xref: /plan9/sys/include/libc.h (revision f9e1cf08d3be51592e03e639fc848a68dc31a55e)
1 #pragma	lib	"libc.a"
2 #pragma	src	"/sys/src/libc"
3 
4 #define	nelem(x)	(sizeof(x)/sizeof((x)[0]))
5 #define	offsetof(s, m)	(ulong)(&(((s*)0)->m))
6 #define	assert(x)	if(x){}else _assert("x")
7 
8 /*
9  * mem routines
10  */
11 extern	void*	memccpy(void*, void*, int, ulong);
12 extern	void*	memset(void*, int, ulong);
13 extern	int	memcmp(void*, void*, ulong);
14 extern	void*	memcpy(void*, void*, ulong);
15 extern	void*	memmove(void*, void*, ulong);
16 extern	void*	memchr(void*, int, ulong);
17 
18 /*
19  * string routines
20  */
21 extern	char*	strcat(char*, char*);
22 extern	char*	strchr(char*, int);
23 extern	int	strcmp(char*, char*);
24 extern	char*	strcpy(char*, char*);
25 extern	char*	strecpy(char*, char*, char*);
26 extern	char*	strdup(char*);
27 extern	char*	strncat(char*, char*, long);
28 extern	char*	strncpy(char*, char*, long);
29 extern	int	strncmp(char*, char*, long);
30 extern	char*	strpbrk(char*, char*);
31 extern	char*	strrchr(char*, int);
32 extern	char*	strtok(char*, char*);
33 extern	long	strlen(char*);
34 extern	long	strspn(char*, char*);
35 extern	long	strcspn(char*, char*);
36 extern	char*	strstr(char*, char*);
37 extern	int	cistrncmp(char*, char*, int);
38 extern	int	cistrcmp(char*, char*);
39 extern	char*	cistrstr(char*, char*);
40 extern	int	tokenize(char*, char**, int);
41 
42 enum
43 {
44 	UTFmax		= 3,		/* maximum bytes per rune */
45 	Runesync	= 0x80,		/* cannot represent part of a UTF sequence (<) */
46 	Runeself	= 0x80,		/* rune and UTF sequences are the same (<) */
47 	Runeerror	= 0xFFFD,	/* decoding error in UTF */
48 };
49 
50 /*
51  * rune routines
52  */
53 extern	int	runetochar(char*, Rune*);
54 extern	int	chartorune(Rune*, char*);
55 extern	int	runelen(long);
56 extern	int	runenlen(Rune*, int);
57 extern	int	fullrune(char*, int);
58 extern	int	utflen(char*);
59 extern	int	utfnlen(char*, long);
60 extern	char*	utfrune(char*, long);
61 extern	char*	utfrrune(char*, long);
62 extern	char*	utfutf(char*, char*);
63 extern	char*	utfecpy(char*, char*, char*);
64 
65 extern	Rune*	runestrcat(Rune*, Rune*);
66 extern	Rune*	runestrchr(Rune*, Rune);
67 extern	int	runestrcmp(Rune*, Rune*);
68 extern	Rune*	runestrcpy(Rune*, Rune*);
69 extern	Rune*	runestrncpy(Rune*, Rune*, long);
70 extern	Rune*	runestrecpy(Rune*, Rune*, Rune*);
71 extern	Rune*	runestrdup(Rune*);
72 extern	Rune*	runestrncat(Rune*, Rune*, long);
73 extern	int	runestrncmp(Rune*, Rune*, long);
74 extern	Rune*	runestrrchr(Rune*, Rune);
75 extern	long	runestrlen(Rune*);
76 extern	Rune*	runestrstr(Rune*, Rune*);
77 
78 extern	Rune	tolowerrune(Rune);
79 extern	Rune	totitlerune(Rune);
80 extern	Rune	toupperrune(Rune);
81 extern	int	isalpharune(Rune);
82 extern	int	islowerrune(Rune);
83 extern	int	isspacerune(Rune);
84 extern	int	istitlerune(Rune);
85 extern	int	isupperrune(Rune);
86 
87 /*
88  * malloc
89  */
90 extern	void*	malloc(ulong);
91 extern	void*	mallocz(ulong, int);
92 extern	void	free(void*);
93 extern	ulong	msize(void*);
94 extern	void*	mallocalign(ulong, ulong, long, ulong);
95 extern	void*	calloc(ulong, ulong);
96 extern	void*	realloc(void*, ulong);
97 extern	void	setmalloctag(void*, ulong);
