xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/sshconnect2.c (revision 5e3c7963eb248119b7dfd4b0defad58a7d9cd306)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshconnect2.c,v 1.301 2019/01/21 10:38:54 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2008 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/types.h>
28 #include <sys/socket.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 #include <sys/queue.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <fcntl.h>
35 #include <netdb.h>
36 #include <stdio.h>
37 #include <string.h>
38 #include <signal.h>
39 #include <pwd.h>
40 #include <unistd.h>
41 #include <vis.h>
42 
43 #include "xmalloc.h"
44 #include "ssh.h"
45 #include "ssh2.h"
46 #include "sshbuf.h"
47 #include "packet.h"
48 #include "compat.h"
49 #include "cipher.h"
50 #include "sshkey.h"
51 #include "kex.h"
52 #include "myproposal.h"
53 #include "sshconnect.h"
54 #include "authfile.h"
55 #include "dh.h"
56 #include "authfd.h"
57 #include "log.h"
58 #include "misc.h"
59 #include "readconf.h"
60 #include "match.h"
61 #include "dispatch.h"
62 #include "canohost.h"
63 #include "msg.h"
64 #include "pathnames.h"
65 #include "uidswap.h"
66 #include "hostfile.h"
67 #include "ssherr.h"
68 #include "utf8.h"
69 
70 #ifdef GSSAPI
71 #include "ssh-gss.h"
72 #endif
73 
74 /* import */
75 extern char *client_version_string;
76 extern char *server_version_string;
77 extern Options options;
78 
79 /*
80  * SSH2 key exchange
81  */
82 
83 u_char *session_id2 = NULL;
84 u_int session_id2_len = 0;
85 
86 char *xxx_host;
87 struct sockaddr *xxx_hostaddr;
88 
89 static int
90 verify_host_key_callback(struct sshkey *hostkey, struct ssh *ssh)
91 {
92 	if (verify_host_key(xxx_host, xxx_hostaddr, hostkey) == -1)
93 		fatal("Host key verification failed.");
94 	return 0;
95 }
96 
97 static char *
98 order_hostkeyalgs(char *host, struct sockaddr *hostaddr, u_short port)
99 {
100 	char *oavail, *avail, *first, *last, *alg, *hostname, *ret;
101 	size_t maxlen;
102 	struct hostkeys *hostkeys;
103 	int ktype;
104 	u_int i;
105 
106 	/* Find all hostkeys for this hostname */
107 	get_hostfile_hostname_ipaddr(host, hostaddr, port, &hostname, NULL);
108 	hostkeys = init_hostkeys();
109 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_user_hostfiles; i++)
110 		load_hostkeys(hostkeys, hostname, options.user_hostfiles[i]);
111 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_system_hostfiles; i++)
112 		load_hostkeys(hostkeys, hostname, options.system_hostfiles[i]);
113 
114 	oavail = avail = xstrdup(KEX_DEFAULT_PK_ALG);
115 	maxlen = strlen(avail) + 1;
116 	first = xmalloc(maxlen);
117 	last = xmalloc(maxlen);
118 	*first = *last = '\0';
119 
120 #define ALG_APPEND(to, from) \
121 	do { \
122 		if (*to != '\0') \
123 			strlcat(to, ",", maxlen); \
124 		strlcat(to, from, maxlen); \
125 	} while (0)
126 
127 	while ((alg = strsep(&avail, ",")) && *alg != '\0') {
128 		if ((ktype = sshkey_type_from_name(alg)) == KEY_UNSPEC)
129 			fatal("%s: unknown alg %s", __func__, alg);
130 		if (lookup_key_in_hostkeys_by_type(hostkeys,
131 		    sshkey_type_plain(ktype), NULL))
132 			ALG_APPEND(first, alg);
133 		else
134 			ALG_APPEND(last, alg);
135 	}
136 #undef ALG_APPEND
137 	xasprintf(&ret, "%s%s%s", first,
138 	    (*first == '\0' || *last == '\0') ? "" : ",", last);
139 	if (*first != '\0')
140 		debug3("%s: prefer hostkeyalgs: %s", __func__, first);
141 
142 	free(first);
143 	free(last);
144 	free(hostname);
145 	free(oavail);
146 	free_hostkeys(hostkeys);
147 
148 	return ret;
149 }
150 
151 void
152 ssh_kex2(struct ssh *ssh, char *host, struct sockaddr *hostaddr, u_short port)
153 {
154 	char *myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAX] = { KEX_CLIENT };
155 	char *s, *all_key;
156 	int r;
157 
158 	xxx_host = host;
159 	xxx_hostaddr = hostaddr;
160 
161 	if ((s = kex_names_cat(options.kex_algorithms, "ext-info-c")) == NULL)
162 		fatal("%s: kex_names_cat", __func__);
163 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS] = compat_kex_proposal(s);
164 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_ENC_ALGS_CTOS] =
165 	    compat_cipher_proposal(options.ciphers);
166 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_ENC_ALGS_STOC] =
167 	    compat_cipher_proposal(options.ciphers);
168 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_COMP_ALGS_CTOS] =
169 	    myproposal[PROPOSAL_COMP_ALGS_STOC] = options.compression ?
