xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/stat/stat.c (revision a28daedfc357b214be5c701aa8ba8adb29a7f1c2)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: stat.c,v 1.13 2008/06/26 05:42:21 ray Exp $ */
2 /*	$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.19 2004/06/20 22:20:16 jmc Exp $ */
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
9  * by Andrew Brown.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
24  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
30  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 static const char rccs_id[] =
35     "$OpenBSD: stat.c,v 1.13 2008/06/26 05:42:21 ray Exp $";
36 #endif
37 
38 #include <sys/types.h>
39 #include <sys/stat.h>
40 
41 #include <ctype.h>
42 #include <err.h>
43 #include <errno.h>
44 #include <grp.h>
45 #include <limits.h>
46 #include <pwd.h>
47 #include <stdio.h>
48 #include <stdlib.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 #include <time.h>
51 #include <unistd.h>
52 
53 #define DEF_FORMAT \
54 	"%d %i %Sp %l %Su %Sg %r %z \"%Sa\" \"%Sm\" \"%Sc\" " \
55 	"%k %b %#Xf %N"
56 #define RAW_FORMAT	"%d %i %#p %l %u %g %r %z %a %m %c " \
57 	"%k %b %f %N"
58 #define LS_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%SY"
59 #define LSF_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%T%SY"
60 #define SHELL_FORMAT \
61 	"st_dev=%d st_ino=%i st_mode=%#p st_nlink=%l " \
62 	"st_uid=%u st_gid=%g st_rdev=%r st_size=%z " \
63 	"st_atime=%a st_mtime=%m st_ctime=%c " \
64 	"st_blksize=%k st_blocks=%b st_flags=%f"
65 #define LINUX_FORMAT \
66 	"  File: \"%N\"%n" \
67 	"  Size: %-11z  FileType: %HT%n" \
68 	"  Mode: (%04OLp/%.10Sp)         Uid: (%5u/%8Su)  Gid: (%5g/%8Sg)%n" \
69 	"Device: %Hd,%Ld   Inode: %i    Links: %l%n" \
70 	"Access: %Sa%n" \
71 	"Modify: %Sm%n" \
72 	"Change: %Sc"
73 
74 #define TIME_FORMAT	"%b %e %T %Y"
75 
76 #define FLAG_POUND	0x01
77 #define FLAG_SPACE	0x02
78 #define FLAG_PLUS	0x04
79 #define FLAG_ZERO	0x08
80 #define FLAG_MINUS	0x10
81 
82 /*
83  * These format characters must all be unique, except the magic one.
84  */
85 #define FMT_MAGIC	'%'
86 #define FMT_DOT		'.'
87 
88 #define SIMPLE_NEWLINE	'n'
89 #define SIMPLE_TAB	't'
90 #define SIMPLE_PERCENT	'%'
91 #define SIMPLE_NUMBER	'@'
92 
93 #define FMT_POUND	'#'
94 #define FMT_SPACE	' '
95 #define FMT_PLUS	'+'
96 #define FMT_ZERO	'0'
97 #define FMT_MINUS	'-'
98 
99 #define FMT_DECIMAL	'D'
100 #define FMT_OCTAL	'O'
101 #define FMT_UNSIGNED	'U'
102 #define FMT_HEX		'X'
103 #define FMT_FLOAT	'F'
104 #define FMT_STRING	'S'
105 
106 #define FMTF_DECIMAL	0x01
107 #define FMTF_OCTAL	0x02
108 #define FMTF_UNSIGNED	0x04
109 #define FMTF_HEX	0x08
110 #define FMTF_FLOAT	0x10
111 #define FMTF_STRING	0x20
112 
113 #define HIGH_PIECE	'H'
114 #define MIDDLE_PIECE	'M'
115 #define LOW_PIECE	'L'
116 
117 #define SHOW_st_dev	'd'
118 #define SHOW_st_ino	'i'
119 #define SHOW_st_mode	'p'
120 #define SHOW_st_nlink	'l'
121 #define SHOW_st_uid	'u'
122 #define SHOW_st_gid	'g'
123 #define SHOW_st_rdev	'r'
124 #define SHOW_st_atime	'a'
125 #define SHOW_st_mtime	'm'
126 #define SHOW_st_ctime	'c'
127 #define SHOW_st_btime	'B'
128 #define SHOW_st_size	'z'
