[llvm-exegesis] Begin replacing unsigned with MCRegister. NFC (#123109)

Some of this was needed to fix implicit conversions from MCRegister to
unsigned when calling getReg() on MCOperand for exampl

[llvm-exegesis] Begin replacing unsigned with MCRegister. NFC (#123109)

Some of this was needed to fix implicit conversions from MCRegister to
unsigned when calling getReg() on MCOperand for example.

The majority was done by reviewing parts of the code that dealt with
registers, converting them to MCRegister and then seeing what new
implicit conversions were created and fixing those.

There were a few places where I used MCPhysReg instead of MCRegiser for
static arrays since its uint16_t instead of unsigned.

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis] Add loop-register snippet annotation (#82873)

This patch adds a LLVM-EXEGESIS-LOOP-REGISTER snippet annotation which
allows a user to specify the register to use for the loop counte

[llvm-exegesis] Add loop-register snippet annotation (#82873)

This patch adds a LLVM-EXEGESIS-LOOP-REGISTER snippet annotation which
allows a user to specify the register to use for the loop counter in the
loop repetition mode. This allows for executing snippets that don't work
with the default value (currently R8 on X86).

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis] Add middle half repetition mode (#77020)

This patch adds two new repetition modes to llvm-exegesis, particularly
loop and duplicate repetition modes of what I am terming the middle

[llvm-exegesis] Add middle half repetition mode (#77020)

This patch adds two new repetition modes to llvm-exegesis, particularly
loop and duplicate repetition modes of what I am terming the middle half
repetition mode. The middle half repetition mode essentially runs each
measurement twice, one with twice the number of iterations of the other.
These two measurements are then agregated by taking their difference.
This subtracts away any setup/overhead that is unrelated to the code in
the snippet, providing more accurate results.

Using this mode on a couple toy examples, I am able to get exact
(integer) throughput values on all of them in contrast to the default
duplicate/loop repetition modes which show a little bit of noise on the
snippet value.

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis] Make duplicate snippet repetitor produce whole snippets (#77224)

Currently, the duplicate snippet repetitor will truncate snippets that
do not exactly divide the minimum number of i

[llvm-exegesis] Make duplicate snippet repetitor produce whole snippets (#77224)

Currently, the duplicate snippet repetitor will truncate snippets that
do not exactly divide the minimum number of instructions. This patch
corrects that behavior by making the duplicate snippet repetitor
duplicate the snippet in its entirety until the minimum number of
instructions has been reached.

This makes the behavior consistent with the loop snippet repetitor,
which will execute at least `--num-repetitions` (soon to be renamed
`--min-instructions`) instructions.

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis] Align loop MBB in loop repetitor (#77264)

This patch sets the alignment of the loob MBB in the loop repetitor to
16 to avoid instruction fetch/predecoding bottlenecks that can come

[llvm-exegesis] Align loop MBB in loop repetitor (#77264)

This patch sets the alignment of the loob MBB in the loop repetitor to
16 to avoid instruction fetch/predecoding bottlenecks that can come up
with unaligned code. The value of 16 was chosen based on numbers for
recent Intel microarchitectures and reccomendations from Agner Fog.

Fixes #77259.

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis] Stop including array (NFC)

Identified with clangd.

[llvm] Stop including string (NFC)

Identified with clangd.

[ADT] Support iterating size-based integer ranges.

It seems the ranges start with 0 in most cases.

Reviewed By: dblaikie, gchatelet

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D156135

[llvm-exegesis] Add support for using memory annotations

This patch adds in support for using memory annotations in the
subprocess execution mode.

[llvm-exegesis] Refactor InstructionBenchmark to Benchmark

When llvm-exegesis was first introduced, it only supported benchmarking
individual instructions, hence the name for the data structure stor

[llvm-exegesis] Refactor InstructionBenchmark to Benchmark

When llvm-exegesis was first introduced, it only supported benchmarking
individual instructions, hence the name for the data structure storing
the data corresponding to a benchmark being called InstructionBenchmark
made sense. However, now that benchmarking arbitrary snippets is
supported, InstructionBenchmark doesn't correspond to a single
instruction. This patch refactors InstructionBenchmark to be called
Benchmark to clean up this little bit of technical debt.

