xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/sshd.c (revision 1a8dbaac879b9f3335ad7fb25429ce63ac1d6bac)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshd.c,v 1.563 2020/10/16 13:26:13 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * This program is the ssh daemon.  It listens for connections from clients,
7  * and performs authentication, executes use commands or shell, and forwards
8  * information to/from the application to the user client over an encrypted
9  * connection.  This can also handle forwarding of X11, TCP/IP, and
10  * authentication agent connections.
11  *
12  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
13  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
14  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
15  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
16  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
17  *
18  * SSH2 implementation:
19  * Privilege Separation:
20  *
21  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
22  * Copyright (c) 2002 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
23  *
24  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
25  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
26  * are met:
27  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
29  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
30  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
31  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
32  *
33  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
34  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
35  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
36  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
37  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
38  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
39  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
40  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
41  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
42  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
43  */
44 
45 #include <sys/types.h>
46 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
47 #include <sys/wait.h>
48 #include <sys/tree.h>
49 #include <sys/stat.h>
50 #include <sys/socket.h>
51 #include <sys/time.h>
52 #include <sys/queue.h>
53 
54 #include <errno.h>
55 #include <fcntl.h>
56 #include <netdb.h>
57 #include <paths.h>
58 #include <pwd.h>
59 #include <signal.h>
60 #include <stdio.h>
61 #include <stdlib.h>
62 #include <string.h>
63 #include <stdarg.h>
64 #include <unistd.h>
65 #include <limits.h>
66 
67 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
68 #include <openssl/bn.h>
69 #endif
70 
71 #include "xmalloc.h"
72 #include "ssh.h"
73 #include "ssh2.h"
74 #include "sshpty.h"
75 #include "packet.h"
76 #include "log.h"
77 #include "sshbuf.h"
78 #include "misc.h"
79 #include "match.h"
80 #include "servconf.h"
81 #include "uidswap.h"
82 #include "compat.h"
83 #include "cipher.h"
84 #include "digest.h"
85 #include "sshkey.h"
86 #include "kex.h"
87 #include "myproposal.h"
88 #include "authfile.h"
89 #include "pathnames.h"
90 #include "atomicio.h"
91 #include "canohost.h"
92 #include "hostfile.h"
93 #include "auth.h"
94 #include "authfd.h"
95 #include "msg.h"
96 #include "dispatch.h"
97 #include "channels.h"
98 #include "session.h"
99 #include "monitor.h"
100 #ifdef GSSAPI
101 #include "ssh-gss.h"
102 #endif
103 #include "monitor_wrap.h"
104 #include "ssh-sandbox.h"
105 #include "auth-options.h"
106 #include "version.h"
107 #include "ssherr.h"
108 #include "sk-api.h"
109 
110 /* Re-exec fds */
111 #define REEXEC_DEVCRYPTO_RESERVED_FD	(STDERR_FILENO + 1)
112 #define REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 2)
113 #define REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 3)
114 #define REEXEC_MIN_FREE_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 4)
115 
116 extern char *__progname;
117 
118 /* Server configuration options. */
119 ServerOptions options;
120 
121 /* Name of the server configuration file. */
122 char *config_file_name = _PATH_SERVER_CONFIG_FILE;
123 
124 /*
125  * Debug mode flag.  This can be set on the command line.  If debug
126  * mode is enabled, extra debugging output will be sent to the system
127  * log, the daemon will not go to background, and will exit after processing
128  * the first connection.
129  */
130 int debug_flag = 0;
131 
132 /*
133  * Indicating that the daemon should only test the configuration and keys.
134  * If test_flag > 1 ("-T" flag), then sshd will also dump the effective
135  * configuration, optionally using connection information provided by the
136  * "-C" flag.
137  */
138 static int test_flag = 0;
139 
140 /* Flag indicating that the daemon is being started from inetd. */
141 static int inetd_flag = 0;
142 
143 /* Flag indicating that sshd should not detach and become a daemon. */
144 static int no_daemon_flag = 0;
145 
146 /* debug goes to stderr unless inetd_flag is set */
147 static int log_stderr = 0;
148 
149 /* Saved arguments to main(). */
150 static char **saved_argv;
151 
152 /* re-exec */
153 static int rexeced_flag = 0;
154 static int rexec_flag = 1;
155 static int rexec_argc = 0;
156 static char **rexec_argv;
157 
158 /*
159  * The sockets that the server is listening; this is used in the SIGHUP
160  * signal handler.
161  */
162 #define	MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS	16
163 static int listen_socks[MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS];
164 static int num_listen_socks = 0;
165 
166 /* Daemon's agent connection */
167 int auth_sock = -1;
168 static int have_agent = 0;
169 
170 /*
171  * Any really sensitive data in the application is contained in this
172  * structure. The idea is that this structure could be locked into memory so
173  * that the pages do not get written into swap.  However, there are some
174  * problems. The private key contains BIGNUMs, and we do not (in principle)
175  * have access to the internals of them, and locking just the structure is
176  * not very useful.  Currently, memory locking is not implemented.
177  */
178 struct {
179 	struct sshkey	**host_keys;		/* all private host keys */
180 	struct sshkey	**host_pubkeys;		/* all public host keys */
181 	struct sshkey	**host_certificates;	/* all public host certificates */
182 	int		have_ssh2_key;
183 } sensitive_data;
184 
185 /* This is set to true when a signal is received. */
186 static volatile sig_atomic_t received_sighup = 0;
187 static volatile sig_atomic_t received_sigterm = 0;
188 
189 /* session identifier, used by RSA-auth */
190 u_char session_id[16];
191 
192 /* same for ssh2 */
193 u_char *session_id2 = NULL;
194 u_int session_id2_len = 0;
195 
196 /* record remote hostname or ip */
197 u_int utmp_len = HOST_NAME_MAX+1;
198 
199 /*
200  * startup_pipes/flags are used for tracking children of the listening sshd
201  * process early in their lifespans. This tracking is needed for three things:
202  *
203  * 1) Implementing the MaxStartups limit of concurrent unauthenticated
204  *    connections.
205  * 2) Avoiding a race condition for SIGHUP processing, where child processes
206  *    may have listen_socks open that could collide with main listener process
207  *    after it restarts.
208  * 3) Ensuring that rexec'd sshd processes have received their initial state
209  *    from the parent listen process before handling SIGHUP.
210  *
211  * Child processes signal that they have completed closure of the listen_socks
212  * and (if applicable) received their rexec state by sending a char over their
213  * sock. Child processes signal that authentication has completed by closing
214  * the sock (or by exiting).
215  */
216 static int *startup_pipes = NULL;
217 static int *startup_flags = NULL;	/* Indicates child closed listener */
218 static int startup_pipe = -1;		/* in child */
219 
220 /* variables used for privilege separation */
221 int use_privsep = -1;
222 struct monitor *pmonitor = NULL;
223 int privsep_is_preauth = 1;
224 
225 /* global connection state and authentication contexts */
226 Authctxt *the_authctxt = NULL;
227 struct ssh *the_active_state;
228 
229 /* global key/cert auth options. XXX move to permanent ssh->authctxt? */
230 struct sshauthopt *auth_opts = NULL;
231 
232 /* sshd_config buffer */
233 struct sshbuf *cfg;
234 
235 /* Included files from the configuration file */
236 struct include_list includes = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(includes);
237 
238 /* message to be displayed after login */
239 struct sshbuf *loginmsg;
240 
241 /* Prototypes for various functions defined later in this file. */
242 void destroy_sensitive_data(void);
243 void demote_sensitive_data(void);
244 static void do_ssh2_kex(struct ssh *);
245 
246 static char *listener_proctitle;
247 
248 /*
249  * Close all listening sockets
250  */
251 static void
252 close_listen_socks(void)
253 {
254 	int i;
255 
256 	for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
257 		close(listen_socks[i]);
258 	num_listen_socks = -1;
259 }
260 
261 static void
262 close_startup_pipes(void)
263 {
264 	int i;
265 
266 	if (startup_pipes)
267 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
268 			if (startup_pipes[i] != -1)
269 				close(startup_pipes[i]);
270 }
271 
272 /*
273  * Signal handler for SIGHUP.  Sshd execs itself when it receives SIGHUP;
274  * the effect is to reread the configuration file (and to regenerate
275  * the server key).
276  */
277 
278 /*ARGSUSED*/
279 static void
280 sighup_handler(int sig)
281 {
282 	received_sighup = 1;
283 }
284 
285 /*
286  * Called from the main program after receiving SIGHUP.
287  * Restarts the server.
288  */
289 static void
290 sighup_restart(void)
291 {
292 	logit("Received SIGHUP; restarting.");
293 	if (options.pid_file != NULL)
294 		unlink(options.pid_file);
295 	close_listen_socks();
296 	close_startup_pipes();
297 	ssh_signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* will be restored after exec */
298 	execv(saved_argv[0], saved_argv);
299 	logit("RESTART FAILED: av[0]='%.100s', error: %.100s.", saved_argv[0],
300 	    strerror(errno));
301 	exit(1);
302 }
303 
304 /*
305  * Generic signal handler for terminating signals in the master daemon.
306  */
307 /*ARGSUSED*/
308 static void
309 sigterm_handler(int sig)
310 {
311 	received_sigterm = sig;
312 }
313 
314 /*
315  * SIGCHLD handler.  This is called whenever a child dies.  This will then
316  * reap any zombies left by exited children.
317  */
318 /*ARGSUSED*/
319 static void
320 main_sigchld_handler(int sig)
321 {
322 	int save_errno = errno;
323 	pid_t pid;
324 	int status;
325 
326 	debug("main_sigchld_handler: %s", strsignal(sig));
327 
328 	while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0 ||
329 	    (pid == -1 && errno == EINTR))
330 		;
331 	errno = save_errno;
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * Signal handler for the alarm after the login grace period has expired.