129 #define SHOW_st_blocks	'b'
130 #define SHOW_st_blksize	'k'
131 #define SHOW_st_flags	'f'
132 #define SHOW_st_gen	'v'
133 #define SHOW_symlink	'Y'
134 #define SHOW_filetype	'T'
135 #define SHOW_filename	'N'
136 #define SHOW_sizerdev	'Z'
137 
138 void	usage(const char *);
139 void	output(const struct stat *, const char *,
140 	    const char *, int, int);
141 int	format1(const struct stat *,	/* stat info */
142 	    const char *,		/* the file name */
143 	    const char *, int,		/* the format string itself */
144 	    char *, size_t,		/* a place to put the output */
145 	    int, int, int, int,		/* the parsed format */
146 	    int, int);
147 
148 char *timefmt;
149 int linkfail;
150 
151 #define addchar(s, c, nl) \
152 	do { \
153 		(void)fputc((c), (s)); \
154 		(*nl) = ((c) == '\n'); \
155 	} while (0/*CONSTCOND*/)
156 
157 extern char *__progname;
158 
159 int
160 main(int argc, char *argv[])
161 {
162 	struct stat st;
163 	int ch, rc, errs;
164 	int lsF, fmtchar, usestat, fn, nonl, quiet;
165 	char *statfmt, *options, *synopsis;
166 
167 	lsF = 0;
168 	fmtchar = '\0';
169 	usestat = 0;
170 	nonl = 0;
171 	quiet = 0;
172 	linkfail = 0;
173 	statfmt = NULL;
174 	timefmt = NULL;
175 
176 	options = "f:FlLnqrst:x";
177 	synopsis = "[-FlLnqrsx] [-f format] [-t timefmt] [file ...]";
178 
179 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, options)) != -1)
180 		switch (ch) {
181 		case 'F':
182 			lsF = 1;
183 			break;
184 		case 'L':
185 			usestat = 1;
186 			break;
187 		case 'n':
188 			nonl = 1;
189 			break;
190 		case 'q':
191 			quiet = 1;
192 			break;
193 		case 'f':
194 			statfmt = optarg;
195 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
196 		case 'l':
197 		case 'r':
198 		case 's':
199 		case 'x':
200 			if (fmtchar != 0)
201 				errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with '%c'",
202 				    fmtchar, ch);
203 			fmtchar = ch;
204 			break;
205 		case 't':
206 			timefmt = optarg;
207 			break;
208 		default:
209 			usage(synopsis);
210 		}
211 
212 	argc -= optind;
213 	argv += optind;
214 	fn = 1;
215 
216 	if (fmtchar == '\0') {
217 		if (lsF)
218 			fmtchar = 'l';
219 		else {
220 			fmtchar = 'f';
221 			statfmt = DEF_FORMAT;
222 		}
223 	}
224 
225 	if (lsF && fmtchar != 'l')
226 		errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with -F", fmtchar);
227 
228 	switch (fmtchar) {
229 	case 'f':
230 		/* statfmt already set */
231 		break;
232 	case 'l':
233 		statfmt = lsF ? LSF_FORMAT : LS_FORMAT;
234 		break;
235 	case 'r':
236 		statfmt = RAW_FORMAT;
237 		break;
238 	case 's':
239 		statfmt = SHELL_FORMAT;
240 		break;
241 	case 'x':
242 		statfmt = LINUX_FORMAT;
243 		if (timefmt == NULL)
244 			timefmt = "%c";
245 		break;
246 	default:
247 		usage(synopsis);
248 		/*NOTREACHED*/
249 	}
250 
251 	if (timefmt == NULL)
252 		timefmt = TIME_FORMAT;
253 
254 	errs = 0;
255 	do {
256 		if (argc == 0)
257 			rc = fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st);
258 		else if (usestat) {
259 			/*
260 			 * Try stat() and if it fails, fall back to
261 			 * lstat() just in case we're examining a
262 			 * broken symlink.
