@3 , ata/atapi-disk ," 347or some other device alias. 348You should also use the Open Firmware 349.Ic dir 350command to confirm that the 351.Nx*M 352kernel is called 353.Pa NETBSD.MACPPC . 354You may want to read the section below on 355.Sx Open Firmware boot syntax 356.\} 357.if \n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ 358.It 359You will need to get to the 360.if \n[sparc] OpenBoot PROM 361.if \n[sparc64] OpenFirmware 362.Dq Ic "ok" 363prompt. 364After your system first powers on, and displays some initial information, 365press the 366.Key STOP-A 367keys, or send a BREAK if you're on a serial console. 368At the 369.Dq Ic "ok" 370prompt, type the command to boot your system into 371.Nx . 372.\} 373.if \n[sparc] \{\ 374The command to boot from CD is one of the following commands (depending on 375your model): 376.Dq Ic b sd(,30,) , 377.Dq Ic boot sd(,30,) , 378or 379.Dq Ic boot cdrom . 380.Pp 381The command to boot from floppy is either 382.Dq Ic boot fd(,,1) 383or 384.Dq Ic boot floppy . 385The installer will prompt you to insert the second floppy when it is ready 386for it. 387.\} 388.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 389The command to boot from CD is: 390.Dq Ic boot cdrom . 391The command to boot the 392.Nx 393kernel from a 394.Tn Solaris 395or 396.Nx 397partition depends on which disk and partition it is on. 398To boot from the first partition of the first (primary) disk: 399.Dq Ic "boot disk:a /ofwboot -a" . 400When it asks you for a kernel, specify 401.Dq Ic "netbsd-INSTALL.gz" 402.\} 403.It 404For third-party programs which are not part of the base 405.Nx 406distribution, you will want to explore the 407.Ic pkgsrc 408system with its many thousands of third party software applications. 409.El 410.\} 411.Ss "What is NetBSD?" 412.Pp 413. 414The 415.Nx 416Operating System is a fully functional 417.Tn Open Source 418.Ul 419operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley 420Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. 421.Nx 422runs on fifty four different system architectures (ports), 423featuring seventeen machine architectures 424across fifteen distinct CPU families, 425and is being ported to more. 426The 427.Nx 428\*V release contains complete binary releases for many different 429system architectures. 430(A few ports are not fully supported at this time 431and are thus not part of the binary distribution. 432Please see the 433.Nx 434web site at 435.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ 436for information on them.) 437.Pp 438.Nx 439is a completely integrated system. 440In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel, 441.nh 442.Nx 443features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several 444languages, the X Window System, firewall software 445and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code. 446.Pp 447.\" XXX Should we include some text here about NetBSD's license 448.\" policies and how commercial-friendly it is? 449.Nx 450is a creation of the members of the Internet community. 451Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes 452possible, it's likely that 453.Nx 454wouldn't exist. 455. 456.if \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ 457.Ss Changes Between The NetBSD 4.0 and 5.0 Releases 458.Pp 459The 460.Nx 461\*V release 462provides numerous significant functional enhancements, including 463support for many new devices, integration of hundreds of bug fixes, 464new and updated kernel subsystems, and many user-land enhancements. 465The result of these improvements is a stable operating system fit for 466production use that rivals most commercially available systems. 467.Pp 468It is impossible to completely summarize more than a year of development that 469went into the 470.Nx 471\*V release. 472.\" {BEGIN from htdocs/releases/formal-5/NetBSD-5.0.xml#major-changes 473The complete list of changes can be found in the 474CHANGES: 475.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/CHANGES 476and 477CHANGES-4.0: 478.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/CHANGES-4.0 479files in the top level directory of the NetBSD 4.0 release tree. Some highlights include: 480.Ss2 Networking 481.(bullet 482.Xr agr 4 : 483new pseudo-device driver for link level aggregation. 484.It 485IPv6 support was extended with an RFC 3542-compliant API and added for 486.Xr gre 4 487tunnels and the 488.Xr tun 4 489device. 490.It 491A NDIS-wrapper was added to use Windows binary drivers on the i386 platform, see 492.Xr ndiscvt 8 . 493.It 494The IPv4 source-address selection policy can be set from a number of algorithms. See "IPSRCSEL" in 495.Xr options 4 496and 497.Xr in_getifa 9 . 498.It 499Imported 500.Xr wpa_supplicant 8 501and 502.Xr wpa_cli 8 . 503Utilities to connect and handle aspects of 802.11 WPA networks. 504.It 505Imported 506.Xr hostapd 8 . 507An authenticator for IEEE 802.11 networks. 508.It 509.Xr carp 4 : 510imported Common Address Redundancy Protocol to allow multiple hosts to share a set of IP addresses for high availability / redundancy, from OpenBSD. 511.It 512ALTQ support for the PF packet filter. 513.It 514.Xr etherip 4 : 515new EtherIP tunneling device. It's able to tunnel Ethernet traffic over IPv4 and IPv6 using the EtherIP protocol specified in RFC 3378. 516.It 517.Xr ftpd 8 518can now run in standalone mode, instead of from 519.Xr inetd 8 . 520.It 521.Xr tftp 1 522now has support for multicast TFTP operation in open-loop mode, server is in progress. 523.It 524.Xr tcp 4 : 525added support for RFC 3465 Appropriate Byte Counting (ABC) and Explicit Congestion Notification as defined in RFC 3168. 526.bullet) 527. 528.Ss2 File systems 529.(bullet 530.Xr scan_ffs 8 , 531.Xr scan_lfs 8 : 532utilities to find FFSv1/v2 and LFS partitions to recover lost disklabels on disks and image files. 533.It 534tmpfs: added a new memory-based file system aimed at replacing mfs. Contrary to mfs, it is not based on a disk file system, so it is more efficient both in overall memory consumption and speed. See 535.Xr mount_tmpfs 8 . 536.It 537Added UDF support for optical media and block devices, see 538.Xr mount_udf 8 . 539Read-only for now. 540.It 541NFS export list handling was changed to be filesystem independent. 542.It 543LFS: lots of stability improvements and new cleaner daemon. It is now also possible to use LFS as root filesystem. 544.It 545.Xr vnd 4 : 546the vnode disk driver can be used on filesystems such as smbfs and tmpfs. 547.It 548Support for System V Boot File System was added, see 549.Xr newfs_sysvbfs 8 550and 551.Xr mount_sysvbfs 8 . 552.bullet) 553. 554.Ss2 Drivers 555.(bullet 556Audio: 557.(bullet 558Support for new models on drivers such as Intel ICH8/6300ESB, NVIDIA nForce 3/4, etc. 559.It 560Added support for AC'97 modems. 561.It 562.Xr auich 4 : 563added support to handle the AC'97 modem as audio device, enabled with the kernel option 564.Dq AUICH_ATTACH_MODEM 565. 566.It 567.Xr azalia 4 : 568added support for S/PDIF. 569.bullet) 570. 571.It 572Hardware Monitors: 573.(bullet 574.Xr amdpm 4 : 575added support for the i2c bus on the AMD-8111 used on many Opteron motherboards and for the Analog Devices ADT7464 hardware monitor chip. 576.It 577.Xr adt7467c 4 : 578new driver for Analog Devices ADT7467 and ADM1030 hardware monitor chips. 579.It 580.Xr ipmi 4 : 581new driver for motherboards implementing the Intelligent Platform Management Interface 1.5 or 2.0, from OpenBSD. 582.It 583.Xr it 4 : 584new driver for iTE 8705F/8712F and SiS 950 hardware monitors. 585.It 586The 587.Xr lm 4 588driver was rewritten and support for more chips was added, for example for Winbond W83627HF, W83627THF, W83627DHG and Asus AS99127F. 589.It 590.Xr owtemp 4 : 591new driver for the 1-Wire temperature sensors. 592.It 593.Xr tmp121temp 4 : 594new driver for the Texas Instruments TMP121 temperature sensor. 595.It 596.Xr ug 4 : 597new driver for Abit uGuru hardware monitor found on newer Abit motherboards. 598.bullet) 599. 600.It 601Miscellaneous: 602.(bullet 603.Xr geodewdog 4 : 604new AMD Geode SC1100 Watchdog Timer driver. 