1 /* $OpenBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.6 2021/10/06 00:40:41 deraadt Exp $ */ 2 /* $NetBSD: mkfs_msdos.c,v 1.10 2016/04/03 11:00:13 mlelstv Exp $ */ 3 4 /* 5 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 6 * All rights reserved. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 15 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 16 * distribution. 17 * 18 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 19 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 20 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 22 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 24 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 25 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 26 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 27 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 28 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 29 */ 30 31 #include <sys/param.h> /* powerof2 */ 32 #include <sys/types.h> 33 #include <sys/stat.h> 34 #include <sys/time.h> 35 36 #include <ctype.h> 37 #include <err.h> 38 #include <errno.h> 39 #include <fcntl.h> 40 #include <paths.h> 41 #include <stdio.h> 42 #include <stdint.h> 43 #include <stdlib.h> 44 #include <limits.h> 45 #include <string.h> 46 #include <time.h> 47 #include <unistd.h> 48 #include <signal.h> 49 50 #include <util.h> 51 #include <disktab.h> 52 53 #include "makefs.h" 54 #include "msdos/mkfs_msdos.h" 55 56 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 57 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 58 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 59 60 #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 61 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 62 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 63 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 64 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 65 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 66 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 67 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 68 #define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 69 #define MINCLS16 0xff5 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 70 #define MINCLS32 0xfff5 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 71 #define MAXCLS12 0xff4 /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 72 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff4 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 73 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 74 75 #define mincls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 76 (fat_type) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 77 MINCLS32) 78 79 #define maxcls(fat_type) ((fat_type) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 80 (fat_type) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 81 MAXCLS32) 82 83 #define mk1(p, x) \ 84 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 85 86 #define mk2(p, x) \ 87 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 88 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 89 90 #define mk4(p, x) \ 91 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 92 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 93 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 94 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 95 96 struct bs { 97 u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 98 u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 99 }; 100 101 struct bsbpb { 102 u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 103 u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 104 u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 105 u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ 106 u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ 107 u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ 108 u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ 109 u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 110 u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ 111 u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ 112 u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 113 u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ 114 }; 115 116 struct bsxbpb { 117 u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 118 u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 119 u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ 120 u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 121 u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ 122 u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 123 u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ 124 }; 125 126 struct bsx { 127 u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ 128 u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ 129 u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ 130 u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ 131 u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ 132 u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ 133 }; 134 135 struct de { 136 u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ 137 u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ 138 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 139 u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ 140 u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ 141 u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ 142 u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ 143 }; 144 145 struct bpb { 146 u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ 147 u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ 148 u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ 149 u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ 150 u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ 151 u_int sec; /* total sectors */ 152 u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ 153 u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ 154 u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ 155 u_int hds; /* drive heads */ 156 u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ 157 u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ 158 u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ 159 u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ 160 u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ 161 u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ 162 }; 163 164 #define INIT(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) \ 165 { .bps = a, .spc = b, .res = c, .nft = d, .rde = e, \ 166 .sec = f, .mid = g, .spf = h, .spt = i, .hds = j, } 167 static struct { 168 const char *name; 169 struct bpb bpb; 170 } stdfmt[] = { 171 {"160", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1)}, 172 {"180", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1)}, 173 {"320", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2)}, 174 {"360", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2)}, 175 {"640", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2)}, 176 {"720", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2)}, 177 {"1200", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2)}, 178 {"1232", INIT(1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2)}, 179 {"1440", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2)}, 180 {"2880", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2)} 181 }; 182 183 static u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 184 0xfa, /* cli */ 185 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 186 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 187 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 188 0xfb, /* sti */ 189 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 190 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 191 0x5e, /* pop si */ 192 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 193 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 194 0xfc, /* cld */ 195 0xac, /* lodsb */ 196 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 197 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 198 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 199 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 200 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 201 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 202 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 203 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 204 0x0d, 0x0a, 205 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 206 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 207 0x0d, 0x0a, 208 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 209 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 210 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 211 0x0d, 0x0a, 212 0 213 }; 214 215 static int got_siginfo = 0; /* received a SIGINFO */ 216 217 static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 218 static int getbpbinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *, int); 219 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 220 static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 221 static int oklabel(const char *); 222 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 223 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 224 static void infohandler(int sig); 225 226 int 227 mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 228 { 229 char buf[PATH_MAX]; 230 struct stat sb; 231 struct timeval tv; 232 struct bpb bpb; 233 struct tm *tm; 234 struct bs *bs; 235 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 236 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 237 struct bsx *bsx; 238 struct de *de; 239 u_int8_t *img; 240 const char *bname; 241 ssize_t n; 242 time_t now; 243 u_int bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 244 int ch, fd, fd1; 245 struct msdos_options o = *op; 246 int oflags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT; 247 248 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 249 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 250 return -1; 251 } 252 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 253 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 254 return -1; 255 } 256 if (o.create_size) { 257 if (o.offset == 0) 258 oflags |= O_TRUNC; 259 fd = open(fname, oflags, 0644); 260 if (fd == -1) { 261 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 262 return -1; 263 } 264 (void)lseek(fd, o.create_size - 1, SEEK_SET); 265 if (write(fd, "\0", 1) != 1) { 266 warn("failed to set file size"); 267 return -1; 268 } 269 (void)lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET); 270 } else if ((fd = open(fname, O_RDWR)) == -1 || 271 fstat(fd, &sb)) { 272 warn("%s", fname); 273 return -1; 274 } 275 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) && !o.create_size) { 276 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 277 return -1; 278 } 279 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 280 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 281 return -1; 282 } 283 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 284 if (o.floppy) { 285 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 286 return -1; 287 bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; 288 bpb.sec = 0; 289 bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; 290 bpb.spf = 0; 291 } 292 if (o.drive_heads) 293 bpb.hds = o.drive_heads; 294 if (o.sectors_per_track) 295 bpb.spt = o.sectors_per_track; 296 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 297 bpb.bps = o.bytes_per_sector; 298 if (o.size) 299 bpb.bsec = o.size; 300 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 301 bpb.hid = o.hidden_sectors; 302 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 303 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 304 if (getbpbinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb, 305 o.create_size != 0) == -1) 306 return -1; 307 bpb.bsec -= (o.offset / bpb.bps); 308 if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */ 309 /* minimum cluster size */ 310 switch (o.fat_type) { 311 case 12: 312 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 313 x = 2; /* up to 2MB */ 314 break; 315 case 16: 316 bpb.spc = 1; /* use 512 bytes */ 317 x = 32; /* up to 32MB */ 318 break; 319 default: 320 bpb.spc = 8; /* use 4k */ 321 x = 8192; /* up to 8GB */ 322 break; 323 } 324 x1 = howmany(bpb.bsec, (1048576 / 512)); /* -> MB */ 325 while (bpb.spc < 128 && x < x1) { 326 x *= 2; 327 bpb.spc *= 2; 328 } 329 } 330 } 331 332 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 333 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 334 return -1; 