263 			 */
264 			if ((rc = stat(argv[0], &st)) == -1 &&
265 			    errno == ENOENT &&
266 			    (rc = lstat(argv[0], &st)) == -1)
267 				errno = ENOENT;
268 		} else
269 			rc = lstat(argv[0], &st);
270 
271 		if (rc == -1) {
272 			errs = 1;
273 			linkfail = 1;
274 			if (!quiet)
275 				warn("%s",
276 				    argc == 0 ? "(stdin)" : argv[0]);
277 		} else
278 			output(&st, argv[0], statfmt, fn, nonl);
279 
280 		argv++;
281 		argc--;
282 		fn++;
283 	} while (argc > 0);
284 
285 	return (errs);
286 }
287 
288 void
289 usage(const char *synopsis)
290 {
291 
292 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s %s\n", __progname, synopsis);
293 	exit(1);
294 }
295 
296 /*
297  * Parses a format string.
298  */
299 void
300 output(const struct stat *st, const char *file,
301     const char *statfmt, int fn, int nonl)
302 {
303 	int flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what;
304 	char buf[PATH_MAX + 4 + 1];
305 	const char *subfmt;
306 	int nl, t, i;
307 
308 	nl = 1;
309 	while (*statfmt != '\0') {
310 
311 		/*
312 		 * Non-format characters go straight out.
313 		 */
314 		if (*statfmt != FMT_MAGIC) {
315 			addchar(stdout, *statfmt, &nl);
316 			statfmt++;
317 			continue;
318 		}
319 
320 		/*
321 		 * The current format "substring" starts here,
322 		 * and then we skip the magic.
323 		 */
324 		subfmt = statfmt;
325 		statfmt++;
326 
327 		/*
328 		 * Some simple one-character "formats".
329 		 */
330 		switch (*statfmt) {
331 		case SIMPLE_NEWLINE:
332 			addchar(stdout, '\n', &nl);
333 			statfmt++;
334 			continue;
335 		case SIMPLE_TAB:
336 			addchar(stdout, '\t', &nl);
337 			statfmt++;
338 			continue;
339 		case SIMPLE_PERCENT:
340 			addchar(stdout, '%', &nl);
341 			statfmt++;
342 			continue;
343 		case SIMPLE_NUMBER: {
344 			char num[12], *p;
345 
346 			snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%d", fn);
347 			for (p = &num[0]; *p; p++)
348 				addchar(stdout, *p, &nl);
349 			statfmt++;
350 			continue;
351 		}
352 		}
353 
354 		/*
355 		 * This must be an actual format string.  Format strings are
356 		 * similar to printf(3) formats up to a point, and are of
357 		 * the form:
358 		 *
359 		 *	%	required start of format
360 		 *	[-# +0]	opt. format characters
361 		 *	size	opt. field width
362 		 *	.	opt. decimal separator, followed by
363 		 *	prec	opt. precision
364 		 *	fmt	opt. output specifier (string, numeric, etc.)
365 		 *	sub	opt. sub field specifier (high, middle, low)
366 		 *	datum	required field specifier (size, mode, etc)
367 		 *
368 		 * Only the % and the datum selector are required.  All data
369 		 * have reasonable default output forms.  The "sub" specifier
370 		 * only applies to certain data (mode, dev, rdev, filetype).
371 		 * The symlink output defaults to STRING, yet will only emit
372 		 * the leading " -> " if STRING is explicitly specified.  The
373 		 * sizerdev datum will generate rdev output for character or
374 		 * block devices, and size output for all others.
