add strnstr(9) string search within character limit

From Mike Barcroft in FreeBSD. Added to FreeBSD in 2001, Linux in 2010.
Used in amdgpu.

ok deraadt@

Remove non-__STDC__ assert macros from <lib/libkern/libkern.h>.
The macros are defined in a part of the header where a C compiler
is required. In addition, the macros expand to C code, so it looks
un

Remove non-__STDC__ assert macros from <lib/libkern/libkern.h>.
The macros are defined in a part of the header where a C compiler
is required. In addition, the macros expand to C code, so it looks
unnecessary to define the asserts with traditional cpp in mind.

OK cheloha@, mpi@

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use size_t for the size of buffers and strings, not int.

sprinkle some bounded attributes while here.

ok deraadt@

KASSERTMSG(9): New kernel assertion with message

KASSERT() is annoying as it only prints the expression as a string. If you
(developers) want to know a little more information, you have to do:

#i

KASSERTMSG(9): New kernel assertion with message

KASSERT() is annoying as it only prints the expression as a string. If you
(developers) want to know a little more information, you have to do:

#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
if (bad)
panic(...);
#endif

KASSERTMSG() replaces it into a single line:

KASSERTMSG(!bad, ...);

Taken from NetBSD.

(There is a concern that KASSERT() messages are too long; consume more memory,
and not friendly for small monitors. This have to be considered & revisited
later.)

"Like" from henning@
Man page review & advices from jmc@ and schwarze@

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mop up #ifdef _KERNEL goo; ok miod

Initialize ci_randseed better using arc4random() + a trick. Remove the
libkern srandom() API since it is not suitable for this use.
ok kettenis miod

add fls/flsl functions to find the last bit set in a value
from FreeBSD
ok mikeb@ haesbaert@ deraadt@

Add CTASSERT macro, for compile time assertions

ok kettenis@

Add strnlen() to libkern.

ok deraadt

add a new function, explicit_bzero, to be used for erasing "secret" stuff.
unlike normal bzero, we guarantee that the compiler will not optimize out
calls to this function for otherwise dead variable

add a new function, explicit_bzero, to be used for erasing "secret" stuff.
unlike normal bzero, we guarantee that the compiler will not optimize out
calls to this function for otherwise dead variables.
to be adjusted as needed when compilers and linkers get smarter.
ok deraadt miod

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Add OpenSSH's timingsafe_bcmp() to libkern.

ok djm@, deraadt@

ansi func decls

make random(9) return per-cpu values (by saving the seed in the cpuinfo),
which are uniform for the profclock on each cpu in a SMP system (but using
a different seed for each cpu). on all cpus, avoi

make random(9) return per-cpu values (by saving the seed in the cpuinfo),
which are uniform for the profclock on each cpu in a SMP system (but using
a different seed for each cpu). on all cpus, avoid seeding with a value out
of the [0, 2^31-1] range (since that is not stable)
ok kettenis drahn

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locc() is dead, spotted by miod

move bcd tables to the only place that uses them (the unused mcd driver);
ok miod

ansi and some missing protos

add bounded attribute to some functions. anil tested and ok'ed

add back strchr/strrchr; from dhartmei

Remove strcat() and strcpy() prototypes since we no longer have those
functions in kernel-land. Noticed by Jim Rees; OK deraadt@

Remove the advertising clause in the UCB license which Berkeley
rescinded 22 July 1999. Proofed by myself and Theo.

First round of __P removal in sys

strlcat and strlcpy into libkern.

Pull memcmp() into libkern.

missed from last bcd2bin commit

add prototype for memchr