xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/sshd.c (revision 505ee9ea3b177e2387d907a91ca7da069f3f14d8)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshd.c,v 1.560 2020/07/03 10:12:26 markus Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * This program is the ssh daemon.  It listens for connections from clients,
7  * and performs authentication, executes use commands or shell, and forwards
8  * information to/from the application to the user client over an encrypted
9  * connection.  This can also handle forwarding of X11, TCP/IP, and
10  * authentication agent connections.
11  *
12  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
13  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
14  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
15  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
16  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
17  *
18  * SSH2 implementation:
19  * Privilege Separation:
20  *
21  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
22  * Copyright (c) 2002 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
23  *
24  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
25  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
26  * are met:
27  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
29  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
30  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
31  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
32  *
33  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
34  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
35  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
36  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
37  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
38  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
39  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
40  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
41  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
42  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
43  */
44 
45 #include <sys/types.h>
46 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
47 #include <sys/wait.h>
48 #include <sys/tree.h>
49 #include <sys/stat.h>
50 #include <sys/socket.h>
51 #include <sys/time.h>
52 #include <sys/queue.h>
53 
54 #include <errno.h>
55 #include <fcntl.h>
56 #include <netdb.h>
57 #include <paths.h>
58 #include <pwd.h>
59 #include <signal.h>
60 #include <stdio.h>
61 #include <stdlib.h>
62 #include <string.h>
63 #include <stdarg.h>
64 #include <unistd.h>
65 #include <limits.h>
66 
67 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
68 #include <openssl/bn.h>
69 #endif
70 
71 #include "xmalloc.h"
72 #include "ssh.h"
73 #include "ssh2.h"
74 #include "sshpty.h"
75 #include "packet.h"
76 #include "log.h"
77 #include "sshbuf.h"
78 #include "misc.h"
79 #include "match.h"
80 #include "servconf.h"
81 #include "uidswap.h"
82 #include "compat.h"
83 #include "cipher.h"
84 #include "digest.h"
85 #include "sshkey.h"
86 #include "kex.h"
87 #include "myproposal.h"
88 #include "authfile.h"
89 #include "pathnames.h"
90 #include "atomicio.h"
91 #include "canohost.h"
92 #include "hostfile.h"
93 #include "auth.h"
94 #include "authfd.h"
95 #include "msg.h"
96 #include "dispatch.h"
97 #include "channels.h"
98 #include "session.h"
99 #include "monitor.h"
100 #ifdef GSSAPI
101 #include "ssh-gss.h"
102 #endif
103 #include "monitor_wrap.h"
104 #include "ssh-sandbox.h"
105 #include "auth-options.h"
106 #include "version.h"
107 #include "ssherr.h"
108 #include "sk-api.h"
109 
110 /* Re-exec fds */
111 #define REEXEC_DEVCRYPTO_RESERVED_FD	(STDERR_FILENO + 1)
112 #define REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 2)
113 #define REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 3)
114 #define REEXEC_MIN_FREE_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 4)
115 
116 extern char *__progname;
117 
118 /* Server configuration options. */
119 ServerOptions options;
120 
121 /* Name of the server configuration file. */
122 char *config_file_name = _PATH_SERVER_CONFIG_FILE;
123 
124 /*
125  * Debug mode flag.  This can be set on the command line.  If debug
126  * mode is enabled, extra debugging output will be sent to the system
127  * log, the daemon will not go to background, and will exit after processing
128  * the first connection.
129  */
130 int debug_flag = 0;
131 
132 /*
133  * Indicating that the daemon should only test the configuration and keys.
134  * If test_flag > 1 ("-T" flag), then sshd will also dump the effective
135  * configuration, optionally using connection information provided by the
136  * "-C" flag.
137  */
138 static int test_flag = 0;
139 
140 /* Flag indicating that the daemon is being started from inetd. */
141 static int inetd_flag = 0;
142 
143 /* Flag indicating that sshd should not detach and become a daemon. */
144 static int no_daemon_flag = 0;
145 
146 /* debug goes to stderr unless inetd_flag is set */
147 static int log_stderr = 0;
148 
149 /* Saved arguments to main(). */
150 static char **saved_argv;
151 
152 /* re-exec */
153 static int rexeced_flag = 0;
154 static int rexec_flag = 1;
155 static int rexec_argc = 0;
156 static char **rexec_argv;
157 
158 /*
159  * The sockets that the server is listening; this is used in the SIGHUP
160  * signal handler.
161  */
162 #define	MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS	16
163 static int listen_socks[MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS];
164 static int num_listen_socks = 0;
165 
166 /* Daemon's agent connection */
167 int auth_sock = -1;
168 static int have_agent = 0;
169 
170 /*
171  * Any really sensitive data in the application is contained in this
172  * structure. The idea is that this structure could be locked into memory so
173  * that the pages do not get written into swap.  However, there are some
174  * problems. The private key contains BIGNUMs, and we do not (in principle)
175  * have access to the internals of them, and locking just the structure is
176  * not very useful.  Currently, memory locking is not implemented.
177  */
178 struct {
179 	struct sshkey	**host_keys;		/* all private host keys */
180 	struct sshkey	**host_pubkeys;		/* all public host keys */
181 	struct sshkey	**host_certificates;	/* all public host certificates */
182 	int		have_ssh2_key;
183 } sensitive_data;
184 
185 /* This is set to true when a signal is received. */
186 static volatile sig_atomic_t received_sighup = 0;
187 static volatile sig_atomic_t received_sigterm = 0;
188 
189 /* session identifier, used by RSA-auth */
190 u_char session_id[16];
191 
192 /* same for ssh2 */
193 u_char *session_id2 = NULL;
194 u_int session_id2_len = 0;
195 
196 /* record remote hostname or ip */
197 u_int utmp_len = HOST_NAME_MAX+1;
198 
199 /*
200  * startup_pipes/flags are used for tracking children of the listening sshd
201  * process early in their lifespans. This tracking is needed for three things:
202  *
203  * 1) Implementing the MaxStartups limit of concurrent unauthenticated
204  *    connections.
205  * 2) Avoiding a race condition for SIGHUP processing, where child processes
206  *    may have listen_socks open that could collide with main listener process
207  *    after it restarts.
208  * 3) Ensuring that rexec'd sshd processes have received their initial state
209  *    from the parent listen process before handling SIGHUP.
210  *
211  * Child processes signal that they have completed closure of the listen_socks
212  * and (if applicable) received their rexec state by sending a char over their
213  * sock. Child processes signal that authentication has completed by closing
214  * the sock (or by exiting).
215  */
216 static int *startup_pipes = NULL;
217 static int *startup_flags = NULL;	/* Indicates child closed listener */
218 static int startup_pipe = -1;		/* in child */
219 
220 /* variables used for privilege separation */
221 int use_privsep = -1;
222 struct monitor *pmonitor = NULL;
223 int privsep_is_preauth = 1;
224 
225 /* global connection state and authentication contexts */
226 Authctxt *the_authctxt = NULL;
227 struct ssh *the_active_state;
228 
229 /* global key/cert auth options. XXX move to permanent ssh->authctxt? */
230 struct sshauthopt *auth_opts = NULL;
231 
232 /* sshd_config buffer */
233 struct sshbuf *cfg;
234 
235 /* Included files from the configuration file */
236 struct include_list includes = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(includes);
237 
238 /* message to be displayed after login */
239 struct sshbuf *loginmsg;
240 
241 /* Prototypes for various functions defined later in this file. */
242 void destroy_sensitive_data(void);
243 void demote_sensitive_data(void);
244 static void do_ssh2_kex(struct ssh *);
245 
246 static char *listener_proctitle;
247 
248 /*
249  * Close all listening sockets
250  */
251 static void
252 close_listen_socks(void)
253 {
254 	int i;
255 
256 	for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
257 		close(listen_socks[i]);
258 	num_listen_socks = -1;
259 }
260 
261 static void
262 close_startup_pipes(void)
263 {
264 	int i;
265 
266 	if (startup_pipes)
267 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
268 			if (startup_pipes[i] != -1)
269 				close(startup_pipes[i]);
270 }
271 
272 /*
273  * Signal handler for SIGHUP.  Sshd execs itself when it receives SIGHUP;
274  * the effect is to reread the configuration file (and to regenerate
275  * the server key).
276  */
277 
278 /*ARGSUSED*/
279 static void
280 sighup_handler(int sig)
281 {
282 	received_sighup = 1;
283 }
284 
285 /*
286  * Called from the main program after receiving SIGHUP.
287  * Restarts the server.
288  */
289 static void
290 sighup_restart(void)
291 {
292 	logit("Received SIGHUP; restarting.");
293 	if (options.pid_file != NULL)
294 		unlink(options.pid_file);
295 	close_listen_socks();
296 	close_startup_pipes();
297 	ssh_signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* will be restored after exec */
298 	execv(saved_argv[0], saved_argv);
299 	logit("RESTART FAILED: av[0]='%.100s', error: %.100s.", saved_argv[0],
300 	    strerror(errno));
301 	exit(1);
302 }
303 
304 /*
305  * Generic signal handler for terminating signals in the master daemon.
306  */
307 /*ARGSUSED*/
308 static void
309 sigterm_handler(int sig)
310 {
311 	received_sigterm = sig;
312 }
313 
314 /*
315  * SIGCHLD handler.  This is called whenever a child dies.  This will then
316  * reap any zombies left by exited children.
317  */
318 /*ARGSUSED*/
319 static void
320 main_sigchld_handler(int sig)
321 {
322 	int save_errno = errno;
323 	pid_t pid;
324 	int status;
325 
326 	debug("main_sigchld_handler: %s", strsignal(sig));
327 
328 	while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0 ||
329 	    (pid == -1 && errno == EINTR))
330 		;
331 	errno = save_errno;
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * Signal handler for the alarm after the login grace period has expired.