375 		 */
376 		flags = 0;
377 		do {
378 			if (*statfmt == FMT_POUND)
379 				flags |= FLAG_POUND;
380 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_SPACE)
381 				flags |= FLAG_SPACE;
382 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_PLUS)
383 				flags |= FLAG_PLUS;
384 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_ZERO)
385 				flags |= FLAG_ZERO;
386 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_MINUS)
387 				flags |= FLAG_MINUS;
388 			else
389 				break;
390 			statfmt++;
391 		} while (1/*CONSTCOND*/);
392 
393 		size = -1;
394 		if (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
395 			size = 0;
396 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
397 				size = (size * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
398 				statfmt++;
399 				if (size < 0)
400 					goto badfmt;
401 			}
402 		}
403 
404 		prec = -1;
405 		if (*statfmt == FMT_DOT) {
406 			statfmt++;
407 
408 			prec = 0;
409 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
410 				prec = (prec * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
411 				statfmt++;
412 				if (prec < 0)
413 					goto badfmt;
414 			}
415 		}
416 
417 #define fmtcase(x, y)		case (y): (x) = (y); statfmt++; break
418 #define fmtcasef(x, y, z)	case (y): (x) = (z); statfmt++; break
419 		switch (*statfmt) {
420 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_DECIMAL,	FMTF_DECIMAL);
421 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_OCTAL,	FMTF_OCTAL);
422 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_UNSIGNED,	FMTF_UNSIGNED);
423 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_HEX,		FMTF_HEX);
424 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_FLOAT,	FMTF_FLOAT);
425 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_STRING,	FMTF_STRING);
426 		default:
427 			ofmt = 0;
428 			break;
429 		}
430 
431 		switch (*statfmt) {
432 			fmtcase(hilo, HIGH_PIECE);
433 			fmtcase(hilo, MIDDLE_PIECE);
434 			fmtcase(hilo, LOW_PIECE);
435 		default:
436 			hilo = 0;
437 			break;
438 		}
439 
440 		switch (*statfmt) {
441 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_dev);
442 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ino);
443 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mode);
444 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_nlink);
445 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_uid);
446 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gid);
447 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_rdev);
448 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_atime);
449 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mtime);
450 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ctime);
451 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_btime);
452 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_size);
453 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blocks);
454 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blksize);
455 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_flags);
456 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gen);
457 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_symlink);
458 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filetype);
459 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filename);
460 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_sizerdev);
461 		default:
462 			goto badfmt;
463 		}
464 #undef fmtcasef
465 #undef fmtcase
466 
467 		t = format1(st, file, subfmt, statfmt - subfmt, buf,
468 		    sizeof(buf), flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what);
469 
470 		for (i = 0; i < t && i < sizeof(buf) - 1; i++)
471 			addchar(stdout, buf[i], &nl);
472 
473 		continue;
474 
475 	badfmt:
476 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format",
477 		    (int)(statfmt - subfmt + 1), subfmt);
478 	}
479 
480 	if (!nl && !nonl)
481 		(void)fputc('\n', stdout);
482 	(void)fflush(stdout);
483 }
484 
485 /*
486  * Arranges output according to a single parsed format substring.
487  */
488 int
489 format1(const struct stat *st,
490     const char *file,
491     const char *fmt, int flen,
492     char *buf, size_t blen,
493     int flags, int size, int prec, int ofmt,
494     int hilo, int what)
495 {
496 	u_int64_t data;
497 	char *sdata, lfmt[24], tmp[20];
498 	char smode[12], sid[12], path[PATH_MAX + 4];
499 	struct passwd *pw;
500 	struct group *gr;
501 	struct tm *tm;
502 	time_t secs;
503 	long nsecs;
504 	int l, small, formats, gottime, n;
505 
506 	formats = 0;
507 	small = 0;
508 	gottime = 0;
509 	secs = 0;
510 	nsecs = 0;
511 
512 	/*
513 	 * First, pick out the data and tweak it based on hilo or
514 	 * specified output format (symlink output only).
515 	 */
516 	switch (what) {
517 	case SHOW_st_dev:
518 	case SHOW_st_rdev:
519 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
520 		data = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ? st->st_dev : st->st_rdev;
521 		sdata = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ?
