1 /* $OpenBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.5 2017/11/02 11:06:54 jca Exp $ */ 2 /* $NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.10 2016/04/03 11:00:13 mlelstv Exp $ */ 3 4 /* 5 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 6 * All rights reserved. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 15 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 16 * distribution. 17 * 18 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 19 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 20 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 22 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 24 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 25 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 26 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 27 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 28 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 29 */ 30 31 #include <sys/param.h> 32 #include <sys/stat.h> 33 #include <sys/time.h> 34 35 #include <ctype.h> 36 #include <err.h> 37 #include <errno.h> 38 #include <fcntl.h> 39 #include <paths.h> 40 #include <stdio.h> 41 #include <stdint.h> 42 #include <stdlib.h> 43 #include <string.h> 44 #include <time.h> 45 #include <unistd.h> 46 #include <signal.h> 47 48 #include <util.h> 49 #include <disktab.h> 50 51 #include "makefs.h" 52 #include "msdos/mkfs_msdos.h" 53 54 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 55 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 56 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 57 58 #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 59 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 60 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 61 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 62 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 63 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 64 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 65 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 66 #define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 67 #define MINCLS16 0xff5 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 68 #define MINCLS32 0xfff5 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 69 #define MAXCLS12 0xff4 /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 70 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff4 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 71 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 72 73 #define mincls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 74 (fat_type) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 75 MINCLS32) 76 77 #define maxcls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 78 (fat_type) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 79 MAXCLS32) 80 81 #define mk1(p, x) \ 82 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 83 84 #define mk2(p, x) \ 85 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 86 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 87 88 #define mk4(p, x) \ 89 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 90 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 91 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 92 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 93 94 struct bs { 95 u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 96 u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 97 }; 98 99 struct bsbpb { 100 u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 101 u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 102 u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 103 u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ 104 u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ 105 u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ 106 u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ 107 u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 108 u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ 109 u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ 110 u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 111 u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ 112 }; 113 114 struct bsxbpb { 115 u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 116 u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 117 u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ 118 u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 119 u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ 120 u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 121 u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ 122 }; 123 124 struct bsx { 125 u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ 126 u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ 127 u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ 128 u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ 129 u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ 130 u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ 131 }; 132 133 struct de { 134 u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ 135 u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ 136 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 137 u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ 138 u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ 139 u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ 140 u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ 141 }; 142 143 struct bpb { 144 u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ 145 u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 146 u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ 147 u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ 148 u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ 149 u_int sec; /* total sectors */ 150 u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ 151 u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ 152 u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ 153 u_int hds; /* drive heads */ 154 u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ 155 u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ 156 u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ 157 u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ 158 u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ 159 u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ 160 }; 161 162 #define INIT(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) \ 163 { .bps = a, .spc = b, .res = c, .nft = d, .rde = e, \ 164 .sec = f, .mid = g, .spf = h, .spt = i, .hds = j, } 165 static struct { 166 const char *name; 167 struct bpb bpb; 168 } stdfmt[] = { 169 {"160", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1)}, 170 {"180", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1)}, 171 {"320", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2)}, 172 {"360", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2)}, 173 {"640", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2)}, 174 {"720", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2)}, 175 {"1200", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2)}, 176 {"1232", INIT(1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2)}, 177 {"1440", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2)}, 178 {"2880", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2)} 179 }; 180 181 static u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 182 0xfa, /* cli */ 183 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 184 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 185 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 186 0xfb, /* sti */ 187 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 188 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 189 0x5e, /* pop si */ 190 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 191 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 192 0xfc, /* cld */ 193 0xac, /* lodsb */ 194 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 195 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 196 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 197 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 198 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 199 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 200 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 201 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 202 0x0d, 0x0a, 203 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 204 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 205 0x0d, 0x0a, 206 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 207 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 208 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 209 0x0d, 0x0a, 210 0 211 }; 212 213 static int got_siginfo = 0; /* received a SIGINFO */ 214 215 static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 216 static int getbpbinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *, int); 217 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 218 static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 219 static int oklabel(const char *); 220 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 221 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 222 static void infohandler(int sig); 223 224 int 225 mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 226 { 227 char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; 228 struct stat sb; 229 struct timeval tv; 230 struct bpb bpb; 231 struct tm *tm; 232 struct bs *bs; 233 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 234 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 235 struct bsx *bsx; 236 struct de *de; 237 u_int8_t *img; 238 const char *bname; 239 ssize_t n; 240 time_t now; 241 u_int bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 242 int ch, fd, fd1; 243 struct msdos_options o = *op; 244 int oflags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT; 245 246 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 247 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 248 return -1; 249 } 250 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 251 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 252 return -1; 253 } 254 if (o.create_size) { 255 if (o.offset == 0) 256 oflags |= O_TRUNC; 257 fd = open(fname, oflags, 0644); 258 if (fd == -1) { 259 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 260 return -1; 261 } 262 (void)lseek(fd, o.create_size - 1, SEEK_SET); 263 if (write(fd, "\0", 1) != 1) { 264 warn("failed to set file size"); 265 return -1; 266 } 267 (void)lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET); 268 } else if ((fd = open(fname, O_RDWR)) == -1 || 269 fstat(fd, &sb)) { 270 warn("%s", fname); 271 return -1; 272 } 273 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) && !o.create_size) { 274 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 275 return -1; 276 } 277 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 278 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 279 return -1; 280 } 281 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 282 if (o.floppy) { 283 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 284 return -1; 285 bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; 286 bpb.sec = 0; 287 bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; 288 bpb.spf = 0; 289 } 290 if (o.drive_heads) 291 bpb.hds = o.drive_heads; 292 if (o.sectors_per_track) 293 bpb.spt = o.sectors_per_track; 294 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 295 bpb.bps = o.bytes_per_sector; 296 if (o.size) 297 bpb.bsec = o.size; 298 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 299 bpb.hid = o.hidden_sectors; 300 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 301 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 302 if (getbpbinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb, 303 o.create_size != 0) == -1) 304 return -1; 305 bpb.bsec -= (o.offset / bpb.bps); 306 if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */ 307 /* minimum cluster size */ 308 switch (o.fat_type) { 309 case 12: 310 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 311 x = 2; /* up to 2MB */ 312 break; 313 case 16: 314 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 315 x = 32; /* up to 32MB */ 316 break; 317 default: 318 bpb.spc = 8; /* use 4k */ 319 x = 8192; /* up to 8GB */ 320 break; 321 } 322 x1 = howmany(bpb.bsec, (1048576 / 512)); /* -> MB */ 323 while (bpb.spc < 128 && x < x1) { 324 x *= 2; 325 bpb.spc *= 2; 326 } 327 } 328 } 329 330 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 331 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 332 return -1; 333 } 334 335 switch (o.fat_type) { 336 case 0: 337 if (o.floppy) 338 o.fat_type = 12; 339 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 340 o.fat_type = 32; 341 break; 342 case 12: 343 case 16: 344 if (o.info_sector) { 345 warnx("Cannot specify info sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 346 return -1; 347 } 348 if (o.backup_sector) { 349 warnx("Cannot specify backup sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 350 return -1; 351 } 352 break; 353 case 32: 354 if (o.directory_entries) { 355 warnx("Cannot specify directory entries with FAT32"); 356 return -1; 357 } 358 break; 359 default: 360 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", o.fat_type); 361 return -1; 362 } 363 if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) { 364 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); 365 return -1; 366 } 367 if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) { 368 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 369 bpb.bps, MINBPS); 370 return -1; 371 } 372 373 if (o.floppy && o.fat_type == 32) 374 bpb.rde = 0; 375 if (o.block_size) { 376 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 377 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 378 return -1; 379 } 380 if (o.block_size < bpb.bps) { 381 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 382 o.block_size, bpb.bps); 383 return -1; 384 } 385 if (o.block_size > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) { 386 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 387 o.block_size, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); 388 return -1; 389 } 390 bpb.spc = o.block_size / bpb.bps; 391 } 392 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 393 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 394 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 395 o.sectors_per_cluster); 396 return -1; 397 } 398 bpb.spc = o.sectors_per_cluster; 399 } 400 if (o.reserved_sectors) 401 bpb.res = o.reserved_sectors; 402 if (o.num_FAT) { 403 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 404 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 405 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 406 return -1; 407 } 408 bpb.nft = o.num_FAT; 409 } 410 if (o.directory_entries) 411 bpb.rde = o.directory_entries; 412 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 413 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 414 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 415 return -1; 416 } 417 bpb.mid = o.media_descriptor; 418 } 419 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 420 bpb.bspf = o.sectors_per_fat; 421 if (o.info_sector) 422 bpb.infs = o.info_sector; 423 if (o.backup_sector) 424 bpb.bkbs = o.backup_sector; 425 bss = 1; 426 bname = NULL; 427 fd1 = -1; 428 if (o.bootstrap) { 429 bname = o.bootstrap; 430 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 431 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 432 if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) { 433 warn(NULL); 434 return -1; 435 } 436 } 437 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 438 warn("%s", bname); 439 return -1; 440 } 441 