98 extern	void	setrealloctag(void*, ulong);
99 extern	ulong	getmalloctag(void*);
100 extern	ulong	getrealloctag(void*);
101 extern	void*	malloctopoolblock(void*);
102 
103 /*
104  * print routines
105  */
106 typedef struct Fmt	Fmt;
107 struct Fmt{
108 	uchar	runes;			/* output buffer is runes or chars? */
109 	void	*start;			/* of buffer */
110 	void	*to;			/* current place in the buffer */
111 	void	*stop;			/* end of the buffer; overwritten if flush fails */
112 	int	(*flush)(Fmt *);	/* called when to == stop */
113 	void	*farg;			/* to make flush a closure */
114 	int	nfmt;			/* num chars formatted so far */
115 	va_list	args;			/* args passed to dofmt */
116 	int	r;			/* % format Rune */
117 	int	width;
118 	int	prec;
119 	ulong	flags;
120 };
121 
122 enum{
123 	FmtWidth	= 1,
124 	FmtLeft		= FmtWidth << 1,
125 	FmtPrec		= FmtLeft << 1,
126 	FmtSharp	= FmtPrec << 1,
127 	FmtSpace	= FmtSharp << 1,
128 	FmtSign		= FmtSpace << 1,
129 	FmtZero		= FmtSign << 1,
130 	FmtUnsigned	= FmtZero << 1,
131 	FmtShort	= FmtUnsigned << 1,
132 	FmtLong		= FmtShort << 1,
133 	FmtVLong	= FmtLong << 1,
134 	FmtComma	= FmtVLong << 1,
135 	FmtByte		= FmtComma << 1,
136 
137 	FmtFlag		= FmtByte << 1
138 };
139 
140 extern	int	print(char*, ...);
141 extern	char*	seprint(char*, char*, char*, ...);
142 extern	char*	vseprint(char*, char*, char*, va_list);
143 extern	int	snprint(char*, int, char*, ...);
144 extern	int	vsnprint(char*, int, char*, va_list);
145 extern	char*	smprint(char*, ...);
146 extern	char*	vsmprint(char*, va_list);
147 extern	int	sprint(char*, char*, ...);
148 extern	int	fprint(int, char*, ...);
149 extern	int	vfprint(int, char*, va_list);
150 
151 extern	int	runesprint(Rune*, char*, ...);
152 extern	int	runesnprint(Rune*, int, char*, ...);
153 extern	int	runevsnprint(Rune*, int, char*, va_list);
154 extern	Rune*	runeseprint(Rune*, Rune*, char*, ...);
155 extern	Rune*	runevseprint(Rune*, Rune*, char*, va_list);
156 extern	Rune*	runesmprint(char*, ...);
157 extern	Rune*	runevsmprint(char*, va_list);
158 
159 extern	int	fmtfdinit(Fmt*, int, char*, int);
160 extern	int	fmtfdflush(Fmt*);
161 extern	int	fmtstrinit(Fmt*);
162 extern	char*	fmtstrflush(Fmt*);
163 extern	int	runefmtstrinit(Fmt*);
164 extern	Rune*	runefmtstrflush(Fmt*);
165 
166 #pragma	varargck	argpos	fmtprint	2
167 #pragma	varargck	argpos	fprint		2
168 #pragma	varargck	argpos	print		1
169 #pragma	varargck	argpos	runeseprint	3
170 #pragma	varargck	argpos	runesmprint	1
171 #pragma	varargck	argpos	runesnprint	3
172 #pragma	varargck	argpos	runesprint	2
173 #pragma	varargck	argpos	seprint		3
174 #pragma	varargck	argpos	smprint		1
175 #pragma	varargck	argpos	snprint		3
176 #pragma	varargck	argpos	sprint		2
177 
178 #pragma	varargck	type	"lld"	vlong
179 #pragma	varargck	type	"llx"	vlong
180 #pragma	varargck	type	"lld"	uvlong
181 #pragma	varargck	type	"llx"	uvlong
182 #pragma	varargck	type	"ld"	long
183 #pragma	varargck	type	"lx"	long
184 #pragma	varargck	type	"lb"	long
185 #pragma	varargck	type	"ld"	ulong
186 #pragma	varargck	type	"lx"	ulong
187 #pragma	varargck	type	"lb"	ulong
188 #pragma	varargck	type	"d"	int
189 #pragma	varargck	type	"x"	int
190 #pragma	varargck	type	"c"	int
191 #pragma	varargck	type	"C"	int
192 #pragma	varargck	type	"b"	int