Reviewed By: courbet

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D146884

show more ...

[exegesis] SnippetRepetitor: don't deal with terminator instructions

These appear to be the only two crashing issues.
Afterwards, we seem to not crash for all opcodes in all repetition modes
in all

[exegesis] SnippetRepetitor: don't deal with terminator instructions

These appear to be the only two crashing issues.
Afterwards, we seem to not crash for all opcodes in all repetition modes
in all measurement modes.

Otherwise, we get:
```
#
# Machine code for function foo: NoPHIs, TracksLiveness, NoVRegs

bb.0:
successors: %bb.1(0x80000000); %bb.1(100.00%)

$r8 = MOV64ri 2

bb.1:
; predecessors: %bb.0, %bb.1
successors: %bb.1(0x80000000), %bb.2(0x00000000); %bb.1(100.00%), %bb.2(0.00%)
liveins: $r8
HLT
HLT
$r8 = ADD64ri8 $r8(tied-def 0), -1, implicit-def $eflags
JCC_1 %bb.1, 5, implicit $eflags

bb.2:
; predecessors: %bb.1

RET64

# End machine code for function foo.

*** Bad machine code: Non-terminator instruction after the first terminator ***
- function: foo
- basic block: %bb.1 (0x55df06791048)
- instruction: $r8 = ADD64ri8 $r8(tied-def 0), -1, implicit-def $eflags
First terminator was: HLT
LLVM ERROR: Found 1 machine code errors.
PLEASE submit a bug report to https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/ and include the crash backtrace.
Stack dump:
0. Program arguments: bin/llvm-exegesis --skip-measurements -mode=uops --dump-object-to-disk=0 --repetition-mode=loop --loop-body-size=1000 --result-aggregation-mode=min --opcode-name=HLT --max-configs-per-opcode=8192
1. Running pass 'Function Pass Manager' on module 'ExegesisInfoTest'.
2. Running pass 'Verify generated machine code' on function '@foo'

```

show more ...