336  */
337 /*ARGSUSED*/
338 static void
339 grace_alarm_handler(int sig)
340 {
341 	if (use_privsep && pmonitor != NULL && pmonitor->m_pid > 0)
342 		kill(pmonitor->m_pid, SIGALRM);
343 
344 	/*
345 	 * Try to kill any processes that we have spawned, E.g. authorized
346 	 * keys command helpers.
347 	 */
348 	if (getpgid(0) == getpid()) {
349 		ssh_signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
350 		kill(0, SIGTERM);
351 	}
352 
353 	/* XXX pre-format ipaddr/port so we don't need to access active_state */
354 	/* Log error and exit. */
355 	sigdie("Timeout before authentication for %s port %d",
356 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(the_active_state),
357 	    ssh_remote_port(the_active_state));
358 }
359 
360 /* Destroy the host and server keys.  They will no longer be needed. */
361 void
362 destroy_sensitive_data(void)
363 {
364 	u_int i;
365 
366 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
367 		if (sensitive_data.host_keys[i]) {
368 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]);
369 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = NULL;
370 		}
371 		if (sensitive_data.host_certificates[i]) {
372 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_certificates[i]);
373 			sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] = NULL;
374 		}
375 	}
376 }
377 
378 /* Demote private to public keys for network child */
379 void
380 demote_sensitive_data(void)
381 {
382 	struct sshkey *tmp;
383 	u_int i;
384 	int r;
385 
386 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
387 		if (sensitive_data.host_keys[i]) {
388 			if ((r = sshkey_from_private(
389 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[i], &tmp)) != 0)
390 				fatal("could not demote host %s key: %s",
391 				    sshkey_type(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]),
392 				    ssh_err(r));
393 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]);
394 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = tmp;
395 		}
396 		/* Certs do not need demotion */
397 	}
398 }
399 
400 static void
401 privsep_preauth_child(void)
402 {
403 	gid_t gidset[1];
404 	struct passwd *pw;
405 
406 	/* Enable challenge-response authentication for privilege separation */
407 	privsep_challenge_enable();
408 
409 #ifdef GSSAPI
410 	/* Cache supported mechanism OIDs for later use */
411 	ssh_gssapi_prepare_supported_oids();
412 #endif
413 
414 	/* Demote the private keys to public keys. */
415 	demote_sensitive_data();
416 
417 	/* Demote the child */
418 	if (getuid() == 0 || geteuid() == 0) {
419 		if ((pw = getpwnam(SSH_PRIVSEP_USER)) == NULL)
420 			fatal("Privilege separation user %s does not exist",
421 			    SSH_PRIVSEP_USER);
422 		pw = pwcopy(pw); /* Ensure mutable */
423 		endpwent();
424 		freezero(pw->pw_passwd, strlen(pw->pw_passwd));
425 
426 		/* Change our root directory */
427 		if (chroot(_PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR) == -1)
428 			fatal("chroot(\"%s\"): %s", _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR,
429 			    strerror(errno));
430 		if (chdir("/") == -1)
431 			fatal("chdir(\"/\"): %s", strerror(errno));
432 
433 		/*
434 		 * Drop our privileges
435 		 * NB. Can't use setusercontext() after chroot.
436 		 */
437 		debug3("privsep user:group %u:%u", (u_int)pw->pw_uid,
438 		    (u_int)pw->pw_gid);
439 		gidset[0] = pw->pw_gid;
440 		if (setgroups(1, gidset) == -1)
441 			fatal("setgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
442 		permanently_set_uid(pw);
443 	}
444 }
445 
446 static int
447 privsep_preauth(struct ssh *ssh)
448 {
449 	int status, r;
450 	pid_t pid;
451 	struct ssh_sandbox *box = NULL;
452 
453 	/* Set up unprivileged child process to deal with network data */
454 	pmonitor = monitor_init();
455 	/* Store a pointer to the kex for later rekeying */
456 	pmonitor->m_pkex = &ssh->kex;
457 
458 	if (use_privsep == PRIVSEP_ON)
459 		box = ssh_sandbox_init();
460 	pid = fork();
461 	if (pid == -1) {
462 		fatal("fork of unprivileged child failed");
463 	} else if (pid != 0) {
464 		debug2("Network child is on pid %ld", (long)pid);
465 
466 		pmonitor->m_pid = pid;
467 		if (have_agent) {
468 			r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&auth_sock);
469 			if (r != 0) {
470 				error("Could not get agent socket: %s",
471 				    ssh_err(r));
472 				have_agent = 0;
473 			}
474 		}
475 		if (box != NULL)
476 			ssh_sandbox_parent_preauth(box, pid);
477 		monitor_child_preauth(ssh, pmonitor);
478 
479 		/* Wait for the child's exit status */
480 		while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
481 			if (errno == EINTR)
482 				continue;
483 			pmonitor->m_pid = -1;
484 			fatal("%s: waitpid: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
485 		}
486 		privsep_is_preauth = 0;
487 		pmonitor->m_pid = -1;
488 		if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
489 			if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
490 				fatal("%s: preauth child exited with status %d",
491 				    __func__, WEXITSTATUS(status));
492 		} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
493 			fatal("%s: preauth child terminated by signal %d",
494 			    __func__, WTERMSIG(status));
495 		if (box != NULL)
496 			ssh_sandbox_parent_finish(box);
497 		return 1;
498 	} else {
499 		/* child */
500 		close(pmonitor->m_sendfd);
501 		close(pmonitor->m_log_recvfd);
502 
503 		/* Arrange for logging to be sent to the monitor */
504 		set_log_handler(mm_log_handler, pmonitor);
505 
506 		privsep_preauth_child();
507 		setproctitle("%s", "[net]");
508 		if (box != NULL)
509 			ssh_sandbox_child(box);
510 
511 		return 0;
512 	}
513 }
514 
515 static void
516 privsep_postauth(struct ssh *ssh, Authctxt *authctxt)
517 {
518 	if (authctxt->pw->pw_uid == 0) {
519 		/* File descriptor passing is broken or root login */
520 		use_privsep = 0;
521 		goto skip;
522 	}
523 
524 	/* New socket pair */
525 	monitor_reinit(pmonitor);
526 
527 	pmonitor->m_pid = fork();
528 	if (pmonitor->m_pid == -1)
529 		fatal("fork of unprivileged child failed");
530 	else if (pmonitor->m_pid != 0) {
531 		verbose("User child is on pid %ld", (long)pmonitor->m_pid);
532 		sshbuf_reset(loginmsg);
533 		monitor_clear_keystate(ssh, pmonitor);
534 		monitor_child_postauth(ssh, pmonitor);
535 
536 		/* NEVERREACHED */
537 		exit(0);
538 	}
539 
540 	/* child */
541 
542 	close(pmonitor->m_sendfd);
543 	pmonitor->m_sendfd = -1;
544 
545 	/* Demote the private keys to public keys. */
546 	demote_sensitive_data();
547 
548 	/* Drop privileges */
549 	do_setusercontext(authctxt->pw);
550 
551  skip:
552 	/* It is safe now to apply the key state */
553 	monitor_apply_keystate(ssh, pmonitor);
554 
555 	/*
556 	 * Tell the packet layer that authentication was successful, since
557 	 * this information is not part of the key state.
558 	 */
559 	ssh_packet_set_authenticated(ssh);
560 }
561 
562 static void
563 append_hostkey_type(struct sshbuf *b, const char *s)
564 {
565 	int r;
566 
567 	if (match_pattern_list(s, options.hostkeyalgorithms, 0) != 1) {
568 		debug3("%s: %s key not permitted by HostkeyAlgorithms",
569 		    __func__, s);
570 		return;
571 	}
572 	if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s%s", sshbuf_len(b) > 0 ? "," : "", s)) != 0)
573 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_putf: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
574 }
575 
576 static char *
577 list_hostkey_types(void)
578 {
579 	struct sshbuf *b;
580 	struct sshkey *key;
581 	char *ret;
582 	u_int i;
583 
584 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
585 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
586 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
587 		key = sensitive_data.host_keys[i];
588 		if (key == NULL)
589 			key = sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i];
590 		if (key == NULL)
591 			continue;
592 		switch (key->type) {
593 		case KEY_RSA:
594 			/* for RSA we also support SHA2 signatures */
595 			append_hostkey_type(b, "rsa-sha2-512");
596 			append_hostkey_type(b, "rsa-sha2-256");
597 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
598 		case KEY_DSA:
599 		case KEY_ECDSA:
600 		case KEY_ED25519:
601 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
602 		case KEY_ED25519_SK:
603 		case KEY_XMSS:
604 			append_hostkey_type(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key));
605 			break;
606 		}
607 		/* If the private key has a cert peer, then list that too */
608 		key = sensitive_data.host_certificates[i];
609 		if (key == NULL)
610 			continue;
611 		switch (key->type) {
612 		case KEY_RSA_CERT:
613 			/* for RSA we also support SHA2 signatures */
614 			append_hostkey_type(b,
615 			    "rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com");
616 			append_hostkey_type(b,
617 			    "rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com");
618 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
619 		case KEY_DSA_CERT:
620 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
621 		case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
622 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
623 		case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
624 		case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
625 			append_hostkey_type(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key));
626 			break;
627 		}
628 	}
629 	if ((ret = sshbuf_dup_string(b)) == NULL)
630 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_dup_string failed", __func__);
631 	sshbuf_free(b);
632 	debug("%s: %s", __func__, ret);
633 	return ret;
634 }
635 
636 static struct sshkey *
637 get_hostkey_by_type(int type, int nid, int need_private, struct ssh *ssh)
638 {
639 	u_int i;
640 	struct sshkey *key;
641 
642 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
643 		switch (type) {
644 		case KEY_RSA_CERT:
645 		case KEY_DSA_CERT:
646 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
647 		case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
648 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
649 		case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
650 		case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
651 			key = sensitive_data.host_certificates[i];
652 			break;
653 		default:
654 			key = sensitive_data.host_keys[i];
655 			if (key == NULL && !need_private)
656 				key = sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i];
657 			break;
658 		}
659 		if (key == NULL || key->type != type)
660 			continue;
661 		switch (type) {
662 		case KEY_ECDSA:
663 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
664 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
665 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
666 			if (key->ecdsa_nid != nid)
667 				continue;
668 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
669 		default:
670 			return need_private ?
