xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/su/su.c (revision 1a8dbaac879b9f3335ad7fb25429ce63ac1d6bac)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: su.c,v 1.82 2020/08/17 18:12:12 semarie Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/time.h>
33 #include <sys/resource.h>
34 
35 #include <err.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <grp.h>
38 #include <login_cap.h>
39 #include <paths.h>
40 #include <pwd.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <syslog.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 #include <limits.h>
47 #include <utmp.h>
48 #include <stdarg.h>
49 #include <bsd_auth.h>
50 
51 char   *getloginname(void);
52 char   *ontty(void);
53 int	chshell(const char *);
54 int	verify_user(char *, struct passwd *, char *, login_cap_t *,
55 	    auth_session_t *);
56 void	usage(void);
57 void	auth_err(auth_session_t *, int, const char *, ...);
58 void	auth_errx(auth_session_t *, int, const char *, ...);
59 
60 int
61 main(int argc, char **argv)
62 {
63 	int asme = 0, asthem = 0, ch, fastlogin = 0, emlogin = 0, prio;
64 	int altshell = 0, homeless = 0;
65 	char *user, *shell = NULL, *avshell, *username, **np;
66 	char *class = NULL, *style = NULL, *p;
67 	enum { UNSET, YES, NO } iscsh = UNSET;
68 	char avshellbuf[PATH_MAX];
69 	extern char **environ;
70 	auth_session_t *as;
71 	struct passwd *pwd;
72 	login_cap_t *lc;
73 	uid_t ruid;
74 	u_int flags;
75 
76 	if (pledge("stdio unveil rpath getpw proc exec id", NULL) == -1)
77 		err(1, "pledge");
78 
79 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "a:c:fKLlms:-")) != -1)
80 		switch (ch) {
81 		case 'a':
82 			if (style)
83 				usage();
84 			style = optarg;
85 			break;
86 		case 'c':
87 			if (class)
88 				usage();
89 			class = optarg;
90 			break;
91 		case 'f':
92 			fastlogin = 1;
93 			break;
94 		case 'K':
95 			if (style)
96 				usage();
97 			style = "passwd";
98 			break;
99 		case 'L':
100 			emlogin = 1;
101 			break;
102 		case 'l':
103 		case '-':
104 			asme = 0;
105 			asthem = 1;
106 			break;
107 		case 'm':
108 			asme = 1;
109 			asthem = 0;
110 			break;
111 		case 's':
112 			altshell = 1;
113 			shell = optarg;
114 			break;
115 		default:
116 			usage();
117 		}
118 	argv += optind;
119 
120 	errno = 0;
121 	prio = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
122 	if (errno)
123 		prio = 0;
124 	setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -2);
125 	openlog("su", LOG_CONS, 0);
126 
127 	if ((as = auth_open()) == NULL) {
128 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "auth_open: %m");
129 		err(1, "unable to initialize BSD authentication");
130 	}
131 	auth_setoption(as, "login", "yes");
132 
133 	/* get current login name and shell */
134 	ruid = getuid();
135 	username = getlogin();
136 
137 	if (ruid && class)
138 		auth_errx(as, 1, "only the superuser may specify a login class");
139 
140 	if (ruid && altshell)
141 		auth_errx(as, 1, "only the superuser may specify a login shell");
142 
143 	if (username != NULL)
144 		auth_setoption(as, "invokinguser", username);
145 
146 	if (username == NULL || (pwd = getpwnam(username)) == NULL ||
147 	    pwd->pw_uid != ruid)
148 		pwd = getpwuid(ruid);
149 	if (pwd == NULL)
150 		auth_errx(as, 1, "who are you?");
151 	if ((username = strdup(pwd->pw_name)) == NULL)
152 		auth_err(as, 1, NULL);
153 	if (asme && !altshell) {
154 		if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
155 			if ((shell = strdup(pwd->pw_shell)) == NULL)
156 				auth_err(as, 1, NULL);
157 		} else {
158 			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
159 			iscsh = NO;
160 		}
161 	}
162 
163 	if (unveil(_PATH_LOGIN_CONF, "r") == -1)
164 		err(1, "unveil");
165 	if (unveil(_PATH_LOGIN_CONF ".db", "r") == -1)
166 		err(1, "unveil");
167 	if (unveil(_PATH_AUTHPROGDIR, "x") == -1)
168 		err(1, "unveil");
169 	if (unveil(_PATH_SHELLS, "r") == -1)
170 		err(1, "unveil");
171 	if (unveil(_PATH_DEVDB, "r") == -1)
172 		err(1, "unveil");
173 	if (unveil(_PATH_NOLOGIN, "r") == -1)
174 		err(1, "unveil");
175 
176 	for (;;) {
177 		char *pw_class = class;
178 
179 		/* get target user, default to root unless in -L mode */
180 		if (*argv) {
181 			user = *argv;
182 		} else if (emlogin) {
183 			if ((user = getloginname()) == NULL) {
184 				auth_close(as);
185 				exit(1);
186 			}
187 		} else {
188 			user = "root";
189 		}
190 		/* style may be specified as part of the username */
191 		if ((p = strchr(user, ':')) != NULL) {
192 			*p++ = '\0';
193 			style = p;	/* XXX overrides -a flag */
194 		}
195 
196 		/*
197 		 * Clean and setup our current authentication session.