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || 442 sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) { 443 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 444 return -1; 445 } 446 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; 447 } 448 if (!bpb.nft) 449 bpb.nft = 2; 450 if (!o.fat_type) { 451 if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 452 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 453 ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * 454 bpb.nft + 455 howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, 456 bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 457 (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 458 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) 459 o.fat_type = 12; 460 else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < 461 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 462 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + 463 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 464 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 465 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) 466 o.fat_type = 16; 467 else 468 o.fat_type = 32; 469 } 470 x = bss; 471 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 472 if (!bpb.infs) { 473 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) { 474 warnx("no room for info sector"); 475 return -1; 476 } 477 bpb.infs = x; 478 } 479 if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) 480 x = bpb.infs + 1; 481 if (!bpb.bkbs) { 482 if (x == MAXU16) { 483 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 484 return -1; 485 } 486 bpb.bkbs = x; 487 } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) { 488 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 489 return -1; 490 } 491 if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) 492 x = bpb.bkbs + 1; 493 } 494 if (!bpb.res) 495 bpb.res = o.fat_type == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x; 496 else if (bpb.res < x) { 497 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, bpb.res); 498 return -1; 499 } 500 if (o.fat_type != 32 && !bpb.rde) 501 bpb.rde = DEFRDE; 502 rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); 503 if (!bpb.spc) 504 for (bpb.spc = howmany(o.fat_type == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); 505 bpb.spc < MAXSPC && 506 bpb.res + 507 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(o.fat_type)) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 508 bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + 509 rds + 510 (u_int64_t)(maxcls(o.fat_type) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; 511 bpb.spc <<= 1); 512 if (o.fat_type != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) { 513 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 514 return -1; 515 } 516 x1 = bpb.res + rds; 517 x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; 518 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) { 519 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 520 return -1; 521 } 522 x1 += x * bpb.nft; 523 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / 524 (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + o.fat_type / BPN * bpb.nft); 525 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(o.fat_type))) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 526 bpb.bps * NPB); 527 if (!bpb.bspf) { 528 bpb.bspf = x2; 529 x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; 530 } 531 cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; 532 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (o.fat_type / BPN) - RESFTE; 533 if (cls > x) 534 cls = x; 535 if (bpb.bspf < x2) { 536 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 537 cls); 538 return -1; 539 } 540 if (cls < mincls(o.fat_type)) { 541 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, 542 o.fat_type, mincls(o.fat_type)); 543 return -1; 544 } 545 if (cls > maxcls(o.fat_type)) { 546 cls = maxcls(o.fat_type); 547 bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; 548 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 549 bpb.bsec); 550 return -1; 551 } 552 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 553 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc, 554 cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, o.fat_type, 555 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); 556 if (!bpb.mid) 557 bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 558 if (o.fat_type == 32) 559 bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; 560 if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { 561 bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; 562 bpb.bsec = 0; 563 } 564 if (o.fat_type != 32) { 565 bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; 566 bpb.bspf = 0; 567 } 568 ch = 0; 569 if (o.fat_type == 12) 570 ch = 1; /* 001 Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT */ 571 else if (o.fat_type == 16) { 572 if (bpb.bsec == 0) 573 ch = 4; /* 004 Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT <32M */ 574 else 575 ch = 6; /* 006 Primary 'big' DOS, 16-bit FAT (> 32MB) */ 576 /* 577 * XXX: what about: 578 * 014 DOS (16-bit FAT) - LBA 579 * ? 580 */ 581 } else if (o.fat_type == 32) { 582 ch = 11; /* 011 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT */ 583 /* 584 * XXX: what about: 585 * 012 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT - LBA 586 * ? 587 */ 588 } 589 if (ch != 0) 590 printf("MBR type: %d\n", ch); 591 print_bpb(&bpb); 592 593 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 594 now = tv.tv_sec; 595 tm = localtime(&now); 596 img = emalloc(bpb.bps); 597 dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; 598 signal(SIGINFO, infohandler); 599 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { 600 if (got_siginfo) { 601 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 602 fname,lsn,(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)), 603 (lsn*100)/(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds))); 604 got_siginfo = 0; 605 } 606 x = lsn; 607 if (o.bootstrap && 608 o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 609 bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { 610 x -= bpb.bkbs; 611 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 612 warn("%s", bname); 613 return -1; 614 } 615 } 616 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 617 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 618 warn("%s", bname); 619 return -1; 620 } 621 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 622 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 623 return -1; 624 } 625 } else 626 memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); 627 if (!lsn || 628 (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { 629 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 630 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 631 mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); 632 mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); 633 mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); 634 mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); 635 mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); 636 mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); 637 mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); 638 mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); 639 mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); 640 mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); 641 mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); 642 mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); 643 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 644 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 645 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 646 mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); 647 mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); 