522 		    devname(st->st_dev, S_IFBLK) :
523 		    devname(st->st_rdev,
524 		    S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) ? S_IFCHR :
525 		    S_ISBLK(st->st_mode) ? S_IFBLK :
526 		    0U);
527 		if (sdata == NULL)
528 			sdata = "???";
529 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
530 			data = major(data);
531 			hilo = 0;
532 		} else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
533 			data = minor((unsigned)data);
534 			hilo = 0;
535 		}
536 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
537 		    FMTF_STRING;
538 		if (ofmt == 0)
539 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
540 		break;
541 	case SHOW_st_ino:
542 		small = (sizeof(st->st_ino) == 4);
543 		data = st->st_ino;
544 		sdata = NULL;
545 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
546 		if (ofmt == 0)
547 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
548 		break;
549 	case SHOW_st_mode:
550 		small = (sizeof(st->st_mode) == 4);
551 		data = st->st_mode;
552 		strmode(st->st_mode, smode);
553 		sdata = smode;
554 		l = strlen(sdata);
555 		if (sdata[l - 1] == ' ')
556 			sdata[--l] = '\0';
557 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
558 			data >>= 12;
559 			sdata += 1;
560 			sdata[3] = '\0';
561 			hilo = 0;
562 		} else if (hilo == MIDDLE_PIECE) {
563 			data = (data >> 9) & 07;
564 			sdata += 4;
565 			sdata[3] = '\0';
566 			hilo = 0;
567 		} else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
568 			data &= 0777;
569 			sdata += 7;
570 			sdata[3] = '\0';
571 			hilo = 0;
572 		}
573 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
574 		    FMTF_STRING;
575 		if (ofmt == 0)
576 			ofmt = FMTF_OCTAL;
577 		break;
578 	case SHOW_st_nlink:
579 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
580 		data = st->st_nlink;
581 		sdata = NULL;
582 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
583 		if (ofmt == 0)
584 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
585 		break;
586 	case SHOW_st_uid:
587 		small = (sizeof(st->st_uid) == 4);
588 		data = st->st_uid;
589 		if ((pw = getpwuid(st->st_uid)) != NULL)
590 			sdata = pw->pw_name;
591 		else {
592 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_uid);
593 			sdata = sid;
594 		}
595 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
596 		    FMTF_STRING;
597 		if (ofmt == 0)
598 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
599 		break;
600 	case SHOW_st_gid:
601 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gid) == 4);
602 		data = st->st_gid;
603 		if ((gr = getgrgid(st->st_gid)) != NULL)
604 			sdata = gr->gr_name;
605 		else {
606 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_gid);
607 			sdata = sid;
608 		}
609 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
610 		    FMTF_STRING;
611 		if (ofmt == 0)
612 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
613 		break;
614 	case SHOW_st_atime:
615 		gottime = 1;
616 		secs = st->st_atime;
617 		nsecs = st->st_atimensec;
618 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
619 	case SHOW_st_mtime:
620 		if (!gottime) {
621 			gottime = 1;
622 			secs = st->st_mtime;
623 			nsecs = st->st_mtimensec;
624 		}
625 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
626 	case SHOW_st_ctime:
627 		if (!gottime) {
628 			gottime = 1;
629 			secs = st->st_ctime;
630 			nsecs = st->st_ctimensec;
631 		}
632 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
633 	case SHOW_st_btime:
634 		if (!gottime) {
635 			gottime = 1;
636 			secs = st->__st_birthtimespec.tv_sec;
637 			nsecs = st->__st_birthtimespec.tv_nsec;
638 		}
639 		small = (sizeof(secs) == 4);
640 		data = secs;
641 		small = 1;
642 		tm = localtime(&secs);
643 		(void)strftime(path, sizeof(path), timefmt, tm);
644 		sdata = path;
645 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
646 		    FMTF_FLOAT | FMTF_STRING;
647 		if (ofmt == 0)
648 			ofmt = FMTF_DECIMAL;
649 		break;
650 	case SHOW_st_size:
651 		small = (sizeof(st->st_size) == 4);
652 		data = st->st_size;
653 		sdata = NULL;
654 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
655 		if (ofmt == 0)
656 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
657 		break;
658 	case SHOW_st_blocks:
659 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blocks) == 4);
660 		data = st->st_blocks;
661 		sdata = NULL;
662 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
663 		if (ofmt == 0)
664 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