671 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[i] : key;
672 		}
673 	}
674 	return NULL;
675 }
676 
677 struct sshkey *
678 get_hostkey_public_by_type(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
679 {
680 	return get_hostkey_by_type(type, nid, 0, ssh);
681 }
682 
683 struct sshkey *
684 get_hostkey_private_by_type(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
685 {
686 	return get_hostkey_by_type(type, nid, 1, ssh);
687 }
688 
689 struct sshkey *
690 get_hostkey_by_index(int ind)
691 {
692 	if (ind < 0 || (u_int)ind >= options.num_host_key_files)
693 		return (NULL);
694 	return (sensitive_data.host_keys[ind]);
695 }
696 
697 struct sshkey *
698 get_hostkey_public_by_index(int ind, struct ssh *ssh)
699 {
700 	if (ind < 0 || (u_int)ind >= options.num_host_key_files)
701 		return (NULL);
702 	return (sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[ind]);
703 }
704 
705 int
706 get_hostkey_index(struct sshkey *key, int compare, struct ssh *ssh)
707 {
708 	u_int i;
709 
710 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
711 		if (sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
712 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] ||
713 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] &&
714 			    sshkey_equal(key,
715 			    sensitive_data.host_certificates[i])))
716 				return (i);
717 		} else {
718 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_keys[i] ||
719 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_keys[i] &&
720 			    sshkey_equal(key, sensitive_data.host_keys[i])))
721 				return (i);
722 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] ||
723 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] &&
724 			    sshkey_equal(key, sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i])))
725 				return (i);
726 		}
727 	}
728 	return (-1);
729 }
730 
731 /* Inform the client of all hostkeys */
732 static void
733 notify_hostkeys(struct ssh *ssh)
734 {
735 	struct sshbuf *buf;
736 	struct sshkey *key;
737 	u_int i, nkeys;
738 	int r;
739 	char *fp;
740 
741 	/* Some clients cannot cope with the hostkeys message, skip those. */
742 	if (ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_HOSTKEYS)
743 		return;
744 
745 	if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
746 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new", __func__);
747 	for (i = nkeys = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
748 		key = get_hostkey_public_by_index(i, ssh);
749 		if (key == NULL || key->type == KEY_UNSPEC ||
750 		    sshkey_is_cert(key))
751 			continue;
752 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
753 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
754 		debug3("%s: key %d: %s %s", __func__, i,
755 		    sshkey_ssh_name(key), fp);
756 		free(fp);
757 		if (nkeys == 0) {
758 			/*
759 			 * Start building the request when we find the
760 			 * first usable key.
761 			 */
762 			if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
763 			    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "hostkeys-00@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
764 			    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 0)) != 0) /* want reply */
765 				sshpkt_fatal(ssh, r, "%s: start request", __func__);
766 		}
767 		/* Append the key to the request */
768 		sshbuf_reset(buf);
769 		if ((r = sshkey_putb(key, buf)) != 0)
770 			fatal("%s: couldn't put hostkey %d: %s",
771 			    __func__, i, ssh_err(r));
772 		if ((r = sshpkt_put_stringb(ssh, buf)) != 0)
773 			sshpkt_fatal(ssh, r, "%s: append key", __func__);
774 		nkeys++;
775 	}
776 	debug3("%s: sent %u hostkeys", __func__, nkeys);
777 	if (nkeys == 0)
778 		fatal("%s: no hostkeys", __func__);
779 	if ((r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
780 		sshpkt_fatal(ssh, r, "%s: send", __func__);
781 	sshbuf_free(buf);
782 }
783 
784 /*
785  * returns 1 if connection should be dropped, 0 otherwise.
786  * dropping starts at connection #max_startups_begin with a probability
787  * of (max_startups_rate/100). the probability increases linearly until
788  * all connections are dropped for startups > max_startups
789  */
790 static int
791 should_drop_connection(int startups)
792 {
793 	int p, r;
794 
795 	if (startups < options.max_startups_begin)
796 		return 0;
797 	if (startups >= options.max_startups)
798 		return 1;
799 	if (options.max_startups_rate == 100)
800 		return 1;
801 
802 	p  = 100 - options.max_startups_rate;
803 	p *= startups - options.max_startups_begin;
804 	p /= options.max_startups - options.max_startups_begin;
805 	p += options.max_startups_rate;
806 	r = arc4random_uniform(100);
807 
808 	debug("%s: p %d, r %d", __func__, p, r);
809 	return (r < p) ? 1 : 0;
810 }
811 
812 /*
813  * Check whether connection should be accepted by MaxStartups.
814  * Returns 0 if the connection is accepted. If the connection is refused,
815  * returns 1 and attempts to send notification to client.
816  * Logs when the MaxStartups condition is entered or exited, and periodically
817  * while in that state.
818  */
819 static int
820 drop_connection(int sock, int startups)
821 {
822 	char *laddr, *raddr;
823 	const char msg[] = "Exceeded MaxStartups\r\n";
824 	static time_t last_drop, first_drop;
825 	static u_int ndropped;
826 	LogLevel drop_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE;
827 	time_t now;
828 
829 	now = monotime();
830 	if (!should_drop_connection(startups)) {
831 		if (last_drop != 0 &&
832 		    startups < options.max_startups_begin - 1) {
833 			/* XXX maybe need better hysteresis here */
834 			logit("exited MaxStartups throttling after %s, "
835 			    "%u connections dropped",
836 			    fmt_timeframe(now - first_drop), ndropped);
837 			last_drop = 0;
838 		}
839 		return 0;
840 	}
841 
842 #define SSHD_MAXSTARTUPS_LOG_INTERVAL	(5 * 60)
843 	if (last_drop == 0) {
844 		error("beginning MaxStartups throttling");
845 		drop_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
846 		first_drop = now;
847 		ndropped = 0;
848 	} else if (last_drop + SSHD_MAXSTARTUPS_LOG_INTERVAL < now) {
849 		/* Periodic logs */
850 		error("in MaxStartups throttling for %s, "
851 		    "%u connections dropped",
852 		    fmt_timeframe(now - first_drop), ndropped + 1);
853 		drop_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
854 	}
855 	last_drop = now;
856 	ndropped++;
857 
858 	laddr = get_local_ipaddr(sock);
859 	raddr = get_peer_ipaddr(sock);
860 	do_log2(drop_level, "drop connection #%d from [%s]:%d on [%s]:%d "
861 	    "past MaxStartups", startups, raddr, get_peer_port(sock),
862 	    laddr, get_local_port(sock));
863 	free(laddr);
864 	free(raddr);
865 	/* best-effort notification to client */
866 	(void)write(sock, msg, sizeof(msg) - 1);
867 	return 1;
868 }
869 
870 static void
871 usage(void)
872 {
873 	fprintf(stderr, "%s, %s\n",
874 	    SSH_VERSION,
875 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
876 	    OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION)
877 #else
878 	    "without OpenSSL"
879 #endif
880 	);
881 	fprintf(stderr,
882 "usage: sshd [-46DdeiqTt] [-C connection_spec] [-c host_cert_file]\n"
883 "            [-E log_file] [-f config_file] [-g login_grace_time]\n"
884 "            [-h host_key_file] [-o option] [-p port] [-u len]\n"
885 	);
886 	exit(1);
887 }
888 
889 static void
890 send_rexec_state(int fd, struct sshbuf *conf)
891 {
892 	struct sshbuf *m = NULL, *inc = NULL;
893 	struct include_item *item = NULL;
894 	int r;
895 
896 	debug3("%s: entering fd = %d config len %zu", __func__, fd,
897 	    sshbuf_len(conf));
898 
899 	if ((m = sshbuf_new()) == NULL || (inc = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
900 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
901 
902 	/* pack includes into a string */
903 	TAILQ_FOREACH(item, &includes, entry) {
904 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(inc, item->selector)) != 0 ||
905 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(inc, item->filename)) != 0 ||
906 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(inc, item->contents)) != 0)
907 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
908 	}
909 
910 	/*
911 	 * Protocol from reexec master to child:
912 	 *	string	configuration
913 	 *	string	included_files[] {
914 	 *		string	selector
915 	 *		string	filename
916 	 *		string	contents
917 	 *	}
918 	 */
919 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(m, conf)) != 0 ||
920 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(m, inc)) != 0)
921 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
922 	if (ssh_msg_send(fd, 0, m) == -1)
923 		error("%s: ssh_msg_send failed", __func__);
924 
925 	sshbuf_free(m);
926 	sshbuf_free(inc);
927 
928 	debug3("%s: done", __func__);
929 }
930 
931 static void
932 recv_rexec_state(int fd, struct sshbuf *conf)
933 {
934 	struct sshbuf *m, *inc;
935 	u_char *cp, ver;
936 	size_t len;
937 	int r;
938 	struct include_item *item;
939 
940 	debug3("%s: entering fd = %d", __func__, fd);
941 
942 	if ((m = sshbuf_new()) == NULL || (inc = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
943 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
944 	if (ssh_msg_recv(fd, m) == -1)
945 		fatal("%s: ssh_msg_recv failed", __func__);
946 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(m, &ver)) != 0)
947 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
948 	if (ver != 0)
949 		fatal("%s: rexec version mismatch", __func__);
950 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(m, &cp, &len)) != 0 ||
951 	    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(m, inc)) != 0)
952 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
953 
954 	if (conf != NULL && (r = sshbuf_put(conf, cp, len)))
955 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
956 
957 	while (sshbuf_len(inc) != 0) {
958 		item = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*item));
959 		if ((item->contents = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
960 			fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
961 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(inc, &item->selector, NULL)) != 0 ||
962 		    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(inc, &item->filename, NULL)) != 0 ||
963 		    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(inc, item->contents)) != 0)
964 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
965 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&includes, item, entry);
966 	}
967 
968 	free(cp);
969 	sshbuf_free(m);
970 
971 	debug3("%s: done", __func__);
972 }
973 
974 /* Accept a connection from inetd */
975 static void
976 server_accept_inetd(int *sock_in, int *sock_out)
977 {
978 	int fd;
979 
980 	if (rexeced_flag) {
981 		close(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
982 		*sock_in = *sock_out = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
983 	} else {
984 		*sock_in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
985 		*sock_out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO);
986 	}
987 	/*
988 	 * We intentionally do not close the descriptors 0, 1, and 2
989 	 * as our code for setting the descriptors won't work if
990 	 * ttyfd happens to be one of those.