336  */
337 /*ARGSUSED*/
338 static void
339 grace_alarm_handler(int sig)
340 {
341 	if (use_privsep && pmonitor != NULL && pmonitor->m_pid > 0)
342 		kill(pmonitor->m_pid, SIGALRM);
343 
344 	/*
345 	 * Try to kill any processes that we have spawned, E.g. authorized
346 	 * keys command helpers.
347 	 */
348 	if (getpgid(0) == getpid()) {
349 		ssh_signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
350 		kill(0, SIGTERM);
351 	}
352 
353 	/* XXX pre-format ipaddr/port so we don't need to access active_state */
354 	/* Log error and exit. */
355 	sigdie("Timeout before authentication for %s port %d",
356 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(the_active_state),
357 	    ssh_remote_port(the_active_state));
358 }
359 
360 /* Destroy the host and server keys.  They will no longer be needed. */
361 void
362 destroy_sensitive_data(void)
363 {
364 	u_int i;
365 
366 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
367 		if (sensitive_data.host_keys[i]) {
368 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]);
369 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = NULL;
370 		}
371 		if (sensitive_data.host_certificates[i]) {
372 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_certificates[i]);
373 			sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] = NULL;
374 		}
375 	}
376 }
377 
378 /* Demote private to public keys for network child */
379 void
380 demote_sensitive_data(void)
381 {
382 	struct sshkey *tmp;
383 	u_int i;
384 	int r;
385 
386 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
387 		if (sensitive_data.host_keys[i]) {
388 			if ((r = sshkey_from_private(
389 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[i], &tmp)) != 0)
390 				fatal("could not demote host %s key: %s",
391 				    sshkey_type(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]),
392 				    ssh_err(r));
393 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]);
394 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = tmp;
395 		}
396 		/* Certs do not need demotion */
397 	}
398 }
399 
400 static void
401 privsep_preauth_child(void)
402 {
403 	gid_t gidset[1];
404 	struct passwd *pw;
405 
406 	/* Enable challenge-response authentication for privilege separation */
407 	privsep_challenge_enable();
408 
409 #ifdef GSSAPI
410 	/* Cache supported mechanism OIDs for later use */
411 	ssh_gssapi_prepare_supported_oids();
412 #endif
413 
414 	/* Demote the private keys to public keys. */
415 	demote_sensitive_data();
416 
417 	/* Demote the child */
418 	if (getuid() == 0 || geteuid() == 0) {
419 		if ((pw = getpwnam(SSH_PRIVSEP_USER)) == NULL)
420 			fatal("Privilege separation user %s does not exist",
421 			    SSH_PRIVSEP_USER);
422 		pw = pwcopy(pw); /* Ensure mutable */
423 		endpwent();
424 		freezero(pw->pw_passwd, strlen(pw->pw_passwd));
425 
426 		/* Change our root directory */
427 		if (chroot(_PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR) == -1)
428 			fatal("chroot(\"%s\"): %s", _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR,
429 			    strerror(errno));
430 		if (chdir("/") == -1)
431 			fatal("chdir(\"/\"): %s", strerror(errno));
432 
433 		/*
434 		 * Drop our privileges
435 		 * NB. Can't use setusercontext() after chroot.
436 		 */
437 		debug3("privsep user:group %u:%u", (u_int)pw->pw_uid,
438 		    (u_int)pw->pw_gid);
439 		gidset[0] = pw->pw_gid;
440 		if (setgroups(1, gidset) == -1)
441 			fatal("setgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
442 		permanently_set_uid(pw);
443 	}
444 }
445 
446 static int
447 privsep_preauth(struct ssh *ssh)
448 {
449 	int status, r;
450 	pid_t pid;
451 	struct ssh_sandbox *box = NULL;
452 
453 	/* Set up unprivileged child process to deal with network data */
454 	pmonitor = monitor_init();
455 	/* Store a pointer to the kex for later rekeying */
456 	pmonitor->m_pkex = &ssh->kex;
457 
458 	if (use_privsep == PRIVSEP_ON)
459 		box = ssh_sandbox_init();
460 	pid = fork();
461 	if (pid == -1) {
462 		fatal("fork of unprivileged child failed");
463 	} else if (pid != 0) {
464 		debug2("Network child is on pid %ld", (long)pid);
465 
466 		pmonitor->m_pid = pid;
467 		if (have_agent) {
468 			r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&auth_sock);
469 			if (r != 0) {
470 				error("Could not get agent socket: %s",
471 				    ssh_err(r));
472 				have_agent = 0;
473 			}
474 		}
475 		if (box != NULL)
476 			ssh_sandbox_parent_preauth(box, pid);
477 		monitor_child_preauth(ssh, pmonitor);
478 
479 		/* Wait for the child's exit status */
480 		while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
481 			if (errno == EINTR)
482 				continue;
483 			pmonitor->m_pid = -1;
484 			fatal("%s: waitpid: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
485 		}
486 		privsep_is_preauth = 0;
487 		pmonitor->m_pid = -1;
488 		if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
489 			if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
490 				fatal("%s: preauth child exited with status %d",
491 				    __func__, WEXITSTATUS(status));
492 		} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
493 			fatal("%s: preauth child terminated by signal %d",
494 			    __func__, WTERMSIG(status));
495 		if (box != NULL)
496 			ssh_sandbox_parent_finish(box);
497 		return 1;
498 	} else {
499 		/* child */
500 		close(pmonitor->m_sendfd);
501 		close(pmonitor->m_log_recvfd);
502 
503 		/* Arrange for logging to be sent to the monitor */
504 		set_log_handler(mm_log_handler, pmonitor);
505 
506 		privsep_preauth_child();
507 		setproctitle("%s", "[net]");
508 		if (box != NULL)
509 			ssh_sandbox_child(box);
510 
511 		return 0;
512 	}
513 }
514 
515 static void
516 privsep_postauth(struct ssh *ssh, Authctxt *authctxt)
517 {
518 	if (authctxt->pw->pw_uid == 0) {
519 		/* File descriptor passing is broken or root login */
520 		use_privsep = 0;
521 		goto skip;
522 	}
523 
524 	/* New socket pair */
525 	monitor_reinit(pmonitor);
526 
527 	pmonitor->m_pid = fork();
528 	if (pmonitor->m_pid == -1)
529 		fatal("fork of unprivileged child failed");
530 	else if (pmonitor->m_pid != 0) {
531 		verbose("User child is on pid %ld", (long)pmonitor->m_pid);
532 		sshbuf_reset(loginmsg);
533 		monitor_clear_keystate(ssh, pmonitor);
534 		monitor_child_postauth(ssh, pmonitor);
535 
536 		/* NEVERREACHED */
537 		exit(0);
538 	}
539 
540 	/* child */
541 
542 	close(pmonitor->m_sendfd);
543 	pmonitor->m_sendfd = -1;
544 
545 	/* Demote the private keys to public keys. */
546 	demote_sensitive_data();
547 
548 	/* Drop privileges */
549 	do_setusercontext(authctxt->pw);
550 
551  skip:
552 	/* It is safe now to apply the key state */
553 	monitor_apply_keystate(ssh, pmonitor);
554 
555 	/*
556 	 * Tell the packet layer that authentication was successful, since
557 	 * this information is not part of the key state.
558 	 */
559 	ssh_packet_set_authenticated(ssh);
560 }
561 
562 static void
563 append_hostkey_type(struct sshbuf *b, const char *s)
564 {
565 	int r;
566 
567 	if (match_pattern_list(s, options.hostkeyalgorithms, 0) != 1) {
568 		debug3("%s: %s key not permitted by HostkeyAlgorithms",
569 		    __func__, s);
570 		return;
571 	}
572 	if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s%s", sshbuf_len(b) > 0 ? "," : "", s)) != 0)
573 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_putf: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
574 }
575 
576 static char *
577 list_hostkey_types(void)
578 {
579 	struct sshbuf *b;
580 	struct sshkey *key;
581 	char *ret;
582 	u_int i;
583 
584 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
585 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
586 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
587 		key = sensitive_data.host_keys[i];
588 		if (key == NULL)
589 			key = sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i];
590 		if (key == NULL)
591 			continue;
592 		switch (key->type) {
593 		case KEY_RSA:
594 			/* for RSA we also support SHA2 signatures */
595 			append_hostkey_type(b, "rsa-sha2-512");
596 			append_hostkey_type(b, "rsa-sha2-256");
597 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
598 		case KEY_DSA:
599 		case KEY_ECDSA:
600 		case KEY_ED25519:
601 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
602 		case KEY_ED25519_SK:
603 		case KEY_XMSS:
604 			append_hostkey_type(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key));
605 			break;
606 		}
607 		/* If the private key has a cert peer, then list that too */
608 		key = sensitive_data.host_certificates[i];
609 		if (key == NULL)
610 			continue;
611 		switch (key->type) {
612 		case KEY_RSA_CERT:
613 			/* for RSA we also support SHA2 signatures */
614 			append_hostkey_type(b,
615 			    "rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com");
616 			append_hostkey_type(b,
617 			    "rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com");
618 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
619 		case KEY_DSA_CERT:
620 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
621 		case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
622 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
623 		case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
624 		case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
625 			append_hostkey_type(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key));
626 			break;
627 		}
628 	}
629 	if ((ret = sshbuf_dup_string(b)) == NULL)
630 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_dup_string failed", __func__);
631 	sshbuf_free(b);
632 	debug("%s: %s", __func__, ret);
633 	return ret;
634 }
635 
636 static struct sshkey *
637 get_hostkey_by_type(int type, int nid, int need_private, struct ssh *ssh)
638 {
639 	u_int i;
640 	struct sshkey *key;
641 
642 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
643 		switch (type) {
644 		case KEY_RSA_CERT:
645 		case KEY_DSA_CERT:
646 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
647 		case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
648 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
649 		case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
650 		case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
651 			key = sensitive_data.host_certificates[i];
652 			break;
653 		default:
654 			key = sensitive_data.host_keys[i];
655 			if (key == NULL && !need_private)
656 				key = sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i];
657 			break;
658 		}
659 		if (key == NULL || key->type != type)
660 			continue;
661 		switch (type) {
662 		case KEY_ECDSA:
663 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
664 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
665 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
666 			if (key->ecdsa_nid != nid)
667 				continue;
668 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
669 		default:
670 			return need_private ?