170 	    "zlib@openssh.com,zlib,none" : "none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib";
171 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAC_ALGS_CTOS] =
172 	    myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAC_ALGS_STOC] = options.macs;
173 	if (options.hostkeyalgorithms != NULL) {
174 		all_key = sshkey_alg_list(0, 0, 1, ',');
175 		if (kex_assemble_names(&options.hostkeyalgorithms,
176 		    KEX_DEFAULT_PK_ALG, all_key) != 0)
177 			fatal("%s: kex_assemble_namelist", __func__);
178 		free(all_key);
179 		myproposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS] =
180 		    compat_pkalg_proposal(options.hostkeyalgorithms);
181 	} else {
182 		/* Enforce default */
183 		options.hostkeyalgorithms = xstrdup(KEX_DEFAULT_PK_ALG);
184 		/* Prefer algorithms that we already have keys for */
185 		myproposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS] =
186 		    compat_pkalg_proposal(
187 		    order_hostkeyalgs(host, hostaddr, port));
188 	}
189 
190 	if (options.rekey_limit || options.rekey_interval)
191 		ssh_packet_set_rekey_limits(ssh, options.rekey_limit,
192 		    options.rekey_interval);
193 
194 	/* start key exchange */
195 	if ((r = kex_setup(ssh, myproposal)) != 0)
196 		fatal("kex_setup: %s", ssh_err(r));
197 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
198 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kex_gen_client;
199 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kex_gen_client;
200 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kex_gen_client;
201 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
202 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
203 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_client;
204 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_client;
205 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kex_gen_client;
206 #endif
207 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kex_gen_client;
208 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_KEM_SNTRUP4591761X25519_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
209 	ssh->kex->verify_host_key=&verify_host_key_callback;
210 
211 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &ssh->kex->done);
212 
213 	/* remove ext-info from the KEX proposals for rekeying */
214 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS] =
215 	    compat_kex_proposal(options.kex_algorithms);
216 	if ((r = kex_prop2buf(ssh->kex->my, myproposal)) != 0)
217 		fatal("kex_prop2buf: %s", ssh_err(r));
218 
219 	session_id2 = ssh->kex->session_id;
220 	session_id2_len = ssh->kex->session_id_len;
221 
222 #ifdef DEBUG_KEXDH
223 	/* send 1st encrypted/maced/compressed message */
224 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_IGNORE)) != 0 ||
225 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "markus")) != 0 ||
226 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0 ||
227 	    (r = ssh_packet_write_wait(ssh)) != 0)
228 		fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
229 #endif
230 }
231 
232 /*
233  * Authenticate user
234  */
235 
236 typedef struct cauthctxt Authctxt;
237 typedef struct cauthmethod Authmethod;
238 typedef struct identity Identity;
239 typedef struct idlist Idlist;
240 
241 struct identity {
242 	TAILQ_ENTRY(identity) next;
243 	int	agent_fd;		/* >=0 if agent supports key */
244 	struct sshkey	*key;		/* public/private key */
245 	char	*filename;		/* comment for agent-only keys */
246 	int	tried;
247 	int	isprivate;		/* key points to the private key */
248 	int	userprovided;
249 };
250 TAILQ_HEAD(idlist, identity);
251 
252 struct cauthctxt {
253 	const char *server_user;
254 	const char *local_user;
255 	const char *host;
256 	const char *service;
257 	struct cauthmethod *method;
258 	sig_atomic_t success;
259 	char *authlist;
260 	/* pubkey */
261 	struct idlist keys;
262 	int agent_fd;
263 	/* hostbased */
264 	Sensitive *sensitive;
265 	char *oktypes, *ktypes;