991 	 */
992 	if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR, 0)) != -1) {
993 		dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
994 		dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
995 		if (!log_stderr)
996 			dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
997 		if (fd > (log_stderr ? STDERR_FILENO : STDOUT_FILENO))
998 			close(fd);
999 	}
1000 	debug("inetd sockets after dupping: %d, %d", *sock_in, *sock_out);
1001 }
1002 
1003 /*
1004  * Listen for TCP connections
1005  */
1006 static void
1007 listen_on_addrs(struct listenaddr *la)
1008 {
1009 	int ret, listen_sock;
1010 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1011 	char ntop[NI_MAXHOST], strport[NI_MAXSERV];
1012 
1013 	for (ai = la->addrs; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
1014 		if (ai->ai_family != AF_INET && ai->ai_family != AF_INET6)
1015 			continue;
1016 		if (num_listen_socks >= MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS)
1017 			fatal("Too many listen sockets. "
1018 			    "Enlarge MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS");
1019 		if ((ret = getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen,
1020 		    ntop, sizeof(ntop), strport, sizeof(strport),
1021 		    NI_NUMERICHOST|NI_NUMERICSERV)) != 0) {
1022 			error("getnameinfo failed: %.100s",
1023 			    ssh_gai_strerror(ret));
1024 			continue;
1025 		}
1026 		/* Create socket for listening. */
1027 		listen_sock = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype,
1028 		    ai->ai_protocol);
1029 		if (listen_sock == -1) {
1030 			/* kernel may not support ipv6 */
1031 			verbose("socket: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1032 			continue;
1033 		}
1034 		if (set_nonblock(listen_sock) == -1) {
1035 			close(listen_sock);
1036 			continue;
1037 		}
1038 		if (fcntl(listen_sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
1039 			verbose("socket: CLOEXEC: %s", strerror(errno));
1040 			close(listen_sock);
1041 			continue;
1042 		}
1043 		/* Socket options */
1044 		set_reuseaddr(listen_sock);
1045 		if (la->rdomain != NULL &&
1046 		    set_rdomain(listen_sock, la->rdomain) == -1) {
1047 			close(listen_sock);
1048 			continue;
1049 		}
1050 
1051 		debug("Bind to port %s on %s.", strport, ntop);
1052 
1053 		/* Bind the socket to the desired port. */
1054 		if (bind(listen_sock, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen) == -1) {
1055 			error("Bind to port %s on %s failed: %.200s.",
1056 			    strport, ntop, strerror(errno));
1057 			close(listen_sock);
1058 			continue;
1059 		}
1060 		listen_socks[num_listen_socks] = listen_sock;
1061 		num_listen_socks++;
1062 
1063 		/* Start listening on the port. */
1064 		if (listen(listen_sock, SSH_LISTEN_BACKLOG) == -1)
1065 			fatal("listen on [%s]:%s: %.100s",
1066 			    ntop, strport, strerror(errno));
1067 		logit("Server listening on %s port %s%s%s.",
1068 		    ntop, strport,
1069 		    la->rdomain == NULL ? "" : " rdomain ",
1070 		    la->rdomain == NULL ? "" : la->rdomain);
1071 	}
1072 }
1073 
1074 static void
1075 server_listen(void)
1076 {
1077 	u_int i;
1078 
1079 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_listen_addrs; i++) {
1080 		listen_on_addrs(&options.listen_addrs[i]);
1081 		freeaddrinfo(options.listen_addrs[i].addrs);
1082 		free(options.listen_addrs[i].rdomain);
1083 		memset(&options.listen_addrs[i], 0,
1084 		    sizeof(options.listen_addrs[i]));
1085 	}
1086 	free(options.listen_addrs);
1087 	options.listen_addrs = NULL;
1088 	options.num_listen_addrs = 0;
1089 
1090 	if (!num_listen_socks)
1091 		fatal("Cannot bind any address.");
1092 }
1093 
1094 /*
1095  * The main TCP accept loop. Note that, for the non-debug case, returns
1096  * from this function are in a forked subprocess.
1097  */
1098 static void
1099 server_accept_loop(int *sock_in, int *sock_out, int *newsock, int *config_s)
1100 {
1101 	fd_set *fdset;
1102 	int i, j, ret, maxfd;
1103 	int ostartups = -1, startups = 0, listening = 0, lameduck = 0;
1104 	int startup_p[2] = { -1 , -1 };
1105 	char c = 0;
1106 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
1107 	socklen_t fromlen;
1108 	pid_t pid;
1109 
1110 	/* setup fd set for accept */
1111 	fdset = NULL;
1112 	maxfd = 0;
1113 	for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
1114 		if (listen_socks[i] > maxfd)
1115 			maxfd = listen_socks[i];
1116 	/* pipes connected to unauthenticated child sshd processes */
1117 	startup_pipes = xcalloc(options.max_startups, sizeof(int));
1118 	startup_flags = xcalloc(options.max_startups, sizeof(int));
1119 	for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
1120 		startup_pipes[i] = -1;
1121 
1122 	/*
1123 	 * Stay listening for connections until the system crashes or
1124 	 * the daemon is killed with a signal.
1125 	 */
1126 	for (;;) {
1127 		if (ostartups != startups) {
1128 			setproctitle("%s [listener] %d of %d-%d startups",
1129 			    listener_proctitle, startups,
1130 			    options.max_startups_begin, options.max_startups);
1131 			ostartups = startups;
1132 		}
1133 		if (received_sighup) {
1134 			if (!lameduck) {
1135 				debug("Received SIGHUP; waiting for children");
1136 				close_listen_socks();
1137 				lameduck = 1;
1138 			}
1139 			if (listening <= 0)
1140 				sighup_restart();
1141 		}
1142 		free(fdset);
1143 		fdset = xcalloc(howmany(maxfd + 1, NFDBITS),
1144 		    sizeof(fd_mask));
1145 
1146 		for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
1147 			FD_SET(listen_socks[i], fdset);
1148 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
1149 			if (startup_pipes[i] != -1)
1150 				FD_SET(startup_pipes[i], fdset);
1151 
1152 		/* Wait in select until there is a connection. */
1153 		ret = select(maxfd+1, fdset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1154 		if (ret == -1 && errno != EINTR)
1155 			error("select: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1156 		if (received_sigterm) {
1157 			logit("Received signal %d; terminating.",
1158 			    (int) received_sigterm);
1159 			close_listen_socks();
1160 			if (options.pid_file != NULL)
1161 				unlink(options.pid_file);
1162 			exit(received_sigterm == SIGTERM ? 0 : 255);
1163 		}
1164 		if (ret == -1)
1165 			continue;
1166 
1167 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++) {
1168 			if (startup_pipes[i] == -1 ||
1169 			    !FD_ISSET(startup_pipes[i], fdset))
1170 				continue;
1171 			switch (read(startup_pipes[i], &c, sizeof(c))) {
1172 			case -1:
1173 				if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
1174 					continue;
1175 				if (errno != EPIPE) {
1176 					error("%s: startup pipe %d (fd=%d): "
1177 					    "read %s", __func__, i,
1178 					    startup_pipes[i], strerror(errno));
1179 				}
1180 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
1181 			case 0:
1182 				/* child exited or completed auth */
1183 				close(startup_pipes[i]);
1184 				startup_pipes[i] = -1;
1185 				startups--;
1186 				if (startup_flags[i])
1187 					listening--;
1188 				break;
1189 			case 1:
1190 				/* child has finished preliminaries */
1191 				if (startup_flags[i]) {
1192 					listening--;
1193 					startup_flags[i] = 0;
1194 				}
1195 				break;
1196 			}
1197 		}
1198 		for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++) {
1199 			if (!FD_ISSET(listen_socks[i], fdset))
1200 				continue;
1201 			fromlen = sizeof(from);
1202 			*newsock = accept(listen_socks[i],
1203 			    (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen);
1204 			if (*newsock == -1) {
1205 				if (errno != EINTR && errno != EWOULDBLOCK &&
1206 				    errno != ECONNABORTED)
1207 					error("accept: %.100s",
1208 					    strerror(errno));
1209 				if (errno == EMFILE || errno == ENFILE)
1210 					usleep(100 * 1000);
1211 				continue;
1212 			}
1213 			if (unset_nonblock(*newsock) == -1 ||
1214 			    drop_connection(*newsock, startups) ||
1215 			    pipe(startup_p) == -1) {
1216 				close(*newsock);
1217 				continue;
1218 			}
1219 
1220 			if (rexec_flag && socketpair(AF_UNIX,
1221 			    SOCK_STREAM, 0, config_s) == -1) {
1222 				error("reexec socketpair: %s",
1223 				    strerror(errno));
1224 				close(*newsock);
1225 				close(startup_p[0]);
1226 				close(startup_p[1]);
1227 				continue;
1228 			}
1229 
1230 			for (j = 0; j < options.max_startups; j++)
1231 				if (startup_pipes[j] == -1) {
1232 					startup_pipes[j] = startup_p[0];
1233 					if (maxfd < startup_p[0])
1234 						maxfd = startup_p[0];
1235 					startups++;
1236 					startup_flags[j] = 1;
1237 					break;
1238 				}
1239 
1240 			/*
1241 			 * Got connection.  Fork a child to handle it, unless
1242 			 * we are in debugging mode.