671 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[i] : key;
672 		}
673 	}
674 	return NULL;
675 }
676 
677 struct sshkey *
678 get_hostkey_public_by_type(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
679 {
680 	return get_hostkey_by_type(type, nid, 0, ssh);
681 }
682 
683 struct sshkey *
684 get_hostkey_private_by_type(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
685 {
686 	return get_hostkey_by_type(type, nid, 1, ssh);
687 }
688 
689 struct sshkey *
690 get_hostkey_by_index(int ind)
691 {
692 	if (ind < 0 || (u_int)ind >= options.num_host_key_files)
693 		return (NULL);
694 	return (sensitive_data.host_keys[ind]);
695 }
696 
697 struct sshkey *
698 get_hostkey_public_by_index(int ind, struct ssh *ssh)
699 {
700 	if (ind < 0 || (u_int)ind >= options.num_host_key_files)
701 		return (NULL);
702 	return (sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[ind]);
703 }
704 
705 int
706 get_hostkey_index(struct sshkey *key, int compare, struct ssh *ssh)
707 {
708 	u_int i;
709 
710 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
711 		if (sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
712 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] ||
713 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] &&
714 			    sshkey_equal(key,
715 			    sensitive_data.host_certificates[i])))
716 				return (i);
717 		} else {
718 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_keys[i] ||
719 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_keys[i] &&
720 			    sshkey_equal(key, sensitive_data.host_keys[i])))
721 				return (i);
722 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] ||
723 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] &&
724 			    sshkey_equal(key, sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i])))
725 				return (i);
726 		}
727 	}
728 	return (-1);
729 }
730 
731 /* Inform the client of all hostkeys */
732 static void
733 notify_hostkeys(struct ssh *ssh)
734 {
735 	struct sshbuf *buf;
736 	struct sshkey *key;
737 	u_int i, nkeys;
738 	int r;
739 	char *fp;
740 
741 	/* Some clients cannot cope with the hostkeys message, skip those. */
742 	if (ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_HOSTKEYS)
743 		return;
744 
745 	if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
746 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new", __func__);
747 	for (i = nkeys = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
748 		key = get_hostkey_public_by_index(i, ssh);
749 		if (key == NULL || key->type == KEY_UNSPEC ||
750 		    sshkey_is_cert(key))
751 			continue;
752 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
753 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
754 		debug3("%s: key %d: %s %s", __func__, i,
755 		    sshkey_ssh_name(key), fp);
756 		free(fp);
757 		if (nkeys == 0) {
758 			/*
759 			 * Start building the request when we find the
760 			 * first usable key.
761 			 */
762 			if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
763 			    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "hostkeys-00@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
764 			    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 0)) != 0) /* want reply */
765 				sshpkt_fatal(ssh, r, "%s: start request", __func__);
766 		}
767 		/* Append the key to the request */
768 		sshbuf_reset(buf);
769 		if ((r = sshkey_putb(key, buf)) != 0)
770 			fatal("%s: couldn't put hostkey %d: %s",
771 			    __func__, i, ssh_err(r));
772 		if ((r = sshpkt_put_stringb(ssh, buf)) != 0)
773 			sshpkt_fatal(ssh, r, "%s: append key", __func__);
774 		nkeys++;
775 	}
776 	debug3("%s: sent %u hostkeys", __func__, nkeys);
777 	if (nkeys == 0)
778 		fatal("%s: no hostkeys", __func__);
779 	if ((r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
780 		sshpkt_fatal(ssh, r, "%s: send", __func__);
781 	sshbuf_free(buf);
782 }
783 
784 /*
785  * returns 1 if connection should be dropped, 0 otherwise.
786  * dropping starts at connection #max_startups_begin with a probability
787  * of (max_startups_rate/100). the probability increases linearly until
788  * all connections are dropped for startups > max_startups
789  */
790 static int
791 should_drop_connection(int startups)
792 {
793 	int p, r;
794 
795 	if (startups < options.max_startups_begin)
796 		return 0;
797 	if (startups >= options.max_startups)
798 		return 1;
799 	if (options.max_startups_rate == 100)
800 		return 1;
801 
802 	p  = 100 - options.max_startups_rate;
803 	p *= startups - options.max_startups_begin;
804 	p /= options.max_startups - options.max_startups_begin;
805 	p += options.max_startups_rate;
806 	r = arc4random_uniform(100);
807 
808 	debug("%s: p %d, r %d", __func__, p, r);
809 	return (r < p) ? 1 : 0;
810 }
811 
812 /*
813  * Check whether connection should be accepted by MaxStartups.
814  * Returns 0 if the connection is accepted. If the connection is refused,
815  * returns 1 and attempts to send notification to client.
816  * Logs when the MaxStartups condition is entered or exited, and periodically
817  * while in that state.
818  */
819 static int
820 drop_connection(int sock, int startups)
821 {
822 	char *laddr, *raddr;
823 	const char msg[] = "Exceeded MaxStartups\r\n";
824 	static time_t last_drop, first_drop;
825 	static u_int ndropped;
826 	LogLevel drop_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE;
827 	time_t now;
828 
829 	now = monotime();
830 	if (!should_drop_connection(startups)) {
831 		if (last_drop != 0 &&
832 		    startups < options.max_startups_begin - 1) {
833 			/* XXX maybe need better hysteresis here */
834 			logit("exited MaxStartups throttling after %s, "
835 			    "%u connections dropped",
836 			    fmt_timeframe(now - first_drop), ndropped);
837 			last_drop = 0;
838 		}
839 		return 0;
840 	}
841 
842 #define SSHD_MAXSTARTUPS_LOG_INTERVAL	(5 * 60)
843 	if (last_drop == 0) {
844 		error("beginning MaxStartups throttling");
845 		drop_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
846 		first_drop = now;
847 		ndropped = 0;
848 	} else if (last_drop + SSHD_MAXSTARTUPS_LOG_INTERVAL < now) {
849 		/* Periodic logs */
850 		error("in MaxStartups throttling for %s, "
851 		    "%u connections dropped",
852 		    fmt_timeframe(now - first_drop), ndropped + 1);
853 		drop_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
854 	}
855 	last_drop = now;
856 	ndropped++;
857 
858 	laddr = get_local_ipaddr(sock);
859 	raddr = get_peer_ipaddr(sock);
860 	do_log2(drop_level, "drop connection #%d from [%s]:%d on [%s]:%d "
861 	    "past MaxStartups", startups, raddr, get_peer_port(sock),
862 	    laddr, get_local_port(sock));
863 	free(laddr);
864 	free(raddr);
865 	/* best-effort notification to client */
866 	(void)write(sock, msg, sizeof(msg) - 1);
867 	return 1;
868 }
869 
870 static void
871 usage(void)
872 {
873 	fprintf(stderr, "%s, %s\n",
874 	    SSH_VERSION,
875 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
876 	    OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION)
877 #else
878 	    "without OpenSSL"
879 #endif
880 	);
881 	fprintf(stderr,
882 "usage: sshd [-46DdeiqTt] [-C connection_spec] [-c host_cert_file]\n"
883 "            [-E log_file] [-f config_file] [-g login_grace_time]\n"
884 "            [-h host_key_file] [-o option] [-p port] [-u len]\n"
885 	);
886 	exit(1);
887 }
888 
889 static void
890 send_rexec_state(int fd, struct sshbuf *conf)
891 {
892 	struct sshbuf *m = NULL, *inc = NULL;
893 	struct include_item *item = NULL;
894 	int r;
895 
896 	debug3("%s: entering fd = %d config len %zu", __func__, fd,
897 	    sshbuf_len(conf));
898 
899 	if ((m = sshbuf_new()) == NULL || (inc = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
900 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
901 
902 	/* pack includes into a string */
903 	TAILQ_FOREACH(item, &includes, entry) {
904 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(inc, item->selector)) != 0 ||
905 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(inc, item->filename)) != 0 ||
906 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(inc, item->contents)) != 0)
907 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
908 	}
909 
910 	/*
911 	 * Protocol from reexec master to child:
912 	 *	string	configuration
913 	 *	string	included_files[] {
914 	 *		string	selector
915 	 *		string	filename
916 	 *		string	contents
917 	 *	}
918 	 */
919 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(m, conf)) != 0 ||
920 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(m, inc)) != 0)
921 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
922 	if (ssh_msg_send(fd, 0, m) == -1)
923 		error("%s: ssh_msg_send failed", __func__);
924 
925 	sshbuf_free(m);
926 	sshbuf_free(inc);
927 
928 	debug3("%s: done", __func__);
929 }
930 
931 static void
932 recv_rexec_state(int fd, struct sshbuf *conf)
933 {
934 	struct sshbuf *m, *inc;
935 	u_char *cp, ver;
936 	size_t len;
937 	int r;
938 	struct include_item *item;
939 
940 	debug3("%s: entering fd = %d", __func__, fd);
941 
942 	if ((m = sshbuf_new()) == NULL || (inc = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
943 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
944 	if (ssh_msg_recv(fd, m) == -1)
945 		fatal("%s: ssh_msg_recv failed", __func__);
946 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(m, &ver)) != 0)
947 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
948 	if (ver != 0)
949 		fatal("%s: rexec version mismatch", __func__);
950 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(m, &cp, &len)) != 0 ||
951 	    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(m, inc)) != 0)
952 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
953 
954 	if (conf != NULL && (r = sshbuf_put(conf, cp, len)))
955 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
956 
957 	while (sshbuf_len(inc) != 0) {
958 		item = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*item));
959 		if ((item->contents = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
960 			fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
961 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(inc, &item->selector, NULL)) != 0 ||
962 		    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(inc, &item->filename, NULL)) != 0 ||
963 		    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(inc, item->contents)) != 0)
964 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
965 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&includes, item, entry);
966 	}
967 
968 	free(cp);
969 	sshbuf_free(m);
970 
971 	debug3("%s: done", __func__);
972 }
973 
974 /* Accept a connection from inetd */
975 static void
976 server_accept_inetd(int *sock_in, int *sock_out)
977 {
978 	if (rexeced_flag) {
979 		close(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
980 		*sock_in = *sock_out = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
981 	} else {
982 		*sock_in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
983 		*sock_out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO);
984 	}
985 	/*
986 	 * We intentionally do not close the descriptors 0, 1, and 2
987 	 * as our code for setting the descriptors won't work if
988 	 * ttyfd happens to be one of those.