198 		 * Note that options *are* not cleared.
199 		 */
200 		auth_clean(as);
201 		if (auth_setitem(as, AUTHV_INTERACTIVE, "True") != 0 ||
202 		    auth_setitem(as, AUTHV_NAME, user) != 0)
203 			auth_err(as, 1, NULL);
204 		if ((user = auth_getitem(as, AUTHV_NAME)) == NULL)
205 			auth_errx(as, 1, "internal error");
206 		if (auth_setpwd(as, NULL) || (pwd = auth_getpwd(as)) == NULL) {
207 			if (emlogin)
208 				pwd = NULL;
209 			else
210 				auth_errx(as, 1, "unknown login %s", user);
211 		}
212 
213 		/* If the user specified a login class, use it */
214 		if (pw_class == NULL && pwd != NULL)
215 			pw_class = pwd->pw_class;
216 		if ((lc = login_getclass(pw_class)) == NULL)
217 			auth_errx(as, 1, "no such login class: %s",
218 			    pw_class ? pw_class : LOGIN_DEFCLASS);
219 
220 		if ((ruid == 0 && !emlogin) ||
221 		    verify_user(username, pwd, style, lc, as) == 0)
222 			break;
223 		syslog(LOG_AUTH|LOG_WARNING, "BAD SU %s to %s%s",
224 		    username, user, ontty());
225 		if (!emlogin) {
226 			fprintf(stderr, "Sorry\n");
227 			auth_close(as);
228 			exit(1);
229 		}
230 		fprintf(stderr, "Login incorrect\n");
231 	}
232 	if (pwd == NULL)
233 		auth_errx(as, 1, "internal error");
234 
235 	if (pledge("stdio unveil rpath getpw exec id", NULL) == -1)
236 		err(1, "pledge");
237 
238 	if (!altshell) {
239 		if (asme) {
240 			/* must be root to override non-std target shell */
241 			if (ruid && !chshell(pwd->pw_shell))
242 				auth_errx(as, 1, "permission denied (shell).");
243 		} else if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
244 			if ((shell = strdup(pwd->pw_shell)) == NULL)
245 				auth_err(as, 1, NULL);
246 			iscsh = UNSET;
247 		} else {
248 			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
249 			iscsh = NO;
250 		}
251 	}
252 
253 	if (unveil(shell, "x") == -1)
254 		err(1, "unveil");
255 	if (unveil(pwd->pw_dir, "r") == -1)
256 		err(1, "unveil");
257 
258 	if ((p = strrchr(shell, '/')))
259 		avshell = p+1;
260 	else
261 		avshell = shell;
262 
263 	/* if we're forking a csh, we want to slightly muck the args */
264 	if (iscsh == UNSET)
265 		iscsh = strcmp(avshell, "csh") ? NO : YES;
266 
267 	if (!asme) {
268 		if (asthem) {
269 			p = getenv("TERM");
270 			if ((environ = calloc(1, sizeof (char *))) == NULL)
271 				auth_errx(as, 1, "calloc");
272 			if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETPATH))
273 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
274 			if (p && setenv("TERM", p, 1) == -1)
275 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