1243 			 */
1244 			if (debug_flag) {
1245 				/*
1246 				 * In debugging mode.  Close the listening
1247 				 * socket, and start processing the
1248 				 * connection without forking.
1249 				 */
1250 				debug("Server will not fork when running in debugging mode.");
1251 				close_listen_socks();
1252 				*sock_in = *newsock;
1253 				*sock_out = *newsock;
1254 				close(startup_p[0]);
1255 				close(startup_p[1]);
1256 				startup_pipe = -1;
1257 				pid = getpid();
1258 				if (rexec_flag) {
1259 					send_rexec_state(config_s[0], cfg);
1260 					close(config_s[0]);
1261 				}
1262 				return;
1263 			}
1264 
1265 			/*
1266 			 * Normal production daemon.  Fork, and have
1267 			 * the child process the connection. The
1268 			 * parent continues listening.
1269 			 */
1270 			listening++;
1271 			if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1272 				/*
1273 				 * Child.  Close the listening and
1274 				 * max_startup sockets.  Start using
1275 				 * the accepted socket. Reinitialize
1276 				 * logging (since our pid has changed).
1277 				 * We return from this function to handle
1278 				 * the connection.
1279 				 */
1280 				startup_pipe = startup_p[1];
1281 				close_startup_pipes();
1282 				close_listen_socks();
1283 				*sock_in = *newsock;
1284 				*sock_out = *newsock;
1285 				log_init(__progname,
1286 				    options.log_level,
1287 				    options.log_facility,
1288 				    log_stderr);
1289 				if (rexec_flag)
1290 					close(config_s[0]);
1291 				else {
1292 					/*
1293 					 * Signal parent that the preliminaries
1294 					 * for this child are complete. For the
1295 					 * re-exec case, this happens after the
1296 					 * child has received the rexec state
1297 					 * from the server.
1298 					 */
1299 					(void)atomicio(vwrite, startup_pipe,
1300 					    "\0", 1);
1301 				}
1302 				return;
1303 			}
1304 
1305 			/* Parent.  Stay in the loop. */
1306 			if (pid == -1)
1307 				error("fork: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1308 			else
1309 				debug("Forked child %ld.", (long)pid);
1310 
1311 			close(startup_p[1]);
1312 
1313 			if (rexec_flag) {
1314 				close(config_s[1]);
1315 				send_rexec_state(config_s[0], cfg);
1316 				close(config_s[0]);
1317 			}
1318 			close(*newsock);
1319 		}
1320 	}
1321 }
1322 
1323 /*
1324  * If IP options are supported, make sure there are none (log and
1325  * return an error if any are found).  Basically we are worried about
1326  * source routing; it can be used to pretend you are somebody
1327  * (ip-address) you are not. That itself may be "almost acceptable"
1328  * under certain circumstances, but rhosts authentication is useless
1329  * if source routing is accepted. Notice also that if we just dropped
1330  * source routing here, the other side could use IP spoofing to do
1331  * rest of the interaction and could still bypass security.  So we
1332  * exit here if we detect any IP options.
1333  */
1334 static void
1335 check_ip_options(struct ssh *ssh)
1336 {
1337 	int sock_in = ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh);
1338 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
1339 	u_char opts[200];
1340 	socklen_t i, option_size = sizeof(opts), fromlen = sizeof(from);
1341 	char text[sizeof(opts) * 3 + 1];
1342 
1343 	memset(&from, 0, sizeof(from));
1344 	if (getpeername(sock_in, (struct sockaddr *)&from,
1345 	    &fromlen) == -1)
1346 		return;
1347 	if (from.ss_family != AF_INET)
1348 		return;
1349 	/* XXX IPv6 options? */
1350 
1351 	if (getsockopt(sock_in, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, opts,
1352 	    &option_size) >= 0 && option_size != 0) {
1353 		text[0] = '\0';
1354 		for (i = 0; i < option_size; i++)
1355 			snprintf(text + i*3, sizeof(text) - i*3,
1356 			    " %2.2x", opts[i]);
1357 		fatal("Connection from %.100s port %d with IP opts: %.800s",
1358 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh), text);
1359 	}
1360 	return;
1361 }
1362 
1363 /* Set the routing domain for this process */
1364 static void
1365 set_process_rdomain(struct ssh *ssh, const char *name)
1366 {
1367 	int rtable, ortable = getrtable();
1368 	const char *errstr;
1369 
1370 	if (name == NULL)
1371 		return; /* default */
1372 
1373 	if (strcmp(name, "%D") == 0) {
1374 		/* "expands" to routing domain of connection */
1375 		if ((name = ssh_packet_rdomain_in(ssh)) == NULL)
1376 			return;
1377 	}
1378 
1379 	rtable = (int)strtonum(name, 0, 255, &errstr);
1380 	if (errstr != NULL) /* Shouldn't happen */
1381 		fatal("Invalid routing domain \"%s\": %s", name, errstr);
1382 	if (rtable != ortable && setrtable(rtable) != 0)
1383 		fatal("Unable to set routing domain %d: %s",
1384 		    rtable, strerror(errno));
1385 	debug("%s: set routing domain %d (was %d)", __func__, rtable, ortable);
1386 }
1387 
1388 static void
1389 accumulate_host_timing_secret(struct sshbuf *server_cfg,
1390     struct sshkey *key)
1391 {
1392 	static struct ssh_digest_ctx *ctx;
1393 	u_char *hash;
1394 	size_t len;
1395 	struct sshbuf *buf;
1396 	int r;
1397 
1398 	if (ctx == NULL && (ctx = ssh_digest_start(SSH_DIGEST_SHA512)) == NULL)
1399 		fatal("%s: ssh_digest_start", __func__);
1400 	if (key == NULL) { /* finalize */
1401 		/* add server config in case we are using agent for host keys */
1402 		if (ssh_digest_update(ctx, sshbuf_ptr(server_cfg),
1403 		    sshbuf_len(server_cfg)) != 0)
1404 			fatal("%s: ssh_digest_update", __func__);
1405 		len = ssh_digest_bytes(SSH_DIGEST_SHA512);
1406 		hash = xmalloc(len);
1407 		if (ssh_digest_final(ctx, hash, len) != 0)
1408 			fatal("%s: ssh_digest_final", __func__);
1409 		options.timing_secret = PEEK_U64(hash);
1410 		freezero(hash, len);
1411 		ssh_digest_free(ctx);
1412 		ctx = NULL;
1413 		return;
1414 	}
1415 	if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1416 		fatal("%s could not allocate buffer", __func__);
1417 	if ((r = sshkey_private_serialize(key, buf)) != 0)
1418 		fatal("sshkey_private_serialize: %s", ssh_err(r));
1419 	if (ssh_digest_update(ctx, sshbuf_ptr(buf), sshbuf_len(buf)) != 0)
1420 		fatal("%s: ssh_digest_update", __func__);
1421 	sshbuf_reset(buf);
1422 	sshbuf_free(buf);
1423 }
1424 
1425 static char *
1426 prepare_proctitle(int ac, char **av)
1427 {
1428 	char *ret = NULL;
1429 	int i;
1430 
1431 	for (i = 0; i < ac; i++)
1432 		xextendf(&ret, " ", "%s", av[i]);
1433 	return ret;
1434 }
1435 
1436 /*
1437  * Main program for the daemon.