605.It 606.Xr gscpcib 4 : 607new AMD Geode SC1100 PCI-ISA bridge that provides support for the GPIO interface. 608.bullet) 609. 610.It 611Networking: 612.(bullet 613.Xr ath 4 : 614updated HALs with support for WiSOC (AR531x) and 32bit SPARC. 615.It 616.Xr bge 4 : 617added support for the following chips: BCM5753, BCM5753M, BCM5715, BCM5754, BCM5755 and BCM5787. Numerous improvements and bugfixes were made too. 618.It 619.Xr kse 4 : 620new driver for Micrel KSZ8842/8841 PCI network cards. 621.It 622.Xr msk 4 : 623new driver for Marvell Yukon 2 GigE PCI network cards, from OpenBSD. 624.It 625.Xr nfe 4 : 626new driver for NVIDIA nForce Ethernet network cards, from OpenBSD. 627.It 628.Xr ral 4 : 629new 802.11 driver for PCI/Cardbus Ralink RT2500, RT2501, RT2600, RT2661 and RT2500 USB chipsets, from OpenBSD. 630.It 631.Xr rum 4 : 632new 802.11 driver for USB Ralink RT2501 and RT2601 chipsets, from OpenBSD. 633.It 634.Xr sip 4 : 635now works on sparc64. 636.It 637.Xr tlp 4 : 638added support for ASIX AX88140A and AX88141. 639.It 640.Xr vr 4 : 641added support for the VIA Rhine III. 642.It 643.Xr wm 4 : 644added support for i8003, ICH8, ICH9 and others. Support for IPv6 Rx TCP/UDP Checksum Offloading and more. 645.It 646.Xr wpi 4 : 647new driver for Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG PCI 802.11 network cards, from OpenBSD. 648.bullet) 649. 650.It 651Security: 652.(bullet 653.Xr glxsb 4 : 654new driver for the AMD Geode LX AES Security Block that provides random numbers and AES acceleration, from OpenBSD. 655.bullet) 656. 657.It 658Power Management: 659.(bullet 660Support for Intel Speedstep SMI on PIIX4 PCI-ISA for i386. 661.It 662Support for AMD PowerNow and Cool'n'Quiet Technology on K7 and K8 CPUs (both in 32 and 64 bit mode), including Athlon Mobile, Athlon64, Opteron or X2. See 663.Xr options 4 664for more information. 665.It 666Support for more Enhanced Speedstep CPUs, including VIA C7/Eden and Intel Core Solo/Duo/Duo2. See 667.Xr options 4 668for more information. 669.It 670The Enhanced Speedstep and PowerNow drivers were modified to be able to be scaled in all CPUs available, saving power on SMP systems. 671.bullet) 672. 673.It 674Storage: 675.(bullet 676.Xr ahcisata 4 : 677new driver for AHCI 1.0 and 1.1 compliant SATA controllers. 678.It 679.Xr ataraid 4 : 680added support to handle Adaptec HostRAID and VIA V-Tech software RAID. 681.It 682.Xr ciss 4 : 683new driver for HP/Compaq 5th+ generation Smart ARRAY controllers, from OpenBSD. 684.It 685.Xr fdc 4 : 686added support for SBus based sparc64 machines and fixed formatting on sparc. 687.It 688.Xr gcscide 4 : 689new driver for the AMD Geode CS5535 Companion Device IDE controller. 690.It 691.Xr jmide 4 : 692new driver for JMicron Technology JMB36x PCIe to SATA II/PATA controllers. 693.It 694.Xr mfi 4 : 695new driver for LSI Logic and Dell MegaRAID SAS controllers, from OpenBSD. 696.It 697.Xr mpt 4 : 698added support for newer SAS and similar devices. 699.It 700.Xr njata 4 : 701new driver for Workbit NinjaATA-32 CardBus IDE controller. 702.It 703.Xr pdcsata 4 : 704added support for the Promise PDC20775, PDC20771, PDC40518, PDC40718 and some bugfixes. 705.It 706.Xr piixide 4 : 707added support for some ICH8/ICH8-M/ICH9 IDE and SATA controllers. 708.It 709.Xr svwsata 4 : 710new driver for Serverworks K2 SATA controllers, from OpenBSD. 711.It 712.Xr viaide 4 713added support for the VIA VT8237A SATA controller and AMD CS5536 Companion Device IDE Controller. 714.bullet) 715. 716.It 717USB: 718.(bullet 719.Xr ucycom 4 : 720new driver for Cypress microcontroller based serial devices. 721.It 722.Xr uipaq 4 : 723new driver for the iPAQ devices. 724.It 725.Xr uslsa 4 : 726new driver for Silicon Labs CP210x series serial adapters. 727.It 728.Xr utoppy 4 : 729new driver for the Topfield TF5000PVR range of digital video recorders. 730.bullet) 731. 732.bullet) 733. 734.Ss2 Platforms 735.(bullet 736i386: 737.(bullet 738Added support for the for Multiboot specification. This means much improved support for loading the kernel by GRUB, including passing in parameters to the kernel. 739.It 740Added the unichromefb framebuffer driver that supports the VIA Unichrome Graphics adapter. 741.It 742.Xr vesafb 4 : 743added new framebuffer driver that supports VESA BIOS (VBE) 2.0 extensions and up. 744.It 745Added cd9660 file system support to the BIOS bootloader. 746.bullet) 747. 748.It 749evbarm: new platform support for Arcom Viper PXA255-based single board, Atmark Techno Armadillo-9 and Armadillo-210, Certance CP-3100, Linksys NSLU2 (a.k.a. "Slug") and I-O DATA HDL-G Giga LANDISK NAS devices. 750.It 751evbmips: added support for Alchemy Au1550 processors, DBAu1550 boards, Alchemy Au15XX PCI host, (OMS-AL400/128) and Atheros AR5312 SoC. 752.It 753New port 754ews4800mips: NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 755.It 756cobalt: added support for booting off raidframe RAID1 mirrors. 757.It 758hpcmips: added the 759.Xr teliosio 4 760driver for the Sharp Telios LCD screen and Battery unit. 761.It 762New port 763landisk: port to the SH4 processor based NAS appliances, supporting models by I-O DATA (USL-5P, HDL-U, HDL-AV, HDL-W and HDLM-U series, SuperTank LAN Tank, UHDL-160U and UHDL-300U) and Plextor PX-EH16L, PX-EH25L and PX-EH40L. 764.It 765macppc: this port has gained support to use accelerated wsdisplay drivers by default (if possible), and uses the appropriate driver rather than the Generic Open Firmware Framebuffer. 766.It 767prep: this port has been modernized, and support for five additional machines has been added, among them the IBM 7024-E20 and 7025-F30 models and Motorola Powerstack E1. Additionally, sysinst support was added, and the bootloader process was improved, allowing easy installation and upgrade to future releases. 768.It 769sparc: added support for booting off raidframe RAID1 mirrors. 770.It 771Xen: support for Xen3 domU and dom0 (Unprivileged domain and domain 0), including support for hardware virtualization on CPUs that support it. 772.bullet) 773. 774.Ss2 Kernel subsystems 775.(bullet 776Improved Firewire (IEEE1394) support imported from FreeBSD. 777.It 778The 779.Xr midi 4 780framework got a complete overhaul for better support of Active Sensing and improved handling of tempo and timebase changes. 781.It 782Added a Bluetooth protocol stack including: 783.(bullet 784hardware drivers: 785.Xr ubt 4 786for USB controllers, and 787.Xr bt3c 4 788for the 3Com Bluetooth PC-Card. 789.It 790socket based access to the HCI, L2CAP, RFCOMM and SCO protocols. 791.It 792pseudo drivers for integrating services on remote Bluetooth devices such as Keyboards, Mice and SCO Audio into the NetBSD device framework. 793.bullet) 794. 795.Pp 796See 797.Xr bluetooth 4 , 798.Xr bthset 1 799and 800.Xr btpin 1 . 801.It 802Imported the 803.Xr bio 4 804framework from OpenBSD, to query/control block hardware RAID device controllers. Currently supporting the 805.Xr mfi 4 806driver. 807.It 808Kernel uses stateful read-ahead algorithm. 809.It 810.Xr dkctl 8 811can be used to switch buffer queuing strategies on the fly on 812.Xr wd 4 813disks, see also 814.Xr bufq 9 . 815.It 816.Xr fileassoc 9 817is used by Veriexec, it adds in-kernel and file-system independent file meta-data association interface. 818.It 819.Xr firmload 9 : 820an API for loading firmware images used by various hardware devices. 821.It 822.Xr gpio 4 : 823imported General Purpose I/O framework from OpenBSD. 824.It 825.Xr onewire 4 : 826imported Dallas Semiconductor 1-wire bus framework from OpenBSD. 827.It 828The 829.Xr proplib 3 830protocol was added for sending property lists to/from the kernel using ioctls. 831.It 832.Xr spi 4 : 833new SPI (Serial Peripherial Interface) framework. 834.It 835.Xr timecounter 9 836adds a new time-keeping infrastructure along with NTP API 4 nanokernel implementation. Almost all platforms were changed to support this API. 837.It 838Start of 32bit-Linux-emulation for amd64 (COMPAT_LINUX32). 839.It 840.Xr wscons 4 841console driver supports splash screens, scrolling, progress bar for kernel and boot messages. 842.bullet) 843. 