648 mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); 649 mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); 650 mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); 651 mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); 652 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 653 } 654 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 655 mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); 656 if (o.volume_id_set) 657 x = o.volume_id; 658 else 659 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 660 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 661 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 662 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 663 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 664 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 665 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 666 mk4(bsx->volid, x); 667 mklabel(bsx->label, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 668 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", o.fat_type); 669 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); 670 if (!o.bootstrap) { 671 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 672 bs = (struct bs *)img; 673 mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); 674 mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); 675 mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); 676 setstr(bs->oem, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "NetBSD", 677 sizeof(bs->oem)); 678 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 679 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 680 } 681 } else if (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && 682 (lsn == bpb.infs || 683 (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 684 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { 685 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 686 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 687 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 688 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff); 689 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 690 } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && 691 !((lsn - bpb.res) % 692 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { 693 mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); 694 for (x = 1; x < o.fat_type * (o.fat_type == 32 ? 3U : 2U) / 8U; x++) 695 mk1(img[x], o.fat_type == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 696 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 697 de = (struct de *)img; 698 mklabel(de->namext, o.volume_label); 699 mk1(de->attr, 050); 700 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 701 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 702 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 703 mk2(de->time, x); 704 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 705 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 706 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 707 mk2(de->date, x); 708 } 709 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 710 warn("%s", fname); 711 return -1; 712 } 713 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 714 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 715 return -1; 716 } 717 } 718 return 0; 719 } 720 721 722 /* 723 * Get a standard format. 724 */ 725 static int 726 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 727 { 728 u_int x, i; 729 730 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); 731 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 732 if (i == x) { 733 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 734 return -1; 735 } 736 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 737 return 0; 738 } 739 740 /* 741 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 742 */ 743 static int 744 getbpbinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int iflag, 745 struct bpb *bpb, int create) 746 { 747 const char *s1, *s2; 748 int part; 749 750 part = -1; 751 s1 = fname; 752 if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/'))) 753 s1 = s2 + 1; 754 for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++); 755 if (!*s2 || s2 == s1) 756 s2 = NULL; 757 else 758 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2)); 759 s1 = s2; 760 761 if (((part != -1) && ((!iflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) || 762 !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds) { 763 u_int sector_size; 764 u_int nsectors; 765 u_int ntracks; 766 u_int size; 767 { 768 struct stat st; 769 770 if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) { 771 warnx("Can't get disk size for `%s'", fname); 772 return -1; 773 } 774 /* create a fake geometry for a file image */ 775 sector_size = 512; 776 nsectors = 63; 777 ntracks = 255; 778 size = st.st_size / sector_size; 779 } 780 if (!bpb->bps) { 781 if (ckgeom(fname, sector_size, "bytes/sector") == -1) 782 return -1; 783 bpb->bps = sector_size; 784 } 785 786 if (nsectors > 63) { 787 /* 788 * The kernel doesn't accept BPB with spt > 63. 789 * (see sys/fs/msdosfs/msdosfs_vfsops.c:msdosfs_mountfs()) 790 * If values taken from disklabel don't match these 791 * restrictions, use popular BIOS default values instead. 792 */ 793 nsectors = 63; 794 } 795 if (!bpb->spt) { 796 if (ckgeom(fname, nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 797 return -1; 798 bpb->spt = nsectors; 799 } 800 if (!bpb->hds) { 801 if (ckgeom(fname, ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 802 return -1; 803 bpb->hds = ntracks; 804 } 805 if (!bpb->bsec) 806 bpb->bsec = size; 807 } 808 return 0; 809 } 810 811 /* 812 * Print out BPB values. 813 */ 814 static void 815 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 816 { 817 printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, 818 bpb->nft); 819 if (bpb->rde) 820 printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); 821 if (bpb->sec) 822 printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); 823 printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid); 824 if (bpb->spf) 825 printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); 826 printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); 827 if (bpb->bsec) 828 printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); 829 if (!bpb->spf) { 830 printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); 831 printf(" infs="); 832 printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs); 833 printf(" bkbs="); 834 printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); 835 } 836 printf("\n"); 837 } 838 839 /* 840 * Check a disk geometry value. 841 */ 842 static int 843 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 844 { 845 if (!val) { 846 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 847 return -1; 848 } 849 if (val > MAXU16) { 850 warnx("%s: illegal %s", fname, msg); 851 return -1; 852 } 853 return 0; 854 } 855 /* 856 * Check a volume label. 857 */ 858 static int 859 oklabel(const char *src) 860 { 861 int c, i; 862 863 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 864 c = (u_char)*src++; 865 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 866 break; 867 } 868 return i && !c; 869 } 870 871 /* 872 * Make a volume label. 873 */ 874 static void 875 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 876 { 877 int c, i; 878 879 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 880 c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' '; 881 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 882 } 883 } 884 885 /* 886 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 887 */ 888 static void 889 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 890 { 891 while (len--) 892 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 893 } 894 895 static void 896 infohandler(int sig) 897 { 898 got_siginfo = 1; 899 } 900