1438  */
1439 int
1440 main(int ac, char **av)
1441 {
1442 	struct ssh *ssh = NULL;
1443 	extern char *optarg;
1444 	extern int optind;
1445 	int r, opt, on = 1, already_daemon, remote_port;
1446 	int sock_in = -1, sock_out = -1, newsock = -1;
1447 	const char *remote_ip, *rdomain;
1448 	char *fp, *line, *laddr, *logfile = NULL;
1449 	int config_s[2] = { -1 , -1 };
1450 	u_int i, j;
1451 	u_int64_t ibytes, obytes;
1452 	mode_t new_umask;
1453 	struct sshkey *key;
1454 	struct sshkey *pubkey;
1455 	int keytype;
1456 	Authctxt *authctxt;
1457 	struct connection_info *connection_info = NULL;
1458 
1459 	/* Save argv. */
1460 	saved_argv = av;
1461 	rexec_argc = ac;
1462 
1463 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
1464 	sanitise_stdfd();
1465 
1466 	/* Initialize configuration options to their default values. */
1467 	initialize_server_options(&options);
1468 
1469 	/* Parse command-line arguments. */
1470 	while ((opt = getopt(ac, av,
1471 	    "C:E:b:c:f:g:h:k:o:p:u:46DQRTdeiqrt")) != -1) {
1472 		switch (opt) {
1473 		case '4':
1474 			options.address_family = AF_INET;
1475 			break;
1476 		case '6':
1477 			options.address_family = AF_INET6;
1478 			break;
1479 		case 'f':
1480 			config_file_name = optarg;
1481 			break;
1482 		case 'c':
1483 			servconf_add_hostcert("[command-line]", 0,
1484 			    &options, optarg);
1485 			break;
1486 		case 'd':
1487 			if (debug_flag == 0) {
1488 				debug_flag = 1;
1489 				options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
1490 			} else if (options.log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
1491 				options.log_level++;
1492 			break;
1493 		case 'D':
1494 			no_daemon_flag = 1;
1495 			break;
1496 		case 'E':
1497 			logfile = optarg;
1498 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1499 		case 'e':
1500 			log_stderr = 1;
1501 			break;
1502 		case 'i':
1503 			inetd_flag = 1;
1504 			break;
1505 		case 'r':
1506 			rexec_flag = 0;
1507 			break;
1508 		case 'R':
1509 			rexeced_flag = 1;
1510 			inetd_flag = 1;
1511 			break;
1512 		case 'Q':
1513 			/* ignored */
1514 			break;
1515 		case 'q':
1516 			options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_QUIET;
1517 			break;
1518 		case 'b':
1519 			/* protocol 1, ignored */
1520 			break;
1521 		case 'p':
1522 			options.ports_from_cmdline = 1;
1523 			if (options.num_ports >= MAX_PORTS) {
1524 				fprintf(stderr, "too many ports.\n");
1525 				exit(1);
1526 			}
1527 			options.ports[options.num_ports++] = a2port(optarg);
1528 			if (options.ports[options.num_ports-1] <= 0) {
1529 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad port number.\n");
1530 				exit(1);
1531 			}
1532 			break;
1533 		case 'g':
1534 			if ((options.login_grace_time = convtime(optarg)) == -1) {
1535 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid login grace time.\n");
1536 				exit(1);
1537 			}
1538 			break;
1539 		case 'k':
1540 			/* protocol 1, ignored */
1541 			break;
1542 		case 'h':
1543 			servconf_add_hostkey("[command-line]", 0,
1544 			    &options, optarg, 1);
1545 			break;
1546 		case 't':
1547 			test_flag = 1;
1548 			break;
1549 		case 'T':
1550 			test_flag = 2;
1551 			break;
1552 		case 'C':
1553 			connection_info = get_connection_info(ssh, 0, 0);
1554 			if (parse_server_match_testspec(connection_info,
1555 			    optarg) == -1)
1556 				exit(1);
1557 			break;
1558 		case 'u':
1559 			utmp_len = (u_int)strtonum(optarg, 0, HOST_NAME_MAX+1+1, NULL);
1560 			if (utmp_len > HOST_NAME_MAX+1) {
1561 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid utmp length.\n");
1562 				exit(1);
1563 			}
1564 			break;
1565 		case 'o':
1566 			line = xstrdup(optarg);
1567 			if (process_server_config_line(&options, line,
1568 			    "command-line", 0, NULL, NULL, &includes) != 0)
1569 				exit(1);
1570 			free(line);
1571 			break;
1572 		case '?':
1573 		default:
1574 			usage();
1575 			break;
1576 		}
1577 	}
1578 	if (rexeced_flag || inetd_flag)
1579 		rexec_flag = 0;
1580 	if (!test_flag && rexec_flag && !path_absolute(av[0]))
1581 		fatal("sshd re-exec requires execution with an absolute path");
1582 	if (rexeced_flag)
1583 		closefrom(REEXEC_MIN_FREE_FD);
1584 	else
1585 		closefrom(REEXEC_DEVCRYPTO_RESERVED_FD);
1586 
1587 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1588 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
1589 #endif
1590 
1591 	/* If requested, redirect the logs to the specified logfile. */
1592 	if (logfile != NULL)
1593 		log_redirect_stderr_to(logfile);
1594 	/*
1595 	 * Force logging to stderr until we have loaded the private host
1596 	 * key (unless started from inetd)
1597 	 */
1598 	log_init(__progname,
1599 	    options.log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_NOT_SET ?
1600 	    SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : options.log_level,
1601 	    options.log_facility == SYSLOG_FACILITY_NOT_SET ?
1602 	    SYSLOG_FACILITY_AUTH : options.log_facility,
1603 	    log_stderr || !inetd_flag || debug_flag);
1604 
1605 	sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key = 0;
1606 
1607 	/*
1608 	 * If we're not doing an extended test do not silently ignore connection
1609 	 * test params.
1610 	 */
1611 	if (test_flag < 2 && connection_info != NULL)
1612 		fatal("Config test connection parameter (-C) provided without "
1613 		   "test mode (-T)");
1614 
1615 	/* Fetch our configuration */
1616 	if ((cfg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1617 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
1618 	if (rexeced_flag) {
1619 		setproctitle("%s", "[rexeced]");
1620 		recv_rexec_state(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD, cfg);
1621 		if (!debug_flag) {
1622 			startup_pipe = dup(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1623 			close(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1624 			/*
1625 			 * Signal parent that this child is at a point where
1626 			 * they can go away if they have a SIGHUP pending.
1627 			 */
1628 			(void)atomicio(vwrite, startup_pipe, "\0", 1);
1629 		}
1630 	} else if (strcasecmp(config_file_name, "none") != 0)
1631 		load_server_config(config_file_name, cfg);
1632 
1633 	parse_server_config(&options, rexeced_flag ? "rexec" : config_file_name,
1634 	    cfg, &includes, NULL);
1635 
1636 	/* Fill in default values for those options not explicitly set. */
1637 	fill_default_server_options(&options);
1638 
1639 	/* challenge-response is implemented via keyboard interactive */
1640 	if (options.challenge_response_authentication)
1641 		options.kbd_interactive_authentication = 1;
1642 
1643 	/* Check that options are sensible */
1644 	if (options.authorized_keys_command_user == NULL &&
1645 	    (options.authorized_keys_command != NULL &&
1646 	    strcasecmp(options.authorized_keys_command, "none") != 0))
1647 		fatal("AuthorizedKeysCommand set without "
1648 		    "AuthorizedKeysCommandUser");
1649 	if (options.authorized_principals_command_user == NULL &&
1650 	    (options.authorized_principals_command != NULL &&
1651 	    strcasecmp(options.authorized_principals_command, "none") != 0))
1652 		fatal("AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand set without "
1653 		    "AuthorizedPrincipalsCommandUser");
1654 
1655 	/*
1656 	 * Check whether there is any path through configured auth methods.
1657 	 * Unfortunately it is not possible to verify this generally before
1658 	 * daemonisation in the presence of Match block, but this catches
1659 	 * and warns for trivial misconfigurations that could break login.
1660 	 */
1661 	if (options.num_auth_methods != 0) {
1662 		for (i = 0; i < options.num_auth_methods; i++) {
1663 			if (auth2_methods_valid(options.auth_methods[i],
1664 			    1) == 0)
1665 				break;
1666 		}
1667 		if (i >= options.num_auth_methods)
1668 			fatal("AuthenticationMethods cannot be satisfied by "
1669 			    "enabled authentication methods");
1670 	}
1671 
1672 	/* Check that there are no remaining arguments. */
1673 	if (optind < ac) {
1674 		fprintf(stderr, "Extra argument %s.\n", av[optind]);
1675 		exit(1);
1676 	}
1677 
1678 	debug("sshd version %s, %s", SSH_VERSION,
1679 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1680 	    OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION)
1681 #else
1682 	    "without OpenSSL"
1683 #endif
1684 	);
1685 
1686 	/* load host keys */
1687 	sensitive_data.host_keys = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1688 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1689 	sensitive_data.host_pubkeys = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1690 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1691 
1692 	if (options.host_key_agent) {
1693 		if (strcmp(options.host_key_agent, SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME))
1694 			setenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME,
1695 			    options.host_key_agent, 1);
1696 		if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(NULL)) == 0)
1697 			have_agent = 1;
1698 		else
1699 			error("Could not connect to agent \"%s\": %s",
1700 			    options.host_key_agent, ssh_err(r));
1701 	}
1702 
1703 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
1704 		int ll = options.host_key_file_userprovided[i] ?
1705 		    SYSLOG_LEVEL_ERROR : SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
1706 
1707 		if (options.host_key_files[i] == NULL)
1708 			continue;
1709 		if ((r = sshkey_load_private(options.host_key_files[i], "",
1710 		    &key, NULL)) != 0 && r != SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR)
1711 			do_log2(ll, "Unable to load host key \"%s\": %s",
1712 			    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1713 		if (sshkey_is_sk(key) &&
1714 		    key->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD) {
1715 			debug("host key %s requires user presence, ignoring",
1716 			    options.host_key_files[i]);
1717 			key->sk_flags &= ~SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD;
1718 		}
1719 		if (r == 0 && key != NULL &&
1720 		    (r = sshkey_shield_private(key)) != 0) {
1721 			do_log2(ll, "Unable to shield host key \"%s\": %s",
1722 			    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1723 			sshkey_free(key);
1724 			key = NULL;
1725 		}
1726 		if ((r = sshkey_load_public(options.host_key_files[i],
1727 		    &pubkey, NULL)) != 0 && r != SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR)
1728 			do_log2(ll, "Unable to load host key \"%s\": %s",
1729 			    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1730 		if (pubkey != NULL && key != NULL) {
1731 			if (!sshkey_equal(pubkey, key)) {
1732 				error("Public key for %s does not match "
1733 				    "private key", options.host_key_files[i]);
1734 				sshkey_free(pubkey);
1735 				pubkey = NULL;
1736 			}
1737 		}
1738 		if (pubkey == NULL && key != NULL) {
1739 			if ((r = sshkey_from_private(key, &pubkey)) != 0)
1740 				fatal("Could not demote key: \"%s\": %s",
1741 				    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1742 		}
1743 		sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = key;
1744 		sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] = pubkey;
1745 
1746 		if (key == NULL && pubkey != NULL && have_agent) {
1747 			debug("will rely on agent for hostkey %s",
1748 			    options.host_key_files[i]);
1749 			keytype = pubkey->type;
1750 		} else if (key != NULL) {
1751 			keytype = key->type;
1752 			accumulate_host_timing_secret(cfg, key);
1753 		} else {
1754 			do_log2(ll, "Unable to load host key: %s",
1755 			    options.host_key_files[i]);
1756 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = NULL;
1757 			sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] = NULL;
1758 			continue;
1759 		}
1760 
1761 		switch (keytype) {
1762 		case KEY_RSA:
1763 		case KEY_DSA:
1764 		case KEY_ECDSA:
1765 		case KEY_ED25519:
1766 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
1767 		case KEY_ED25519_SK:
1768 		case KEY_XMSS:
1769 			if (have_agent || key != NULL)
1770 				sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key = 1;
1771 			break;
1772 		}
1773 		if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(pubkey, options.fingerprint_hash,
1774 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
1775 			fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
1776 		debug("%s host key #%d: %s %s",
1777 		    key ? "private" : "agent", i, sshkey_ssh_name(pubkey), fp);
1778 		free(fp);
1779 	}
1780 	accumulate_host_timing_secret(cfg, NULL);
1781 	if (!sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key) {
1782 		logit("sshd: no hostkeys available -- exiting.");
1783 		exit(1);
1784 	}
1785 
1786 	/*
1787 	 * Load certificates. They are stored in an array at identical
1788 	 * indices to the public keys that they relate to.