665 		break;
666 	case SHOW_st_blksize:
667 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blksize) == 4);
668 		data = st->st_blksize;
669 		sdata = NULL;
670 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
671 		if (ofmt == 0)
672 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
673 		break;
674 	case SHOW_st_flags:
675 		small = (sizeof(st->st_flags) == 4);
676 		data = st->st_flags;
677 		sdata = NULL;
678 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
679 		if (ofmt == 0)
680 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
681 		break;
682 	case SHOW_st_gen:
683 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gen) == 4);
684 		data = st->st_gen;
685 		sdata = NULL;
686 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
687 		if (ofmt == 0)
688 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
689 		break;
690 	case SHOW_symlink:
691 		small = 0;
692 		data = 0;
693 		if (S_ISLNK(st->st_mode)) {
694 			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), " -> ");
695 			l = readlink(file, path + 4, sizeof(path) - 4 - 1);
696 			if (l == -1) {
697 				linkfail = 1;
698 				l = 0;
699 				path[0] = '\0';
700 			}
701 			path[l + 4] = '\0';
702 			sdata = path + (ofmt == FMTF_STRING ? 0 : 4);
703 		} else {
704 			linkfail = 1;
705 			sdata = "";
706 		}
707 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
708 		if (ofmt == 0)
709 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
710 		break;
711 	case SHOW_filetype:
712 		small = 0;
713 		data = 0;
714 		sdata = smode;
715 		sdata[0] = '\0';
716 		if (hilo == 0 || hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
717 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
718 			case S_IFIFO:
719 				(void)strlcat(sdata, "|", sizeof(smode));
720 				break;
721 			case S_IFDIR:
722 				(void)strlcat(sdata, "/", sizeof(smode));
723 				break;
724 			case S_IFREG:
725 				if (st->st_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))
726 					(void)strlcat(sdata, "*",
727 					    sizeof(smode));
728 				break;
729 			case S_IFLNK:
730 				(void)strlcat(sdata, "@", sizeof(smode));
731 				break;
732 			case S_IFSOCK:
733 				(void)strlcat(sdata, "=", sizeof(smode));
734 				break;
735 			}
736 			hilo = 0;
737 		} else if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
738 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
739 			case S_IFIFO:	sdata = "Fifo File";		break;
740 			case S_IFCHR:	sdata = "Character Device";	break;
741 			case S_IFDIR:	sdata = "Directory";		break;
742 			case S_IFBLK:	sdata = "Block Device";		break;
743 			case S_IFREG:	sdata = "Regular File";		break;
744 			case S_IFLNK:	sdata = "Symbolic Link";	break;
745 			case S_IFSOCK:	sdata = "Socket";		break;
746 			default:	sdata = "???";			break;
747 			}
748 			hilo = 0;
749 		}
750 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
751 		if (ofmt == 0)
752 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
753 		break;
754 	case SHOW_filename:
755 		small = 0;
756 		data = 0;
757 		if (file == NULL)
758 			(void)strlcpy(path, "(stdin)", sizeof(path));
759 		else
760 			(void)strlcpy(path, file, sizeof(path));
761 		sdata = path;
762 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
763 		if (ofmt == 0)
764 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
765 		break;
766 	case SHOW_sizerdev:
767 		if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) {
768 			char majdev[20], mindev[20];
769 			int l1, l2;
770 
771 			l1 = format1(st, file, fmt, flen,
772 			    majdev, sizeof(majdev), flags, size, prec,
773 			    ofmt, HIGH_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
774 			l2 = format1(st, file, fmt, flen,
775 			    mindev, sizeof(mindev), flags, size, prec,
776 			    ofmt, LOW_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
777 			n = snprintf(buf, blen, "%.*s,%.*s",
778 			    l1, majdev, l2, mindev);
779 			return (n >= blen ? blen : n);
780 		} else {
781 			return (format1(st, file, fmt, flen, buf, blen,
782 			    flags, size, prec, ofmt, 0, SHOW_st_size));
783 		}
784 		/*NOTREACHED*/
785 	default:
786 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
787 	}
788 
789 	/*
790 	 * If a subdatum was specified but not supported, or an output
791 	 * format was selected that is not supported, that's an error.
792 	 */
793 	if (hilo != 0 || (ofmt & formats) == 0)
794 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
795 
796 	/*
797 	 * Assemble the format string for passing to printf(3).