276 
277 			setegid(pwd->pw_gid);
278 			seteuid(pwd->pw_uid);
279 
280 			homeless = chdir(pwd->pw_dir);
281 			if (homeless == -1) {
282 				if (login_getcapbool(lc, "requirehome", 0)) {
283 					auth_err(as, 1, "%s", pwd->pw_dir);
284 				} else {
285 					if (unveil("/", "r") == -1)
286 						err(1, "unveil");
287 					printf("No home directory %s!\n", pwd->pw_dir);
288 					printf("Logging in with home = \"/\".\n");
289 					if (chdir("/") == -1)
290 						auth_err(as, 1, "/");
291 				}
292 			}
293 			setegid(0);	/* XXX use a saved gid instead? */
294 			seteuid(0);
295 		} else if (pwd->pw_uid == 0) {
296 			if (setusercontext(lc,
297 			    pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETPATH|LOGIN_SETUMASK))
298 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
299 		}
300 		if (asthem || pwd->pw_uid) {
301 			if (setenv("LOGNAME", pwd->pw_name, 1) == -1 ||
302 			    setenv("USER", pwd->pw_name, 1) == -1)
303 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
304 		}
305 		if (setenv("HOME", homeless ? "/" : pwd->pw_dir, 1) == -1 ||
306 		    setenv("SHELL", shell, 1) == -1)
307 			auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
308 	} else if (altshell) {
309 		if (setenv("SHELL", shell, 1) == -1)
310 			auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
311 	}
312 	if (pledge("stdio rpath getpw exec id", NULL) == -1)
313 		err(1, "pledge");
314 
315 	np = *argv ? argv : argv - 1;
316 
317 	if (iscsh == YES) {
318 		if (fastlogin)
319 			*np-- = "-f";
320 		if (asme)
321 			*np-- = "-m";
322 
323 		if (asthem)
324 			avshellbuf[0] = '-';
325 		else {
326 			/* csh strips the first character... */
327 			avshellbuf[0] = '_';
328 		}
329 		strlcpy(avshellbuf+1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
330 		avshell = avshellbuf;
331 	} else if (asthem && !fastlogin) {
332 		avshellbuf[0] = '-';
333 		strlcpy(avshellbuf+1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
334 		avshell = avshellbuf;
335 	}
336 
337 	*np = avshell;
338 
339 	if (ruid != 0)
340 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE|LOG_AUTH, "%s to %s%s",
341 		    username, user, ontty());
342 
343 	setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, prio);
344 	if (emlogin) {
345 		flags = LOGIN_SETALL & ~LOGIN_SETPATH;
346 		/*
347 		 * Only call setlogin() if this process is a session leader.
348 		 * In practice, this means the login name will be set only if
349 		 * we are exec'd by a shell.  This is important because
350 		 * otherwise the parent shell's login name would change too.