[exegesis] SnippetRepetitor: Don't access liveness if we disabled it

Otherwise, we get:
```
llvm-exegesis: /repositories/llvm-project/llvm/lib/CodeGen/MachineBasicBlock.cpp:1628: MachineBasicBlock::

[exegesis] SnippetRepetitor: Don't access liveness if we disabled it

Otherwise, we get:
```
llvm-exegesis: /repositories/llvm-project/llvm/lib/CodeGen/MachineBasicBlock.cpp:1628: MachineBasicBlock::livein_iterator llvm::MachineBasicBlock::livein_begin() const: Assertion `getParent()->getProperties().hasProperty( MachineFunctionProperties::Property::TracksLiveness) && "Liveness information is accurate"' failed.
```

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis] Loop unrolling for loop snippet repetitor mode

I really needed this, like, factually, yesterday,
when verifying dependency breaking idioms for AMD Zen 3 scheduler model.

Consider th

[llvm-exegesis] Loop unrolling for loop snippet repetitor mode

I really needed this, like, factually, yesterday,
when verifying dependency breaking idioms for AMD Zen 3 scheduler model.

Consider the following example:
```
$ ./bin/llvm-exegesis --mode=inverse_throughput --snippets-file=/tmp/snippet.s --num-repetitions=1000000 --repetition-mode=duplicate
Check generated assembly with: /usr/bin/objdump -d /tmp/snippet-4a7e50.o
---
mode: inverse_throughput
key:
instructions:
- 'VPXORYrr YMM0 YMM0 YMM0'
config: ''
register_initial_values: []
cpu_name: znver3
llvm_triple: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
num_repetitions: 1000000
measurements:
- { key: inverse_throughput, value: 0.31025, per_snippet_value: 0.31025 }
error: ''
info: ''
assembled_snippet: C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC0C3
...

```
What does it tell us?
So wait, it can only execute ~3 x86 AVX YMM PXOR zero-idioms per cycle?
That doesn't seem right. That's even less than there are pipes supporting this type of op.

Now, second example:
```
$ ./bin/llvm-exegesis --mode=inverse_throughput --snippets-file=/tmp/snippet.s --num-repetitions=1000000 --repetition-mode=loop
Check generated assembly with: /usr/bin/objdump -d /tmp/snippet-2418b5.o
---
mode: inverse_throughput
key:
instructions:
- 'VPXORYrr YMM0 YMM0 YMM0'
config: ''
register_initial_values: []
cpu_name: znver3
llvm_triple: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
num_repetitions: 1000000
measurements:
- { key: inverse_throughput, value: 1.00011, per_snippet_value: 1.00011 }
error: ''
info: ''
assembled_snippet: 49B80800000000000000C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC04983C0FF75F2C3
...
```
Now that's just worse. Due to the looping, the throughput completely plummeted,
and now we can only do a single instruction/cycle!?

That's not great.
And final example:
```
$ ./bin/llvm-exegesis --mode=inverse_throughput --snippets-file=/tmp/snippet.s --num-repetitions=1000000 --repetition-mode=loop --loop-body-size=1000
Check generated assembly with: /usr/bin/objdump -d /tmp/snippet-c402e2.o
---
mode: inverse_throughput
key:
instructions:
- 'VPXORYrr YMM0 YMM0 YMM0'
config: ''
register_initial_values: []
cpu_name: znver3
llvm_triple: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
num_repetitions: 1000000
measurements:
- { key: inverse_throughput, value: 0.167087, per_snippet_value: 0.167087 }
error: ''
info: ''
assembled_snippet: 49B80800000000000000C5FDEFC0C5FDEFC04983C0FF75F2C3
...
```

So if we merge the previous two approaches, do duplicate this single-instruction snippet 1000x
(loop-body-size/instruction count in snippet), and run a loop with 1000 iterations
over that duplicated/unrolled snippet, the measured throughput goes through the roof,
up to 5.9 instructions/cycle, which finally tells us that this idiom is zero-cycle!

Reviewed By: courbet

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D102522

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis] 'Min' repetition mode

Summary:
As noted in documentation, different repetition modes have different trade-offs:

> .. option:: -repetition-mode=[duplicate|loop]
>
> Specify the repe

[llvm-exegesis] 'Min' repetition mode

Summary:
As noted in documentation, different repetition modes have different trade-offs:

> .. option:: -repetition-mode=[duplicate|loop]
>
> Specify the repetition mode. `duplicate` will create a large, straight line
> basic block with `num-repetitions` copies of the snippet. `loop` will wrap
> the snippet in a loop which will be run `num-repetitions` times. The `loop`
> mode tends to better hide the effects of the CPU frontend on architectures
> that cache decoded instructions, but consumes a register for counting
> iterations.

Indeed. Example:

>>! In D74156#1873657, @lebedev.ri wrote:
> At least for `CMOV`, i'm seeing wildly different results
> | | Latency | RThroughput |
> | duplicate | 1 | 0.8 |
> | loop | 2 | 0.6 |
> where latency=1 seems correct, and i'd expect the througput to be close to 1/2 (since there are two execution units).

This isn't great for analysis, at least for schedule model development.

As discussed in excruciating detail in

>>! In D74156#1924514, @gchatelet wrote:
>>>! In D74156#1920632, @lebedev.ri wrote:
>> ... did that explanation of the question i'm having made any sense?
>
> Thx for digging in the conversation !
> Ok it makes more sense now.
>
> I discussed it a bit with @courbet:
> - We want the analysis tool to stay simple so we'd rather not make it knowledgeable of the repetition mode.
> - We'd like to still be able to select either repetition mode to dig into special cases
>
> So we could add a third `min` repetition mode that would run both and take the minimum. It could be the default option.
> Would you have some time to look what it would take to add this third mode?

there appears to be an agreement that it is indeed sub-par,
and that we should provide an optional, measurement (not analysis!) -time
way to rectify the situation.

However, the solutions isn't entirely straight-forward.

We can just add an actual 'multiplexer' `MinSnippetRepetitor`, because
if we just concatenate snippets produced by `DuplicateSnippetRepetitor`
and `LoopSnippetRepetitor` and run+measure that, the measurement will
naturally be different from what we'd get by running+measuring
them separately and taking the min.
([[ https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=%28x%2By%29%2F2+%21%3D+min%28x%2C+y%29 | `time(D+L)/2 != min(time(D), time(L))` ]])

Also, it seems best to me to have a single snippet instead of generating
a snippet per repetition mode, since the only difference here is that the
loop repetition mode reserves one register for loop counter.

As far as i can tell, we can either teach `BenchmarkRunner::runConfiguration()`
to produce a single report given multiple repetitors (as in the patch),
or do that one layer higher - don't modify `BenchmarkRunner::runConfiguration()`,
produce multiple reports, don't actually print each one, but aggregate them somehow
and only print the final one.

Initially i've gone ahead with the latter approach, but it didn't look like a natural fit;
the former (as in the diff) does seem like a better fit to me.

There's also a question of the test coverage. It sure currently does work here:
```
$ ./bin/llvm-exegesis --opcode-name=CMOV64rr --mode=inverse_throughput --repetition-mode=duplicate
Check generated assembly with: /usr/bin/objdump -d /tmp/snippet-8fb949.o
---
mode: inverse_throughput
key:
instructions:
- 'CMOV64rr RAX RAX R11 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RBP RBP R15 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RBX RBX RBX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RCX RCX RBX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RDI RDI R10 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RDX RDX RAX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RSI RSI RAX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R8 R8 R8 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R9 R9 RDX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R10 R10 RBX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R11 R11 R14 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R12 R12 R9 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R13 R13 R12 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R14 R14 R15 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R15 R15 R13 i_0x0'
config: ''
register_initial_values:
- 'RAX=0x0'
- 'R11=0x0'
- 'EFLAGS=0x0'
- 'RBP=0x0'
- 'R15=0x0'
- 'RBX=0x0'
- 'RCX=0x0'
- 'RDI=0x0'
- 'R10=0x0'
- 'RDX=0x0'
- 'RSI=0x0'
- 'R8=0x0'
- 'R9=0x0'
- 'R14=0x0'
- 'R12=0x0'
- 'R13=0x0'
cpu_name: bdver2
llvm_triple: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
num_repetitions: 10000
measurements:
- { key: inverse_throughput, value: 0.819, per_snippet_value: 12.285 }
error: ''
info: instruction has tied variables, using static renaming.
assembled_snippet: 5541574156415541545348B8000000000000000049BB00000000000000004883EC08C7042400000000C7442404000000009D48BD000000000000000049BF000000000000000048BB000000000000000048B9000000000000000048BF000000000000000049BA000000000000000048BA000000000000000048BE000000000000000049B8000000000000000049B9000000000000000049BE000000000000000049BC000000000000000049BD0000000000000000490F40C3490F40EF480F40DB480F40CB490F40FA480F40D0480F40F04D0F40C04C0F40CA4C0F40D34D0F40DE4D0F40E14D0F40EC4D0F40F74D0F40FD490F40C35B415C415D415E415F5DC3
...
$ ./bin/llvm-exegesis --opcode-name=CMOV64rr --mode=inverse_throughput --repetition-mode=loop
Check generated assembly with: /usr/bin/objdump -d /tmp/snippet-051eb3.o
---
mode: inverse_throughput
key:
instructions:
- 'CMOV64rr RAX RAX R11 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RBP RBP RSI i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RBX RBX R9 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RCX RCX RSI i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RDI RDI RBP i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RDX RDX R9 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RSI RSI RDI i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R9 R9 R12 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R10 R10 R11 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R11 R11 R9 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R12 R12 RBP i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R13 R13 RSI i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R14 R14 R14 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R15 R15 R10 i_0x0'