989 	 */
990 	if (stdfd_devnull(1, 1, !log_stderr) == -1)
991 		error("%s: stdfd_devnull failed", __func__);
992 	debug("inetd sockets after dupping: %d, %d", *sock_in, *sock_out);
993 }
994 
995 /*
996  * Listen for TCP connections
997  */
998 static void
999 listen_on_addrs(struct listenaddr *la)
1000 {
1001 	int ret, listen_sock;
1002 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1003 	char ntop[NI_MAXHOST], strport[NI_MAXSERV];
1004 
1005 	for (ai = la->addrs; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
1006 		if (ai->ai_family != AF_INET && ai->ai_family != AF_INET6)
1007 			continue;
1008 		if (num_listen_socks >= MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS)
1009 			fatal("Too many listen sockets. "
1010 			    "Enlarge MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS");
1011 		if ((ret = getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen,
1012 		    ntop, sizeof(ntop), strport, sizeof(strport),
1013 		    NI_NUMERICHOST|NI_NUMERICSERV)) != 0) {
1014 			error("getnameinfo failed: %.100s",
1015 			    ssh_gai_strerror(ret));
1016 			continue;
1017 		}
1018 		/* Create socket for listening. */
1019 		listen_sock = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype,
1020 		    ai->ai_protocol);
1021 		if (listen_sock == -1) {
1022 			/* kernel may not support ipv6 */
1023 			verbose("socket: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1024 			continue;
1025 		}
1026 		if (set_nonblock(listen_sock) == -1) {
1027 			close(listen_sock);
1028 			continue;
1029 		}
1030 		if (fcntl(listen_sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
1031 			verbose("socket: CLOEXEC: %s", strerror(errno));
1032 			close(listen_sock);
1033 			continue;
1034 		}
1035 		/* Socket options */
1036 		set_reuseaddr(listen_sock);
1037 		if (la->rdomain != NULL &&
1038 		    set_rdomain(listen_sock, la->rdomain) == -1) {
1039 			close(listen_sock);
1040 			continue;
1041 		}
1042 
1043 		debug("Bind to port %s on %s.", strport, ntop);
1044 
1045 		/* Bind the socket to the desired port. */
1046 		if (bind(listen_sock, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen) == -1) {
1047 			error("Bind to port %s on %s failed: %.200s.",
1048 			    strport, ntop, strerror(errno));
1049 			close(listen_sock);
1050 			continue;
1051 		}
1052 		listen_socks[num_listen_socks] = listen_sock;
1053 		num_listen_socks++;
1054 
1055 		/* Start listening on the port. */
1056 		if (listen(listen_sock, SSH_LISTEN_BACKLOG) == -1)
1057 			fatal("listen on [%s]:%s: %.100s",
1058 			    ntop, strport, strerror(errno));
1059 		logit("Server listening on %s port %s%s%s.",
1060 		    ntop, strport,
1061 		    la->rdomain == NULL ? "" : " rdomain ",
1062 		    la->rdomain == NULL ? "" : la->rdomain);
1063 	}
1064 }
1065 
1066 static void
1067 server_listen(void)
1068 {
1069 	u_int i;
1070 
1071 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_listen_addrs; i++) {
1072 		listen_on_addrs(&options.listen_addrs[i]);
1073 		freeaddrinfo(options.listen_addrs[i].addrs);
1074 		free(options.listen_addrs[i].rdomain);
1075 		memset(&options.listen_addrs[i], 0,
1076 		    sizeof(options.listen_addrs[i]));
1077 	}
1078 	free(options.listen_addrs);
1079 	options.listen_addrs = NULL;
1080 	options.num_listen_addrs = 0;
1081 
1082 	if (!num_listen_socks)
1083 		fatal("Cannot bind any address.");
1084 }
1085 
1086 /*
1087  * The main TCP accept loop. Note that, for the non-debug case, returns
1088  * from this function are in a forked subprocess.
1089  */
1090 static void
1091 server_accept_loop(int *sock_in, int *sock_out, int *newsock, int *config_s)
1092 {
1093 	fd_set *fdset;
1094 	int i, j, ret, maxfd;
1095 	int ostartups = -1, startups = 0, listening = 0, lameduck = 0;
1096 	int startup_p[2] = { -1 , -1 };
1097 	char c = 0;
1098 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
1099 	socklen_t fromlen;
1100 	pid_t pid;
1101 
1102 	/* setup fd set for accept */
1103 	fdset = NULL;
1104 	maxfd = 0;
1105 	for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
1106 		if (listen_socks[i] > maxfd)
1107 			maxfd = listen_socks[i];
1108 	/* pipes connected to unauthenticated child sshd processes */
1109 	startup_pipes = xcalloc(options.max_startups, sizeof(int));
1110 	startup_flags = xcalloc(options.max_startups, sizeof(int));
1111 	for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
1112 		startup_pipes[i] = -1;
1113 
1114 	/*
1115 	 * Stay listening for connections until the system crashes or
1116 	 * the daemon is killed with a signal.
1117 	 */
1118 	for (;;) {
1119 		if (ostartups != startups) {
1120 			setproctitle("%s [listener] %d of %d-%d startups",
1121 			    listener_proctitle, startups,
1122 			    options.max_startups_begin, options.max_startups);
1123 			ostartups = startups;
1124 		}
1125 		if (received_sighup) {
1126 			if (!lameduck) {
1127 				debug("Received SIGHUP; waiting for children");
1128 				close_listen_socks();
1129 				lameduck = 1;
1130 			}
1131 			if (listening <= 0)
1132 				sighup_restart();
1133 		}
1134 		free(fdset);
1135 		fdset = xcalloc(howmany(maxfd + 1, NFDBITS),
1136 		    sizeof(fd_mask));
1137 
1138 		for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
1139 			FD_SET(listen_socks[i], fdset);
1140 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
1141 			if (startup_pipes[i] != -1)
1142 				FD_SET(startup_pipes[i], fdset);
1143 
1144 		/* Wait in select until there is a connection. */
1145 		ret = select(maxfd+1, fdset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1146 		if (ret == -1 && errno != EINTR)
1147 			error("select: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1148 		if (received_sigterm) {
1149 			logit("Received signal %d; terminating.",
1150 			    (int) received_sigterm);
1151 			close_listen_socks();
1152 			if (options.pid_file != NULL)
1153 				unlink(options.pid_file);
1154 			exit(received_sigterm == SIGTERM ? 0 : 255);
1155 		}
1156 		if (ret == -1)
1157 			continue;
1158 
1159 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++) {
1160 			if (startup_pipes[i] == -1 ||
1161 			    !FD_ISSET(startup_pipes[i], fdset))
1162 				continue;
1163 			switch (read(startup_pipes[i], &c, sizeof(c))) {
1164 			case -1:
1165 				if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
1166 					continue;
1167 				if (errno != EPIPE) {
1168 					error("%s: startup pipe %d (fd=%d): "
1169 					    "read %s", __func__, i,
1170 					    startup_pipes[i], strerror(errno));
1171 				}
1172 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
1173 			case 0:
1174 				/* child exited or completed auth */
1175 				close(startup_pipes[i]);
1176 				startup_pipes[i] = -1;
1177 				startups--;
1178 				if (startup_flags[i])
1179 					listening--;
1180 				break;
1181 			case 1:
1182 				/* child has finished preliminaries */
1183 				if (startup_flags[i]) {
1184 					listening--;
1185 					startup_flags[i] = 0;
1186 				}
1187 				break;
1188 			}
1189 		}
1190 		for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++) {
1191 			if (!FD_ISSET(listen_socks[i], fdset))
1192 				continue;
1193 			fromlen = sizeof(from);
1194 			*newsock = accept(listen_socks[i],
1195 			    (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen);
1196 			if (*newsock == -1) {
1197 				if (errno != EINTR && errno != EWOULDBLOCK &&
1198 				    errno != ECONNABORTED)
1199 					error("accept: %.100s",
1200 					    strerror(errno));
1201 				if (errno == EMFILE || errno == ENFILE)
1202 					usleep(100 * 1000);
1203 				continue;
1204 			}
1205 			if (unset_nonblock(*newsock) == -1 ||
1206 			    drop_connection(*newsock, startups) ||
1207 			    pipe(startup_p) == -1) {
1208 				close(*newsock);
1209 				continue;
1210 			}
1211 
1212 			if (rexec_flag && socketpair(AF_UNIX,
1213 			    SOCK_STREAM, 0, config_s) == -1) {
1214 				error("reexec socketpair: %s",
1215 				    strerror(errno));
1216 				close(*newsock);
1217 				close(startup_p[0]);
1218 				close(startup_p[1]);
1219 				continue;
1220 			}
1221 
1222 			for (j = 0; j < options.max_startups; j++)
1223 				if (startup_pipes[j] == -1) {
1224 					startup_pipes[j] = startup_p[0];
1225 					if (maxfd < startup_p[0])
1226 						maxfd = startup_p[0];
1227 					startups++;
1228 					startup_flags[j] = 1;
1229 					break;
1230 				}
1231 
1232 			/*
1233 			 * Got connection.  Fork a child to handle it, unless
1234 			 * we are in debugging mode.
