[libc++] Refactor string unit tests to ease addition of new allocators

While doing this, I also found a few tests that were either clearly
incorrect (e.g. testing the wrong function) or that lacked

[libc++] Refactor string unit tests to ease addition of new allocators

While doing this, I also found a few tests that were either clearly
incorrect (e.g. testing the wrong function) or that lacked basic test
coverage like testing std::string itself (e.g. the test was only checking
std::basic_string with a custom allocator). In these cases, I did a few
conservative drive-by changes.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D140550
Co-authored-by: Brendan Emery <brendan.emery@esrlabs.com>

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[libc++] Apply clang formatting to all string unit tests

This applies clang-format to the std::string unit tests in preparation
for landing https://reviews.llvm.org/D140550.

Differential Revision:

[libc++] Apply clang formatting to all string unit tests

This applies clang-format to the std::string unit tests in preparation
for landing https://reviews.llvm.org/D140550.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D140612

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[libc++] Implement P0980R1 (constexpr std::string)

Reviewed By: #libc, ldionne

Spies: daltenty, sdasgup3, ldionne, arichardson, MTC, ChuanqiXu, mehdi_amini, shauheen, antiagainst, nicolasvasilache,

[libc++] Implement P0980R1 (constexpr std::string)

Reviewed By: #libc, ldionne

Spies: daltenty, sdasgup3, ldionne, arichardson, MTC, ChuanqiXu, mehdi_amini, shauheen, antiagainst, nicolasvasilache, arpith-jacob, mgester, lucyrfox, aartbik, liufengdb, stephenneuendorffer, Joonsoo, grosul1, Kayjukh, jurahul, msifontes, tatianashp, rdzhabarov, teijeong, cota, dcaballe, Chia-hungDuan, wrengr, wenzhicui, arphaman, Mordante, miscco, Quuxplusone, smeenai, libcxx-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D110598

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[libc++] Prepare string tests for constexpr

These are the last™ changes to the tests for constexpr preparation.

Reviewed By: Quuxplusone, #libc, Mordante

Spies: Mordante, EricWF, libcxx-commits

D

[libc++] Prepare string tests for constexpr

These are the last™ changes to the tests for constexpr preparation.

Reviewed By: Quuxplusone, #libc, Mordante

Spies: Mordante, EricWF, libcxx-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D120951

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[libc++] Prepare string.modifiers tests for constexpr

Reviewed By: ldionne, #libc

Spies: libcxx-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D119329

[libc++] Remove the special logic for "noexcept iterators" in basic_string.

This reverts a large chunk of http://reviews.llvm.org/D15862 ,
and also fixes bugs in `insert`, `append`, and `assign`, wh

[libc++] Remove the special logic for "noexcept iterators" in basic_string.

This reverts a large chunk of http://reviews.llvm.org/D15862 ,
and also fixes bugs in `insert`, `append`, and `assign`, which are now regression-tested.
(Thanks to Tim Song for pointing out the bug in `append`!)

Before this patch, we did a special dance in `append`, `assign`, and `insert`
(but not `replace`). All of these require the strong exception guarantee,
even when the user-provided InputIterator might have throwing operations.

The naive way to accomplish this is to construct a temporary string and
then append/assign/insert from the temporary; i.e., finish all the potentially
throwing and self-inspecting InputIterator operations *before* starting to
modify self. But this is slow, so we'd like to skip it when possible.

The old code (D15682) attempted to check that specific iterator operations
were nothrow: it assumed that if the iterator operations didn't throw, then
it was safe to iterate the input range multiple times and therefore it was
safe to use the fast-path non-naive version. This was wrong for two reasons:
(1) the old code checked the wrong operations (e.g. checked noexceptness of `==`,
but the code that ran used `!=`), and (2) the conversion of value_type to char
could still throw, or inspect the contents of self.

The new code is much simpler, although still much more complicated than it
really could be. We'll likely revisit this codepath at some point, but for now
this patch suffices to get it passing all the new regression tests.

The added tests all fail before this patch, and succeed afterward.
See https://quuxplusone.github.io/blog/2021/04/17/pathological-string-appends/

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D98573

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