844.Pp 845Kernel interfaces have continued to be refined, and more subsystems and device drivers are shared among the different ports. You can look for this trend to continue. 846.Ss2 Security 847.(bullet 848The FAST_IPSEC IPsec implementation was extended to use hardware acceleration for IPv6, in addition to the hardware accelerated IPv4 that was available before. See 849.Xr fast_ipsec 4 850for more information. 851.It 852.Xr mprotect 2 853got restrictions to enforce W^X policies, from PaX. See 854.Xr options 4 , 855.Xr sysctl 3 , 856and 857.Xr paxctl 1 . 858.It 859GCC 4's support for stack smashing protection (SSP) was enabled by adding libssp, see 860.Xr security 8 . 861.It 862The kernel authorization framework 863.Xr kauth 9 864was added, replacing the traditional BSD credential management and privileged operation access control with an abstract layer, allowing the implementation of various security models either as part of the NetBSD distribution or as third-party LKMs. 865.Pp 866NetBSD's kernel authorization is a hybrid clean-room implementation of a similar interface developed by Apple, extending its capabilities and combining concepts of credential inheritance control. 867.bullet) 868. 869.Ss2 Userland 870.(bullet 8713rd party software updates: 872.(bullet 873BIND 9.4.1-P1 874.It 875OpenSSL 0.9.8e 876.It 877CVS 1.11.22 878.It 879OpenSSH 4.4 880.It 881gettext 0.14.4 882.It 883PF from OpenBSD 3.7 884.It 885(n)awk 20050424 886.It 887Postfix 2.4.5 888.It 889am-utils 6.1.3 890.It 891file 4.21 892.It 893zlib 1.2.3 894.It 895GNU binutils 2.16.1 896.It 897GNU groff 1.19.2 898.It 899IPFilter 4.1.23 900.It 901GNU gcc 4.1.2 prerelease 902.It 903GNU gdb 6.5 (some architectures) 904.It 905NTP 4.2.4p2 906.It 907pppd 2.4.4 908.bullet) 909. 910.It 911.Xr cdplay 1 : 912added digital transfer mode support. 913.It 914.Xr cksum 1 915can now verify checksums. 916.It 917.Xr csplit 1 : 918new utility that splits a file into pieces. From FreeBSD/OpenBSD. 919.It 920.Xr identd 1 : 921added support for forwarding ident queries and receiving of proxied ident queries. 922.It 923.Xr getent 1 : 924added support for the ethers database. 925.It 926.Xr gkermit 1 : 927new program for transferring files using the Kermit protocol. 928.It 929.Xr mail 1 : 930added support for Mime and multi-character set handling, command line editing and completion. 931.It 932.Xr utoppya 1 : 933new utility to interface to the 934.Xr utoppy 4 935driver. 936.It 937.Xr init 8 : 938added support for running multi-user in a chroot() environment. Allows / file system on e.g., 939.Xr cgd 4 , 940.Xr vnd 4 941or 942.Xr ccd 4 943volumes. 944.It 945.Xr gpt 8 : 946new GUID partition table maintenance utility, from FreeBSD. 947.It 948iSCSI target (server) code added, see 949.Xr iscsi-target 8 ; 950Initiator (client) code is underway. 951.It 952.Xr lockstat 8 : 953new command to display a summary of kernel locking events recorded over the lifetime of a called program. 954.It 955.Xr ofctl 8 : 956new command to display the OpenPROM or OpenFirmware device tree for the macppc, shark and sparc64. 957.It 958Various utilities to support Bluetooth were added: 959.(bullet 960.Xr btconfig 8 961for controller configuration. 962.It 963.Xr btdevctl 8 964to manage pseudo devices relating to remote services. 965.It 966.Xr bthcid 8 967and 968.Xr btpin 1 969for authenticating radio connections. 970.It 971.Xr sdpd 8 972for providing service discovery to remote devices. 973.It 974.Xr sdpquery 1 975for querying services on remote devices. 976.It 977.Xr rfcomm_sppd 1 978to access remote services over RFCOMM via stdio or pty. 979.It 980.Xr bthset 1 981for making connections to Bluetooth headsets. 982.bullet) 983. 984.bullet) 985. 986.Pp 987Besides this list, there have also been innumerable bug fixes and other miscellaneous enhancements of course. 988.Ss2 Components removed from NetBSD 989.Pp 990In this release of NetBSD, some software components known from previous releases were removed from the system. In some cases those were components that are not useful anymore or their utility does not justify maintenance overhead. Other components were not working properly and there was lack of interest in fixing them. 991.(bullet 992Sushi was removed from the base system due to lack of interest and maintenance. If you really want it, it is available in the CVS repository at othersrc/usr.sbin/sushi. However, be warned that it is unmaintained and is most likely out of date. 993.It 994Vinum was removed due to lack of interest and maintenance. At the time of removal, it had several known serious issues (including not being compilable). RAIDframe provides similar functionality. If you were using Vinum you will need to back up your data, delete the Vinum partitions, create RAIDframe partitions, and restore your data to them. Details about RAIDframe can be found in 995.Xr raid 4 , 996.Xr raidctl 8 , 997and the 998NetBSD Guide: 999.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-rf.html . 1000.It 1001Sendmail was removed. Postfix is the MTA and provides the 1002.Xr sendmail 1 1003command line tool. Postfix has been included with NetBSD since NetBSD 1.5 was released in December 2005. Details about Postfix can be found in the 1004NetBSD Guide: 1005.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-mail.html . 1006For those who need Sendmail, it is available from pkgsrc in the 1007.Pa mail/sendmail 1008and 1009.Pa mail/sendmail813 1010packages. 1011.It 1012NETCCITT and NETNS were removed due to lack of interest and maintenance. They had known serious issues (including being out of date with respect to other network code) and there were no known users at the time of their removal. Unfortunately, there is no replacement or option for them. 1013.It 1014UUCP was removed. The NetBSD improvements were merged into the pkgsrc version. For those who use UUCP tools, they are available from pkgsrc in the 1015.Pa net/uucp 1016package. The 1017.Xr cu 1 1018command is available as a frontend to 1019.Xr tip 1 . 1020.It 1021The Fortran 77 compiler ( 1022g77 1023) has been removed with the transition from GCC 3 to GCC 4, which does not include it. For those who need it, it is available from pkgsrc in the 1024.Pa lang/gcc3-f77 1025package. 1026.It 1027The evbsh5 port has been removed from NetBSD due to lack of interest, compounded by a lack of available SH5 hardware. 1028.bullet) 1029. 1030.\" END from htdocs/releases/formal-5/NetBSD-5.0.xml#major-changes } 1031.pso ../printwhatis 1032.\} \" \n[FOR_RELEASE] 1033. 1034.Ss "The Future of NetBSD" 1035.Pp 1036. 1037The 1038.Nx 1039Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit 1040organization. 1041Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the free exchange 1042of computer software, namely the 1043.Nx 1044Operating 1045System. 1046The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more 1047smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization. 1048In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties 1049that wish to become involved in the 1050.Nx 1051Project. 1052.Pp 1053The 1054.Nx 1055Foundation will help improve the quality of 1056.Nx 1057by: 1058.(bullet 1059providing better organization to keep track of development 1060efforts, including co-ordination with groups working in 1061related fields. 1062.It 1063providing a framework to receive donations of goods and 1064services and to own the resources necessary to run the 1065.Nx 1066Project. 1067.It 1068providing a better position from which to undertake 1069promotional activities. 1070.It 1071periodically organizing workshops for developers and other 1072interested people to discuss ongoing work. 1073.bullet) 1074.Pp 1075We hope to support even 1076.Em more 1077hardware in the future, and we have a 1078rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve 1079.Nx . 1080.Pp 1081We intend to continue our current practice of making the 1082NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis. 1083.Pp 1084We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources 1085submit them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the 1086usability of the system. 