193 #pragma	varargck	type	"d"	uint
194 #pragma	varargck	type	"x"	uint
195 #pragma	varargck	type	"c"	uint
196 #pragma	varargck	type	"C"	uint
197 #pragma	varargck	type	"b"	uint
198 #pragma	varargck	type	"f"	double
199 #pragma	varargck	type	"e"	double
200 #pragma	varargck	type	"g"	double
201 #pragma	varargck	type	"s"	char*
202 #pragma	varargck	type	"q"	char*
203 #pragma	varargck	type	"S"	Rune*
204 #pragma	varargck	type	"Q"	Rune*
205 #pragma	varargck	type	"r"	void
206 #pragma	varargck	type	"%"	void
207 #pragma	varargck	type	"n"	int*
208 #pragma	varargck	type	"p"	uintptr
209 #pragma	varargck	type	"p"	void*
210 #pragma	varargck	flag	','
211 #pragma	varargck	flag	'h'
212 #pragma varargck	type	"<"	void*
213 #pragma varargck	type	"["	void*
214 #pragma varargck	type	"H"	void*
215 #pragma varargck	type	"lH"	void*
216 
217 extern	int	fmtinstall(int, int (*)(Fmt*));
218 extern	int	dofmt(Fmt*, char*);
219 extern	int	dorfmt(Fmt*, Rune*);
220 extern	int	fmtprint(Fmt*, char*, ...);
221 extern	int	fmtvprint(Fmt*, char*, va_list);
222 extern	int	fmtrune(Fmt*, int);
223 extern	int	fmtstrcpy(Fmt*, char*);
224 extern	int	fmtrunestrcpy(Fmt*, Rune*);
225 /*
226  * error string for %r
227  * supplied on per os basis, not part of fmt library
228  */
229 extern	int	errfmt(Fmt *f);
230 
231 /*
232  * quoted strings
233  */
234 extern	char	*unquotestrdup(char*);
235 extern	Rune	*unquoterunestrdup(Rune*);
236 extern	char	*quotestrdup(char*);
237 extern	Rune	*quoterunestrdup(Rune*);
238 extern	int	quotestrfmt(Fmt*);
239 extern	int	quoterunestrfmt(Fmt*);
240 extern	void	quotefmtinstall(void);
241 extern	int	(*doquote)(int);
242 extern	int	needsrcquote(int);
243 
244 /*
245  * random number
246  */
247 extern	void	srand(long);
248 extern	int	rand(void);
249 extern	int	nrand(int);
250 extern	long	lrand(void);
251 extern	long	lnrand(long);
252 extern	double	frand(void);
253 extern	ulong	truerand(void);			/* uses /dev/random */
254 extern	ulong	ntruerand(ulong);		/* uses /dev/random */
255 
256 /*
257  * math
258  */
259 extern	ulong	getfcr(void);
260 extern	void	setfsr(ulong);
261 extern	ulong	getfsr(void);
262 extern	void	setfcr(ulong);
263 extern	double	NaN(void);
264 extern	double	Inf(int);
265 extern	int	isNaN(double);
266 extern	int	isInf(double, int);
267 extern	ulong	umuldiv(ulong, ulong, ulong);
268 extern	long	muldiv(long, long, long);
269 
270 extern	double	pow(double, double);
271 extern	double	atan2(double, double);
272 extern	double	fabs(double);
273 extern	double	atan(double);
274 extern	double	log(double);
275 extern	double	log10(double);
276 extern	double	exp(double);
277 extern	double	floor(double);
278 extern	double	ceil(double);
279 extern	double	hypot(double, double);
280 extern	double	sin(double);
281 extern	double	cos(double);
282 extern	double	tan(double);
283 extern	double	asin(double);
284 extern	double	acos(double);
285 extern	double	sinh(double);
286 extern	double	cosh(double);
287 extern	double	tanh(double);
288 extern	double	sqrt(double);
289 extern	double	fmod(double, double);
290 
291 #define	HUGE	3.4028234e38
292 #define	PIO2	1.570796326794896619231e0
293 #define	PI	(PIO2+PIO2)
294 
295 /*
296  * Time-of-day
297  */
298 
299 typedef
300 struct Tm
301 {
302 	int	sec;
303 	int	min;