1789 	 */
1790 	sensitive_data.host_certificates = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1791 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1792 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++)
1793 		sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] = NULL;
1794 
1795 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_cert_files; i++) {
1796 		if (options.host_cert_files[i] == NULL)
1797 			continue;
1798 		if ((r = sshkey_load_public(options.host_cert_files[i],
1799 		    &key, NULL)) != 0) {
1800 			error("Could not load host certificate \"%s\": %s",
1801 			    options.host_cert_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1802 			continue;
1803 		}
1804 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
1805 			error("Certificate file is not a certificate: %s",
1806 			    options.host_cert_files[i]);
1807 			sshkey_free(key);
1808 			continue;
1809 		}
1810 		/* Find matching private key */
1811 		for (j = 0; j < options.num_host_key_files; j++) {
1812 			if (sshkey_equal_public(key,
1813 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[j])) {
1814 				sensitive_data.host_certificates[j] = key;
1815 				break;
1816 			}
1817 		}
1818 		if (j >= options.num_host_key_files) {
1819 			error("No matching private key for certificate: %s",
1820 			    options.host_cert_files[i]);
1821 			sshkey_free(key);
1822 			continue;
1823 		}
1824 		sensitive_data.host_certificates[j] = key;
1825 		debug("host certificate: #%u type %d %s", j, key->type,
1826 		    sshkey_type(key));
1827 	}
1828 
1829 	if (use_privsep) {
1830 		struct stat st;
1831 
1832 		if (getpwnam(SSH_PRIVSEP_USER) == NULL)
1833 			fatal("Privilege separation user %s does not exist",
1834 			    SSH_PRIVSEP_USER);
1835 		endpwent();
1836 		if ((stat(_PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR, &st) == -1) ||
1837 		    (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) == 0))
1838 			fatal("Missing privilege separation directory: %s",
1839 			    _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR);
1840 		if (st.st_uid != 0 || (st.st_mode & (S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH)) != 0)
1841 			fatal("%s must be owned by root and not group or "
1842 			    "world-writable.", _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR);
1843 	}
1844 
1845 	if (test_flag > 1) {
1846 		/*
1847 		 * If no connection info was provided by -C then use
1848 		 * use a blank one that will cause no predicate to match.
1849 		 */
1850 		if (connection_info == NULL)
1851 			connection_info = get_connection_info(ssh, 0, 0);
1852 		connection_info->test = 1;
1853 		parse_server_match_config(&options, &includes, connection_info);
1854 		dump_config(&options);
1855 	}
1856 
1857 	/* Configuration looks good, so exit if in test mode. */
1858 	if (test_flag)
1859 		exit(0);
1860 
1861 	if (rexec_flag) {
1862 		if (rexec_argc < 0)
1863 			fatal("rexec_argc %d < 0", rexec_argc);
1864 		rexec_argv = xcalloc(rexec_argc + 2, sizeof(char *));
1865 		for (i = 0; i < (u_int)rexec_argc; i++) {
1866 			debug("rexec_argv[%d]='%s'", i, saved_argv[i]);
1867 			rexec_argv[i] = saved_argv[i];
1868 		}
1869 		rexec_argv[rexec_argc] = "-R";
1870 		rexec_argv[rexec_argc + 1] = NULL;
1871 	}
1872 	listener_proctitle = prepare_proctitle(ac, av);
1873 
1874 	/* Ensure that umask disallows at least group and world write */
1875 	new_umask = umask(0077) | 0022;
1876 	(void) umask(new_umask);
1877 
1878 	/* Initialize the log (it is reinitialized below in case we forked). */
1879 	if (debug_flag && (!inetd_flag || rexeced_flag))
1880 		log_stderr = 1;
1881 	log_init(__progname, options.log_level, options.log_facility, log_stderr);
1882 
1883 	/*
1884 	 * If not in debugging mode, not started from inetd and not already
1885 	 * daemonized (eg re-exec via SIGHUP), disconnect from the controlling
1886 	 * terminal, and fork.  The original process exits.
1887 	 */
1888 	already_daemon = daemonized();
1889 	if (!(debug_flag || inetd_flag || no_daemon_flag || already_daemon)) {
1890 
1891 		if (daemon(0, 0) == -1)
1892 			fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1893 
1894 		disconnect_controlling_tty();
1895 	}
1896 	/* Reinitialize the log (because of the fork above). */
1897 	log_init(__progname, options.log_level, options.log_facility, log_stderr);
1898 
1899 	/* Chdir to the root directory so that the current disk can be
1900 	   unmounted if desired. */
1901 	if (chdir("/") == -1)
1902 		error("chdir(\"/\"): %s", strerror(errno));
1903 
1904 	/* ignore SIGPIPE */
1905 	ssh_signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
1906 
1907 	/* Get a connection, either from inetd or a listening TCP socket */
1908 	if (inetd_flag) {
1909 		server_accept_inetd(&sock_in, &sock_out);
1910 	} else {
1911 		server_listen();
1912 
1913 		ssh_signal(SIGHUP, sighup_handler);
1914 		ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, main_sigchld_handler);
1915 		ssh_signal(SIGTERM, sigterm_handler);
1916 		ssh_signal(SIGQUIT, sigterm_handler);
1917 
1918 		/*
1919 		 * Write out the pid file after the sigterm handler
1920 		 * is setup and the listen sockets are bound
1921 		 */
1922 		if (options.pid_file != NULL && !debug_flag) {
1923 			FILE *f = fopen(options.pid_file, "w");
1924 
1925 			if (f == NULL) {
1926 				error("Couldn't create pid file \"%s\": %s",
1927 				    options.pid_file, strerror(errno));
1928 			} else {
1929 				fprintf(f, "%ld\n", (long) getpid());
1930 				fclose(f);
1931 			}
1932 		}
1933 
1934 		/* Accept a connection and return in a forked child */
1935 		server_accept_loop(&sock_in, &sock_out,
1936 		    &newsock, config_s);
1937 	}
1938 
1939 	/* This is the child processing a new connection. */
1940 	setproctitle("%s", "[accepted]");
1941 
1942 	/*
1943 	 * Create a new session and process group since the 4.4BSD
1944 	 * setlogin() affects the entire process group.  We don't
1945 	 * want the child to be able to affect the parent.
1946 	 */
1947 	if (!debug_flag && !inetd_flag && setsid() == -1)
1948 		error("setsid: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1949 
1950 	if (rexec_flag) {
1951 		int fd;
1952 
1953 		debug("rexec start in %d out %d newsock %d pipe %d sock %d",
1954 		    sock_in, sock_out, newsock, startup_pipe, config_s[0]);
1955 		dup2(newsock, STDIN_FILENO);
1956 		dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
1957 		if (startup_pipe == -1)
1958 			close(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1959 		else if (startup_pipe != REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD) {
1960 			dup2(startup_pipe, REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1961 			close(startup_pipe);
1962 			startup_pipe = REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD;
1963 		}
1964 
1965 		dup2(config_s[1], REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
1966 		close(config_s[1]);
1967 
1968 		ssh_signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* avoid reset to SIG_DFL */
1969 		execv(rexec_argv[0], rexec_argv);
1970 
1971 		/* Reexec has failed, fall back and continue */
1972 		error("rexec of %s failed: %s", rexec_argv[0], strerror(errno));
1973 		recv_rexec_state(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD, NULL);
1974 		log_init(__progname, options.log_level,
1975 		    options.log_facility, log_stderr);
1976 
1977 		/* Clean up fds */
1978 		close(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
1979 		newsock = sock_out = sock_in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1980 		if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR, 0)) != -1) {
1981 			dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
1982 			dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
1983 			if (fd > STDERR_FILENO)
1984 				close(fd);
1985 		}
1986 		debug("rexec cleanup in %d out %d newsock %d pipe %d sock %d",
1987 		    sock_in, sock_out, newsock, startup_pipe, config_s[0]);
1988 	}
1989 
1990 	/* Executed child processes don't need these. */
1991 	fcntl(sock_out, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1992 	fcntl(sock_in, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1993 
1994 	/* We will not restart on SIGHUP since it no longer makes sense. */
1995 	ssh_signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
1996 	ssh_signal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
1997 	ssh_signal(SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
1998 	ssh_signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
1999 	ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
2000 
2001 	/*
2002 	 * Register our connection.  This turns encryption off because we do
2003 	 * not have a key.