1087.Pp 1088Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be 1089responsive to the needs and desires of 1090.Nx 1091users, because it is for 1092and because of them that 1093.Nx 1094exists. 1095.br_ne 10P 1096. 1097.Ss "Sources of NetBSD" 1098.Pp 1099. 1100Refer to 1101.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/. 1102.br_ne 10P 1103. 1104.Ss "NetBSD \*V Release Contents 1105.Pp 1106. 1107The root directory of the 1108.Nx 1109\*V release is organized as follows: 1110.ie \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ 1111.Pp 1112.Pa .../NetBSD-\*V/ 1113.(tag README.files 1114.It Li CHANGES 1115Changes between 1116.Nx 11174.0 and branching 5.0. 1118.It Li CHANGES-5.0 1119Changes since 1120.Nx 11215.0 was branched. 1122.It Li CHANGES.prev 1123Changes in earlier 1124.Nx 1125releases. 1126.It Li LAST_MINUTE 1127Last minute changes. 1128.It Li MIRRORS 1129A list of sites that mirror the 1130.Nx 1131\*V distribution. 1132.It Li README.files 1133README describing the distribution's contents. 1134.It Li TODO 1135.Nx Ns 's 1136todo list (also somewhat incomplete and out of date). 1137.It Pa patches/ 1138Post-release source code patches. 1139.It Pa source/ 1140Source distribution sets; see below. 1141.tag) 1142.Pp 1143In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one 1144directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which 1145.Nx 1146\*V has a binary distribution. 1147.Pp 1148The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the 1149.Pa source 1150subdirectory of the distribution tree. 1151They contain the complete sources to the system. 1152The source distribution sets are as follows: 1153.(tag sharesrc 1154.It Sy gnusrc 1155This set contains the 1156.Dq gnu 1157sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, 1158and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets. 1159.showsize 95 484 1160.It Sy sharesrc 1161This set contains the 1162.Dq share 1163sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated 1164with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document 1165set; the dictionaries; and more. 1166.showsize 6 25 1167.It Sy src 1168This set contains all of the base 1169.Nx 1170\*V sources which are not in 1171.Sy gnusrc , 1172.Sy sharesrc , 1173or 1174.Sy syssrc . 1175.showsize 45 214 1176.It Sy syssrc 1177This set contains the sources to the 1178.Nx 1179\*V kernel for all architectures; 1180.Xr config 1 ; 1181and 1182.Xr dbsym 8 . 1183.showsize 33 165 1184.It Sy xsrc 1185This set contains the sources to the X Window System. 1186.showsize 95 502 1187.tag) 1188.Pp 1189All the above source sets are located in the 1190.Pa source/sets 1191subdirectory of the distribution tree. 1192.Pp 1193The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. 1194Except for the 1195.Sy pkgsrc 1196set, which is traditionally unpacked into 1197.Pa /usr/pkgsrc , 1198all sets may be unpacked into 1199.Pa /usr/src 1200with the command: 1201.Dl # Ic "cd / ; tar -zxpf set_name.tgz" 1202.Pp 1203In each of the source distribution set directories, there are 1204files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory: 1205.(tag SYSVSUM -offset indent 1206.It Li BSDSUM 1207Historic 1208.Bx 1209checksums for the various files 1210in that directory, in the format produced by the command: 1211.br 1212.Ic cksum -o 1 Ar file . 1213.It Li CKSUM 1214.Tn POSIX 1215checksums for the various files in that 1216directory, in the format produced by the command: 1217.br 1218.Ic cksum Ar file . 1219.It Li MD5 1220.Tn MD5 1221digests for the various files in that 1222directory, in the format produced by the command: 1223.br 1224.Ic cksum -a MD5 Ar file . 1225.It Li SHA512 1226.Tn SHA512 1227digests for the various files in that 1228directory, in the format produced by the command: 1229.br 1230.Ic cksum -a SHA512 Ar file . 1231.It Li SYSVSUM 1232Historic AT\*&T System V 1233.Ux 1234checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by 1235the command: 1236.br 1237.Ic cksum -o 2 Ar file . 1238.tag) 1239.Pp 1240The SHA512 digest is the safest checksum, followed by the MD5 digest, 1241and finally the POSIX checksum. 1242The other two checksums are provided only to ensure 1243that the widest possible range of systems can check the integrity 1244of the release files. 1245.\} 1246.el \{\ 1247.Pp 1248.Pa \&.../NetBSD-current/tar_files/ 1249.(item -compact -offset indent 1250.Pa pkgsrc.tar.gz 1251.It 1252.Pa src/*.tar.gz 1253.It 1254.Pa xsrc/*.tar.gz 1255.item) 1256.Pp 1257Other directories provide unpacked source trees e.g. for distribution via 1258the the software update protocol (SUP) or the 1259concurrent version system (CVS). For more information see: 1260.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/ 1261.\} 1262. 1263. 1264.so ../common/contents ----------------------------------------------- 1265. 1266. 1267.(Note 1268Each directory in the \*M binary distribution also has its 1269own checksum files, just as the source distribution does. 1270.Note) 1271.br_ne 7P 1272. 1273.Ss "NetBSD/\*M System Requirements and Supported Devices" 1274. 1275.so hardware ----------------------------------------------- 1276.br_ne 7P 1277. 1278.if \n[xen] \{.Ss "Installation options" 1279.br_ne 7P 1280. 1281.so instopt ----------------------------------------------- 1282.\} 1283. 1284.Ss "Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media" 1285. 1286.so xfer ----------------------------------------------- 1287.br_ne 7P 1288. 1289.Ss "Preparing your System for NetBSD installation" 1290. 1291.so prep ----------------------------------------------- 1292.br_ne 7P 1293. 1294.ie \n[mac68k] .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System (Sysinst Method)" 1295.el .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System" 1296. 1297.so install ----------------------------------------------- 1298.br_ne 7P 1299. 1300.Ss "Post installation steps" 1301. 1302.so ../common/postinstall ----------------------------------------------- 1303.br_ne 7P 1304. 1305.Ss "Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System" 1306. 1307.so upgrade ----------------------------------------------- 1308.br_ne 7P 1309. 1310.Ss "Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases" 1311.Pp 1312. 1313Users upgrading from previous versions of 1314.Nx 1315may wish to bear the 1316following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to 1317.Nx 1318\*V. 1319.Pp 1320N.B. when using 1321.Ic sysinst 1322for upgrading, it will automatically invoke 1323.(disp 1324postinstall fix 1325.disp) 1326and thus all issues that are fixed by 1327.Ic postinstall 1328by default (see below) will be handled. 1329. 1330.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 2.1 and older releases. 1331See the sections below on upgrading from NetBSD 3.x and upgrading from 1332NetBSD 4.x as well. 1333.Pp 1334It is 1335.Sy very important 1336that you populate the directory 1337.Pa /etc/pam.d 1338with appropriate configuration files for Pluggable Authentication Modules 1339(PAM) because you will not be able to login any more otherwise. Using 1340.Em postinstall 1341as described below will take care of this. Please refer to 1342.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-pam.html 1343for documentation about PAM. 1344.Pp 1345The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1346.Em postinstall 1347with the 1348.Sy etc 1349set : 1350.(disp 1351postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1352postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1353.disp) 1354.Pp 1355Issues fixed by 1356.Em postinstall : 1357.(bullet -offset indent 1358Various files in 1359.Pa /etc 1360need upgrading. 1361These include: 1362.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1363.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1364.It 1365.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1366.It 1367.Pa /etc/pam.d/* 1368.It 1369.Pa /etc/daily 1370.It 1371.Pa /etc/weekly 1372.It 1373.Pa /etc/monthly 1374.It 1375.Pa /etc/security 1376.It 1377.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1378.It 1379.Pa /etc/rc 1380.It 1381.