304 	int	hour;
305 	int	mday;
306 	int	mon;
307 	int	year;
308 	int	wday;
309 	int	yday;
310 	char	zone[4];
311 	int	tzoff;
312 } Tm;
313 
314 extern	Tm*	gmtime(long);
315 extern	Tm*	localtime(long);
316 extern	char*	asctime(Tm*);
317 extern	char*	ctime(long);
318 extern	double	cputime(void);
319 extern	long	times(long*);
320 extern	long	tm2sec(Tm*);
321 extern	vlong	nsec(void);
322 
323 extern	void	cycles(uvlong*);	/* 64-bit value of the cycle counter if there is one, 0 if there isn't */
324 
325 /*
326  * one-of-a-kind
327  */
328 enum
329 {
330 	PNPROC		= 1,
331 	PNGROUP		= 2,
332 };
333 
334 extern	void	_assert(char*);
335 extern	int	abs(int);
336 extern	int	atexit(void(*)(void));
337 extern	void	atexitdont(void(*)(void));
338 extern	int	atnotify(int(*)(void*, char*), int);
339 extern	double	atof(char*);
340 extern	int	atoi(char*);
341 extern	long	atol(char*);
342 extern	vlong	atoll(char*);
343 extern	double	charstod(int(*)(void*), void*);
344 extern	char*	cleanname(char*);
345 extern	int	decrypt(void*, void*, int);
346 extern	int	encrypt(void*, void*, int);
347 extern	int	dec64(uchar*, int, char*, int);
348 extern	int	enc64(char*, int, uchar*, int);
349 extern	int	dec32(uchar*, int, char*, int);
350 extern	int	enc32(char*, int, uchar*, int);
351 extern	int	dec16(uchar*, int, char*, int);
352 extern	int	enc16(char*, int, uchar*, int);
353 extern	int	encodefmt(Fmt*);
354 extern	void	exits(char*);
355 extern	double	frexp(double, int*);
356 extern	uintptr	getcallerpc(void*);
357 extern	char*	getenv(char*);
358 extern	int	getfields(char*, char**, int, int, char*);
359 extern	int	gettokens(char *, char **, int, char *);
360 extern	char*	getuser(void);
361 extern	char*	getwd(char*, int);
362 extern	int	iounit(int);
363 extern	long	labs(long);
364 extern	double	ldexp(double, int);
365 extern	void	longjmp(jmp_buf, int);
366 extern	char*	mktemp(char*);
367 extern	double	modf(double, double*);
368 extern	int	netcrypt(void*, void*);
369 extern	void	notejmp(void*, jmp_buf, int);
370 extern	void	perror(char*);
371 extern	int	postnote(int, int, char *);
372 extern	double	pow10(int);
373 extern	int	putenv(char*, char*);
374 extern	void	qsort(void*, long, long, int (*)(void*, void*));
375 extern	int	setjmp(jmp_buf);
376 extern	double	strtod(char*, char**);
377 extern	long	strtol(char*, char**, int);
378 extern	ulong	strtoul(char*, char**, int);
379 extern	vlong	strtoll(char*, char**, int);
380 extern	uvlong	strtoull(char*, char**, int);
381 extern	void	sysfatal(char*, ...);
382 #pragma	varargck	argpos	sysfatal	1
383 extern	void	syslog(int, char*, char*, ...);
384 #pragma	varargck	argpos	syslog	3
385 extern	long	time(long*);
386 extern	int	tolower(int);
387 extern	int	toupper(int);
388 
389 /*
390  *  profiling
391  */
392 enum {
393 	Profoff,		/* No profiling */
394 	Profuser,		/* Measure user time only (default) */
395 	Profkernel,		/* Measure user + kernel time */
396 	Proftime,		/* Measure total time */
397 	Profsample,		/* Use clock interrupt to sample (default when there is no cycle counter) */
398 }; /* what */
399 extern	void	prof(void (*fn)(void*), void *arg, int entries, int what);
400 
401 /*
402  *  synchronization
403  */
404 typedef
405 struct Lock {
406 	int	val;
407 } Lock;
408 