335 } 336 337 switch (o.fat_type) { 338 case 0: 339 if (o.floppy) 340 o.fat_type = 12; 341 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 342 o.fat_type = 32; 343 break; 344 case 12: 345 case 16: 346 if (o.info_sector) { 347 warnx("Cannot specify info sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 348 return -1; 349 } 350 if (o.backup_sector) { 351 warnx("Cannot specify backup sector with FAT%u", o.fat_type); 352 return -1; 353 } 354 break; 355 case 32: 356 if (o.directory_entries) { 357 warnx("Cannot specify directory entries with FAT32"); 358 return -1; 359 } 360 break; 361 default: 362 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", o.fat_type); 363 return -1; 364 } 365 if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) { 366 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); 367 return -1; 368 } 369 if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) { 370 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 371 bpb.bps, MINBPS); 372 return -1; 373 } 374 375 if (o.floppy && o.fat_type == 32) 376 bpb.rde = 0; 377 if (o.block_size) { 378 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 379 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 380 return -1; 381 } 382 if (o.block_size < bpb.bps) { 383 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 384 o.block_size, bpb.bps); 385 return -1; 386 } 387 if (o.block_size > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) { 388 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 389 o.block_size, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); 390 return -1; 391 } 392 bpb.spc = o.block_size / bpb.bps; 393 } 394 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 395 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 396 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 397 o.sectors_per_cluster); 398 return -1; 399 } 400 bpb.spc = o.sectors_per_cluster; 401 } 402 if (o.reserved_sectors) 403 bpb.res = o.reserved_sectors; 404 if (o.num_FAT) { 405 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 406 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 407 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 408 return -1; 409 } 410 bpb.nft = o.num_FAT; 411 } 412 if (o.directory_entries) 413 bpb.rde = o.directory_entries; 414 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 415 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 416 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 417 return -1; 418 } 419 bpb.mid = o.media_descriptor; 420 } 421 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 422 bpb.bspf = o.sectors_per_fat; 423 if (o.info_sector) 424 bpb.infs = o.info_sector; 425 if (o.backup_sector) 426 bpb.bkbs = o.backup_sector; 427 bss = 1; 428 bname = NULL; 429 fd1 = -1; 430 if (o.bootstrap) { 431 bname = o.bootstrap; 432 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 433 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 434 if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) { 435 warn(NULL); 436 return -1; 437 } 438 } 439 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 440 warn("%s", bname); 441 return -1; 442 } 443 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || 444 sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) { 445 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 446 return -1; 447 } 448 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; 449 } 450 if (!bpb.nft) 451 bpb.nft = 2; 452 if (!o.fat_type) { 453 if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 454 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 455 ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * 456 bpb.nft + 457 howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, 458 bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 459 (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 460 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) 461 o.fat_type = 12; 462 else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < 463 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + 464 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + 465 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + 466 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 467 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) 468 o.fat_type = 16; 469 else 470 o.fat_type = 32; 471 } 472 x = bss; 473 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 474 if (!bpb.infs) { 475 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) { 476 warnx("no room for info sector"); 477 return -1; 478 } 479 bpb.infs = x; 480 } 481 if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) 482 x = bpb.infs + 1; 483 if (!bpb.bkbs) { 484 if (x == MAXU16) { 485 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 486 return -1; 487 } 488 bpb.bkbs = x; 489 } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) { 490 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 491 return -1; 492 } 493 if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) 494 x = bpb.bkbs + 1; 495 } 496 if (!bpb.res) 497 bpb.res = o.fat_type == 32 ? MAXIMUM(x, MAXIMUM(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x; 498 else if (bpb.res < x) { 499 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, bpb.res); 500 return -1; 501 } 502 if (o.fat_type != 32 && !bpb.rde) 503 bpb.rde = DEFRDE; 504 rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); 505 if (!bpb.spc) 506 for (bpb.spc = howmany(o.fat_type == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); 507 bpb.spc < MAXSPC && 508 bpb.res + 509 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(o.fat_type)) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 510 bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + 511 rds + 512 (u_int64_t)(maxcls(o.fat_type) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; 513 bpb.spc <<= 1); 514 if (o.fat_type != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) { 515 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 516 return -1; 517 } 518 x1 = bpb.res + rds; 519 x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; 520 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) { 521 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 522 return -1; 523 } 524 x1 += x * bpb.nft; 525 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / 526 (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + o.fat_type / BPN * bpb.nft); 527 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MINIMUM(x, maxcls(o.fat_type))) * (o.fat_type / BPN), 528 bpb.bps * NPB); 529 if (!bpb.bspf) { 530 bpb.bspf = x2; 531 x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; 532 } 533 cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; 534 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (o.fat_type / BPN) - RESFTE; 535 if (cls > x) 536 cls = x; 537 if (bpb.bspf < x2) { 538 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 539 cls); 540 return -1; 541 } 542 if (cls < mincls(o.fat_type)) { 543 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, 544 o.fat_type, mincls(o.fat_type)); 545 return -1; 546 } 547 if (cls > maxcls(o.fat_type)) { 548 cls = maxcls(o.fat_type); 549 bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; 550 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 551 bpb.bsec); 552 return -1; 553 } 554 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 555 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc, 556 cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, o.fat_type, 557 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); 558 if (!bpb.mid) 559 bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 560 if (o.fat_type == 32) 561 bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; 562 if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { 563 bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; 564 bpb.bsec = 0; 565 } 566 if (o.fat_type != 32) { 567 bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; 568 bpb.bspf = 0; 569 } 570 ch = 0; 571 if (o.fat_type == 12) 572 ch = 1; /* 001 Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT */ 573 else if (o.fat_type == 16) { 574 if (bpb.bsec == 0) 575 ch = 4; /* 004 Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT <32M */ 576 else 577 ch = 6; /* 006 Primary 'big' DOS, 16-bit FAT (> 32MB) */ 578 /* 579 * XXX: what about: 580 * 014 DOS (16-bit FAT) - LBA 581 * ? 582 */ 583 } else if (o.fat_type == 32) { 584 ch = 11; /* 011 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT */ 585 /* 586 * XXX: what about: 587 * 012 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT - LBA 588 * ? 589 */ 590 } 591 if (ch != 0) 592 printf("MBR type: %d\n", ch); 593 print_bpb(&bpb); 594 595 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 596 now = tv.tv_sec; 597 tm = localtime(&now); 598 img = emalloc(bpb.bps); 599 dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; 600 signal(SIGINFO, infohandler); 601 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { 602 if (got_siginfo) { 603 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 604 fname,lsn,(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)), 605 (lsn*100)/(dir + (o.fat_type == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds))); 606 got_siginfo = 0; 607 } 608 x = lsn; 609 if (o.bootstrap && 610 o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 611 bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { 612 x -= bpb.bkbs; 613 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 614 warn("%s", bname); 615 return -1; 616 } 617 } 618 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 619 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 620 warn("%s", bname); 621 return -1; 622 } 623 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 624 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 625 return -1; 626 } 627 } else 628 memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); 629 if (!lsn || 630 (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { 631 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 632 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 633 mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); 634 mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); 635 mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); 636 mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); 637 mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); 638 mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); 639 mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); 640 mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); 641 mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); 642 mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); 643 mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); 644 mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); 645 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 646 if (o.fat_type == 32) { 647 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 648 mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); 649 mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); 650 mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); 651 mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); 652 mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); 653 mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); 654 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 655 } 656 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 657 mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); 658 if (o.volume_id_set) 659 x = o.volume_id; 660 else 661 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 662 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 663 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 664 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 665 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 666 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 667 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 668 mk4(bsx->volid, x); 669 mklabel(bsx->label, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 670 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", o.fat_type); 671 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); 672 if (!o.bootstrap) { 673 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 674 bs = (struct bs *)img; 675 mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); 676 mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); 677 mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); 678 setstr(bs->oem, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "NetBSD", 679 sizeof(bs->oem)); 680 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 681 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 682 } 683 } else if (o.fat_type == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && 684 (lsn == bpb.infs || 685 (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && 686 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { 687 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 688 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 689 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 690 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff); 691 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 692 } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && 693 !