266 	const char *active_ktype;
267 	/* kbd-interactive */
268 	int info_req_seen;
269 	int attempt_kbdint;
270 	/* password */
271 	int attempt_passwd;
272 	/* generic */
273 	void *methoddata;
274 };
275 
276 struct cauthmethod {
277 	char	*name;		/* string to compare against server's list */
278 	int	(*userauth)(struct ssh *ssh);
279 	void	(*cleanup)(struct ssh *ssh);
280 	int	*enabled;	/* flag in option struct that enables method */
281 	int	*batch_flag;	/* flag in option struct that disables method */
282 };
283 
284 int	input_userauth_service_accept(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
285 int	input_userauth_ext_info(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
286 int	input_userauth_success(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
287 int	input_userauth_success_unexpected(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
288 int	input_userauth_failure(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
289 int	input_userauth_banner(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
290 int	input_userauth_error(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
291 int	input_userauth_info_req(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
292 int	input_userauth_pk_ok(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
293 int	input_userauth_passwd_changereq(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
294 
295 int	userauth_none(struct ssh *);
296 int	userauth_pubkey(struct ssh *);
297 int	userauth_passwd(struct ssh *);
298 int	userauth_kbdint(struct ssh *);
299 int	userauth_hostbased(struct ssh *);
300 
301 #ifdef GSSAPI
302 int	userauth_gssapi(struct ssh *);
303 int	input_gssapi_response(int type, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
304 int	input_gssapi_token(int type, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
305 int	input_gssapi_hash(int type, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
306 int	input_gssapi_error(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
307 int	input_gssapi_errtok(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
308 #endif
309 
310 void	userauth(struct ssh *, char *);
311 
312 static int sign_and_send_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *);
313 static void pubkey_prepare(Authctxt *);
314 static void pubkey_cleanup(Authctxt *);
315 static void pubkey_reset(Authctxt *);
316 static struct sshkey *load_identity_file(Identity *);
317 
318 static Authmethod *authmethod_get(char *authlist);
319 static Authmethod *authmethod_lookup(const char *name);
320 static char *authmethods_get(void);
321 
322 Authmethod authmethods[] = {
323 #ifdef GSSAPI
324 	{"gssapi-with-mic",
325 		userauth_gssapi,
326 		NULL,
327 		&options.gss_authentication,
328 		NULL},
329 #endif
330 	{"hostbased",
331 		userauth_hostbased,
332 		NULL,
333 		&options.hostbased_authentication,
334 		NULL},
335 	{"publickey",
336 		userauth_pubkey,
337 		NULL,
338 		&options.pubkey_authentication,
339 		NULL},
340 	{"keyboard-interactive",
341 		userauth_kbdint,
342 		NULL,
343 		&options.kbd_interactive_authentication,
344 		&options.batch_mode},
345 	{"password",
346 		userauth_passwd,
347 		NULL,
348 		&options.password_authentication,
349 		&options.batch_mode},
350 	{"none",
351 		userauth_none,
352 		NULL,
353 		NULL,
354 		NULL},
355 	{NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL}
356 };
357 
358 void
359 ssh_userauth2(struct ssh *ssh, const char *local_user,
360     const char *server_user, char *host, Sensitive *sensitive)
361 {
362 	Authctxt authctxt;
363 	int r;
364 
365 	if (options.challenge_response_authentication)
366 		options.kbd_interactive_authentication = 1;
367 	if (options.preferred_authentications == NULL)
368 		options.preferred_authentications = authmethods_get();
369 
370 	/* setup authentication context */
371 	memset(&authctxt, 0, sizeof(authctxt));
372 	authctxt.server_user = server_user;
373 	authctxt.local_user = local_user;
