xref: /llvm-project/lld/ELF/EhFrame.cpp (revision 19a6ac18ef3e92017db49668ee365e694157f317)
1 //===- EhFrame.cpp -------------------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // .eh_frame section contains information on how to unwind the stack when
10 // an exception is thrown. The section consists of sequence of CIE and FDE
11 // records. The linker needs to merge CIEs and associate FDEs to CIEs.
12 // That means the linker has to understand the format of the section.
13 //
14 // This file contains a few utility functions to read .eh_frame contents.
15 //
16 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
17 
18 #include "EhFrame.h"
19 #include "Config.h"
20 #include "InputFiles.h"
21 #include "InputSection.h"
22 #include "Relocations.h"
23 #include "Target.h"
24 #include "lld/Common/ErrorHandler.h"
25 #include "lld/Common/Strings.h"
26 #include "llvm/BinaryFormat/Dwarf.h"
27 #include "llvm/Object/ELF.h"
28 
29 using namespace llvm;
30 using namespace llvm::ELF;
31 using namespace llvm::dwarf;
32 using namespace llvm::object;
33 using namespace lld;
34 using namespace lld::elf;
35 
36 namespace {
37 class EhReader {
38 public:
39   EhReader(InputSectionBase *s, ArrayRef<uint8_t> d) : isec(s), d(d) {}
40   uint8_t getFdeEncoding();
41   bool hasLSDA();
42 
43 private:
44   template <class P> void errOn(const P *loc, const Twine &msg) {
45     Ctx &ctx = isec->file->ctx;
46     Err(ctx) << "corrupted .eh_frame: " << msg << "\n>>> defined in "
47              << isec->getObjMsg((const uint8_t *)loc - isec->content().data());
48   }
49 
50   uint8_t readByte();
51   void skipBytes(size_t count);
52   StringRef readString();
53   void skipLeb128();
54   void skipAugP();
55   StringRef getAugmentation();
56 
57   InputSectionBase *isec;
58   ArrayRef<uint8_t> d;
59 };
60 }
61 
62 // Read a byte and advance D by one byte.
63 uint8_t EhReader::readByte() {
64   if (d.empty()) {
65     errOn(d.data(), "unexpected end of CIE");
66     return 0;
67   }
68   uint8_t b = d.front();
69   d = d.slice(1);
70   return b;
71 }
72 
73 void EhReader::skipBytes(size_t count) {
74   if (d.size() < count)
75     errOn(d.data(), "CIE is too small");
76   else
77     d = d.slice(count);
78 }
79 
80 // Read a null-terminated string.
81 StringRef EhReader::readString() {
82   const uint8_t *end = llvm::find(d, '\0');
83   if (end == d.end()) {
84     errOn(d.data(), "corrupted CIE (failed to read string)");
85     return {};
86   }
87   StringRef s = toStringRef(d.slice(0, end - d.begin()));
88   d = d.slice(s.size() + 1);
89   return s;
90 }
91 
92 // Skip an integer encoded in the LEB128 format.
93 // Actual number is not of interest because only the runtime needs it.
94 // But we need to be at least able to skip it so that we can read
95 // the field that follows a LEB128 number.
96 void EhReader::skipLeb128() {
97   const uint8_t *errPos = d.data();
98   while (!d.empty()) {
99     uint8_t val = d.front();
100     d = d.slice(1);
101     if ((val & 0x80) == 0)
102       return;
103   }
104   errOn(errPos, "corrupted CIE (failed to read LEB128)");
105 }
106 
107 static size_t getAugPSize(Ctx &ctx, unsigned enc) {
108   switch (enc & 0x0f) {
109   case DW_EH_PE_absptr:
110   case DW_EH_PE_signed:
111     return ctx.arg.wordsize;
112   case DW_EH_PE_udata2:
113   case DW_EH_PE_sdata2:
114     return 2;
115   case DW_EH_PE_udata4:
116   case DW_EH_PE_sdata4:
117     return 4;
118   case DW_EH_PE_udata8:
119   case DW_EH_PE_sdata8:
120     return 8;
121   }
122   return 0;
123 }
124 
125 void EhReader::skipAugP() {
126   uint8_t enc = readByte();
127   if ((enc & 0xf0) == DW_EH_PE_aligned)
128     return errOn(d.data() - 1, "DW_EH_PE_aligned encoding is not supported");
129   size_t size = getAugPSize(isec->getCtx(), enc);
130   if (size == 0)
131     return errOn(d.data() - 1, "unknown FDE encoding");
132   if (size >= d.size())
133     return errOn(d.data() - 1, "corrupted CIE");
134   d = d.slice(size);
135 }
136 
137 uint8_t elf::getFdeEncoding(EhSectionPiece *p) {
138   return EhReader(p->sec, p->data()).getFdeEncoding();
139 }
140 
141 bool elf::hasLSDA(const EhSectionPiece &p) {
142   return EhReader(p.sec, p.data()).hasLSDA();
143 }
144 
145 StringRef EhReader::getAugmentation() {
146   skipBytes(8);
147   int version = readByte();
148   if (version != 1 && version != 3) {
149     errOn(d.data() - 1,
150           "FDE version 1 or 3 expected, but got " + Twine(version));
151     return {};
152   }
153 
154   StringRef aug = readString();
155 
156   // Skip code and data alignment factors.
157   skipLeb128();
158   skipLeb128();
159 
160   // Skip the return address register. In CIE version 1 this is a single
161   // byte. In CIE version 3 this is an unsigned LEB128.
162   if (version == 1)
163     readByte();
164   else
165     skipLeb128();
166   return aug;
167 }
168 
169 uint8_t EhReader::getFdeEncoding() {
170   // We only care about an 'R' value, but other records may precede an 'R'
171   // record. Unfortunately records are not in TLV (type-length-value) format,
172   // so we need to teach the linker how to skip records for each type.
173   StringRef aug = getAugmentation();
174   for (char c : aug) {
175     if (c == 'R')
176       return readByte();
177     if (c == 'z')
178       skipLeb128();
179     else if (c == 'L')
180       readByte();
181     else if (c == 'P')
182       skipAugP();
183     else if (c != 'B' && c != 'S' && c != 'G') {
184       errOn(aug.data(), "unknown .eh_frame augmentation string: " + aug);
185       break;
186     }
187   }
188   return DW_EH_PE_absptr;
189 }
190 
191 bool EhReader::hasLSDA() {
192   StringRef aug = getAugmentation();
193   for (char c : aug) {
194     if (c == 'L')
195       return true;
196     if (c == 'z')
197       skipLeb128();
198     else if (c == 'P')
199       skipAugP();
200     else if (c == 'R')
201       readByte();
202     else if (c != 'B' && c != 'S' && c != 'G') {
203       errOn(aug.data(), "unknown .eh_frame augmentation string: " + aug);
204       break;
205     }
206   }
207   return false;
208 }
209