usr.sbin/cron/misc.c

/*	$OpenBSD: misc.c,v 1.39 2008/01/05 16:59:06 chl Exp $	*/

/* Copyright 1988,1990,1993,1994 by Paul Vixie
 * All rights reserved
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2004 by Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
 * Copyright (c) 1997,2000 by Internet Software Consortium, Inc.
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
 * OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#if !defined(lint) && !defined(LINT)
static char const rcsid[] = "$OpenBSD: misc.c,v 1.39 2008/01/05 16:59:06 chl Exp $";
#endif

/* vix 26jan87 [RCS has the rest of the log]
 * vix 30dec86 [written]
 */

#include "cron.h"
#include <limits.h>

#if defined(SYSLOG) && defined(LOG_FILE)
# undef LOG_FILE
#endif

#if defined(LOG_DAEMON) && !defined(LOG_CRON)
# define LOG_CRON LOG_DAEMON
#endif

#ifndef FACILITY
#define FACILITY LOG_CRON
#endif

static int LogFD = ERR;

#if defined(SYSLOG)
static int syslog_open = FALSE;
#endif

int
strcmp_until(const char *left, const char *right, char until) {
	while (*left && *left != until && *left == *right) {
		left++;
		right++;
	}

	if ((*left=='\0' || *left == until) &&
	    (*right=='\0' || *right == until)) {
		return (0);
	}
	return (*left - *right);
}

int
set_debug_flags(const char *flags) {
	/* debug flags are of the form    flag[,flag ...]
	 *
	 * if an error occurs, print a message to stdout and return FALSE.
	 * otherwise return TRUE after setting ERROR_FLAGS.
	 */

#if !DEBUGGING

	printf("this program was compiled without debugging enabled\n");
	return (FALSE);

#else /* DEBUGGING */

	const char *pc = flags;

	DebugFlags = 0;

	while (*pc) {
		const char	**test;
		int		mask;

		/* try to find debug flag name in our list.
		 */
		for (test = DebugFlagNames, mask = 1;
		     *test != NULL && strcmp_until(*test, pc, ',');
		     test++, mask <<= 1)
			continue;

		if (!*test) {
			fprintf(stderr,
				"unrecognized debug flag <%s> <%s>\n",
				flags, pc);
			return (FALSE);
		}

		DebugFlags |= mask;

		/* skip to the next flag
		 */
		while (*pc && *pc != ',')
			pc++;
		if (*pc == ',')
			pc++;
	}

	if (DebugFlags) {
		int flag;

		fprintf(stderr, "debug flags enabled:");

		for (flag = 0;  DebugFlagNames[flag];  flag++)
			if (DebugFlags & (1 << flag))
				fprintf(stderr, " %s", DebugFlagNames[flag]);
		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
	}

	return (TRUE);

#endif /* DEBUGGING */
}

void
set_cron_uid(void) {
#if defined(BSD) || defined(POSIX)
	if (seteuid(ROOT_UID) < OK) {
		perror("seteuid");
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
#else
	if (setuid(ROOT_UID) < OK) {
		perror("setuid");
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
#endif
}

void
set_cron_cwd(void) {
	struct stat sb;
	struct group *grp = NULL;

#ifdef CRON_GROUP
	grp = getgrnam(CRON_GROUP);
#endif
	/* first check for CRONDIR ("/var/cron" or some such)
	 */
	if (stat(CRONDIR, &sb) < OK && errno == ENOENT) {
		perror(CRONDIR);
		if (OK == mkdir(CRONDIR, 0710)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: created\n", CRONDIR);
			stat(CRONDIR, &sb);
		} else {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", CRONDIR);
			perror("mkdir");
			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
		}
	}
	if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "'%s' is not a directory, bailing out.\n",
			CRONDIR);
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	if (chdir(CRONDIR) < OK) {
		fprintf(stderr, "cannot chdir(%s), bailing out.\n", CRONDIR);
		perror(CRONDIR);
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}