((lsn - bpb.res) % 694 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { 695 mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); 696 for (x = 1; x < o.fat_type * (o.fat_type == 32 ? 3U : 2U) / 8U; x++) 697 mk1(img[x], o.fat_type == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 698 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 699 de = (struct de *)img; 700 mklabel(de->namext, o.volume_label); 701 mk1(de->attr, 050); 702 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 703 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 704 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 705 mk2(de->time, x); 706 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 707 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 708 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 709 mk2(de->date, x); 710 } 711 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) { 712 warn("%s", fname); 713 return -1; 714 } 715 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps) { 716 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 717 return -1; 718 } 719 } 720 return 0; 721 } 722 723 724 /* 725 * Get a standard format. 726 */ 727 static int 728 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 729 { 730 u_int x, i; 731 732 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); 733 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 734 if (i == x) { 735 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 736 return -1; 737 } 738 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 739 return 0; 740 } 741 742 /* 743 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 744 */ 745 static int 746 getbpbinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int iflag, 747 struct bpb *bpb, int create) 748 { 749 const char *s1, *s2; 750 int part; 751 752 part = -1; 753 s1 = fname; 754 if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/'))) 755 s1 = s2 + 1; 756 for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++); 757 if (!*s2 || s2 == s1) 758 s2 = NULL; 759 else 760 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2)); 761 s1 = s2; 762 763 if (((part != -1) && ((!iflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) || 764 !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds) { 765 u_int sector_size; 766 u_int nsectors; 767 u_int ntracks; 768 u_int size; 769 { 770 struct stat st; 771 772 if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) { 773 warnx("Can't get disk size for `%s'", fname); 774 return -1; 775 } 776 /* create a fake geometry for a file image */ 777 sector_size = 512; 778 nsectors = 63; 779 ntracks = 255; 780 size = st.st_size / sector_size; 781 } 782 if (!bpb->bps) { 783 if (ckgeom(fname, sector_size, "bytes/sector") == -1) 784 return -1; 785 bpb->bps = sector_size; 786 } 787 788 if (nsectors > 63) { 789 /* 790 * The kernel doesn't accept BPB with spt > 63. 791 * (see sys/fs/msdosfs/msdosfs_vfsops.c:msdosfs_mountfs()) 792 * If values taken from disklabel don't match these 793 * restrictions, use popular BIOS default values instead. 794 */ 795 nsectors = 63; 796 } 797 if (!bpb->spt) { 798 if (ckgeom(fname, nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 799 return -1; 800 bpb->spt = nsectors; 801 } 802 if (!bpb->hds) { 803 if (ckgeom(fname, ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 804 return -1; 805 bpb->hds = ntracks; 806 } 807 if (!bpb->bsec) 808 bpb->bsec = size; 809 } 810 return 0; 811 } 812 813 /* 814 * Print out BPB values. 815 */ 816 static void 817 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 818 { 819 printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, 820 bpb->nft); 821 if (bpb->rde) 822 printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); 823 if (bpb->sec) 824 printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); 825 printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid); 826 if (bpb->spf) 827 printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); 828 printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); 829 if (bpb->bsec) 830 printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); 831 if (!bpb->spf) { 832 printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); 833 printf(" infs="); 834 printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs); 835 printf(" bkbs="); 836 printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); 837 } 838 printf("\n"); 839 } 840 841 /* 842 * Check a disk geometry value. 843 */ 844 static int 845 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 846 { 847 if (!val) { 848 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 849 return -1; 850 } 851 if (val > MAXU16) { 852 warnx("%s: illegal %s", fname, msg); 853 return -1; 854 } 855 return 0; 856 } 857 /* 858 * Check a volume label. 859 */ 860 static int 861 oklabel(const char *src) 862 { 863 int c, i; 864 865 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 866 c = (u_char)*src++; 867 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 868 break; 869 } 870 return i && !c; 871 } 872 873 /* 874 * Make a volume label. 875 */ 876 static void 877 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 878 { 879 int c, i; 880 881 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 882 c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' '; 883 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 884 } 885 } 886 887 /* 888 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 889 */ 890 static void 891 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 892 { 893 while (len--) 894 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 895 } 896 897 static void 898 infohandler(int sig) 899 { 900 got_siginfo = 1; 901 } 902