374 	authctxt.host = host;
375 	authctxt.service = "ssh-connection";		/* service name */
376 	authctxt.success = 0;
377 	authctxt.method = authmethod_lookup("none");
378 	authctxt.authlist = NULL;
379 	authctxt.methoddata = NULL;
380 	authctxt.sensitive = sensitive;
381 	authctxt.active_ktype = authctxt.oktypes = authctxt.ktypes = NULL;
382 	authctxt.info_req_seen = 0;
383 	authctxt.attempt_kbdint = 0;
384 	authctxt.attempt_passwd = 0;
385 	authctxt.agent_fd = -1;
386 	pubkey_prepare(&authctxt);
387 	if (authctxt.method == NULL) {
388 		fatal("%s: internal error: cannot send userauth none request",
389 		    __func__);
390 	}
391 
392 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
393 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "ssh-userauth")) != 0 ||
394 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
395 		fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
396 
397 	ssh->authctxt = &authctxt;
398 	ssh_dispatch_init(ssh, &input_userauth_error);
399 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO, &input_userauth_ext_info);
400 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT, &input_userauth_service_accept);
401 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &authctxt.success);	/* loop until success */
402 	ssh->authctxt = NULL;
403 
404 	pubkey_cleanup(&authctxt);
405 	ssh_dispatch_range(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_MIN, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_MAX, NULL);
406 
407 	if (!authctxt.success)
408 		fatal("Authentication failed.");
409 	debug("Authentication succeeded (%s).", authctxt.method->name);
410 }
411 
412 /* ARGSUSED */
413 int
414 input_userauth_service_accept(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
415 {
416 	int r;
417 
418 	if (ssh_packet_remaining(ssh) > 0) {
419 		char *reply;
420 
421 		if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &reply, NULL)) != 0)
422 			goto out;
423 		debug2("service_accept: %s", reply);
424 		free(reply);
425 	} else {
426 		debug2("buggy server: service_accept w/o service");
427 	}
428 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
429 		goto out;
430 	debug("SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received");
431 
432 	/* initial userauth request */
433 	userauth_none(ssh);
434 
435 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO, &input_userauth_error);
436 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS, &input_userauth_success);
437 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE, &input_userauth_failure);
438 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER, &input_userauth_banner);
439 	r = 0;
440  out:
441 	return r;
442 }
443 
444 /* ARGSUSED */
445 int
446 input_userauth_ext_info(int type, u_int32_t seqnr, struct ssh *ssh)
447 {
448 	return kex_input_ext_info(type, seqnr, ssh);
449 }
450 
451 void
452 userauth(struct ssh *ssh, char *authlist)
453 {
454 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
455 
456 	if (authctxt->method != NULL && authctxt->method->cleanup != NULL)
457 		authctxt->method->cleanup(ssh);
458 
459 	free(authctxt->methoddata);
460 	authctxt->methoddata = NULL;
461 	if (authlist == NULL) {
462 		authlist = authctxt->authlist;
463 	} else {
464 		free(authctxt->authlist);
465 		authctxt->authlist = authlist;
466 	}
467 	for (;;) {
468 		Authmethod *method = authmethod_get(authlist);
469 		if (method == NULL)
470 			fatal("%s@%s: Permission denied (%s).",
471 			    authctxt->server_user, authctxt->host, authlist);
472 		authctxt->method = method;
473 
474 		/* reset the per method handler */
475 		ssh_dispatch_range(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PER_METHOD_MIN,
476 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PER_METHOD_MAX, NULL);
477 
478 		/* and try new method */
479 		if (method->userauth(ssh) != 0) {
480 			debug2("we sent a %s packet, wait for reply", method->name);
481 			break;
482 		} else {