1235 			 */
1236 			if (debug_flag) {
1237 				/*
1238 				 * In debugging mode.  Close the listening
1239 				 * socket, and start processing the
1240 				 * connection without forking.
1241 				 */
1242 				debug("Server will not fork when running in debugging mode.");
1243 				close_listen_socks();
1244 				*sock_in = *newsock;
1245 				*sock_out = *newsock;
1246 				close(startup_p[0]);
1247 				close(startup_p[1]);
1248 				startup_pipe = -1;
1249 				pid = getpid();
1250 				if (rexec_flag) {
1251 					send_rexec_state(config_s[0], cfg);
1252 					close(config_s[0]);
1253 				}
1254 				return;
1255 			}
1256 
1257 			/*
1258 			 * Normal production daemon.  Fork, and have
1259 			 * the child process the connection. The
1260 			 * parent continues listening.
1261 			 */
1262 			listening++;
1263 			if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1264 				/*
1265 				 * Child.  Close the listening and
1266 				 * max_startup sockets.  Start using
1267 				 * the accepted socket. Reinitialize
1268 				 * logging (since our pid has changed).
1269 				 * We return from this function to handle
1270 				 * the connection.
1271 				 */
1272 				startup_pipe = startup_p[1];
1273 				close_startup_pipes();
1274 				close_listen_socks();
1275 				*sock_in = *newsock;
1276 				*sock_out = *newsock;
1277 				log_init(__progname,
1278 				    options.log_level,
1279 				    options.log_facility,
1280 				    log_stderr);
1281 				if (rexec_flag)
1282 					close(config_s[0]);
1283 				else {
1284 					/*
1285 					 * Signal parent that the preliminaries
1286 					 * for this child are complete. For the
1287 					 * re-exec case, this happens after the
1288 					 * child has received the rexec state
1289 					 * from the server.
1290 					 */
1291 					(void)atomicio(vwrite, startup_pipe,
1292 					    "\0", 1);
1293 				}
1294 				return;
1295 			}
1296 
1297 			/* Parent.  Stay in the loop. */
1298 			if (pid == -1)
1299 				error("fork: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1300 			else
1301 				debug("Forked child %ld.", (long)pid);
1302 
1303 			close(startup_p[1]);
1304 
1305 			if (rexec_flag) {
1306 				close(config_s[1]);
1307 				send_rexec_state(config_s[0], cfg);
1308 				close(config_s[0]);
1309 			}
1310 			close(*newsock);
1311 		}
1312 	}
1313 }
1314 
1315 /*
1316  * If IP options are supported, make sure there are none (log and
1317  * return an error if any are found).  Basically we are worried about
1318  * source routing; it can be used to pretend you are somebody
1319  * (ip-address) you are not. That itself may be "almost acceptable"
1320  * under certain circumstances, but rhosts authentication is useless
1321  * if source routing is accepted. Notice also that if we just dropped
1322  * source routing here, the other side could use IP spoofing to do
1323  * rest of the interaction and could still bypass security.  So we
1324  * exit here if we detect any IP options.
1325  */
1326 static void
1327 check_ip_options(struct ssh *ssh)
1328 {
1329 	int sock_in = ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh);
1330 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
1331 	u_char opts[200];
1332 	socklen_t i, option_size = sizeof(opts), fromlen = sizeof(from);
1333 	char text[sizeof(opts) * 3 + 1];
1334 
1335 	memset(&from, 0, sizeof(from));
1336 	if (getpeername(sock_in, (struct sockaddr *)&from,
1337 	    &fromlen) == -1)
1338 		return;
1339 	if (from.ss_family != AF_INET)
1340 		return;
1341 	/* XXX IPv6 options? */
1342 
1343 	if (getsockopt(sock_in, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, opts,
1344 	    &option_size) >= 0 && option_size != 0) {
1345 		text[0] = '\0';
1346 		for (i = 0; i < option_size; i++)
1347 			snprintf(text + i*3, sizeof(text) - i*3,
1348 			    " %2.2x", opts[i]);
1349 		fatal("Connection from %.100s port %d with IP opts: %.800s",
1350 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh), text);
1351 	}
1352 	return;
1353 }
1354 
1355 /* Set the routing domain for this process */
1356 static void
1357 set_process_rdomain(struct ssh *ssh, const char *name)
1358 {
1359 	int rtable, ortable = getrtable();
1360 	const char *errstr;
1361 
1362 	if (name == NULL)
1363 		return; /* default */
1364 
1365 	if (strcmp(name, "%D") == 0) {
1366 		/* "expands" to routing domain of connection */
1367 		if ((name = ssh_packet_rdomain_in(ssh)) == NULL)
1368 			return;
1369 	}
1370 
1371 	rtable = (int)strtonum(name, 0, 255, &errstr);
1372 	if (errstr != NULL) /* Shouldn't happen */
1373 		fatal("Invalid routing domain \"%s\": %s", name, errstr);
1374 	if (rtable != ortable && setrtable(rtable) != 0)
1375 		fatal("Unable to set routing domain %d: %s",
1376 		    rtable, strerror(errno));
1377 	debug("%s: set routing domain %d (was %d)", __func__, rtable, ortable);
1378 }
1379 
1380 static void
1381 accumulate_host_timing_secret(struct sshbuf *server_cfg,
1382     struct sshkey *key)
1383 {
1384 	static struct ssh_digest_ctx *ctx;
1385 	u_char *hash;
1386 	size_t len;
1387 	struct sshbuf *buf;
1388 	int r;
1389 
1390 	if (ctx == NULL && (ctx = ssh_digest_start(SSH_DIGEST_SHA512)) == NULL)
1391 		fatal("%s: ssh_digest_start", __func__);
1392 	if (key == NULL) { /* finalize */
1393 		/* add server config in case we are using agent for host keys */
1394 		if (ssh_digest_update(ctx, sshbuf_ptr(server_cfg),
1395 		    sshbuf_len(server_cfg)) != 0)
1396 			fatal("%s: ssh_digest_update", __func__);
1397 		len = ssh_digest_bytes(SSH_DIGEST_SHA512);
1398 		hash = xmalloc(len);
1399 		if (ssh_digest_final(ctx, hash, len) != 0)
1400 			fatal("%s: ssh_digest_final", __func__);
1401 		options.timing_secret = PEEK_U64(hash);
1402 		freezero(hash, len);
1403 		ssh_digest_free(ctx);
1404 		ctx = NULL;
1405 		return;
1406 	}
1407 	if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1408 		fatal("%s could not allocate buffer", __func__);
1409 	if ((r = sshkey_private_serialize(key, buf)) != 0)
1410 		fatal("sshkey_private_serialize: %s", ssh_err(r));
1411 	if (ssh_digest_update(ctx, sshbuf_ptr(buf), sshbuf_len(buf)) != 0)
1412 		fatal("%s: ssh_digest_update", __func__);
1413 	sshbuf_reset(buf);
1414 	sshbuf_free(buf);
1415 }
1416 
1417 static char *
1418 prepare_proctitle(int ac, char **av)
1419 {
1420 	char *ret = NULL;
1421 	int i;
1422 
1423 	for (i = 0; i < ac; i++)
1424 		xextendf(&ret, " ", "%s", av[i]);
1425 	return ret;
1426 }
1427 
1428 /*
1429  * Main program for the daemon.
