xref: /llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/performance/UnnecessaryValueParamCheck.cpp (revision 1b0fcf1e42e05611ec37aa7956988ae6317ad116)
1 //===--- UnnecessaryValueParamCheck.cpp - clang-tidy-----------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "UnnecessaryValueParamCheck.h"
10 
11 #include "../utils/DeclRefExprUtils.h"
12 #include "../utils/FixItHintUtils.h"
13 #include "../utils/Matchers.h"
14 #include "../utils/OptionsUtils.h"
15 #include "../utils/TypeTraits.h"
16 #include "clang/Frontend/CompilerInstance.h"
17 #include "clang/Lex/Lexer.h"
18 #include "clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h"
19 #include <optional>
20 
21 using namespace clang::ast_matchers;
22 
23 namespace clang::tidy::performance {
24 
25 namespace {
26 
27 std::string paramNameOrIndex(StringRef Name, size_t Index) {
28   return (Name.empty() ? llvm::Twine('#') + llvm::Twine(Index + 1)
29                        : llvm::Twine('\'') + Name + llvm::Twine('\''))
30       .str();
31 }
32 
33 bool isReferencedOutsideOfCallExpr(const FunctionDecl &Function,
34                                    ASTContext &Context) {
35   auto Matches = match(declRefExpr(to(functionDecl(equalsNode(&Function))),
36                                    unless(hasAncestor(callExpr()))),
37                        Context);
38   return !Matches.empty();
39 }
40 
41 bool hasLoopStmtAncestor(const DeclRefExpr &DeclRef, const Decl &Decl,
42                          ASTContext &Context) {
43   auto Matches = match(
44       traverse(TK_AsIs,
45                decl(forEachDescendant(declRefExpr(
46                    equalsNode(&DeclRef),
47                    unless(hasAncestor(stmt(anyOf(forStmt(), cxxForRangeStmt(),
48                                                  whileStmt(), doStmt())))))))),
49       Decl, Context);
50   return Matches.empty();
51 }
52 
53 } // namespace
54 
55 UnnecessaryValueParamCheck::UnnecessaryValueParamCheck(
56     StringRef Name, ClangTidyContext *Context)
57     : ClangTidyCheck(Name, Context),
58       Inserter(Options.getLocalOrGlobal("IncludeStyle",
59                                         utils::IncludeSorter::IS_LLVM),
60                areDiagsSelfContained()),
61       AllowedTypes(
62           utils::options::parseStringList(Options.get("AllowedTypes", ""))) {}
63 
64 void UnnecessaryValueParamCheck::registerMatchers(MatchFinder *Finder) {
65   const auto ExpensiveValueParamDecl = parmVarDecl(
66       hasType(qualType(
67           hasCanonicalType(matchers::isExpensiveToCopy()),
68           unless(anyOf(hasCanonicalType(referenceType()),
69                        hasDeclaration(namedDecl(
70                            matchers::matchesAnyListedName(AllowedTypes))))))),
71       decl().bind("param"));
72   Finder->addMatcher(
73       traverse(
74           TK_AsIs,
75           functionDecl(hasBody(stmt()), isDefinition(), unless(isImplicit()),
76                        unless(cxxMethodDecl(anyOf(isOverride(), isFinal()))),
77                        has(typeLoc(forEach(ExpensiveValueParamDecl))),
78                        decl().bind("functionDecl"))),
79       this);
80 }
81 
82 void UnnecessaryValueParamCheck::check(const MatchFinder::MatchResult &Result) {
83   const auto *Param = Result.Nodes.getNodeAs<ParmVarDecl>("param");
84   const auto *Function = Result.Nodes.getNodeAs<FunctionDecl>("functionDecl");
85 
86   TraversalKindScope RAII(*Result.Context, TK_AsIs);
87 
88   FunctionParmMutationAnalyzer *Analyzer =
89       FunctionParmMutationAnalyzer::getFunctionParmMutationAnalyzer(
90           *Function, *Result.Context, MutationAnalyzerCache);
91   if (Analyzer->isMutated(Param))
92     return;
93 
94   const bool IsConstQualified =
95       Param->getType().getCanonicalType().isConstQualified();
96 
97   // If the parameter is non-const, check if it has a move constructor and is
98   // only referenced once to copy-construct another object or whether it has a
99   // move assignment operator and is only referenced once when copy-assigned.
100   // In this case wrap DeclRefExpr with std::move() to avoid the unnecessary
101   // copy.