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1382.It 1383.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1384.bullet) 1385.bullet) 1386. 1387.Pp 1388The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1389. 1390.(bullet -offset indent 1391The user 1392.Sq _pflogd 1393and the groups 1394.Sq _pflogd 1395and 1396.Sq authpf 1397need to be created. 1398.bullet) 1399. 1400.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 3.x releases. 1401See the section below on upgrading from NetBSD 4.x as well. 1402.Pp 1403The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1404.Em postinstall 1405with the 1406.Sy etc 1407set : 1408.(disp 1409postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1410postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1411.disp) 1412.Pp 1413Issues fixed by 1414.Em postinstall : 1415.(bullet -offset indent 1416Various files in 1417.Pa /etc 1418need upgrading. 1419These include: 1420.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1421.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1422.It 1423.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1424.It 1425.Pa /etc/daily 1426.It 1427.Pa /etc/weekly 1428.It 1429.Pa /etc/monthly 1430.It 1431.Pa /etc/security 1432.It 1433.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1434.It 1435.Pa /etc/rc 1436.It 1437.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1438.It 1439.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1440.It 1441.Pa /etc/envsys.conf 1442.bullet) 1443.bullet) 1444. 1445.Pp 1446The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1447. 1448.(bullet -offset indent 1449The users 1450.Sq _proxy , 1451.Sq _rwhod , 1452and 1453.Sq _sdpd 1454and the groups 1455.Sq _proxy , 1456.Sq _rwhod 1457and 1458.Sq _sdpd 1459need to be created and the user 1460.Sq uucp 1461needs to be updated. 1462.It 1463A number of things have been removed from the 1464.Nx 1465\*V release 1466including: the evbsh5 port, the Fortran 77 compiler (g77), NETCCITT, 1467NETNS, Sendmail, Sushi, UUCP, and Vinum. If you were using any of these, 1468then please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the 1469beginning of this document. 1470.It 1471The replacement of Sendmail by Postfix can be handled automatically by 1472.Em postinstall 1473but it is not done by default. 1474If you want to transition to Postfix, the command 1475.(disp 1476postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix mailerconf 1477.disp) 1478will update your 1479.Pa /etc/mailer.conf 1480file to use Postfix as the MTA. When using 1481.Ic sysinst 1482to upgrade the system, it will ask if you want this to be done. 1483.Pp 1484Note that if you have a customized 1485Sendmail setup, you need to set up Postfix in an equivalent way; there 1486is no tool for automatic conversion of Sendmail configuration to a 1487Postfix one. 1488.Pp 1489Postfix will be started up automatically when the system boots. 1490You may see messages like "$sendmail is not set properly" at boot. 1491You can suppress them by removing 1492.Pa /etc/rc.d/sendmail 1493and 1494.Pa /etc/rc.d/smmsp . 1495Those files and other parts of sendmail configuration like files under 1496.Pa /usr/share/sendmail 1497are not removed by default 1498while upgrading for those who want to continue using sendmail from 1499outside the base system. 1500If you want to delete them, 1501.Em postinstall 1502can be used: 1503.(disp 1504postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix sendmail 1505.disp) 1506.bullet) 1507. 1508.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 4.x releases. 1509.Pp 1510The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1511.Em postinstall 1512with the 1513.Sy etc 1514set : 1515.(disp 1516postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1517postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1518.disp) 1519.Pp 1520Issues fixed by 1521.Em postinstall : 1522.(bullet -offset indent 1523Various files in 1524.Pa /etc 1525need upgrading. 1526These include: 1527.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1528.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1529.It 1530.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1531.It 1532.Pa /etc/daily 1533.It 1534.Pa /etc/weekly 1535.It 1536.Pa /etc/monthly 1537.It 1538.Pa /etc/security 1539.It 1540.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1541.It 1542.Pa /etc/rc 1543.It 1544.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1545.It 1546.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1547.It 1548.Pa /etc/envsys.conf 1549.bullet) 1550.bullet) 1551. 1552.Pp 1553The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1554. 1555.(bullet -offset indent 1556The users 1557.Sq _httpd 1558and 1559.Sq _timedc 1560and the groups 1561.Sq _httpd , 1562.Sq _timedc 1563need to be created. 1564.It 1565A number of things have been removed from the 1566.Nx 1567\*V release 1568including: the pc532 port. 1569If you were using any of these, 1570then please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the 1571beginning of this document. 1572.bullet) 1573. 1574.Ss "Using online NetBSD documentation" 1575.Pp 1576Documentation is available if you first install the manual 1577distribution set. 1578Traditionally, the 1579.Dq man pages 1580(documentation) are denoted by 1581.Sq Li name(section) . 1582Some examples of this are 1583.Pp 1584.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1585.Xr intro 1 , 1586.It 1587.Xr man 1 , 1588.It 1589.Xr apropros 1 , 1590.It 1591.Xr passwd 1 , 1592and 1593.It 1594.Xr passwd 5 . 1595.bullet) 1596.Pp 1597The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three 1598are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats 1599are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8. 1600.Pp 1601.No The Em man 1602command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is 1603started by entering 1604.Ic man Op Ar section 1605.Ar topic . 1606The brackets 1607.Op \& 1608around the 1609section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is 1610optional. 1611If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the 1612lowest numbered section name will be displayed. 1613For instance, after logging in, enter 1614.Pp 1615.Dl # Ic "man passwd" 1616.Pp 1617to read the documentation for 1618.Xr passwd 1 . 1619To view the documentation for 1620.Xr passwd 5 , 1621enter 1622.Pp 1623.Dl # Ic "man 5 passwd" 1624.Pp 1625instead. 1626.Pp 1627If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter 1628.Pp 1629.Dl # Ic apropos Ar subject-word 1630.Pp 1631where 1632.Ar subject-word 1633is your topic of interest; a list of possibly 1634related man pages will be displayed. 1635. 1636.Ss Administrivia 1637.Pp 1638. 1639If you've got something to say, do so! 1640We'd like your input. 1641There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list 1642server at 1643.Mt majordomo@NetBSD.org . 1644To get help on using the mailing 1645list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will 1646reply with instructions. 1647.Pp 1648There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and 1649questions about this release. 1650Please send comments to: 1651.Mt netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org . 1652.Pp 1653To report bugs, use the 1654.Xr send-pr 1 1655command shipped with 1656.Nx , 1657and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. 1658Good bug reports include lots of details. 1659Additionally, bug reports can be sent by mail to: 1660.Mt netbsd-bugs@NetBSD.org . 1661.Pp 1662Use of 1663.Xr send-pr 1 1664is encouraged, however, because bugs reported with it 1665are entered into the 1666.Nx 1667bugs database, and thus can't slip through 1668the cracks. 1669.Pp 1670There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of 1671each port of 1672.Nx . 1673Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit 1674.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/ . 1675If 1676you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific 1677port, you probably should contact the 1678.Sq owner 1679of that port (listed 1680below). 