1430  */
1431 int
1432 main(int ac, char **av)
1433 {
1434 	struct ssh *ssh = NULL;
1435 	extern char *optarg;
1436 	extern int optind;
1437 	int r, opt, on = 1, already_daemon, remote_port;
1438 	int sock_in = -1, sock_out = -1, newsock = -1;
1439 	const char *remote_ip, *rdomain;
1440 	char *fp, *line, *laddr, *logfile = NULL;
1441 	int config_s[2] = { -1 , -1 };
1442 	u_int i, j;
1443 	u_int64_t ibytes, obytes;
1444 	mode_t new_umask;
1445 	struct sshkey *key;
1446 	struct sshkey *pubkey;
1447 	int keytype;
1448 	Authctxt *authctxt;
1449 	struct connection_info *connection_info = NULL;
1450 
1451 	/* Save argv. */
1452 	saved_argv = av;
1453 	rexec_argc = ac;
1454 
1455 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
1456 	sanitise_stdfd();
1457 
1458 	/* Initialize configuration options to their default values. */
1459 	initialize_server_options(&options);
1460 
1461 	/* Parse command-line arguments. */
1462 	while ((opt = getopt(ac, av,
1463 	    "C:E:b:c:f:g:h:k:o:p:u:46DQRTdeiqrt")) != -1) {
1464 		switch (opt) {
1465 		case '4':
1466 			options.address_family = AF_INET;
1467 			break;
1468 		case '6':
1469 			options.address_family = AF_INET6;
1470 			break;
1471 		case 'f':
1472 			config_file_name = optarg;
1473 			break;
1474 		case 'c':
1475 			servconf_add_hostcert("[command-line]", 0,
1476 			    &options, optarg);
1477 			break;
1478 		case 'd':
1479 			if (debug_flag == 0) {
1480 				debug_flag = 1;
1481 				options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
1482 			} else if (options.log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
1483 				options.log_level++;
1484 			break;
1485 		case 'D':
1486 			no_daemon_flag = 1;
1487 			break;
1488 		case 'E':
1489 			logfile = optarg;
1490 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1491 		case 'e':
1492 			log_stderr = 1;
1493 			break;
1494 		case 'i':
1495 			inetd_flag = 1;
1496 			break;
1497 		case 'r':
1498 			rexec_flag = 0;
1499 			break;
1500 		case 'R':
1501 			rexeced_flag = 1;
1502 			inetd_flag = 1;
1503 			break;
1504 		case 'Q':
1505 			/* ignored */
1506 			break;
1507 		case 'q':
1508 			options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_QUIET;
1509 			break;
1510 		case 'b':
1511 			/* protocol 1, ignored */
1512 			break;
1513 		case 'p':
1514 			options.ports_from_cmdline = 1;
1515 			if (options.num_ports >= MAX_PORTS) {
1516 				fprintf(stderr, "too many ports.\n");
1517 				exit(1);
1518 			}
1519 			options.ports[options.num_ports++] = a2port(optarg);
1520 			if (options.ports[options.num_ports-1] <= 0) {
1521 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad port number.\n");
1522 				exit(1);
1523 			}
1524 			break;
1525 		case 'g':
1526 			if ((options.login_grace_time = convtime(optarg)) == -1) {
1527 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid login grace time.\n");
1528 				exit(1);
1529 			}
1530 			break;
1531 		case 'k':
1532 			/* protocol 1, ignored */
1533 			break;
1534 		case 'h':
1535 			servconf_add_hostkey("[command-line]", 0,
1536 			    &options, optarg, 1);
1537 			break;
1538 		case 't':
1539 			test_flag = 1;
1540 			break;
1541 		case 'T':
1542 			test_flag = 2;
1543 			break;
1544 		case 'C':
1545 			connection_info = get_connection_info(ssh, 0, 0);
1546 			if (parse_server_match_testspec(connection_info,
1547 			    optarg) == -1)
1548 				exit(1);
1549 			break;
1550 		case 'u':
1551 			utmp_len = (u_int)strtonum(optarg, 0, HOST_NAME_MAX+1+1, NULL);
1552 			if (utmp_len > HOST_NAME_MAX+1) {
1553 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid utmp length.\n");
1554 				exit(1);
1555 			}
1556 			break;
1557 		case 'o':
1558 			line = xstrdup(optarg);
1559 			if (process_server_config_line(&options, line,
1560 			    "command-line", 0, NULL, NULL, &includes) != 0)
1561 				exit(1);
1562 			free(line);
1563 			break;
1564 		case '?':
1565 		default:
1566 			usage();
1567 			break;
1568 		}
1569 	}
1570 	if (rexeced_flag || inetd_flag)
1571 		rexec_flag = 0;
1572 	if (!test_flag && rexec_flag && !path_absolute(av[0]))
1573 		fatal("sshd re-exec requires execution with an absolute path");
1574 	if (rexeced_flag)
1575 		closefrom(REEXEC_MIN_FREE_FD);
1576 	else
1577 		closefrom(REEXEC_DEVCRYPTO_RESERVED_FD);
1578 
1579 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1580 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
1581 #endif
1582 
1583 	/* If requested, redirect the logs to the specified logfile. */
1584 	if (logfile != NULL)
1585 		log_redirect_stderr_to(logfile);
1586 	/*
1587 	 * Force logging to stderr until we have loaded the private host
1588 	 * key (unless started from inetd)
1589 	 */
1590 	log_init(__progname,
1591 	    options.log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_NOT_SET ?
1592 	    SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : options.log_level,
1593 	    options.log_facility == SYSLOG_FACILITY_NOT_SET ?
1594 	    SYSLOG_FACILITY_AUTH : options.log_facility,
1595 	    log_stderr || !inetd_flag || debug_flag);
1596 
1597 	sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key = 0;
1598 
1599 	/*
1600 	 * If we're not doing an extended test do not silently ignore connection
1601 	 * test params.
1602 	 */
1603 	if (test_flag < 2 && connection_info != NULL)
1604 		fatal("Config test connection parameter (-C) provided without "
1605 		   "test mode (-T)");
1606 
1607 	/* Fetch our configuration */
1608 	if ((cfg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1609 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
1610 	if (rexeced_flag) {
1611 		setproctitle("%s", "[rexeced]");
1612 		recv_rexec_state(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD, cfg);
1613 		if (!debug_flag) {
1614 			startup_pipe = dup(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1615 			close(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1616 			/*
1617 			 * Signal parent that this child is at a point where
1618 			 * they can go away if they have a SIGHUP pending.
1619 			 */
1620 			(void)atomicio(vwrite, startup_pipe, "\0", 1);
1621 		}
1622 	} else if (strcasecmp(config_file_name, "none") != 0)
1623 		load_server_config(config_file_name, cfg);
1624 
1625 	parse_server_config(&options, rexeced_flag ? "rexec" : config_file_name,
1626 	    cfg, &includes, NULL);
1627 
1628 	/* Fill in default values for those options not explicitly set. */
1629 	fill_default_server_options(&options);
1630 
1631 	/* challenge-response is implemented via keyboard interactive */
1632 	if (options.challenge_response_authentication)
1633 		options.kbd_interactive_authentication = 1;
1634 
1635 	/* Check that options are sensible */
1636 	if (options.authorized_keys_command_user == NULL &&
1637 	    (options.authorized_keys_command != NULL &&
1638 	    strcasecmp(options.authorized_keys_command, "none") != 0))
1639 		fatal("AuthorizedKeysCommand set without "
1640 		    "AuthorizedKeysCommandUser");
1641 	if (options.authorized_principals_command_user == NULL &&
1642 	    (options.authorized_principals_command != NULL &&
1643 	    strcasecmp(options.authorized_principals_command, "none") != 0))
1644 		fatal("AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand set without "
1645 		    "AuthorizedPrincipalsCommandUser");
1646 
1647 	/*
1648 	 * Check whether there is any path through configured auth methods.
1649 	 * Unfortunately it is not possible to verify this generally before
1650 	 * daemonisation in the presence of Match block, but this catches
1651 	 * and warns for trivial misconfigurations that could break login.
1652 	 */
1653 	if (options.num_auth_methods != 0) {
1654 		for (i = 0; i < options.num_auth_methods; i++) {
1655 			if (auth2_methods_valid(options.auth_methods[i],
1656 			    1) == 0)
1657 				break;
1658 		}
1659 		if (i >= options.num_auth_methods)
1660 			fatal("AuthenticationMethods cannot be satisfied by "
1661 			    "enabled authentication methods");
1662 	}
1663 
1664 	/* Check that there are no remaining arguments. */
1665 	if (optind < ac) {
1666 		fprintf(stderr, "Extra argument %s.\n", av[optind]);
1667 		exit(1);
1668 	}
1669 
1670 	debug("sshd version %s, %s", SSH_VERSION,
1671 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1672 	    OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION)
1673 #else
1674 	    "without OpenSSL"
1675 #endif
1676 	);
1677 
1678 	/* load host keys */
1679 	sensitive_data.host_keys = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1680 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1681 	sensitive_data.host_pubkeys = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1682 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1683 
1684 	if (options.host_key_agent) {
1685 		if (strcmp(options.host_key_agent, SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME))
1686 			setenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME,
1687 			    options.host_key_agent, 1);
1688 		if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(NULL)) == 0)
1689 			have_agent = 1;
1690 		else
1691 			error("Could not connect to agent \"%s\": %s",
1692 			    options.host_key_agent, ssh_err(r));
1693 	}
1694 
1695 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
1696 		int ll = options.host_key_file_userprovided[i] ?
1697 		    SYSLOG_LEVEL_ERROR : SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
1698 
1699 		if (options.host_key_files[i] == NULL)
1700 			continue;
1701 		if ((r = sshkey_load_private(options.host_key_files[i], "",
1702 		    &key, NULL)) != 0 && r != SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR)
1703 			do_log2(ll, "Unable to load host key \"%s\": %s",
1704 			    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1705 		if (sshkey_is_sk(key) &&
1706 		    key->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD) {
1707 			debug("host key %s requires user presence, ignoring",
1708 			    options.host_key_files[i]);
1709 			key->sk_flags &= ~SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD;
1710 		}
1711 		if (r == 0 && key != NULL &&
1712 		    (r = sshkey_shield_private(key)) != 0) {
1713 			do_log2(ll, "Unable to shield host key \"%s\": %s",
1714 			    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1715 			sshkey_free(key);
1716 			key = NULL;
1717 		}
1718 		if ((r = sshkey_load_public(options.host_key_files[i],
1719 		    &pubkey, NULL)) != 0 && r != SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR)
1720 			do_log2(ll, "Unable to load host key \"%s\": %s",
1721 			    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1722 		if (pubkey != NULL && key != NULL) {
1723 			if (!sshkey_equal(pubkey, key)) {
1724 				error("Public key for %s does not match "
1725 				    "private key", options.host_key_files[i]);
1726 				sshkey_free(pubkey);
1727 				pubkey = NULL;
1728 			}
1729 		}
1730 		if (pubkey == NULL && key != NULL) {
1731 			if ((r = sshkey_from_private(key, &pubkey)) != 0)
1732 				fatal("Could not demote key: \"%s\": %s",
1733 				    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1734 		}
1735 		sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = key;
1736 		sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] = pubkey;
1737 
1738 		if (key == NULL && pubkey != NULL && have_agent) {
1739 			debug("will rely on agent for hostkey %s",
1740 			    options.host_key_files[i]);
1741 			keytype = pubkey->type;
1742 		} else if (key != NULL) {
1743 			keytype = key->type;
1744 			accumulate_host_timing_secret(cfg, key);
1745 		} else {
1746 			do_log2(ll, "Unable to load host key: %s",
1747 			    options.host_key_files[i]);
1748 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = NULL;
1749 			sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] = NULL;
1750 			continue;
1751 		}
1752 
1753 		switch (keytype) {
1754 		case KEY_RSA:
1755 		case KEY_DSA:
1756 		case KEY_ECDSA:
1757 		case KEY_ED25519:
1758 		case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
1759 		case KEY_ED25519_SK:
1760 		case KEY_XMSS:
1761 			if (have_agent || key != NULL)
1762 				sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key = 1;
1763 			break;
1764 		}
1765 		if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(pubkey, options.fingerprint_hash,
1766 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
1767 			fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
1768 		debug("%s host key #%d: %s %s",
1769 		    key ? "private" : "agent", i, sshkey_ssh_name(pubkey), fp);
1770 		free(fp);
1771 	}
1772 	accumulate_host_timing_secret(cfg, NULL);
1773 	if (!sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key) {
1774 		logit("sshd: no hostkeys available -- exiting.");
1775 		exit(1);
1776 	}
1777 
1778 	/*
1779 	 * Load certificates. They are stored in an array at identical
1780 	 * indices to the public keys that they relate to.