	/* CRONDIR okay (now==CWD), now look at SPOOL_DIR ("tabs" or some such)
	 */
	if (stat(SPOOL_DIR, &sb) < OK && errno == ENOENT) {
		perror(SPOOL_DIR);
		if (OK == mkdir(SPOOL_DIR, 0700)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: created\n", SPOOL_DIR);
			stat(SPOOL_DIR, &sb);
		} else {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", SPOOL_DIR);
			perror("mkdir");
			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
		}
	}
	if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "'%s' is not a directory, bailing out.\n",
			SPOOL_DIR);
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	if (grp != NULL) {
		if (sb.st_gid != grp->gr_gid)
			chown(SPOOL_DIR, -1, grp->gr_gid);
		if (sb.st_mode != 01730)
			chmod(SPOOL_DIR, 01730);
	}

	/* finally, look at AT_DIR ("atjobs" or some such)
	 */
	if (stat(AT_DIR, &sb) < OK && errno == ENOENT) {
		perror(AT_DIR);
		if (OK == mkdir(AT_DIR, 0700)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: created\n", AT_DIR);
			stat(AT_DIR, &sb);
		} else {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", AT_DIR);
			perror("mkdir");
			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
		}
	}
	if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "'%s' is not a directory, bailing out.\n",
			AT_DIR);
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	if (grp != NULL) {
		if (sb.st_gid != grp->gr_gid)
			chown(AT_DIR, -1, grp->gr_gid);
		if (sb.st_mode != 01770)
			chmod(AT_DIR, 01770);
	}
}

/* acquire_daemonlock() - write our PID into /etc/cron.pid, unless
 *	another daemon is already running, which we detect here.
 *
 * note: main() calls us twice; once before forking, once after.
 *	we maintain static storage of the file pointer so that we
 *	can rewrite our PID into _PATH_CRON_PID after the fork.
 */
void
acquire_daemonlock(int closeflag) {
	static int fd = -1;
	char buf[3*MAX_FNAME];
	const char *pidfile;
	char *ep;
	long otherpid;
	ssize_t num;

	if (closeflag) {
		/* close stashed fd for child so we don't leak it. */
		if (fd != -1) {
			close(fd);
			fd = -1;
		}
		return;
	}

	if (fd == -1) {
		pidfile = _PATH_CRON_PID;
		if ((fd = open(pidfile, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXLOCK|O_NONBLOCK,
		    0644)) == -1) {
			int save_errno = errno;

			if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK)  {
				snprintf(buf, sizeof buf,
				    "can't open or create %s: %s", pidfile,
				    strerror(save_errno));
				fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", ProgramName, buf);
				log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH", buf);
				exit(ERROR_EXIT);
			}

			/* couldn't lock the pid file, try to read existing. */
			bzero(buf, sizeof(buf));
			if ((fd = open(pidfile, O_RDONLY, 0)) >= 0 &&
			    (num = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1)) > 0 &&
			    (otherpid = strtol(buf, &ep, 10)) > 0 &&
			    ep != buf && *ep == '\n' && otherpid != LONG_MAX) {
				snprintf(buf, sizeof buf,
				    "can't lock %s, otherpid may be %ld: %s",
				    pidfile, otherpid, strerror(save_errno));
			} else {
				snprintf(buf, sizeof buf,
				    "can't lock %s, otherpid unknown: %s",
				    pidfile, strerror(save_errno));
			}
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", ProgramName, buf);
			log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH", buf);
			exit(ERROR_EXIT);
		}
		/* fd must be > STDERR since we dup fd 0-2 to /dev/null */
		if (fd <= STDERR) {
			if (dup2(fd, STDERR + 1) < 0) {
				snprintf(buf, sizeof buf,
				    "can't dup pid fd: %s", strerror(errno));
				fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", ProgramName, buf);
				log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH", buf);
				exit(ERROR_EXIT);
			}
			close(fd);
			fd = STDERR + 1;
		}
		(void) fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, 1);
	}

	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld\n", (long)getpid());
	(void) lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
	num = write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
	(void) ftruncate(fd, (off_t)num);

	/* abandon fd even though the file is open. we need to keep
	 * it open and locked, but we don't need the handles elsewhere.
	 */
}

/* get_char(file) : like getc() but increment LineNumber on newlines
 */
int
get_char(FILE *file) {
	int ch;

	ch = getc(file);
	if (ch == '\n')
		Set_LineNum(LineNumber + 1)
	return (ch);
}

/* unget_char(ch, file) : like ungetc but do LineNumber processing
 */
void
unget_char(int ch, FILE *file) {
	ungetc(ch, file);
	if (ch == '\n')
		Set_LineNum(LineNumber - 1)
}