1681.Pp 1682If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how 1683you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to: 1684.Mt netbsd-users@NetBSD.org . 1685.Pp 1686As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these 1687mailing lists. 1688Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere, 1689then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that, 1690mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it. 1691. 1692.Ss Thanks go to 1693. 1694.(bullet 1695The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group, 1696including (but not limited to): 1697.Bd -unfilled -offset indent 1698Keith Bostic 1699Ralph Campbell 1700Mike Karels 1701Marshall Kirk McKusick 1702.Ed 1703.Pp 1704for their ongoing work on 1705.Bx 1706systems, support, and encouragement. 1707.It 1708The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the 1709.Nx 1710FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers. 1711.It 1712The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server 1713which runs the CVSweb interface to the 1714.Nx 1715source tree. 1716.It 1717The Lule\[oa] Academic Computer Society for providing the backup 1718services server. 1719.It 1720The Columbia University Computer Science Department for hosting 1721the NYC build cluster. 1722.It 1723The Western Washington University Computer Science Department 1724for running the WWU build cluster that produces daily snapshots. 1725.It 1726The many organizations that provide 1727.Nx 1728mirror sites. 1729.It 1730Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats 1731go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people 1732who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool. 1733.It 1734We list the individuals and organizations 1735that have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support 1736.Nx 1737development, and deserve credit for it at 1738.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/donations/. 1739(If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! 1740We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you 1741wanted to be listed.) 1742.It 1743Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into 1744developing 1745.Nx 1746since its inception in January, 1993. 1747(Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here. 1748If you're one of them, and would like to be mentioned, tell us!) 1749.bullet) 1750. 1751.Ss "We are..." 1752. 1753.Pp 1754(in alphabetical order) 1755.Pp 1756. 1757. 1758.Bl -column xxx "Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino" ".Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org" ".Sy playstation2" 1759. 1760.br_ne 1i 1761.It Em "The NetBSD core group:" 1762.It Ta Ta 1763.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org 1764.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org 1765.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org 1766.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org 1767.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org 1768.It Ta Ta 1769. 1770.br_ne 2i 1771.It Em "The portmasters (and their ports):" 1772.\" 1773.\" XXX created by list-portmasters.pl 1774.\" 1775.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge Ta Sy vax 1776.It Ta Andrew Doran Ta Mt ad Ta Sy amd64 1777.It Ta Andrew Doran Ta Mt ad Ta Sy i386 1778.It Ta Andrey Petrov Ta Mt petrov Ta Sy sparc64 1779.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21 Ta Sy acorn26 1780.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew Ta Mt cherry Ta Sy ia64 1781.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris Ta Sy cats 1782.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj Ta Sy next68k 1783.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber Ta Sy cobalt 1784.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan Ta Sy iyonix 1785.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii Ta Sy hpcarm 1786.It Ta Ichiro FUKUHARA Ta Mt ichiro Ta Sy hpcarm 1787.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is Ta Sy amiga 1788.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy ews4800mips 1789.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy hp300 1790.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy news68k 1791.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober Ta Sy bebox 1792.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober Ta Sy zaurus 1793.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy algor 1794.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy evbarm 1795.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy shark 1796.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan Ta Sy pmax 1797.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc Ta Sy atari 1798.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer Ta Sy xen 1799.It Ta Marcus Comstedt Ta Mt marcus Ta Sy dreamcast 1800.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin Ta Sy sparc64 1801.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette Ta Sy sun2 1802.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt Ta Sy alpha 1803.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt Ta Sy netwinder 1804.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner Ta Sy cesfic 1805.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan Ta Sy macppc 1806.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks Ta Sy x68k 1807.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw Ta Sy sun3 1808.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll Ta Sy hp700 1809.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda Ta Sy arc 1810.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk Ta Sy sparc 1811.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud Ta Sy acorn32 1812.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross Ta Sy alpha 1813.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren Ta Sy sgimips 1814.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr Ta Sy mac68k 1815.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura Ta Sy hpcmips 1816.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy evbmips 1817.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy pmax 1818.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy sbmips 1819.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy evbppc 1820.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy mvme68k 1821.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy mvmeppc 1822.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi Ta Sy ia64 1823.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled Ta Sy prep 1824.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura Ta Sy luna68k 1825.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura Ta Sy sandpoint 1826.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk Ta Sy mipsco 1827.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws Ta Sy ofppc 1828.It Ta Ta Ta 1829. 1830.br_ne 1i 1831.It Em "The NetBSD \*V Release Engineering team:" 1832.It Ta Ta 1833.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org 1834.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org 1835.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org 1836.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org 1837.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org 1838.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org 1839.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org 1840.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org 1841.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org 1842.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org 1843.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org 1844.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org 1845.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org 1846.It Ta Ta 1847. 1848.br_ne 2i 1849.It Em "NetBSD Developers:" 1850.\" 1851.\" Please keep in alphabetical order 1852.\" 1853.It Ta Ta 1854.It Ta Nathan Ahlstrom Ta Mt nra@NetBSD.org 1855.It Ta Steve Allen Ta Mt wormey@NetBSD.org 1856.It Ta Jukka Andberg Ta Mt jandberg@NetBSD.org 1857.It Ta Julian Assange Ta Mt proff@NetBSD.org 1858.It Ta Lennart Augustsson Ta Mt augustss@NetBSD.org 1859.It Ta Christoph Badura Ta Mt bad@NetBSD.org 1860.It Ta Bang Jun-Young Ta Mt junyoung@NetBSD.org 1861.It Ta Dieter Baron Ta Mt dillo@NetBSD.org 1862.It Ta Robert V. Baron Ta Mt rvb@NetBSD.org 1863.It Ta Alan Barrett Ta Mt apb@NetBSD.org 1864.