1781 	 */
1782 	sensitive_data.host_certificates = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1783 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1784 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++)
1785 		sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] = NULL;
1786 
1787 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_cert_files; i++) {
1788 		if (options.host_cert_files[i] == NULL)
1789 			continue;
1790 		if ((r = sshkey_load_public(options.host_cert_files[i],
1791 		    &key, NULL)) != 0) {
1792 			error("Could not load host certificate \"%s\": %s",
1793 			    options.host_cert_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1794 			continue;
1795 		}
1796 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
1797 			error("Certificate file is not a certificate: %s",
1798 			    options.host_cert_files[i]);
1799 			sshkey_free(key);
1800 			continue;
1801 		}
1802 		/* Find matching private key */
1803 		for (j = 0; j < options.num_host_key_files; j++) {
1804 			if (sshkey_equal_public(key,
1805 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[j])) {
1806 				sensitive_data.host_certificates[j] = key;
1807 				break;
1808 			}
1809 		}
1810 		if (j >= options.num_host_key_files) {
1811 			error("No matching private key for certificate: %s",
1812 			    options.host_cert_files[i]);
1813 			sshkey_free(key);
1814 			continue;
1815 		}
1816 		sensitive_data.host_certificates[j] = key;
1817 		debug("host certificate: #%u type %d %s", j, key->type,
1818 		    sshkey_type(key));
1819 	}
1820 
1821 	if (use_privsep) {
1822 		struct stat st;
1823 
1824 		if (getpwnam(SSH_PRIVSEP_USER) == NULL)
1825 			fatal("Privilege separation user %s does not exist",
1826 			    SSH_PRIVSEP_USER);
1827 		endpwent();
1828 		if ((stat(_PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR, &st) == -1) ||
1829 		    (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) == 0))
1830 			fatal("Missing privilege separation directory: %s",
1831 			    _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR);
1832 		if (st.st_uid != 0 || (st.st_mode & (S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH)) != 0)
1833 			fatal("%s must be owned by root and not group or "
1834 			    "world-writable.", _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR);
1835 	}
1836 
1837 	if (test_flag > 1) {
1838 		/*
1839 		 * If no connection info was provided by -C then use
1840 		 * use a blank one that will cause no predicate to match.
1841 		 */
1842 		if (connection_info == NULL)
1843 			connection_info = get_connection_info(ssh, 0, 0);
1844 		connection_info->test = 1;
1845 		parse_server_match_config(&options, &includes, connection_info);
1846 		dump_config(&options);
1847 	}
1848 
1849 	/* Configuration looks good, so exit if in test mode. */
1850 	if (test_flag)
1851 		exit(0);
1852 
1853 	if (rexec_flag) {
1854 		if (rexec_argc < 0)
1855 			fatal("rexec_argc %d < 0", rexec_argc);
1856 		rexec_argv = xcalloc(rexec_argc + 2, sizeof(char *));
1857 		for (i = 0; i < (u_int)rexec_argc; i++) {
1858 			debug("rexec_argv[%d]='%s'", i, saved_argv[i]);
1859 			rexec_argv[i] = saved_argv[i];
1860 		}
1861 		rexec_argv[rexec_argc] = "-R";
1862 		rexec_argv[rexec_argc + 1] = NULL;
1863 	}
1864 	listener_proctitle = prepare_proctitle(ac, av);
1865 
1866 	/* Ensure that umask disallows at least group and world write */
1867 	new_umask = umask(0077) | 0022;
1868 	(void) umask(new_umask);
1869 
1870 	/* Initialize the log (it is reinitialized below in case we forked). */
1871 	if (debug_flag && (!inetd_flag || rexeced_flag))
1872 		log_stderr = 1;
1873 	log_init(__progname, options.log_level,
1874 	    options.log_facility, log_stderr);
1875 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_log_verbose; i++)
1876 		log_verbose_add(options.log_verbose[i]);
1877 
1878 	/*
1879 	 * If not in debugging mode, not started from inetd and not already
1880 	 * daemonized (eg re-exec via SIGHUP), disconnect from the controlling
1881 	 * terminal, and fork.  The original process exits.
1882 	 */
1883 	already_daemon = daemonized();
1884 	if (!(debug_flag || inetd_flag || no_daemon_flag || already_daemon)) {
1885 
1886 		if (daemon(0, 0) == -1)
1887 			fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1888 
1889 		disconnect_controlling_tty();
1890 	}
1891 	/* Reinitialize the log (because of the fork above). */
1892 	log_init(__progname, options.log_level, options.log_facility, log_stderr);
1893 
1894 	/* Chdir to the root directory so that the current disk can be
1895 	   unmounted if desired. */
1896 	if (chdir("/") == -1)
1897 		error("chdir(\"/\"): %s", strerror(errno));
1898 
1899 	/* ignore SIGPIPE */
1900 	ssh_signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
1901 
1902 	/* Get a connection, either from inetd or a listening TCP socket */
1903 	if (inetd_flag) {
1904 		server_accept_inetd(&sock_in, &sock_out);
1905 	} else {
1906 		server_listen();
1907 
1908 		ssh_signal(SIGHUP, sighup_handler);
1909 		ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, main_sigchld_handler);
1910 		ssh_signal(SIGTERM, sigterm_handler);
1911 		ssh_signal(SIGQUIT, sigterm_handler);
1912 
1913 		/*
1914 		 * Write out the pid file after the sigterm handler
1915 		 * is setup and the listen sockets are bound
1916 		 */
1917 		if (options.pid_file != NULL && !debug_flag) {
1918 			FILE *f = fopen(options.pid_file, "w");
1919 
1920 			if (f == NULL) {
1921 				error("Couldn't create pid file \"%s\": %s",
1922 				    options.pid_file, strerror(errno));
1923 			} else {
1924 				fprintf(f, "%ld\n", (long) getpid());
1925 				fclose(f);
1926 			}
1927 		}
1928 
1929 		/* Accept a connection and return in a forked child */
1930 		server_accept_loop(&sock_in, &sock_out,
1931 		    &newsock, config_s);
1932 	}
1933 
1934 	/* This is the child processing a new connection. */
1935 	setproctitle("%s", "[accepted]");
1936 
1937 	/*
1938 	 * Create a new session and process group since the 4.4BSD
1939 	 * setlogin() affects the entire process group.  We don't
1940 	 * want the child to be able to affect the parent.
1941 	 */
1942 	if (!debug_flag && !inetd_flag && setsid() == -1)
1943 		error("setsid: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1944 
1945 	if (rexec_flag) {
1946 		debug("rexec start in %d out %d newsock %d pipe %d sock %d",
1947 		    sock_in, sock_out, newsock, startup_pipe, config_s[0]);
1948 		dup2(newsock, STDIN_FILENO);
1949 		dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
1950 		if (startup_pipe == -1)
1951 			close(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1952 		else if (startup_pipe != REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD) {
1953 			dup2(startup_pipe, REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1954 			close(startup_pipe);
1955 			startup_pipe = REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD;
1956 		}
1957 
1958 		dup2(config_s[1], REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
1959 		close(config_s[1]);
1960 
1961 		ssh_signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* avoid reset to SIG_DFL */
1962 		execv(rexec_argv[0], rexec_argv);
1963 
1964 		/* Reexec has failed, fall back and continue */
1965 		error("rexec of %s failed: %s", rexec_argv[0], strerror(errno));
1966 		recv_rexec_state(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD, NULL);
1967 		log_init(__progname, options.log_level,
1968 		    options.log_facility, log_stderr);
1969 
1970 		/* Clean up fds */
1971 		close(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
1972 		newsock = sock_out = sock_in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1973 		if (stdfd_devnull(1, 1, 0) == -1)
1974 			error("%s: stdfd_devnull failed", __func__);
1975 		debug("rexec cleanup in %d out %d newsock %d pipe %d sock %d",
1976 		    sock_in, sock_out, newsock, startup_pipe, config_s[0]);
1977 	}
1978 
1979 	/* Executed child processes don't need these. */
1980 	fcntl(sock_out, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1981 	fcntl(sock_in, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1982 
1983 	/* We will not restart on SIGHUP since it no longer makes sense. */
1984 	ssh_signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
1985 	ssh_signal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
1986 	ssh_signal(SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
1987 	ssh_signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
1988 	ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
1989 
1990 	/*
1991 	 * Register our connection.  This turns encryption off because we do
1992 	 * not have a key.
1993 	 */
1994 	if ((ssh = ssh_packet_set_connection(NULL, sock_in, sock_out)) == NULL)
1995 		fatal("Unable to create connection");
1996 	the_active_state = ssh;
1997 	ssh_packet_set_server(ssh);
1998 
1999 	check_ip_options(ssh);
2000 
2001 	/* Prepare the channels layer */
2002 	channel_init_channels(ssh);
2003 	channel_set_af(ssh, options.address_family);
2004 	process_permitopen(ssh, &options);
2005 
2006 	/* Set SO_KEEPALIVE if requested. */
2007 	if (options.tcp_keep_alive && ssh_packet_connection_is_on_socket(ssh) &&
2008 	    setsockopt(sock_in, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)
2009 		error("setsockopt SO_KEEPALIVE: %.100s", strerror(errno));
2010 
2011 	if ((remote_port = ssh_remote_port(ssh)) < 0) {
2012 		debug("ssh_remote_port failed");
2013 		cleanup_exit(255);
2014 	}
2015 
2016 	/*
2017 	 * The rest of the code depends on the fact that
2018 	 * ssh_remote_ipaddr() caches the remote ip, even if
2019 	 * the socket goes away.