/* get_string(str, max, file, termstr) : like fgets() but
 *		(1) has terminator string which should include \n
 *		(2) will always leave room for the null
 *		(3) uses get_char() so LineNumber will be accurate
 *		(4) returns EOF or terminating character, whichever
 */
int
get_string(char *string, int size, FILE *file, char *terms) {
	int ch;

	while (EOF != (ch = get_char(file)) && !strchr(terms, ch)) {
		if (size > 1) {
			*string++ = (char) ch;
			size--;
		}
	}

	if (size > 0)
		*string = '\0';

	return (ch);
}

/* skip_comments(file) : read past comment (if any)
 */
void
skip_comments(FILE *file) {
	int ch;

	while (EOF != (ch = get_char(file))) {
		/* ch is now the first character of a line.
		 */

		while (ch == ' ' || ch == '\t')
			ch = get_char(file);

		if (ch == EOF)
			break;

		/* ch is now the first non-blank character of a line.
		 */

		if (ch != '\n' && ch != '#')
			break;

		/* ch must be a newline or comment as first non-blank
		 * character on a line.
		 */

		while (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF)
			ch = get_char(file);

		/* ch is now the newline of a line which we're going to
		 * ignore.
		 */
	}
	if (ch != EOF)
		unget_char(ch, file);
}

/* int in_file(const char *string, FILE *file, int error)
 *	return TRUE if one of the lines in file matches string exactly,
 *	FALSE if no lines match, and error on error.
 */
static int
in_file(const char *string, FILE *file, int error)
{
	char line[MAX_TEMPSTR];
	char *endp;

	if (fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_SET))
		return (error);
	while (fgets(line, MAX_TEMPSTR, file)) {
		if (line[0] != '\0') {
			endp = &line[strlen(line) - 1];
			if (*endp != '\n')
				return (error);
			*endp = '\0';
			if (0 == strcmp(line, string))
				return (TRUE);
		}
	}
	if (ferror(file))
		return (error);
	return (FALSE);
}

/* int allowed(const char *username, const char *allow_file, const char *deny_file)
 *	returns TRUE if (allow_file exists and user is listed)
 *	or (deny_file exists and user is NOT listed).
 *	root is always allowed.
 */
int
allowed(const char *username, const char *allow_file, const char *deny_file) {
	FILE	*fp;
	int	isallowed;

	if (strcmp(username, ROOT_USER) == 0)
		return (TRUE);
	isallowed = FALSE;
	if ((fp = fopen(allow_file, "r")) != NULL) {
		isallowed = in_file(username, fp, FALSE);
		fclose(fp);
	} else if ((fp = fopen(deny_file, "r")) != NULL) {
		isallowed = !in_file(username, fp, FALSE);
		fclose(fp);
	}
	return (isallowed);
}

void
log_it(const char *username, PID_T xpid, const char *event, const char *detail) {
#if defined(LOG_FILE) || DEBUGGING
	PID_T pid = xpid;
#endif
#if defined(LOG_FILE)
	char *msg;
	size_t msglen;
	TIME_T now = time((TIME_T) 0);
	struct tm *t = localtime(&now);
#endif /*LOG_FILE*/

#if defined(LOG_FILE)
	/* we assume that MAX_TEMPSTR will hold the date, time, &punctuation.
	 */
	msglen = strlen(username) + strlen(event) + strlen(detail) +
	    MAX_TEMPSTR;
	if ((msg = malloc(msglen)) == NULL)
		return;

	if (LogFD < OK) {
		LogFD = open(LOG_FILE, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND|O_CREAT, 0600);
		if (LogFD < OK) {
			fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open log file\n",
				ProgramName);
			perror(LOG_FILE);
		} else {
			(void) fcntl(LogFD, F_SETFD, 1);
		}
	}