409 extern int	_tas(int*);
410 
411 extern	void	lock(Lock*);
412 extern	void	unlock(Lock*);
413 extern	int	canlock(Lock*);
414 
415 typedef struct QLp QLp;
416 struct QLp
417 {
418 	int	inuse;
419 	QLp	*next;
420 	char	state;
421 };
422 
423 typedef
424 struct QLock
425 {
426 	Lock	lock;
427 	int	locked;
428 	QLp	*head;
429 	QLp 	*tail;
430 } QLock;
431 
432 extern	void	qlock(QLock*);
433 extern	void	qunlock(QLock*);
434 extern	int	canqlock(QLock*);
435 extern	void	_qlockinit(void* (*)(void*, void*));	/* called only by the thread library */
436 
437 typedef
438 struct RWLock
439 {
440 	Lock	lock;
441 	int	readers;	/* number of readers */
442 	int	writer;		/* number of writers */
443 	QLp	*head;		/* list of waiting processes */
444 	QLp	*tail;
445 } RWLock;
446 
447 extern	void	rlock(RWLock*);
448 extern	void	runlock(RWLock*);
449 extern	int	canrlock(RWLock*);
450 extern	void	wlock(RWLock*);
451 extern	void	wunlock(RWLock*);
452 extern	int	canwlock(RWLock*);
453 
454 typedef
455 struct Rendez
456 {
457 	QLock	*l;
458 	QLp	*head;
459 	QLp	*tail;
460 } Rendez;
461 
462 extern	void	rsleep(Rendez*);	/* unlocks r->l, sleeps, locks r->l again */
463 extern	int	rwakeup(Rendez*);
464 extern	int	rwakeupall(Rendez*);
465 extern	void**	privalloc(void);
466 extern	void	privfree(void**);
467 
468 /*
469  *  network dialing
470  */
471 #define NETPATHLEN 40
472 extern	int	accept(int, char*);
473 extern	int	announce(char*, char*);
474 extern	int	dial(char*, char*, char*, int*);
475 extern	void	setnetmtpt(char*, int, char*);
476 extern	int	hangup(int);
477 extern	int	listen(char*, char*);
478 extern	char*	netmkaddr(char*, char*, char*);
479 extern	int	reject(int, char*, char*);
480 
481 /*
482  *  encryption
483  */
484 extern	int	pushssl(int, char*, char*, char*, int*);
485 extern	int	pushtls(int, char*, char*, int, char*, char*);
486 
487 /*
488  *  network services
489  */
490 typedef struct NetConnInfo NetConnInfo;
491 struct NetConnInfo
492 {
493 	char	*dir;		/* connection directory */
494 	char	*root;		/* network root */
495 	char	*spec;		/* binding spec */
496 	char	*lsys;		/* local system */
497 	char	*lserv;		/* local service */
498 	char	*rsys;		/* remote system */
499 	char	*rserv;		/* remote service */
500 	char	*laddr;		/* local address */
501 	char	*raddr;		/* remote address */
502 };
503 extern	NetConnInfo*	getnetconninfo(char*, int);
504 extern	void		freenetconninfo(NetConnInfo*);
505 
506 /*
507  * system calls
508  *
509  */
510 #define	STATMAX	65535U	/* max length of machine-independent stat structure */
511 #define	DIRMAX	(sizeof(Dir)+STATMAX)	/* max length of Dir structure */
512 #define	ERRMAX	128	/* max length of error string */
513 
514 #define	MORDER	0x0003	/* mask for bits defining order of mounting */
515 #define	MREPL	0x0000	/* mount replaces object */
516 #define	MBEFORE	0x0001	/* mount goes before others in union directory */
517 #define	MAFTER	0x0002	/* mount goes after others in union directory */
518 #define	MCREATE	0x0004	/* permit creation in mounted directory */
519 #define	MCACHE	0x0010	/* cache some data */
520 #define	MMASK	0x0017	/* all bits on */
521 
522 #define	OREAD	0	/* open for read */
523 #define	OWRITE	1	/* write */
524 #define	ORDWR	2	/* read and write */