798 	 */
799 	lfmt[0] = '\0';
800 	(void)strlcat(lfmt, "%", sizeof(lfmt));
801 	if (flags & FLAG_POUND)
802 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, "#", sizeof(lfmt));
803 	if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
804 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, " ", sizeof(lfmt));
805 	if (flags & FLAG_PLUS)
806 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, "+", sizeof(lfmt));
807 	if (flags & FLAG_MINUS)
808 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, "-", sizeof(lfmt));
809 	if (flags & FLAG_ZERO)
810 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, "0", sizeof(lfmt));
811 
812 	/*
813 	 * Only the timespecs support the FLOAT output format, and that
814 	 * requires work that differs from the other formats.
815 	 */
816 	if (ofmt == FMTF_FLOAT) {
817 		/*
818 		 * Nothing after the decimal point, so just print seconds.
819 		 */
820 		if (prec == 0) {
821 			if (size != -1) {
822 				(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
823 				(void)strlcat(lfmt, tmp, sizeof(lfmt));
824 			}
825 			(void)strlcat(lfmt, "d", sizeof(lfmt));
826 			n = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, secs);
827 			return (n >= blen ? blen : n);
828 		}
829 
830 		/*
831 		 * Unspecified precision gets all the precision we have:
832 		 * 9 digits.
833 		 */
834 		if (prec == -1)
835 			prec = 9;
836 
837 		/*
838 		 * Adjust the size for the decimal point and the digits
839 		 * that will follow.
840 		 */
841 		size -= prec + 1;
842 
843 		/*
844 		 * Any leftover size that's legitimate will be used.
845 		 */
846 		if (size > 0) {
847 			(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
848 			(void)strlcat(lfmt, tmp, sizeof(lfmt));
849 		}
850 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, "d", sizeof(lfmt));
851 
852 		/*
853 		 * The stuff after the decimal point always needs zero
854 		 * filling.
855 		 */
856 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, ".%0", sizeof(lfmt));
857 
858 		/*
859 		 * We can "print" at most nine digits of precision.  The
860 		 * rest we will pad on at the end.
861 		 */
862 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%dd", prec > 9 ? 9 : prec);
863 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, tmp, sizeof(lfmt));
864 
865 		/*
866 		 * For precision of less that nine digits, trim off the
867 		 * less significant figures.
868 		 */
869 		for (; prec < 9; prec++)
870 			nsecs /= 10;
871 
872 		/*
873 		 * Use the format, and then tack on any zeroes that
874 		 * might be required to make up the requested precision.
875 		 */
876 		l = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, secs, nsecs);
877 		if (l >= blen)
878 			return (l);
879 		for (; prec > 9 && l < blen; prec--, l++)
880 			(void)strlcat(buf, "0", blen);
881 		return (l);
882 	}
883 
884 	/*
885 	 * Add on size and precision, if specified, to the format.
886 	 */
887 	if (size != -1) {
888 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
889 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, tmp, sizeof(lfmt));
890 	}
891 	if (prec != -1) {
892 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), ".%d", prec);
893 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, tmp, sizeof(lfmt));
894 	}
895 
896 	/*
897 	 * String output uses the temporary sdata.
898 	 */
899 	if (ofmt == FMTF_STRING) {
900 		if (sdata == NULL)
901 			errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
902 		(void)strlcat(lfmt, "s", sizeof(lfmt));
903 		n = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, sdata);
904 		return (n >= blen ? blen : n);
905 	}
906 
907 	/*
908 	 * Ensure that sign extension does not cause bad looking output
909 	 * for some forms.
910 	 */
911 	if (small && ofmt != FMTF_DECIMAL)
912 		data = (u_int32_t)data;
913 
914 	/*
915 	 * The four "numeric" output forms.
916 	 */
917 	(void)strlcat(lfmt, "ll", sizeof(lfmt));
918 	switch (ofmt) {
919 	case FMTF_DECIMAL:	(void)strlcat(lfmt, "d", sizeof(lfmt));	break;
920 	case FMTF_OCTAL:	(void)strlcat(lfmt, "o", sizeof(lfmt));	break;
921 	case FMTF_UNSIGNED:	(void)strlcat(lfmt, "u", sizeof(lfmt));	break;
922 	case FMTF_HEX:		(void)strlcat(lfmt, "x", sizeof(lfmt));	break;
923 	}
924 
925 	n = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, data);
926 	return (n >= blen ? blen : n);
927 }
928