2004 	 */
2005 	if ((ssh = ssh_packet_set_connection(NULL, sock_in, sock_out)) == NULL)
2006 		fatal("Unable to create connection");
2007 	the_active_state = ssh;
2008 	ssh_packet_set_server(ssh);
2009 
2010 	check_ip_options(ssh);
2011 
2012 	/* Prepare the channels layer */
2013 	channel_init_channels(ssh);
2014 	channel_set_af(ssh, options.address_family);
2015 	process_permitopen(ssh, &options);
2016 
2017 	/* Set SO_KEEPALIVE if requested. */
2018 	if (options.tcp_keep_alive && ssh_packet_connection_is_on_socket(ssh) &&
2019 	    setsockopt(sock_in, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)
2020 		error("setsockopt SO_KEEPALIVE: %.100s", strerror(errno));
2021 
2022 	if ((remote_port = ssh_remote_port(ssh)) < 0) {
2023 		debug("ssh_remote_port failed");
2024 		cleanup_exit(255);
2025 	}
2026 
2027 	/*
2028 	 * The rest of the code depends on the fact that
2029 	 * ssh_remote_ipaddr() caches the remote ip, even if
2030 	 * the socket goes away.
2031 	 */
2032 	remote_ip = ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
2033 
2034 	rdomain = ssh_packet_rdomain_in(ssh);
2035 
2036 	/* Log the connection. */
2037 	laddr = get_local_ipaddr(sock_in);
2038 	verbose("Connection from %s port %d on %s port %d%s%s%s",
2039 	    remote_ip, remote_port, laddr,  ssh_local_port(ssh),
2040 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : " rdomain \"",
2041 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : rdomain,
2042 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : "\"");
2043 	free(laddr);
2044 
2045 	/*
2046 	 * We don't want to listen forever unless the other side
2047 	 * successfully authenticates itself.  So we set up an alarm which is
2048 	 * cleared after successful authentication.  A limit of zero
2049 	 * indicates no limit. Note that we don't set the alarm in debugging
2050 	 * mode; it is just annoying to have the server exit just when you
2051 	 * are about to discover the bug.
2052 	 */
2053 	ssh_signal(SIGALRM, grace_alarm_handler);
2054 	if (!debug_flag)
2055 		alarm(options.login_grace_time);
2056 
2057 	if ((r = kex_exchange_identification(ssh, -1,
2058 	    options.version_addendum)) != 0)
2059 		sshpkt_fatal(ssh, r, "banner exchange");
2060 
2061 	ssh_packet_set_nonblocking(ssh);
2062 
2063 	/* allocate authentication context */
2064 	authctxt = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*authctxt));
2065 	ssh->authctxt = authctxt;
2066 
2067 	/* XXX global for cleanup, access from other modules */
2068 	the_authctxt = authctxt;
2069 
2070 	/* Set default key authentication options */
2071 	if ((auth_opts = sshauthopt_new_with_keys_defaults()) == NULL)
2072 		fatal("allocation failed");
2073 
2074 	/* prepare buffer to collect messages to display to user after login */
2075 	if ((loginmsg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2076 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
2077 	auth_debug_reset();
2078 
2079 	if (use_privsep) {
2080 		if (privsep_preauth(ssh) == 1)
2081 			goto authenticated;
2082 	} else if (have_agent) {
2083 		if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&auth_sock)) != 0) {
2084 			error("Unable to get agent socket: %s", ssh_err(r));
2085 			have_agent = 0;
2086 		}
2087 	}
2088 
2089 	/* perform the key exchange */
2090 	/* authenticate user and start session */
2091 	do_ssh2_kex(ssh);
2092 	do_authentication2(ssh);
2093 
2094 	/*
2095 	 * If we use privilege separation, the unprivileged child transfers
2096 	 * the current keystate and exits
2097 	 */
2098 	if (use_privsep) {
2099 		mm_send_keystate(ssh, pmonitor);
2100 		ssh_packet_clear_keys(ssh);
2101 		exit(0);
2102 	}
2103 
2104  authenticated:
2105 	/*
2106 	 * Cancel the alarm we set to limit the time taken for
2107 	 * authentication.
2108 	 */
2109 	alarm(0);
2110 	ssh_signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
2111 	authctxt->authenticated = 1;
2112 	if (startup_pipe != -1) {
2113 		close(startup_pipe);
2114 		startup_pipe = -1;
2115 	}
2116 
2117 	if (options.routing_domain != NULL)
2118 		set_process_rdomain(ssh, options.routing_domain);
2119 
2120 	/*
2121 	 * In privilege separation, we fork another child and prepare
2122 	 * file descriptor passing.
2123 	 */
2124 	if (use_privsep) {
2125 		privsep_postauth(ssh, authctxt);
2126 		/* the monitor process [priv] will not return */
2127 	}
2128 
2129 	ssh_packet_set_timeout(ssh, options.client_alive_interval,
2130 	    options.client_alive_count_max);
2131 
2132 	/* Try to send all our hostkeys to the client */
2133 	notify_hostkeys(ssh);
2134 
2135 	/* Start session. */
2136 	do_authenticated(ssh, authctxt);
2137 
2138 	/* The connection has been terminated. */
2139 	ssh_packet_get_bytes(ssh, &ibytes, &obytes);
2140 	verbose("Transferred: sent %llu, received %llu bytes",
2141 	    (unsigned long long)obytes, (unsigned long long)ibytes);
2142 
2143 	verbose("Closing connection to %.500s port %d", remote_ip, remote_port);
2144 	ssh_packet_close(ssh);
2145 
2146 	if (use_privsep)
2147 		mm_terminate();
2148 
2149 	exit(0);
2150 }
2151 
2152 int
2153 sshd_hostkey_sign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *privkey,
2154     struct sshkey *pubkey, u_char **signature, size_t *slenp,
2155     const u_char *data, size_t dlen, const char *alg)
2156 {
2157 	int r;
2158 
2159 	if (use_privsep) {
2160 		if (privkey) {
2161 			if (mm_sshkey_sign(ssh, privkey, signature, slenp,
2162 			    data, dlen, alg, options.sk_provider,
2163 			    ssh->compat) < 0)
2164 				fatal("%s: privkey sign failed", __func__);
2165 		} else {
2166 			if (mm_sshkey_sign(ssh, pubkey, signature, slenp,
2167 			    data, dlen, alg, options.sk_provider,
2168 			    ssh->compat) < 0)
2169 				fatal("%s: pubkey sign failed", __func__);
2170 		}
2171 	} else {
2172 		if (privkey) {
2173 			if (sshkey_sign(privkey, signature, slenp, data, dlen,
2174 			    alg, options.sk_provider, ssh->compat) < 0)
2175 				fatal("%s: privkey sign failed", __func__);
2176 		} else {
2177 			if ((r = ssh_agent_sign(auth_sock, pubkey,
2178 			    signature, slenp, data, dlen, alg,
2179 			    ssh->compat)) != 0) {
2180 				fatal("%s: agent sign failed: %s",
2181 				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
2182 			}
2183 		}
2184 	}
2185 	return 0;
2186 }
2187 
2188 /* SSH2 key exchange */
2189 static void
2190 do_ssh2_kex(struct ssh *ssh)
2191 {
2192 	char *myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAX] = { KEX_SERVER };
2193 	struct kex *kex;
2194 	int r;
2195 
2196 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS] = compat_kex_proposal(
2197 	    options.kex_algorithms);
2198 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_ENC_ALGS_CTOS] = compat_cipher_proposal(
2199 	    options.ciphers);
2200 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_ENC_ALGS_STOC] = compat_cipher_proposal(
2201 	    options.ciphers);
2202 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAC_ALGS_CTOS] =
2203 	    myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAC_ALGS_STOC] = options.macs;
2204 
2205 	if (options.compression == COMP_NONE) {
2206 		myproposal[PROPOSAL_COMP_ALGS_CTOS] =
2207 		    myproposal[PROPOSAL_COMP_ALGS_STOC] = "none";
2208 	}
2209 
2210 	if (options.rekey_limit || options.rekey_interval)
2211 		ssh_packet_set_rekey_limits(ssh, options.rekey_limit,
2212 		    options.rekey_interval);
2213 
2214 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS] = compat_pkalg_proposal(
2215 	    list_hostkey_types());
2216 
2217 	/* start key exchange */
2218 	if ((r = kex_setup(ssh, myproposal)) != 0)
2219 		fatal("kex_setup: %s", ssh_err(r));
2220 	kex = ssh->kex;
2221 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2222 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kex_gen_server;
2223 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kex_gen_server;
2224 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kex_gen_server;
2225 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
2226 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
2227 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_server;
2228 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_server;
2229 	kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kex_gen_server;
2230 #endif
2231 	kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kex_gen_server;
2232 	kex->kex[KEX_KEM_SNTRUP4591761X25519_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
2233 	kex->load_host_public_key=&get_hostkey_public_by_type;
2234 	kex->load_host_private_key=&get_hostkey_private_by_type;
2235 	kex->host_key_index=&get_hostkey_index;
2236 	kex->sign = sshd_hostkey_sign;
2237 
2238 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &kex->done);
2239 
2240 	session_id2 = kex->session_id;
2241 	session_id2_len = kex->session_id_len;
2242 
2243 #ifdef DEBUG_KEXDH
2244 	/* send 1st encrypted/maced/compressed message */
2245 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_IGNORE)) != 0 ||
2246 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "markus")) != 0 ||
2247 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0 ||
2248 	    (r = ssh_packet_write_wait(ssh)) != 0)
2249 		fatal("%s: send test: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
2250 #endif
2251 	debug("KEX done");
2252 }
2253 
2254 /* server specific fatal cleanup */
2255 void
2256 cleanup_exit(int i)
2257 {
2258 	if (the_active_state != NULL && the_authctxt != NULL) {
2259 		do_cleanup(the_active_state, the_authctxt);
2260 		if (use_privsep && privsep_is_preauth &&
2261 		    pmonitor != NULL && pmonitor->m_pid > 1) {
2262 			debug("Killing privsep child %d", pmonitor->m_pid);
2263 			if (kill(pmonitor->m_pid, SIGKILL) != 0 &&
2264 			    errno != ESRCH)
2265 				error("%s: kill(%d): %s", __func__,
2266 				    pmonitor->m_pid, strerror(errno));
2267 		}
2268 	}
2269 	_exit(i);
2270 }
2271