525 #define	OEXEC	3	/* execute, == read but check execute permission */
526 #define	OTRUNC	16	/* or'ed in (except for exec), truncate file first */
527 #define	OCEXEC	32	/* or'ed in, close on exec */
528 #define	ORCLOSE	64	/* or'ed in, remove on close */
529 #define	OEXCL	0x1000	/* or'ed in, exclusive use (create only) */
530 
531 #define	AEXIST	0	/* accessible: exists */
532 #define	AEXEC	1	/* execute access */
533 #define	AWRITE	2	/* write access */
534 #define	AREAD	4	/* read access */
535 
536 /* Segattch */
537 #define	SG_RONLY	0040	/* read only */
538 #define	SG_CEXEC	0100	/* detach on exec */
539 
540 #define	NCONT	0	/* continue after note */
541 #define	NDFLT	1	/* terminate after note */
542 #define	NSAVE	2	/* clear note but hold state */
543 #define	NRSTR	3	/* restore saved state */
544 
545 /* bits in Qid.type */
546 #define QTDIR		0x80		/* type bit for directories */
547 #define QTAPPEND	0x40		/* type bit for append only files */
548 #define QTEXCL		0x20		/* type bit for exclusive use files */
549 #define QTMOUNT		0x10		/* type bit for mounted channel */
550 #define QTAUTH		0x08		/* type bit for authentication file */
551 #define QTTMP		0x04		/* type bit for not-backed-up file */
552 #define QTFILE		0x00		/* plain file */
553 
554 /* bits in Dir.mode */
555 #define DMDIR		0x80000000	/* mode bit for directories */
556 #define DMAPPEND	0x40000000	/* mode bit for append only files */
557 #define DMEXCL		0x20000000	/* mode bit for exclusive use files */
558 #define DMMOUNT		0x10000000	/* mode bit for mounted channel */
559 #define DMAUTH		0x08000000	/* mode bit for authentication file */
560 #define DMTMP		0x04000000	/* mode bit for non-backed-up files */
561 #define DMREAD		0x4		/* mode bit for read permission */
562 #define DMWRITE		0x2		/* mode bit for write permission */
563 #define DMEXEC		0x1		/* mode bit for execute permission */
564 
565 /* rfork */
566 enum
567 {
568 	RFNAMEG		= (1<<0),
569 	RFENVG		= (1<<1),
570 	RFFDG		= (1<<2),
571 	RFNOTEG		= (1<<3),
572 	RFPROC		= (1<<4),
573 	RFMEM		= (1<<5),
574 	RFNOWAIT	= (1<<6),
575 	RFCNAMEG	= (1<<10),
576 	RFCENVG		= (1<<11),
577 	RFCFDG		= (1<<12),
578 	RFREND		= (1<<13),
579 	RFNOMNT		= (1<<14)
580 };
581 
582 typedef
583 struct Qid
584 {
585 	uvlong	path;
586 	ulong	vers;
587 	uchar	type;
588 } Qid;
589 
590 typedef
591 struct Dir {
592 	/* system-modified data */
593 	ushort	type;	/* server type */
594 	uint	dev;	/* server subtype */
595 	/* file data */
596 	Qid	qid;	/* unique id from server */
597 	ulong	mode;	/* permissions */
598 	ulong	atime;	/* last read time */
599 	ulong	mtime;	/* last write time */
600 	vlong	length;	/* file length */
601 	char	*name;	/* last element of path */
602 	char	*uid;	/* owner name */
603 	char	*gid;	/* group name */
604 	char	*muid;	/* last modifier name */
605 } Dir;
606 
607 /* keep /sys/src/ape/lib/ap/plan9/sys9.h in sync with this -rsc */
608 typedef
609 struct Waitmsg
610 {
611 	int	pid;		/* of loved one */
612 	ulong	time[3];	/* of loved one & descendants */
613 	char	*msg;
614 } Waitmsg;
615 
616 typedef
617 struct IOchunk
618 {
619 	void	*addr;
620 	ulong	len;
621 } IOchunk;
622 
623 extern	void	_exits(char*);
624 
625 extern	void	abort(void);
626 extern	int	access(char*, int);