351 		 */
352 		if (getsid(0) != getpid())
353 			flags &= ~LOGIN_SETLOGIN;
354 	} else {
355 		flags = LOGIN_SETRESOURCES|LOGIN_SETGROUP|LOGIN_SETUSER;
356 		if (asthem)
357 			flags |= LOGIN_SETENV|LOGIN_SETPRIORITY|LOGIN_SETUMASK;
358 	}
359 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, flags) != 0)
360 		auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
361 
362 	if (pledge("stdio rpath exec", NULL) == -1)
363 		err(1, "pledge");
364 
365 	if (pwd->pw_uid && auth_approval(as, lc, pwd->pw_name, "su") == 0)
366 		auth_err(as, 1, "approval failure");
367 	auth_close(as);
368 
369 	execv(shell, np);
370 	err(1, "%s", shell);
371 }
372 
373 int
374 verify_user(char *from, struct passwd *pwd, char *style,
375     login_cap_t *lc, auth_session_t *as)
376 {
377 	struct group *gr;
378 	char **g, *cp;
379 	int authok;
380 
381 	/*
382 	 * If we are trying to become root and the default style
383 	 * is being used, don't bother to look it up (we might be
384 	 * be su'ing up to fix /etc/login.conf)
385 	 */
386 	if ((pwd == NULL || pwd->pw_uid != 0 || style == NULL ||
387 	    strcmp(style, LOGIN_DEFSTYLE) != 0) &&
388 	    (style = login_getstyle(lc, style, "auth-su")) == NULL)
389 		auth_errx(as, 1, "invalid authentication type");
390 
391 	/*
392 	 * Let the authentication program know whether they are
393 	 * in group wheel or not (if trying to become super user)
394 	 */
395 	if (pwd != NULL && pwd->pw_uid == 0 && (gr = getgrgid(0)) != NULL &&
396 	    gr->gr_mem != NULL && *(gr->gr_mem) != NULL) {
397 		for (g = gr->gr_mem; *g; ++g) {
398 			if (strcmp(from, *g) == 0) {
399 				auth_setoption(as, "wheel", "yes");
400 				break;
401 			}
402 		}
403 		if (!*g)
404 			auth_setoption(as, "wheel", "no");
405 	}
406 
407 	auth_verify(as, style, NULL, lc->lc_class, (char *)NULL);
408 	authok = auth_getstate(as);
409 	if ((authok & AUTH_ALLOW) == 0) {
410 		if ((cp = auth_getvalue(as, "errormsg")) != NULL)
411 			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", cp);
412 		return(1);
413 	}
414 	return(0);
415 }
416 
417 int
418 chshell(const char *sh)
419 {
420 	char *cp;
421 	int found = 0;
422 
423 	setusershell();
424 	while ((cp = getusershell()) != NULL) {
425 		if (strcmp(cp, sh) == 0) {
426 			found = 1;
427 			break;
428 		}
429 	}
430 	endusershell();
431 	return (found);
432 }
433 
434 char *
435 ontty(void)
436 {
437 	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 4];
438 	char *p;
439 
440 	buf[0] = 0;
441 	if ((p = ttyname(STDERR_FILENO)))
442 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), " on %s", p);
443 	return (buf);
444 }
445 
446 /*
447  * Allow for a '.' and 16 characters for any instance as well as
448  * space for a ':' and 16 characters defining the authentication type.
449  */
450 #define NBUFSIZ		(UT_NAMESIZE + 1 + 16 + 1 + 16)
451 
452 char *
453 getloginname(void)
454 {
455 	static char nbuf[NBUFSIZ], *p;
456 	int ch;
457 
458 	for (;;) {
459 		printf("login: ");
460 		for (p = nbuf; (ch = getchar()) != '\n'; ) {
461 			if (ch == EOF)
462 				return (NULL);
463 			if (p < nbuf + (NBUFSIZ - 1))
464 				*p++ = ch;
465 		}
466 		if (p > nbuf) {
467 			if (nbuf[0] == '-') {
468 				fprintf(stderr,
469 				    "login names may not start with '-'.\n");
470 			} else {
471 				*p = '\0';
472 				break;
473 			}
474 		}
475 	}
476 	return (nbuf);
477 }
478 
479 void
480 usage(void)
481 {
482 	extern char *__progname;
483 
484 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-fKLlm] [-a auth-type] [-c login-class] "
485 	    "[-s login-shell]\n"
486 	    "%-*s[login [shell arguments]]\n", __progname,
487 	    (int)strlen(__progname) + 8, "");
488 	exit(1);
489 }
490 
491 void
492 auth_err(auth_session_t *as, int eval, const char *fmt, ...)
493 {
494 	va_list ap;
495 
496 	va_start(ap, fmt);
497 	vwarn(fmt, ap);
498 	va_end(ap);
499 	auth_close(as);
500 	exit(eval);
501 }
502 
503 void
504 auth_errx(auth_session_t *as, int eval, const char *fmt, ...)
505 {
506 	va_list ap;
507 
508 	va_start(ap, fmt);
509 	vwarnx(fmt, ap);
510 	va_end(ap);
511 	auth_close(as);
512 	exit(eval);
513 }
514