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org 1865.It Ta Jason Beegan Ta Mt jtb@NetBSD.org 1866.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org 1867.It Ta Hiroyuki Bessho Ta Mt bsh@NetBSD.org 1868.It Ta John Birrell Ta Mt jb@NetBSD.org 1869.It Ta Mason Loring Bliss Ta Mt mason@NetBSD.org 1870.It Ta Charles Blundell Ta Mt cb@NetBSD.org 1871.It Ta Rafal Boni Ta Mt rafal@NetBSD.org 1872.It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org 1873.It Ta Sean Boudreau Ta Mt seanb@NetBSD.org 1874.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org 1875.It Ta John Brezak Ta Mt brezak@NetBSD.org 1876.It Ta Allen Briggs Ta Mt briggs@NetBSD.org 1877.It Ta Mark Brinicombe Ta Mt mark@NetBSD.org 1878.It Ta Aaron Brown Ta Mt abrown@NetBSD.org 1879.It Ta Andrew Brown Ta Mt atatat@NetBSD.org 1880.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org 1881.It Ta Frederick Bruckman Ta Mt fredb@NetBSD.org 1882.It Ta Jon Buller Ta Mt jonb@NetBSD.org 1883.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org 1884.It Ta Robert Byrnes Ta Mt byrnes@NetBSD.org 1885.It Ta Pavel Cahyna Ta Mt pavel@NetBSD.org 1886.It Ta D'Arcy J.M. Cain Ta Mt darcy@NetBSD.org 1887.It Ta Dave Carrel Ta Mt carrel@NetBSD.org 1888.It Ta Daniel Carosone Ta Mt dan@NetBSD.org 1889.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org 1890.It Ta Bill Coldwell Ta Mt billc@NetBSD.org 1891.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org 1892.It Ta Ben Collver Ta Mt ben@NetBSD.org 1893.It Ta Jeremy Cooper Ta Mt jeremy@NetBSD.org 1894.It Ta Chuck Cranor Ta Mt chuck@NetBSD.org 1895.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org 1896.It Ta Aidan Cully Ta Mt aidan@NetBSD.org 1897.It Ta Garrett D'Amore Ta Mt gdamore@NetBSD.org 1898.It Ta Johan Danielsson Ta Mt joda@NetBSD.org 1899.It Ta John Darrow Ta Mt jdarrow@NetBSD.org 1900.It Ta Jed Davis Ta Mt jld@NetBSD.org 1901.It Ta Matt DeBergalis Ta Mt deberg@NetBSD.org 1902.It Ta Arnaud Degroote Ta Mt degroote@NetBSD.org 1903.It Ta Rob Deker Ta Mt deker@NetBSD.org 1904.It Ta Chris G. Demetriou Ta Mt cgd@NetBSD.org 1905.It Ta Tracy Di Marco White Ta Mt gendalia@NetBSD.org 1906.It Ta Jarom\('ir Dolecek Ta Mt jdolecek@NetBSD.org 1907.It Ta Andy Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org 1908.It Ta Roland Dowdeswell Ta Mt elric@NetBSD.org 1909.It Ta Emmanuel Dreyfus Ta Mt manu@NetBSD.org 1910.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org 1911.It Ta Jun Ebihara Ta Mt jun@NetBSD.org 1912.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org 1913.It Ta Stoned Elipot Ta Mt seb@NetBSD.org 1914.It Ta Michael van Elst Ta Mt mlelstv@NetBSD.org 1915.It Ta Enami Tsugutomo Ta Mt enami@NetBSD.org 1916.It Ta Bernd Ernesti Ta Mt veego@NetBSD.org 1917.It Ta Erik Fair Ta Mt fair@NetBSD.org 1918.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org 1919.It Ta Hauke Fath Ta Mt hauke@NetBSD.org 1920.It Ta Hubert Feyrer Ta Mt hubertf@NetBSD.org 1921.It Ta Jason R. Fink Ta Mt jrf@NetBSD.org 1922.It Ta Matt J. Fleming Ta Mt mjf@NetBSD.org 1923.It Ta Marty Fouts Ta Mt marty@NetBSD.org 1924.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org 1925.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette@NetBSD.org 1926.It Ta Thorsten Frueauf Ta Mt frueauf@NetBSD.org 1927.It Ta Castor Fu Ta Mt castor@NetBSD.org 1928.It Ta Ichiro Fukuhara Ta Mt ichiro@NetBSD.org 1929.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org 1930.It Ta Thomas Gerner Ta Mt thomas@NetBSD.org 1931.It Ta Simon J. Gerraty Ta Mt sjg@NetBSD.org 1932.It Ta Justin Gibbs Ta Mt gibbs@NetBSD.org 1933.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris@NetBSD.org 1934.It Ta Eric Gillespie Ta Mt epg@NetBSD.org 1935.It Ta Michael Graff Ta Mt explorer@NetBSD.org 1936.It Ta Brian C. Grayson Ta Mt bgrayson@NetBSD.org 1937.It Ta Matthew Green Ta Mt mrg@NetBSD.org 1938.It Ta Andreas Gustafsson Ta Mt gson@NetBSD.org 1939.It Ta Ulrich Habel Ta Mt rhaen@NetBSD.org 1940.It Ta Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino Ta Mt itojun@NetBSD.org 1941.It Ta HAMAJIMA Katsuomi Ta Mt hamajima@NetBSD.org 1942.It Ta Adam Hamsik Ta Mt haad@NetBSD.org 1943.It Ta Juergen Hannken-Illjes Ta Mt hannken@NetBSD.org 1944.It Ta Charles M. Hannum Ta Mt mycroft@NetBSD.org 1945.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21@NetBSD.org 1946.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross@NetBSD.org 1947.It Ta Eric Haszlakiewicz Ta Mt erh@NetBSD.org 1948.It Ta John Hawkinson Ta Mt jhawk@NetBSD.org 1949.It Ta HAYAKAWA Koichi Ta Mt haya@NetBSD.org 1950.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org 1951.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org 1952.It Ta Ren\('e Hexel Ta Mt rh@NetBSD.org 1953.It Ta Iain Hibbert Ta Mt plunky@NetBSD.org 1954.It Ta Kouichirou Hiratsuka Ta Mt hira@NetBSD.org 1955.It Ta Michael L. Hitch Ta Mt mhitch@NetBSD.org 1956.It Ta Jachym Holecek Ta Mt freza@NetBSD.org 1957.It Ta Christian E. Hopps Ta Mt chopps@NetBSD.org 1958.It Ta Ken Hornstein Ta Mt kenh@NetBSD.org 1959.It Ta Marc Horowitz Ta Mt marc@NetBSD.org 1960.It Ta Eduardo Horvath Ta Mt eeh@NetBSD.org 1961.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org 1962.It Ta Shell Hung Ta Mt shell@NetBSD.org 1963.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org 1964.It Ta Dean Huxley Ta Mt dean@NetBSD.org 1965.It Ta Love H\(:ornquist \(oAstrand Ta Mt lha@NetBSD.org 1966.It Ta Roland Illig Ta Mt rillig@NetBSD.org 1967.It Ta Bernardo Innocenti Ta Mt bernie@NetBSD.org 1968.It Ta Tetsuya Isaki Ta Mt isaki@NetBSD.org 1969.It Ta ITOH Yasufumi Ta Mt itohy@NetBSD.org 1970.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii@NetBSD.org 1971.It Ta Matthew Jacob Ta Mt mjacob@NetBSD.org 1972.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org 1973.It Ta Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj Ta Mt lonhyn@NetBSD.org 1974.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj@NetBSD.org 1975.It Ta Nicolas Joly Ta Mt njoly@NetBSD.org 1976.It Ta Chris Jones Ta Mt cjones@NetBSD.org 1977.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org 1978.It Ta Takahiro Kambe Ta Mt taca@NetBSD.org 1979.It Ta Antti Kantee Ta Mt pooka@NetBSD.org 1980.It Ta Masanori Kanaoka Ta Mt kanaoka@NetBSD.org 1981.It Ta Frank Kardel Ta Mt kardel@NetBSD.org 1982.It Ta Mattias Karlsson Ta Mt keihan@NetBSD.org 1983.It Ta KAWAMOTO Yosihisa Ta Mt kawamoto@NetBSD.org 1984.It Ta Mario Kemper Ta Mt magick@NetBSD.org 1985.It Ta Min Sik Kim Ta Mt minskim@NetBSD.org 1986.It Ta Thomas Klausner Ta Mt wiz@NetBSD.org 1987.It Ta Klaus Klein Ta Mt kleink@NetBSD.org 1988.It Ta John Klos Ta Mt jklos@NetBSD.org 1989.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk@NetBSD.org 1990.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org 1991.It Ta John Kohl Ta Mt jtk@NetBSD.org 1992.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org 1993.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk@NetBSD.org 1994.It Ta Lubomir Kundrak Ta Mt lkundrak@NetBSD.org 1995.It Ta Martti Kuparinen Ta Mt martti@NetBSD.org 1996.It Ta Kentaro A. Kurahone Ta Mt kurahone@NetBSD.org 1997.It Ta Arnaud Lacombe Ta Mt alc@NetBSD.org 1998.It Ta Kevin Lahey Ta Mt kml@NetBSD.org 1999.It Ta David Laight Ta Mt dsl@NetBSD.org 2000.It Ta Johnny C. Lam Ta Mt jlam@NetBSD.org 2001.It Ta Martin J. Laubach Ta Mt mjl@NetBSD.org 2002.It Ta Greg Lehey Ta Mt grog@NetBSD.org 2003.It Ta Ted Lemon Ta Mt mellon@NetBSD.org 2004.It Ta Christian Limpach Ta Mt cl@NetBSD.org 2005.It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl@NetBSD.org 2006.It Ta Joel Lindholm Ta Mt joel@NetBSD.org 2007.It Ta Tonnerre Lombard Ta Mt tonnerre@NetBSD.org 2008.It Ta Mike Long Ta Mt mikel@NetBSD.org 2009.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org 2010.It Ta Warner Losh Ta Mt imp@NetBSD.org 2011.It Ta Tomasz Luchowski Ta Mt zuntum@NetBSD.org 2012.It Ta Federico Lupi Ta Mt federico@NetBSD.org 2013.It Ta Brett Lymn Ta Mt blymn@NetBSD.org 2014.It Ta Paul Mackerras Ta Mt paulus@NetBSD.org 2015.