2020 	 */
2021 	remote_ip = ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
2022 
2023 	rdomain = ssh_packet_rdomain_in(ssh);
2024 
2025 	/* Log the connection. */
2026 	laddr = get_local_ipaddr(sock_in);
2027 	verbose("Connection from %s port %d on %s port %d%s%s%s",
2028 	    remote_ip, remote_port, laddr,  ssh_local_port(ssh),
2029 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : " rdomain \"",
2030 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : rdomain,
2031 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : "\"");
2032 	free(laddr);
2033 
2034 	/*
2035 	 * We don't want to listen forever unless the other side
2036 	 * successfully authenticates itself.  So we set up an alarm which is
2037 	 * cleared after successful authentication.  A limit of zero
2038 	 * indicates no limit. Note that we don't set the alarm in debugging
2039 	 * mode; it is just annoying to have the server exit just when you
2040 	 * are about to discover the bug.
2041 	 */
2042 	ssh_signal(SIGALRM, grace_alarm_handler);
2043 	if (!debug_flag)
2044 		alarm(options.login_grace_time);
2045 
2046 	if ((r = kex_exchange_identification(ssh, -1,
2047 	    options.version_addendum)) != 0)
2048 		sshpkt_fatal(ssh, r, "banner exchange");
2049 
2050 	ssh_packet_set_nonblocking(ssh);
2051 
2052 	/* allocate authentication context */
2053 	authctxt = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*authctxt));
2054 	ssh->authctxt = authctxt;
2055 
2056 	/* XXX global for cleanup, access from other modules */
2057 	the_authctxt = authctxt;
2058 
2059 	/* Set default key authentication options */
2060 	if ((auth_opts = sshauthopt_new_with_keys_defaults()) == NULL)
2061 		fatal("allocation failed");
2062 
2063 	/* prepare buffer to collect messages to display to user after login */
2064 	if ((loginmsg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2065 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
2066 	auth_debug_reset();
2067 
2068 	if (use_privsep) {
2069 		if (privsep_preauth(ssh) == 1)
2070 			goto authenticated;
2071 	} else if (have_agent) {
2072 		if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&auth_sock)) != 0) {
2073 			error("Unable to get agent socket: %s", ssh_err(r));
2074 			have_agent = 0;
2075 		}
2076 	}
2077 
2078 	/* perform the key exchange */
2079 	/* authenticate user and start session */
2080 	do_ssh2_kex(ssh);
2081 	do_authentication2(ssh);
2082 
2083 	/*
2084 	 * If we use privilege separation, the unprivileged child transfers
2085 	 * the current keystate and exits
2086 	 */
2087 	if (use_privsep) {
2088 		mm_send_keystate(ssh, pmonitor);
2089 		ssh_packet_clear_keys(ssh);
2090 		exit(0);
2091 	}
2092 
2093  authenticated:
2094 	/*
2095 	 * Cancel the alarm we set to limit the time taken for
2096 	 * authentication.
2097 	 */
2098 	alarm(0);
2099 	ssh_signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
2100 	authctxt->authenticated = 1;
2101 	if (startup_pipe != -1) {
2102 		close(startup_pipe);
2103 		startup_pipe = -1;
2104 	}
2105 
2106 	if (options.routing_domain != NULL)
2107 		set_process_rdomain(ssh, options.routing_domain);
2108 
2109 	/*
2110 	 * In privilege separation, we fork another child and prepare
2111 	 * file descriptor passing.
2112 	 */
2113 	if (use_privsep) {
2114 		privsep_postauth(ssh, authctxt);
2115 		/* the monitor process [priv] will not return */
2116 	}
2117 
2118 	ssh_packet_set_timeout(ssh, options.client_alive_interval,
2119 	    options.client_alive_count_max);
2120 
2121 	/* Try to send all our hostkeys to the client */
2122 	notify_hostkeys(ssh);
2123 
2124 	/* Start session. */
2125 	do_authenticated(ssh, authctxt);
2126 
2127 	/* The connection has been terminated. */
2128 	ssh_packet_get_bytes(ssh, &ibytes, &obytes);
2129 	verbose("Transferred: sent %llu, received %llu bytes",
2130 	    (unsigned long long)obytes, (unsigned long long)ibytes);
2131 
2132 	verbose("Closing connection to %.500s port %d", remote_ip, remote_port);
2133 	ssh_packet_close(ssh);
2134 
2135 	if (use_privsep)
2136 		mm_terminate();
2137 
2138 	exit(0);
2139 }
2140 
2141 int
2142 sshd_hostkey_sign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *privkey,
2143     struct sshkey *pubkey, u_char **signature, size_t *slenp,
2144     const u_char *data, size_t dlen, const char *alg)
2145 {
2146 	int r;
2147 
2148 	if (use_privsep) {
2149 		if (privkey) {
2150 			if (mm_sshkey_sign(ssh, privkey, signature, slenp,
2151 			    data, dlen, alg, options.sk_provider, NULL,
2152 			    ssh->compat) < 0)
2153 				fatal("%s: privkey sign failed", __func__);
2154 		} else {
2155 			if (mm_sshkey_sign(ssh, pubkey, signature, slenp,
2156 			    data, dlen, alg, options.sk_provider, NULL,
2157 			    ssh->compat) < 0)
2158 				fatal("%s: pubkey sign failed", __func__);
2159 		}
2160 	} else {
2161 		if (privkey) {
2162 			if (sshkey_sign(privkey, signature, slenp, data, dlen,
2163 			    alg, options.sk_provider, NULL, ssh->compat) < 0)
2164 				fatal("%s: privkey sign failed", __func__);
2165 		} else {
2166 			if ((r = ssh_agent_sign(auth_sock, pubkey,
2167 			    signature, slenp, data, dlen, alg,
2168 			    ssh->compat)) != 0) {
2169 				fatal("%s: agent sign failed: %s",
2170 				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
2171 			}
2172 		}
2173 	}
2174 	return 0;
2175 }
2176 
2177 /* SSH2 key exchange */
2178 static void
2179 do_ssh2_kex(struct ssh *ssh)
2180 {
2181 	char *myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAX] = { KEX_SERVER };
2182 	struct kex *kex;
2183 	int r;
2184 
2185 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS] = compat_kex_proposal(
2186 	    options.kex_algorithms);
2187 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_ENC_ALGS_CTOS] = compat_cipher_proposal(
2188 	    options.ciphers);
2189 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_ENC_ALGS_STOC] = compat_cipher_proposal(
2190 	    options.ciphers);
2191 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAC_ALGS_CTOS] =
2192 	    myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAC_ALGS_STOC] = options.macs;
2193 
2194 	if (options.compression == COMP_NONE) {
2195 		myproposal[PROPOSAL_COMP_ALGS_CTOS] =
2196 		    myproposal[PROPOSAL_COMP_ALGS_STOC] = "none";
2197 	}
2198 
2199 	if (options.rekey_limit || options.rekey_interval)
2200 		ssh_packet_set_rekey_limits(ssh, options.rekey_limit,
2201 		    options.rekey_interval);
2202 
2203 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS] = compat_pkalg_proposal(
2204 	    list_hostkey_types());
2205 
2206 	/* start key exchange */
2207 	if ((r = kex_setup(ssh, myproposal)) != 0)
2208 		fatal("kex_setup: %s", ssh_err(r));
2209 	kex = ssh->kex;
2210 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2211 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kex_gen_server;
2212 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kex_gen_server;
2213 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kex_gen_server;
2214 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
2215 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
2216 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_server;
2217 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_server;
2218 	kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kex_gen_server;
2219 #endif
2220 	kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kex_gen_server;
2221 	kex->kex[KEX_KEM_SNTRUP4591761X25519_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
2222 	kex->load_host_public_key=&get_hostkey_public_by_type;
2223 	kex->load_host_private_key=&get_hostkey_private_by_type;
2224 	kex->host_key_index=&get_hostkey_index;
2225 	kex->sign = sshd_hostkey_sign;
2226 
2227 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &kex->done);
2228 
2229 	session_id2 = kex->session_id;
2230 	session_id2_len = kex->session_id_len;
2231 
2232 #ifdef DEBUG_KEXDH
2233 	/* send 1st encrypted/maced/compressed message */
2234 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_IGNORE)) != 0 ||
2235 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "markus")) != 0 ||
2236 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0 ||
2237 	    (r = ssh_packet_write_wait(ssh)) != 0)
2238 		fatal("%s: send test: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
2239 #endif
2240 	debug("KEX done");
2241 }
2242 
2243 /* server specific fatal cleanup */
2244 void
2245 cleanup_exit(int i)
2246 {
2247 	if (the_active_state != NULL && the_authctxt != NULL) {
2248 		do_cleanup(the_active_state, the_authctxt);
2249 		if (use_privsep && privsep_is_preauth &&
2250 		    pmonitor != NULL && pmonitor->m_pid > 1) {
2251 			debug("Killing privsep child %d", pmonitor->m_pid);
2252 			if (kill(pmonitor->m_pid, SIGKILL) != 0 &&
2253 			    errno != ESRCH)
2254 				error("%s: kill(%d): %s", __func__,
2255 				    pmonitor->m_pid, strerror(errno));
2256 		}
2257 	}
2258 	_exit(i);
2259 }
2260