	/* we have to snprintf() it because fprintf() doesn't always write
	 * everything out in one chunk and this has to be atomically appended
	 * to the log file.
	 */
	snprintf(msg, msglen, "%s (%02d/%02d-%02d:%02d:%02d-%ld) %s (%s)\n",
		username,
		t->tm_mon+1, t->tm_mday, t->tm_hour, t->tm_min, t->tm_sec,
		(long)pid, event, detail);

	if (LogFD < OK || write(LogFD, msg, strlen(msg)) < OK) {
		if (LogFD >= OK)
			perror(LOG_FILE);
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't write to log file\n", ProgramName);
		write(STDERR, msg, strlen(msg));
	}

	free(msg);
#endif /*LOG_FILE*/

#if defined(SYSLOG)
	if (!syslog_open) {
# ifdef LOG_DAEMON
		openlog(ProgramName, LOG_PID, FACILITY);
# else
		openlog(ProgramName, LOG_PID);
# endif
		syslog_open = TRUE;		/* assume openlog success */
	}

	syslog(LOG_INFO, "(%s) %s (%s)", username, event, detail);

#endif /*SYSLOG*/

#if DEBUGGING
	if (DebugFlags) {
		fprintf(stderr, "log_it: (%s %ld) %s (%s)\n",
			username, (long)pid, event, detail);
	}
#endif
}

void
log_close(void) {
	if (LogFD != ERR) {
		close(LogFD);
		LogFD = ERR;
	}
#if defined(SYSLOG)
	closelog();
	syslog_open = FALSE;
#endif /*SYSLOG*/
}

/* char *first_word(char *s, char *t)
 *	return pointer to first word
 * parameters:
 *	s - string we want the first word of
 *	t - terminators, implicitly including \0
 * warnings:
 *	(1) this routine is fairly slow
 *	(2) it returns a pointer to static storage
 */
char *
first_word(char *s, char *t) {
	static char retbuf[2][MAX_TEMPSTR + 1];	/* sure wish C had GC */
	static int retsel = 0;
	char *rb, *rp;

	/* select a return buffer */
	retsel = 1-retsel;
	rb = &retbuf[retsel][0];
	rp = rb;

	/* skip any leading terminators */
	while (*s && (NULL != strchr(t, *s))) {
		s++;
	}

	/* copy until next terminator or full buffer */
	while (*s && (NULL == strchr(t, *s)) && (rp < &rb[MAX_TEMPSTR])) {
		*rp++ = *s++;
	}

	/* finish the return-string and return it */
	*rp = '\0';
	return (rb);
}

/* warning:
 *	heavily ascii-dependent.
 */
void
mkprint(dst, src, len)
	char *dst;
	unsigned char *src;
	int len;
{
	/*
	 * XXX
	 * We know this routine can't overflow the dst buffer because mkprints()
	 * allocated enough space for the worst case.
	 */
	while (len-- > 0)
	{
		unsigned char ch = *src++;

		if (ch < ' ') {			/* control character */
			*dst++ = '^';
			*dst++ = ch + '@';
		} else if (ch < 0177) {		/* printable */
			*dst++ = ch;
		} else if (ch == 0177) {	/* delete/rubout */
			*dst++ = '^';
			*dst++ = '?';
		} else {			/* parity character */
			snprintf(dst, 5, "\\%03o", ch);
			dst += strlen(dst);
		}
	}
	*dst = '\0';
}

/* warning:
 *	returns a pointer to malloc'd storage, you must call free yourself.
 */
char *
mkprints(src, len)
	unsigned char *src;
	unsigned int len;
{
	char *dst = malloc(len*4 + 1);

	if (dst)
		mkprint(dst, src, len);

	return (dst);
}

#ifdef MAIL_DATE
/* Sat, 27 Feb 1993 11:44:51 -0800 (CST)
 * 1234567890123456789012345678901234567
 */
char *
arpadate(clock)
	time_t *clock;
{
	time_t t = clock ? *clock : time(NULL);
	struct tm *tm = localtime(&t);
	static char ret[64];	/* zone name might be >3 chars */
	char *qmark;
	size_t len;
	long gmtoff = get_gmtoff(&t, tm);
	int hours = gmtoff / 3600;
	int minutes = (gmtoff - (hours * 3600)) / 60;

	if (minutes < 0)
		minutes = -minutes;

	/* Defensive coding (almost) never hurts... */
	len = strftime(ret, sizeof(ret), "%a, %e %b %Y %T ????? (%Z)", tm);
	if (len == 0) {
		ret[0] = '?';
		ret[1] = '\0';
		return (ret);
	}
	qmark = strchr(ret, '?');
	if (qmark && len - (qmark - ret) >= 6) {
		snprintf(qmark, 6, "% .2d%.2d", hours, minutes);
		qmark[5] = ' ';
	}
	return (ret);
}
#endif /*MAIL_DATE*/