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org 2016.It Ta MAEKAWA Masahide Ta Mt gehenna@NetBSD.org 2017.It Ta David Maxwell Ta Mt david@NetBSD.org 2018.It Ta Gregory McGarry Ta Mt gmcgarry@NetBSD.org 2019.It Ta Dan McMahill Ta Mt dmcmahill@NetBSD.org 2020.It Ta Jared D. McNeill Ta Mt jmcneill@NetBSD.org 2021.It Ta Neil J. McRae Ta Mt neil@NetBSD.org 2022.It Ta Perry Metzger Ta Mt perry@NetBSD.org 2023.It Ta Minoura Makoto Ta Mt minoura@NetBSD.org 2024.It Ta Brook Milligan Ta Mt brook@NetBSD.org 2025.It Ta Luke Mewburn Ta Mt lukem@NetBSD.org 2026.It Ta Simas Mockevicius Ta Mt symka@NetBSD.org 2027.It Ta der Mouse Ta Mt mouse@NetBSD.org 2028.It Ta Joseph Myers Ta Mt jsm@NetBSD.org 2029.It Ta Ken Nakata Ta Mt kenn@NetBSD.org 2030.It Ta Takeshi Nakayama Ta Mt nakayama@NetBSD.org 2031.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org 2032.It Ta John Nemeth Ta Mt jnemeth@NetBSD.org 2033.It Ta Bob Nestor Ta Mt rnestor@NetBSD.org 2034.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org 2035.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org 2036.It Ta NONAKA Kimihiro Ta Mt nonaka@NetBSD.org 2037.It Ta Takehiko NOZAKI Ta Mt tnozaki@NetBSD.org 2038.It Ta Tobias Nygren Ta Mt tnn@NetBSD.org 2039.It Ta OBATA Akio Ta Mt obache@NetBSD.org 2040.It Ta Jesse Off Ta Mt joff@NetBSD.org 2041.It Ta Tatoku Ogaito Ta Mt tacha@NetBSD.org 2042.It Ta OKANO Takayoshi Ta Mt kano@NetBSD.org 2043.It Ta Masaru Oki Ta Mt oki@NetBSD.org 2044.It Ta Atsushi Onoe Ta Mt onoe@NetBSD.org 2045.It Ta Greg Oster Ta Mt oster@NetBSD.org 2046.It Ta Juan Romero Pardines Ta Mt xtraeme@NetBSD.org 2047.It Ta Rui Paulo Ta Mt rpaulo@NetBSD.org 2048.It Ta Jonathan Perkin Ta Mt sketch@NetBSD.org 2049.It Ta Herb Peyerl Ta Mt hpeyerl@NetBSD.org 2050.It Ta Matthias Pfaller Ta Mt matthias@NetBSD.org 2051.It Ta Chris Pinnock Ta Mt cjep@NetBSD.org 2052.It Ta Adrian Portelli Ta Mt adrianp@NetBSD.org 2053.It Ta Peter Postma Ta Mt peter@NetBSD.org 2054.It Ta Dante Profeta Ta Mt dante@NetBSD.org 2055.It Ta Chris Provenzano Ta Mt proven@NetBSD.org 2056.It Ta Niels Provos Ta Mt provos@NetBSD.org 2057.It Ta Mindaugas Rasiukevicius Ta Mt rmind@NetBSD.org 2058.It Ta Michael Rauch Ta Mt mrauch@NetBSD.org 2059.It Ta Marc Recht Ta Mt recht@NetBSD.org 2060.It Ta Darren Reed Ta Mt darrenr@NetBSD.org 2061.It Ta Jeremy C. Reed Ta Mt reed@NetBSD.org 2062.It Ta Antoine Reilles Ta Mt tonio@NetBSD.org 2063.It Ta Tyler R. Retzlaff Ta Mt rtr@NetBSD.org 2064.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org 2065.It Ta Michael Richardson Ta Mt mcr@NetBSD.org 2066.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org 2067.It Ta Alan Ritter Ta Mt rittera@NetBSD.org 2068.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org 2069.It Ta Gordon Ross Ta Mt gwr@NetBSD.org 2070.It Ta Steve Rumble Ta Mt rumble@NetBSD.org 2071.It Ta Ilpo Ruotsalainen Ta Mt lonewolf@NetBSD.org 2072.It Ta Heiko W. Rupp Ta Mt hwr@NetBSD.org 2073.It Ta David Sainty Ta Mt dsainty@NetBSD.org 2074.It Ta SAITOH Masanobu Ta Mt msaitoh@NetBSD.org 2075.It Ta Kazuki Sakamoto Ta Mt sakamoto@NetBSD.org 2076.It Ta Curt Sampson Ta Mt cjs@NetBSD.org 2077.It Ta Wilfredo Sanchez Ta Mt wsanchez@NetBSD.org 2078.It Ta Ty Sarna Ta Mt tsarna@NetBSD.org 2079.It Ta SATO Kazumi Ta Mt sato@NetBSD.org 2080.It Ta Jan Schaumann Ta Mt jschauma@NetBSD.org 2081.It Ta Matthias Scheler Ta Mt tron@NetBSD.org 2082.It Ta Karl Schilke (rAT) Ta Mt rat@NetBSD.org 2083.It Ta Amitai Schlair Ta Mt schmonz@NetBSD.org 2084.It Ta Konrad Schroder Ta Mt perseant@NetBSD.org 2085.It Ta Georg Schwarz Ta Mt schwarz@NetBSD.org 2086.It Ta Lubomir Sedlacik Ta Mt salo@NetBSD.org 2087.It Ta Christopher SEKIYA Ta Mt sekiya@NetBSD.org 2088.It Ta Reed Shadgett Ta Mt dent@NetBSD.org 2089.It Ta John Shannon Ta Mt shannonjr@NetBSD.org 2090.It Ta Tim Shepard Ta Mt shep@NetBSD.org 2091.It Ta Takeshi Shibagaki Ta Mt shiba@NetBSD.org 2092.It Ta Naoto Shimazaki Ta Mt igy@NetBSD.org 2093.It Ta Takao Shinohara Ta Mt shin@NetBSD.org 2094.It Ta Takuya SHIOZAKI Ta Mt tshiozak@NetBSD.org 2095.It Ta Daniel Sieger Ta Mt dsieger@NetBSD.org 2096.It Ta Chuck Silvers Ta Mt chs@NetBSD.org 2097.It Ta Thor Lancelot Simon Ta Mt tls@NetBSD.org 2098.It Ta Jeff Smith Ta Mt jeffs@NetBSD.org 2099.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org 2100.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws@NetBSD.org 2101.It Ta T K Spindler Ta Mt dogcow@NetBSD.org 2102.It Ta SOMEYA Yoshihiko Ta Mt someya@NetBSD.org 2103.It Ta Bill Sommerfeld Ta Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org 2104.It Ta J\(:org Sonnenberger Ta Mt joerg@NetBSD.org 2105.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org 2106.It Ta Bill Squier Ta Mt groo@NetBSD.org 2107.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan@NetBSD.org 2108.It Ta Bill Studenmund Ta Mt wrstuden@NetBSD.org 2109.It Ta Kevin Sullivan Ta Mt sullivan@NetBSD.org 2110.It Ta SUNAGAWA Keiki Ta Mt kei@NetBSD.org 2111.It Ta Kimmo Suominen Ta Mt kim@NetBSD.org 2112.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura@NetBSD.org 2113.It Ta TAMURA Kent Ta Mt kent@NetBSD.org 2114.It Ta Shin'ichiro TAYA Ta Mt taya@NetBSD.org 2115.It Ta Ian Lance Taylor Ta Mt ian@NetBSD.org 2116.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org 2117.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org 2118.It Ta Christoph Toshok Ta Mt toshok@NetBSD.org 2119.It Ta Greg Troxel Ta Mt gdt@NetBSD.org 2120.It Ta Tsubai Masanari Ta Mt tsubai@NetBSD.org 2121.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org 2122.It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch@NetBSD.org 2123.It Ta Masao Uebayashi Ta Mt uebayasi@NetBSD.org 2124.It Ta Shuichiro URATA Ta Mt ur@NetBSD.org 2125.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org 2126.It Ta Julio M. Merino Vidal Ta Mt jmmv@NetBSD.org 2127.It Ta Todd Vierling Ta Mt tv@NetBSD.org 2128.It Ta Aymeric Vincent Ta Mt aymeric@NetBSD.org 2129.It Ta Paul Vixie Ta Mt vixie@NetBSD.org 2130.It Ta Mike M. Volokhov Ta Mt mishka@NetBSD.org 2131.It Ta Krister Walfridsson Ta Mt kristerw@NetBSD.org 2132.It Ta Lex Wennmacher Ta Mt wennmach@NetBSD.org 2133.It Ta Leo Weppelman Ta Mt leo@NetBSD.org 2134.It Ta Assar Westerlund Ta Mt assar@NetBSD.org 2135.It Ta Todd Whitesel Ta Mt toddpw@NetBSD.org 2136.It Ta Frank Wille Ta Mt phx@NetBSD.org 2137.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw@NetBSD.org 2138.It Ta Rob Windsor Ta Mt windsor@NetBSD.org 2139.It Ta Dan Winship Ta Mt danw@NetBSD.org 2140.It Ta Jim Wise Ta Mt jwise@NetBSD.org 2141.It Ta Michael Wolfson Ta Mt mbw@NetBSD.org 2142.It Ta Colin Wood Ta Mt ender@NetBSD.org 2143.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org 2144.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org 2145.It Ta Yuji Yamano Ta Mt yyamano@NetBSD.org 2146.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org 2147.It Ta S.P.Zeidler Ta Mt spz@NetBSD.org 2148.It Ta Maria Zevenhoven Ta Mt maria7@NetBSD.org 2149.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org 2150.It Ta Ta 2151. 2152.br_ne 2i 2153.It Em "Other contributors:" 2154.It Ta Ta 2155.It Ta Dave Burgess Ta Mt burgess@cynjut.infonet.net 2156.It Ta Brian R. Gaeke Ta Mt brg@dgate.org 2157.It Ta Brad Grantham Ta Mt grantham@tenon.com 2158.It Ta Lawrence Kesteloot Ta Mt kesteloo@cs.unc.edu 2159.It Ta Waldi Ravens Ta Mt waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net 2160. 2161.El 2162. 2163.Ss "Legal Mumbo-Jumbo" 2164.Pp 2165. 2166All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered 2167trademarks of their respective owners. 2168.Pp 2169The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of 2170the software that we have mentioned in this document: 2171.Pp 2172.nr save_size \n[.s] 2173.nr save_vs \n[.v] 2174.ps 8 2175.vs 9 2176.Ht <font size=-1> 2177.(item -compact 2178.nh 2179.so ../common/legal.common ----------------------------------------------- 2180.so legal ----------------------------------------------- 2181.hy 2182.item) 2183.Ht </font> 2184.ps 2185.vs 2186.Ss "The End" 2187