xref: /openbsd-src/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c (revision 50b7afb2c2c0993b0894d4e34bf857cb13ed9c80)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: iostat.c,v 1.34 2014/02/13 21:01:23 tedu Exp $	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: iostat.c,v 1.10 1996/10/25 18:21:58 scottr Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (c) 1996 John M. Vinopal
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
19  *      by John M. Vinopal.
20  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
21  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
25  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
26  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
27  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
28  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
29  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
30  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
31  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 /*-
37  * Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
38  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
39  *
40  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
41  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
42  * are met:
43  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
44  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
45  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
46  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
47  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
48  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
49  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
50  *    without specific prior written permission.
51  *
52  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
53  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
54  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
55  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
56  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
57  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
58  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
59  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
60  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
61  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
62  * SUCH DAMAGE.
63  */
64 
65 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
66 #include <sys/limits.h>
67 #include <sys/time.h>
68 
69 #include <err.h>
70 #include <ctype.h>
71 #include <signal.h>
72 #include <stdio.h>
73 #include <stdlib.h>
74 #include <string.h>
75 #include <unistd.h>
76 #include <kvm.h>
77 
78 #include "dkstats.h"
79 
80 /* Defined in dkstats.c */
81 extern struct _disk cur, last;
82 extern int	dk_ndrive;
83 
84 /* Namelist and memory files. */
85 kvm_t *kd;
86 char	*nlistf, *memf;
87 
88 int		hz, reps, interval;
89 static int	todo = 0;
90 
91 volatile sig_atomic_t wantheader;
92 
93 #define ISSET(x, a)	((x) & (a))
94 #define SHOW_CPU	0x0001
95 #define SHOW_TTY	0x0002
96 #define SHOW_STATS_1	0x0004
97 #define SHOW_STATS_2	0x0008
98 #define SHOW_TOTALS	0x0080
99 
100 static void cpustats(void);
101 static void disk_stats(double);
102 static void disk_stats2(double);
103 static void sigheader(int);
104 static void header(void);
105 static void usage(void);
106 static void display(void);
107 static void selectdrives(char **);
108 
109 void dkswap(void);
110 void dkreadstats(void);
111 int dkinit(int);
112 
113 int
114 main(int argc, char *argv[])
115 {
116 	const char *errstr;
117 	int ch, hdrcnt;
118 	struct timeval	tv;
119 
120 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cc:dDIM:N:Tw:")) != -1)
121 		switch(ch) {
122 		case 'c':
123 			reps = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
124 			if (errstr)
125 				errx(1, "repetition count is %s", errstr);
126 			break;
127 		case 'C':
128 			todo |= SHOW_CPU;
129 			break;
130 		case 'd':
131 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_1;
132 			break;
133 		case 'D':
134 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_2;
135 			break;
136 		case 'I':
137 			todo |= SHOW_TOTALS;
138 			break;
139 		case 'M':
140 			memf = optarg;
141 			break;
142 		case 'N':
143 			nlistf = optarg;
144 			break;
145 		case 'T':
146 			todo |= SHOW_TTY;
147 			break;
148 		case 'w':
149 			interval = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
150 			if (errstr)
151 				errx(1, "interval is %s", errstr);
152 			break;
153 		case '?':
154 		default:
155 			usage();
156 		}
157 	argc -= optind;
158 	argv += optind;
159 
160 	if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_1 | SHOW_STATS_2))
161 		todo |= SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_1;
162 
163 	dkinit(0);
164 	dkreadstats();
165 	selectdrives(argv);
166 
167 	tv.tv_sec = interval;
168 	tv.tv_usec = 0;
169 
170 	/* print a new header on sigcont */
171 	signal(SIGCONT, sigheader);
172 
173 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
174 		if (!--hdrcnt || wantheader) {
175 			header();
176 			hdrcnt = 20;
177 			wantheader = 0;
178 		}
179 
180 		if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
181 			dkswap();
182 		display();
183 
184 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
185 			break;
186 		select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
187 		dkreadstats();
188 		if (last.dk_ndrive != cur.dk_ndrive)
189 			wantheader = 1;
190 	}
191 	exit(0);
192 }
193 
194 /*ARGSUSED*/
195 static void
196 sigheader(int signo)
197 {
198 	wantheader = 1;
199 }
200 
201 static void
202 header(void)
203 {
204 	int i;
205 	static int printedheader = 0;
206 
207 	if (printedheader && !isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
208 		return;
209 
210 	/* Main Headers. */
211 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
212 		if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
213 			printf("            tty");
214 		else
215 			printf("      tty");
216 
217 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1))
218 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
219 			if (cur.dk_select[i])
220 				if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
221 					printf(" %18.18s ", cur.dk_name[i]);
222 				else
223 					printf(" %16.16s ", cur.dk_name[i]);
224 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2))
225 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
226 			if (cur.dk_select[i])
