[MLIR][transform][python] add sugared python abstractions for transform dialect (#75073)

This adds Python abstractions for the different handle types of the
transform dialect

The abstractions al

[MLIR][transform][python] add sugared python abstractions for transform dialect (#75073)

This adds Python abstractions for the different handle types of the
transform dialect

The abstractions allow for straightforward chaining of transforms by
calling their member functions.
As an initial PR for this infrastructure, only a single transform is
included: `transform.structured.match`.
With a future `tile` transform abstraction an example of the usage is:
```Python
def script(module: OpHandle):
module.match_ops(MatchInterfaceEnum.TilingInterface).tile(tile_sizes=[32,32])
```
to generate the following IR:
```mlir
%0 = transform.structured.match interface{TilingInterface} in %arg0
%tiled_op, %loops = transform.structured.tile_using_for %0 [32, 32]
```

These abstractions are intended to enhance the usability and flexibility
of the transform dialect by providing an accessible interface that
allows for easy assembly of complex transformation chains.

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[mlir][python] Expose transform param types (#67421)

This exposes the Transform dialect types `AnyParamType` and `ParamType`
via the Python bindings.

[mlir][transform][python] Add AnyValueType to bindings.

This patch adds the MLIR C bindings and the corresponding Python bindings of the AnyValueType of the transform dialect.

Reviewed By: springer

[mlir][transform][python] Add AnyValueType to bindings.

This patch adds the MLIR C bindings and the corresponding Python bindings of the AnyValueType of the transform dialect.

Reviewed By: springerm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D157638

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[MLIR][python bindings] Add TypeCaster for returning refined types from python APIs

depends on D150839

This diff uses `MlirTypeID` to register `TypeCaster`s (i.e., `[](PyType pyType) -> DerivedTy {

[MLIR][python bindings] Add TypeCaster for returning refined types from python APIs

depends on D150839

This diff uses `MlirTypeID` to register `TypeCaster`s (i.e., `[](PyType pyType) -> DerivedTy { return pyType; }`) for all concrete types (i.e., `PyConcrete<...>`) that are then queried for (by `MlirTypeID`) and called in `struct type_caster<MlirType>::cast`. The result is that anywhere an `MlirType mlirType` is returned from a python binding, that `mlirType` is automatically cast to the correct concrete type. For example:

```
c0 = arith.ConstantOp(f32, 0.0)
# CHECK: F32Type(f32)
print(repr(c0.result.type))

unranked_tensor_type = UnrankedTensorType.get(f32)
unranked_tensor = tensor.FromElementsOp(unranked_tensor_type, [c0]).result

# CHECK: UnrankedTensorType
print(type(unranked_tensor.type).__name__)
# CHECK: UnrankedTensorType(tensor<*xf32>)
print(repr(unranked_tensor.type))
```

This functionality immediately extends to typed attributes (i.e., `attr.type`).

The diff also implements similar functionality for `mlir_type_subclass`es but in a slightly different way - for such types (which have no cpp corresponding `class` or `struct`) the user must provide a type caster in python (similar to how `AttrBuilder` works) or in cpp as a `py::cpp_function`.

Reviewed By: ftynse

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D150927

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[mlir] Move casting calls from methods to function calls

The MLIR classes Type/Attribute/Operation/Op/Value support
cast/dyn_cast/isa/dyn_cast_or_null functionality through llvm's doCast
functionali

[mlir] Move casting calls from methods to function calls

The MLIR classes Type/Attribute/Operation/Op/Value support
cast/dyn_cast/isa/dyn_cast_or_null functionality through llvm's doCast
functionality in addition to defining methods with the same name.
This change begins the migration of uses of the method to the
corresponding function call as has been decided as more consistent.

Note that there still exist classes that only define methods directly,
such as AffineExpr, and this does not include work currently to support
a functional cast/isa call.

Caveats include:
- This clang-tidy script probably has more problems.
- This only touches C++ code, so nothing that is being generated.

Context:
- https://mlir.llvm.org/deprecation/ at "Use the free function variants
for dyn_cast/cast/isa/…"
- Original discussion at https://discourse.llvm.org/t/preferred-casting-style-going-forward/68443

Implementation:
This first patch was created with the following steps. The intention is
to only do automated changes at first, so I waste less time if it's
reverted, and so the first mass change is more clear as an example to
other teams that will need to follow similar steps.

Steps are described per line, as comments are removed by git:
0. Retrieve the change from the following to build clang-tidy with an
additional check:
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/compare/main...tpopp:llvm-project:tidy-cast-check
1. Build clang-tidy
2. Run clang-tidy over your entire codebase while disabling all checks
and enabling the one relevant one. Run on all header files also.
3. Delete .inc files that were also modified, so the next build rebuilds
them to a pure state.
4. Some changes have been deleted for the following reasons:
- Some files had a variable also named cast
- Some files had not included a header file that defines the cast
functions
- Some files are definitions of the classes that have the casting
methods, so the code still refers to the method instead of the
function without adding a prefix or removing the method declaration
at the same time.

```
ninja -C $BUILD_DIR clang-tidy

run-clang-tidy -clang-tidy-binary=$BUILD_DIR/bin/clang-tidy -checks='-*,misc-cast-functions'\
-header-filter=mlir/ mlir/* -fix

rm -rf $BUILD_DIR/tools/mlir/**/*.inc

git restore mlir/lib/IR mlir/lib/Dialect/DLTI/DLTI.cpp\
mlir/lib/Dialect/Complex/IR/ComplexDialect.cpp\
mlir/lib/**/IR/\
mlir/lib/Dialect/SparseTensor/Transforms/SparseVectorization.cpp\
mlir/lib/Dialect/Vector/Transforms/LowerVectorMultiReduction.cpp\
mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Test/TestTypes.cpp\
mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.cpp\
mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Test/TestAttributes.cpp\
mlir/unittests/TableGen/EnumsGenTest.cpp\
mlir/test/python/lib/PythonTestCAPI.cpp\
mlir/include/mlir/IR/
```

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D150123

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[mlir] add OperationType to the Transform dialect

Add a new OperationType handle type to the Transform dialect. This
transform type is parameterized by the name of the payload operation it
can point

[mlir] add OperationType to the Transform dialect

Add a new OperationType handle type to the Transform dialect. This
transform type is parameterized by the name of the payload operation it
can point to. It is intended as a constraint on transformations that are
only applicable to a specific kind of payload operations. If a
transformation is applicable to a small set of operation classes, it can
be wrapped into a transform op by using a disjunctive constraint, such
as `Type<Or<[Transform_ConcreteOperation<"foo">.predicate,
Transform_ConcreteOperation<"bar">.predicate]>>` for its operand without
modifying this type. Broader sets of accepted operations should be
modeled as specific types.

Reviewed By: nicolasvasilache

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D135586

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