627 extern	long	alarm(ulong);
628 extern	int	await(char*, int);
629 extern	int	bind(char*, char*, int);
630 extern	int	brk(void*);
631 extern	int	chdir(char*);
632 extern	int	close(int);
633 extern	int	create(char*, int, ulong);
634 extern	int	dup(int, int);
635 extern	int	errstr(char*, uint);
636 extern	int	exec(char*, char*[]);
637 extern	int	execl(char*, ...);
638 extern	int	fork(void);
639 extern	int	rfork(int);
640 extern	int	fauth(int, char*);
641 extern	int	fstat(int, uchar*, int);
642 extern	int	fwstat(int, uchar*, int);
643 extern	int	fversion(int, int, char*, int);
644 extern	int	mount(int, int, char*, int, char*);
645 extern	int	unmount(char*, char*);
646 extern	int	noted(int);
647 extern	int	notify(void(*)(void*, char*));
648 extern	int	open(char*, int);
649 extern	int	fd2path(int, char*, int);
650 extern	int	pipe(int*);
651 extern	long	pread(int, void*, long, vlong);
652 extern	long	preadv(int, IOchunk*, int, vlong);
653 extern	long	pwrite(int, void*, long, vlong);
654 extern	long	pwritev(int, IOchunk*, int, vlong);
655 extern	long	read(int, void*, long);
656 extern	long	readn(int, void*, long);
657 extern	long	readv(int, IOchunk*, int);
658 extern	int	remove(char*);
659 extern	void*	sbrk(ulong);
660 extern	long	oseek(int, long, int);
661 extern	vlong	seek(int, vlong, int);
662 extern	void*	segattach(int, char*, void*, ulong);
663 extern	void*	segbrk(void*, void*);
664 extern	int	segdetach(void*);
665 extern	int	segflush(void*, ulong);
666 extern	int	segfree(void*, ulong);
667 extern	int	semacquire(long*, int);
668 extern	long	semrelease(long*, long);
669 extern	int	sleep(long);
670 extern	int	stat(char*, uchar*, int);
671 extern	Waitmsg*	wait(void);
672 extern	int	waitpid(void);
673 extern	long	write(int, void*, long);
674 extern	long	writev(int, IOchunk*, int);
675 extern	int	wstat(char*, uchar*, int);
676 extern	void*	rendezvous(void*, void*);
677 
678 extern	Dir*	dirstat(char*);
679 extern	Dir*	dirfstat(int);
680 extern	int	dirwstat(char*, Dir*);
681 extern	int	dirfwstat(int, Dir*);
682 extern	long	dirread(int, Dir**);
683 extern	void	nulldir(Dir*);
684 extern	long	dirreadall(int, Dir**);
685 extern	int	getpid(void);
686 extern	int	getppid(void);
687 extern	void	rerrstr(char*, uint);
688 extern	char*	sysname(void);
689 extern	void	werrstr(char*, ...);
690 #pragma	varargck	argpos	werrstr	1
691 
692 extern char *argv0;
693 #define	ARGBEGIN	for((argv0||(argv0=*argv)),argv++,argc--;\
694 			    argv[0] && argv[0][0]=='-' && argv[0][1];\
695 			    argc--, argv++) {\
696 				char *_args, *_argt;\
697 				Rune _argc;\
698 				_args = &argv[0][1];\
699 				if(_args[0]=='-' && _args[1]==0){\
700 					argc--; argv++; break;\
701 				}\
702 				_argc = 0;\
703 				while(*_args && (_args += chartorune(&_argc, _args)))\
704 				switch(_argc)
705 #define	ARGEND		SET(_argt);USED(_argt,_argc,_args);}USED(argv, argc);
706 #define	ARGF()		(_argt=_args, _args="",\
707 				(*_argt? _argt: argv[1]? (argc--, *++argv): 0))
708 #define	EARGF(x)	(_argt=_args, _args="",\
709 				(*_argt? _argt: argv[1]? (argc--, *++argv): ((x), abort(), (char*)0)))
710 
711 #define	ARGC()		_argc
712 
713 /* this is used by sbrk and brk,  it's a really bad idea to redefine it */
714 extern	char	end[];
715