xref: /llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/performance/ForRangeCopyCheck.cpp (revision 1b0fcf1e42e05611ec37aa7956988ae6317ad116)
1 //===--- ForRangeCopyCheck.cpp - clang-tidy--------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 #include "ForRangeCopyCheck.h"
10 #include "../utils/DeclRefExprUtils.h"
11 #include "../utils/FixItHintUtils.h"
12 #include "../utils/Matchers.h"
13 #include "../utils/OptionsUtils.h"
14 #include "../utils/TypeTraits.h"
15 #include "clang/Analysis/Analyses/ExprMutationAnalyzer.h"
16 #include "clang/Basic/Diagnostic.h"
17 #include <optional>
18 
19 using namespace clang::ast_matchers;
20 
21 namespace clang::tidy::performance {
22 
23 ForRangeCopyCheck::ForRangeCopyCheck(StringRef Name, ClangTidyContext *Context)
24     : ClangTidyCheck(Name, Context),
25       WarnOnAllAutoCopies(Options.get("WarnOnAllAutoCopies", false)),
26       AllowedTypes(
27           utils::options::parseStringList(Options.get("AllowedTypes", ""))) {}
28 
29 void ForRangeCopyCheck::storeOptions(ClangTidyOptions::OptionMap &Opts) {
30   Options.store(Opts, "WarnOnAllAutoCopies", WarnOnAllAutoCopies);
31   Options.store(Opts, "AllowedTypes",
32                 utils::options::serializeStringList(AllowedTypes));
33 }
34 
35 void ForRangeCopyCheck::registerMatchers(MatchFinder *Finder) {
36   // Match loop variables that are not references or pointers or are already
37   // initialized through MaterializeTemporaryExpr which indicates a type
38   // conversion.
39   auto HasReferenceOrPointerTypeOrIsAllowed = hasType(qualType(
40       unless(anyOf(hasCanonicalType(anyOf(referenceType(), pointerType())),
41                    hasDeclaration(namedDecl(
42                        matchers::matchesAnyListedName(AllowedTypes)))))));
43   auto IteratorReturnsValueType = cxxOperatorCallExpr(
44       hasOverloadedOperatorName("*"),
45       callee(
46           cxxMethodDecl(returns(unless(hasCanonicalType(referenceType()))))));
47   auto NotConstructedByCopy = cxxConstructExpr(
48       hasDeclaration(cxxConstructorDecl(unless(isCopyConstructor()))));
49   auto ConstructedByConversion = cxxMemberCallExpr(callee(cxxConversionDecl()));
50   auto LoopVar =
51       varDecl(HasReferenceOrPointerTypeOrIsAllowed,
52               unless(hasInitializer(expr(hasDescendant(expr(
53                   anyOf(materializeTemporaryExpr(), IteratorReturnsValueType,
54                         NotConstructedByCopy, ConstructedByConversion)))))));
55   Finder->addMatcher(
56       traverse(TK_AsIs,
57                cxxForRangeStmt(hasLoopVariable(LoopVar.bind("loopVar")))
58                    .bind("forRange")),
59       this);
60 }
61 
62 void ForRangeCopyCheck::check(const MatchFinder::MatchResult &Result) {
63   const auto *Var = Result.Nodes.getNodeAs<VarDecl>("loopVar");
64 
65   // Ignore code in macros since we can't place the fixes correctly.
66   if (Var->getBeginLoc().isMacroID())
67     return;
68   if (handleConstValueCopy(*Var, *Result.Context))
69     return;
70   const auto *ForRange = Result.Nodes.getNodeAs<CXXForRangeStmt>("forRange");
71   handleCopyIsOnlyConstReferenced(*Var, *ForRange, *Result.Context);
72 }
73 
74 bool ForRangeCopyCheck::handleConstValueCopy(const VarDecl &LoopVar,
75                                              ASTContext &Context) {
76   if (WarnOnAllAutoCopies) {
77     // For aggressive check just test that loop variable has auto type.
78     if (!isa<AutoType>(LoopVar.getType()))
79       return false;
80   } else if (!LoopVar.getType().isConstQualified()) {
81     return false;
82   }
83   std::optional<bool> Expensive =
84       utils::type_traits::isExpensiveToCopy(LoopVar.getType(), Context);
85   if (!Expensive || !*Expensive)
86     return false;
87   auto Diagnostic =
88       diag(LoopVar.getLocation(),
89            "the loop variable's type is not a reference type; this creates a "
90            "copy in each iteration; consider making this a reference")
91       << utils::fixit::changeVarDeclToReference(LoopVar, Context);
92   if (!LoopVar.getType().isConstQualified()) {
93     if (std::optional<FixItHint> Fix = utils::fixit::addQualifierToVarDecl(
94             LoopVar, Context, Qualifiers::Const))
95       Diagnostic << *Fix;
96   }
97   return true;
98 }
99 
100 static bool isReferenced(const VarDecl &LoopVar, const Stmt &Stmt,
101                          ASTContext &Context) {
102   const auto IsLoopVar = varDecl(equalsNode(&LoopVar));
103   return !match(stmt(hasDescendant(declRefExpr(to(valueDecl(anyOf(
104                     IsLoopVar, bindingDecl(forDecomposition(IsLoopVar)))))))),
105                 Stmt, Context)
106               .empty();
107 }
108 
109 bool ForRangeCopyCheck::handleCopyIsOnlyConstReferenced(
110     const VarDecl &LoopVar, const CXXForRangeStmt &ForRange,
111     ASTContext &Context) {
112   std::optional<bool> Expensive =
113       utils::type_traits::isExpensiveToCopy(LoopVar.getType(), Context);
114   if (LoopVar.getType().isConstQualified() || !Expensive || !*Expensive)
115     return false;
116   // We omit the case where the loop variable is not used in the loop body. E.g.
117   //
118   // for (auto _ : benchmark_state) {
119   // }
120   //
121   // Because the fix (changing to `const auto &`) will introduce an unused
122   // compiler warning which can't be suppressed.
123   // Since this case is very rare, it is safe to ignore it.
124   if (!ExprMutationAnalyzer(*ForRange.getBody(), Context).isMutated(&LoopVar) &&
125       isReferenced(LoopVar, *ForRange.getBody(), Context)) {
126     auto Diag = diag(
127         LoopVar.getLocation(),
128         "loop variable is copied but only used as const reference; consider "
129         "making it a const reference");
130 
131     if (std::optional<FixItHint> Fix = utils::fixit::addQualifierToVarDecl(
132             LoopVar, Context, Qualifiers::Const))
133       Diag << *Fix << utils::fixit::changeVarDeclToReference(LoopVar, Context);
134 
135     return true;
136   }
137   return false;
138 }
139 
140 } // namespace clang::tidy::performance
141