[NVPTX] Switch front-ends and tests to ptx_kernel cc (#120806)

the `ptx_kernel` calling convention is a more idiomatic and standard way
of specifying a NVPTX kernel than using the metadata which is

[NVPTX] Switch front-ends and tests to ptx_kernel cc (#120806)

the `ptx_kernel` calling convention is a more idiomatic and standard way
of specifying a NVPTX kernel than using the metadata which is not
supposed to change the meaning of the program. Further, checking the
calling convention is significantly faster than traversing the metadata,
improving compile time.

This change updates the clang and mlir frontends as well as the
NVPTXCtorDtorLowering pass to emit kernels using the calling convention.
In addition, this updates all NVPTX unit tests to use the calling
convention as well.

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[NVPTX] Aggressively try to replace image handles with references (#119730)

Even in cases where handles are supported, references are still
preferable for performance. This is because, a ref uses on

[NVPTX] Aggressively try to replace image handles with references (#119730)

Even in cases where handles are supported, references are still
preferable for performance. This is because, a ref uses one
less register and can avoid the handle creating code associated with
taking the address of a tex/surf/sampler.

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[NVPTX] Add tex.grad.cube{array} intrinsics (#77693)

Extend IR support for PTX `tex` instruction described in [PTX ISA.
9.7.9.3. Texture Instructions:
tex](https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/parallel-th

[NVPTX] Add tex.grad.cube{array} intrinsics (#77693)

Extend IR support for PTX `tex` instruction described in [PTX ISA.
9.7.9.3. Texture Instructions:
tex](https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/parallel-thread-execution/index.html#texture-instructions-tex).
Add support for unified-move versions of `tex.grad.cube{array}` variants
added in PTX ISA 4.3.

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[NFC][Py Reformat] Reformat python files in llvm

This is the first commit in a series that will reformat
all the python files in the LLVM repository.

Reformatting is done with `black`.

See more in

[NFC][Py Reformat] Reformat python files in llvm

This is the first commit in a series that will reformat
all the python files in the LLVM repository.

Reformatting is done with `black`.

See more information here:

https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-document-and-standardize-python-code-style

Reviewed By: jhenderson, JDevlieghere, MatzeB

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D150545

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[NVPTX] Set default version of architecture to SM_30, PTX to 6.0.

Support of variadic functions triggers an assertion on several tests
from llvm/test/CodeGen/Generic/ if nvptx64-* is specified as a

[NVPTX] Set default version of architecture to SM_30, PTX to 6.0.

Support of variadic functions triggers an assertion on several tests
from llvm/test/CodeGen/Generic/ if nvptx64-* is specified as a default
triplet:

Support for variadic functions (unsized array parameter) introduced in
PTX ISA version 6.0 and requires target sm_30.

That happens because those tests contain variadic function calls and
default versions of both PTX ISA (3.2) and architecture (sm_20) are
below the minimally required.

There were no observable problems with these tests before adding
support of variadic functions, because nvptx backend just didn't
handle them properly generating invalid PTX code.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D141054

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[NVPTX] Integrate ptxas to LIT tests

ptxas is a proprietary compiler from Nvidia that can compile PTX to
machine code (SASS). It has a lot of diagnostics to catch errors
in PTX, which can be used to

[NVPTX] Integrate ptxas to LIT tests

ptxas is a proprietary compiler from Nvidia that can compile PTX to
machine code (SASS). It has a lot of diagnostics to catch errors
in PTX, which can be used to verify PTX output from llc.

Set -DPXTAS_EXECUTABLE=/path/to/ptxas CMake option to enable it.
If this option is not set, then ptxas is substituted to true which
effectively disables all ptxas RUN lines.

LLVM_PTXAS_EXECUTABLE environment variable takes precedence over
the CMake option, and allows to override ptxas executable that is used for LIT
without complete re-configuration.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D121727

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[NVPTX] Auto-generate tests for sufrace and texture instructions

The patch adds LIT tests for SULD, SUST, TEX and TLD4 instructions as
a follow up for D112232. There are a number of FIXME marks that

[NVPTX] Auto-generate tests for sufrace and texture instructions

The patch adds LIT tests for SULD, SUST, TEX and TLD4 instructions as
a follow up for D112232. There are a number of FIXME marks that
highlight possible bugs or missed instruction variants.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114367

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