102   if (!IsConstQualified) {
103     auto AllDeclRefExprs = utils::decl_ref_expr::allDeclRefExprs(
104         *Param, *Function, *Result.Context);
105     if (AllDeclRefExprs.size() == 1) {
106       auto CanonicalType = Param->getType().getCanonicalType();
107       const auto &DeclRefExpr = **AllDeclRefExprs.begin();
108 
109       if (!hasLoopStmtAncestor(DeclRefExpr, *Function, *Result.Context) &&
110           ((utils::type_traits::hasNonTrivialMoveConstructor(CanonicalType) &&
111             utils::decl_ref_expr::isCopyConstructorArgument(
112                 DeclRefExpr, *Function, *Result.Context)) ||
113            (utils::type_traits::hasNonTrivialMoveAssignment(CanonicalType) &&
114             utils::decl_ref_expr::isCopyAssignmentArgument(
115                 DeclRefExpr, *Function, *Result.Context)))) {
116         handleMoveFix(*Param, DeclRefExpr, *Result.Context);
117         return;
118       }
119     }
120   }
121 
122   handleConstRefFix(*Function, *Param, *Result.Context);
123 }
124 
125 void UnnecessaryValueParamCheck::registerPPCallbacks(
126     const SourceManager &SM, Preprocessor *PP, Preprocessor *ModuleExpanderPP) {
127   Inserter.registerPreprocessor(PP);
128 }
129 
130 void UnnecessaryValueParamCheck::storeOptions(
131     ClangTidyOptions::OptionMap &Opts) {
132   Options.store(Opts, "IncludeStyle", Inserter.getStyle());
133   Options.store(Opts, "AllowedTypes",
134                 utils::options::serializeStringList(AllowedTypes));
135 }
136 
137 void UnnecessaryValueParamCheck::onEndOfTranslationUnit() {
138   MutationAnalyzerCache.clear();
139 }
140 
141 void UnnecessaryValueParamCheck::handleConstRefFix(const FunctionDecl &Function,
142                                                    const ParmVarDecl &Param,
143                                                    ASTContext &Context) {
144   const size_t Index =
145       llvm::find(Function.parameters(), &Param) - Function.parameters().begin();
146   const bool IsConstQualified =
147       Param.getType().getCanonicalType().isConstQualified();
148 
149   auto Diag =
150       diag(Param.getLocation(),
151            "the %select{|const qualified }0parameter %1 is copied for each "
152            "invocation%select{ but only used as a const reference|}0; consider "
153            "making it a %select{const |}0reference")
154       << IsConstQualified << paramNameOrIndex(Param.getName(), Index);
155   // Do not propose fixes when:
156   // 1. the ParmVarDecl is in a macro, since we cannot place them correctly
157   // 2. the function is virtual as it might break overrides
158   // 3. the function is referenced outside of a call expression within the
159   //    compilation unit as the signature change could introduce build errors.
160   // 4. the function is an explicit template/ specialization.
161   const auto *Method = llvm::dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(&Function);
162   if (Param.getBeginLoc().isMacroID() || (Method && Method->isVirtual()) ||
163       isReferencedOutsideOfCallExpr(Function, Context) ||
164       Function.getTemplateSpecializationKind() == TSK_ExplicitSpecialization)
165     return;
166   for (const auto *FunctionDecl = &Function; FunctionDecl != nullptr;
167        FunctionDecl = FunctionDecl->getPreviousDecl()) {
168     const auto &CurrentParam = *FunctionDecl->getParamDecl(Index);
169     Diag << utils::fixit::changeVarDeclToReference(CurrentParam, Context);
170     // The parameter of each declaration needs to be checked individually as to
171     // whether it is const or not as constness can differ between definition and
172     // declaration.
173     if (!CurrentParam.getType().getCanonicalType().isConstQualified()) {
174       if (std::optional<FixItHint> Fix = utils::fixit::addQualifierToVarDecl(
175               CurrentParam, Context, Qualifiers::Const))
176         Diag << *Fix;
177     }
178   }
179 }
180 
181 void UnnecessaryValueParamCheck::handleMoveFix(const ParmVarDecl &Param,
182                                                const DeclRefExpr &CopyArgument,
183                                                ASTContext &Context) {
184   auto Diag = diag(CopyArgument.getBeginLoc(),
185                    "parameter %0 is passed by value and only copied once; "
186                    "consider moving it to avoid unnecessary copies")
187               << &Param;
188   // Do not propose fixes in macros since we cannot place them correctly.
189   if (CopyArgument.getBeginLoc().isMacroID())
190     return;
191   const auto &SM = Context.getSourceManager();
192   auto EndLoc = Lexer::getLocForEndOfToken(CopyArgument.getLocation(), 0, SM,
193                                            Context.getLangOpts());
194   Diag << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(CopyArgument.getBeginLoc(), "std::move(")
195        << FixItHint::CreateInsertion(EndLoc, ")")
196        << Inserter.createIncludeInsertion(
197               SM.getFileID(CopyArgument.getBeginLoc()), "<utility>");
198 }
199 
200 } // namespace clang::tidy::performance
201