#ifdef HAVE_SAVED_UIDS
static gid_t save_egid;
int swap_gids() { save_egid = getegid(); return (setegid(getgid())); }
int swap_gids_back() { return (setegid(save_egid)); }
#else /*HAVE_SAVED_UIDS*/
int swap_gids() { return (setregid(getegid(), getgid())); }
int swap_gids_back() { return (swap_gids()); }
#endif /*HAVE_SAVED_UIDS*/

/* Return the offset from GMT in seconds (algorithm taken from sendmail).
 *
 * warning:
 *	clobbers the static storage space used by localtime() and gmtime().
 *	If the local pointer is non-NULL it *must* point to a local copy.
 */
#ifndef HAVE_TM_GMTOFF
long get_gmtoff(time_t *clock, struct tm *local)
{
	struct tm gmt;
	long offset;

	gmt = *gmtime(clock);
	if (local == NULL)
		local = localtime(clock);

	offset = (local->tm_sec - gmt.tm_sec) +
	    ((local->tm_min - gmt.tm_min) * 60) +
	    ((local->tm_hour - gmt.tm_hour) * 3600);

	/* Timezone may cause year rollover to happen on a different day. */
	if (local->tm_year < gmt.tm_year)
		offset -= 24 * 3600;
	else if (local->tm_year > gmt.tm_year)
		offset -= 24 * 3600;
	else if (local->tm_yday < gmt.tm_yday)
		offset -= 24 * 3600;
	else if (local->tm_yday > gmt.tm_yday)
		offset += 24 * 3600;

	return (offset);
}
#endif /* HAVE_TM_GMTOFF */

/* void open_socket(void)
 *	opens a UNIX domain socket that crontab uses to poke cron.
 */
int
open_socket(void)
{
	int		   sock;
	mode_t		   omask;
	struct sockaddr_un s_un;

	sock = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (sock == -1) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't create socket: %s\n",
		    ProgramName, strerror(errno));
		log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH", "can't create socket");
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't make socket close on exec: %s\n",
		    ProgramName, strerror(errno));
		log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH",
		    "can't make socket close on exec");
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) == -1) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't make socket non-blocking: %s\n",
		    ProgramName, strerror(errno));
		log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH",
		    "can't make socket non-blocking");
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	bzero(&s_un, sizeof(s_un));
	if (snprintf(s_un.sun_path, sizeof s_un.sun_path, "%s/%s",
	      SPOOL_DIR, CRONSOCK) >= sizeof(s_un.sun_path)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s/%s: path too long\n", SPOOL_DIR, CRONSOCK);
		log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH", "path too long");
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	unlink(s_un.sun_path);
	s_un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
#ifdef SUN_LEN
	s_un.sun_len = SUN_LEN(&s_un);
#endif

	omask = umask(007);
	if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&s_un, sizeof(s_un))) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't bind socket: %s\n",
		    ProgramName, strerror(errno));
		log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH", "can't bind socket");
		umask(omask);
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	umask(omask);
	if (listen(sock, SOMAXCONN)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't listen on socket: %s\n",
		    ProgramName, strerror(errno));
		log_it("CRON", getpid(), "DEATH", "can't listen on socket");
		exit(ERROR_EXIT);
	}
	chmod(s_un.sun_path, 0660);

	return(sock);
}

void
poke_daemon(const char *spool_dir, unsigned char cookie) {
	int sock = -1;
	struct sockaddr_un s_un;

	(void) utime(spool_dir, NULL);		/* old poke method */

	bzero(&s_un, sizeof(s_un));
	if (snprintf(s_un.sun_path, sizeof s_un.sun_path, "%s/%s",
	      SPOOL_DIR, CRONSOCK) >= sizeof(s_un.sun_path)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s/%s: path too long\n",
		    ProgramName, SPOOL_DIR, CRONSOCK);
		return;
	}
	s_un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
#ifdef SUN_LEN
	s_un.sun_len = SUN_LEN(&s_un);
#endif
	(void) signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
	if ((sock = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) >= 0 &&
	    connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&s_un, sizeof(s_un)) == 0)
		write(sock, &cookie, 1);
	else
		fprintf(stderr, "%s: warning, cron does not appear to be "
		    "running.\n", ProgramName);
	if (sock >= 0)
		close(sock);
	(void) signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
}