227 				printf(" %16.16s ", cur.dk_name[i]);
228 
229 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
230 		printf("            cpu");
231 	printf("\n");
232 
233 	/* Sub-Headers. */
234 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
235 		if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
236 			printf("   tin     tout");
237 		else
238 			printf(" tin tout");
239 
240 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1))
241 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
242 			if (cur.dk_select[i]) {
243 				if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
244 					printf("  KB/t   xfr     MB ");
245 				else
246 					printf("  KB/t  t/s  MB/s ");
247 			}
248 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2))
249 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
250 			if (cur.dk_select[i])
251 				printf("     KB  xfr time ");
252 
253 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
254 		printf(" us ni sy in id");
255 	printf("\n");
256 }
257 
258 static void
259 disk_stats(double etime)
260 {
261 	int dn;
262 	double atime, mbps;
263 
264 	for (dn = 0; dn < dk_ndrive; ++dn) {
265 		if (!cur.dk_select[dn])
266 			continue;
267 
268 		/* average Kbytes per transfer. */
269 		if (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn])
270 			mbps = ((cur.dk_rbytes[dn] + cur.dk_wbytes[dn]) /
271 			    (1024.0)) / (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn]);
272 		else
273 			mbps = 0.0;
274 
275 		printf(" %5.2f", mbps);
276 
277 		/* average transfers per second. */
278 		if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
279 			printf(" %5.0f", (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn]) / etime);
280 		else
281 			printf(" %4.0f", (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn]) / etime);
282 
283 		/* time busy in disk activity */
284 		atime = (double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_sec +
285 			((double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
286 
287 		/* Megabytes per second. */
288 		if (atime != 0.0)
289 			mbps = (cur.dk_rbytes[dn] + cur.dk_wbytes[dn]) /
290 			    (double)(1024 * 1024);
291 		else
292 			mbps = 0;
293 		if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
294 			printf(" %6.2f ", mbps / etime);
295 		else
296 			printf(" %5.2f ", mbps / etime);
297 	}
298 }
299 
300 static void
301 disk_stats2(double etime)
302 {
303 	int dn;
304 	double atime;
305 
306 	for (dn = 0; dn < dk_ndrive; ++dn) {
307 		if (!cur.dk_select[dn])
308 			continue;
309 
310 		/* average kbytes per second. */
311 		printf(" %6.0f",
312 		    (cur.dk_rbytes[dn] + cur.dk_wbytes[dn]) / (1024.0) / etime);
313 
314 		/* average transfers per second. */
315 		printf(" %4.0f", (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn]) / etime);
316 
317 		/* average time busy in disk activity. */
318 		atime = (double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_sec +
319 		    ((double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
320 		printf(" %4.2f ", atime / etime);
321 	}
322 }
323 
324 static void
325 cpustats(void)
326 {
327 	int state;
328 	double t = 0;
329 
330 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
331 		t += cur.cp_time[state];
332 	if (!t)
333 		t = 1.0;
334 	/* States are generally never 100% and can use %3.0f. */
335 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
336 		printf("%3.0f", 100. * cur.cp_time[state] / t);
337 }
338 
339 static void
340 usage(void)
341 {
342 	fprintf(stderr,
343 "usage: iostat [-CDdIT] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
344 	exit(1);
345 }
346 
347 static void
348 display(void)
349 {
350 	int	i;
351 	double	etime;
352 
353 	/* Sum up the elapsed ticks. */
354 	etime = 0.0;
355 	for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++)
356 		etime += cur.cp_time[i];
357 	if (etime == 0.0)
358 		etime = 1.0;
359 	/* Convert to seconds. */
360 	etime /= (float)hz;
361 
362 	/* If we're showing totals only, then don't divide by the
363 	 * system time.
364 	 */
365 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
366 		etime = 1.0;
367 
368 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
369 		if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
370 			printf("%6.0f %8.0f", cur.tk_nin / etime,
371 			    cur.tk_nout / etime);
372 		else
373 			printf("%4.0f %4.0f", cur.tk_nin / etime,
374 			    cur.tk_nout / etime);
375 
376 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1))
377 		disk_stats(etime);
378 
379 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2))
380 		disk_stats2(etime);
381 
382 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
383 		cpustats();
384 
385 	printf("\n");
386 	fflush(stdout);
387 }
388 
389 static void
390 selectdrives(char *argv[])
391 {
392 	const char *errstr;
393 	int	i, ndrives;
394 
395 	/*
396 	 * Choose drives to be displayed.  Priority goes to (in order) drives
397 	 * supplied as arguments and default drives.  If everything isn't
398 	 * filled in and there are drives not taken care of, display the first
399 	 * few that fit.
400 	 *
401 	 * The backward compatibility #ifdefs permit the syntax:
402 	 *	iostat [ drives ] [ interval [ count ] ]
403 	 */
404 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
405 	for (ndrives = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
406 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
407 		if (isdigit((unsigned char)**argv))
408 			break;
409 #endif
410 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
411 			if (strcmp(cur.dk_name[i], *argv))
412 				continue;
413 			cur.dk_select[i] = 1;
414 			++ndrives;
415 		}
416 	}
417 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
418 	if (*argv) {
419 		interval = strtonum(*argv, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
420 		if (errstr)
421 			errx(1, "interval is %s", errstr);
422 		if (*++argv) {
423 			reps = strtonum(*argv, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
424 			if (errstr)
425 				errx(1, "repetition count is %s", errstr);
426 		}
427 	}
428 #endif
429 
430 	if (interval) {
431 		if (!reps)
432 			reps = -1;
433 	} else
434 		if (reps)
435 			interval = 1;
436 
437 	/* Pick up to 4 drives if none specified. */
438 	if (ndrives == 0)
439 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive && ndrives < 4; i++) {
440 			if (cur.dk_select[i])
441 				continue;
442 			cur.dk_select[i] = 1;
443 			++ndrives;
444 		}
445 }
446