config: ''
register_initial_values:
- 'RAX=0x0'
- 'R11=0x0'
- 'EFLAGS=0x0'
- 'RBP=0x0'
- 'RSI=0x0'
- 'RBX=0x0'
- 'R9=0x0'
- 'RCX=0x0'
- 'RDI=0x0'
- 'RDX=0x0'
- 'R12=0x0'
- 'R10=0x0'
- 'R13=0x0'
- 'R14=0x0'
- 'R15=0x0'
cpu_name: bdver2
llvm_triple: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
num_repetitions: 10000
measurements:
- { key: inverse_throughput, value: 0.6083, per_snippet_value: 8.5162 }
error: ''
info: instruction has tied variables, using static renaming.
assembled_snippet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
...
$ ./bin/llvm-exegesis --opcode-name=CMOV64rr --mode=inverse_throughput --repetition-mode=min
Check generated assembly with: /usr/bin/objdump -d /tmp/snippet-c7a47d.o
Check generated assembly with: /usr/bin/objdump -d /tmp/snippet-2581f1.o
---
mode: inverse_throughput
key:
instructions:
- 'CMOV64rr RAX RAX R11 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RBP RBP R10 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RBX RBX R10 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RCX RCX RDX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RDI RDI RAX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RDX RDX R9 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr RSI RSI RAX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R9 R9 RBX i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R10 R10 R12 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R11 R11 RDI i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R12 R12 RDI i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R13 R13 RDI i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R14 R14 R9 i_0x0'
- 'CMOV64rr R15 R15 RBP i_0x0'
config: ''
register_initial_values:
- 'RAX=0x0'
- 'R11=0x0'
- 'EFLAGS=0x0'
- 'RBP=0x0'
- 'R10=0x0'
- 'RBX=0x0'
- 'RCX=0x0'
- 'RDX=0x0'
- 'RDI=0x0'
- 'R9=0x0'
- 'RSI=0x0'
- 'R12=0x0'
- 'R13=0x0'
- 'R14=0x0'
- 'R15=0x0'
cpu_name: bdver2
llvm_triple: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
num_repetitions: 10000
measurements:
- { key: inverse_throughput, value: 0.6073, per_snippet_value: 8.5022 }
error: ''
info: instruction has tied variables, using static renaming.
assembled_snippet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
...
```
but i open to suggestions as to how test that.

I also have gone with the suggestion to default to this new mode.
This was irking me for some time, so i'm happy to finally see progress here.
Looking forward to feedback.

Reviewers: courbet, gchatelet

Reviewed By: courbet, gchatelet

Subscribers: mstojanovic, RKSimon, llvm-commits, courbet, gchatelet

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D76921

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis][NFC] Remove extra `llvm::` qualifications.

Summary: Second patch: in the lib.

Reviewers: gchatelet

Subscribers: nemanjai, tschuett, MaskRay, mgrang, jsji, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

[llvm-exegesis][NFC] Remove extra `llvm::` qualifications.

Summary: Second patch: in the lib.

Reviewers: gchatelet

Subscribers: nemanjai, tschuett, MaskRay, mgrang, jsji, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D68692

llvm-svn: 374158

show more ...

[llvm-exegesis][NFC] Rename ExegesisTarget::decrementLoopCounterAndLoop()

Summary: To decrementLoopCounterAndJump, and explicitely take the jump target.

Reviewers: gchatelet

Subscribers: tschuett,

[llvm-exegesis][NFC] Rename ExegesisTarget::decrementLoopCounterAndLoop()

Summary: To decrementLoopCounterAndJump, and explicitely take the jump target.

Reviewers: gchatelet

Subscribers: tschuett, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D68375

llvm-svn: 373571

show more ...

Fix MSVC "not all control paths return a value" warning. NFCI.

llvm-svn: 373100

[llvm-exegesis] Add loop mode for repeating the snippet.

Summary:
Before this change the Executable function was made by duplicating the
snippet. This change adds a --repetion-mode={loop|duplicate}

[llvm-exegesis] Add loop mode for repeating the snippet.

Summary:
Before this change the Executable function was made by duplicating the
snippet. This change adds a --repetion-mode={loop|duplicate} flag that
allows choosing between this behaviour and wrapping the snippet instructions
in a loop.

The new mode can help measurements when the snippet fits in the DSB by
short-cirtcuiting decoding. The loop adds a dec + jmp to the measurements, but
since these are not part of the critical path, they execute in parallel
with the measured code and do not impact measurements in practice.

Overview of the change:
- New SnippetRepetitor abstraction that handles repeating the snippet.
The assembler delegates repeating the instructions to this class.
- ExegesisTarget learns how to decrement loop counter and jump.
- Some refactoring of the assembler into FunctionFiller/BasicBlockFiller.

Reviewers: gchatelet

Subscribers: mgorny, tschuett, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D68125

llvm-svn: 373083

show more ...