483 			debug2("we did not send a packet, disable method");
484 			method->enabled = NULL;
485 		}
486 	}
487 }
488 
489 /* ARGSUSED */
490 int
491 input_userauth_error(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
492 {
493 	fatal("%s: bad message during authentication: type %d", __func__, type);
494 	return 0;
495 }
496 
497 /* ARGSUSED */
498 int
499 input_userauth_banner(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
500 {
501 	char *msg = NULL;
502 	size_t len;
503 	int r;
504 
505 	debug3("%s", __func__);
506 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &msg, &len)) != 0 ||
507 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, NULL, NULL)) != 0)
508 		goto out;
509 	if (len > 0 && options.log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
510 		fmprintf(stderr, "%s", msg);
511 	r = 0;
512  out:
513 	free(msg);
514 	return r;
515 }
516 
517 /* ARGSUSED */
518 int
519 input_userauth_success(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
520 {
521 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
522 
523 	if (authctxt == NULL)
524 		fatal("%s: no authentication context", __func__);
525 	free(authctxt->authlist);
526 	authctxt->authlist = NULL;
527 	if (authctxt->method != NULL && authctxt->method->cleanup != NULL)
528 		authctxt->method->cleanup(ssh);
529 	free(authctxt->methoddata);
530 	authctxt->methoddata = NULL;
531 	authctxt->success = 1;			/* break out */
532 	return 0;
533 }
534 
535 int
536 input_userauth_success_unexpected(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
537 {
538 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
539 
540 	if (authctxt == NULL)
541 		fatal("%s: no authentication context", __func__);
542 
543 	fatal("Unexpected authentication success during %s.",
544 	    authctxt->method->name);
545 	return 0;
546 }
547 
548 /* ARGSUSED */
549 int
550 input_userauth_failure(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
551 {
552 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
553 	char *authlist = NULL;
554 	u_char partial;
555 	int r;
556 
557 	if (authctxt == NULL)
558 		fatal("input_userauth_failure: no authentication context");
559 
560 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &authlist, NULL)) != 0 ||
561 	    (r = sshpkt_get_u8(ssh, &partial)) != 0 ||
562 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
563 		goto out;
564 
565 	if (partial != 0) {
566 		verbose("Authenticated with partial success.");
567 		/* reset state */
568 		pubkey_reset(authctxt);
569 	}
570 	debug("Authentications that can continue: %s", authlist);
571 
572 	userauth(ssh, authlist);
573 	authlist = NULL;
574  out:
575 	free(authlist);
576 	return 0;
577 }
578 
579 /*
580  * Format an identity for logging including filename, key type, fingerprint
581  * and location (agent, etc.). Caller must free.
582  */
583 static char *
584 format_identity(Identity *id)
585 {
586 	char *fp = NULL, *ret = NULL;
587 
588 	if (id->key != NULL) {
589 	     fp = sshkey_fingerprint(id->key, options.fingerprint_hash,
590 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
591 	}
592 	xasprintf(&ret, "%s %s%s%s%s%s%s",
593 	    id->filename,
594 	    id->key ? sshkey_type(id->key) : "", id->key ? " " : "",
595 	    fp ? fp : "",
596 	    id->userprovided ? " explicit" : "",
597 	    (id->key && (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT)) ? " token" : "",
598 	    id->agent_fd != -1 ? " agent" : "");
599 	free(fp);
600 	return ret;
601 }
602 
603 /* ARGSUSED */
604 int
605 input_userauth_pk_ok(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
606 {
607 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
608 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
609 	Identity *id = NULL;
610 	int pktype, found = 0, sent = 0;
611 	size_t blen;
612 	char *pkalg = NULL, *fp = NULL, *ident = NULL;
613 	u_char *pkblob = NULL;
614 	int r;
615 
616 	if (authctxt == NULL)
617 		fatal("input_userauth_pk_ok: no authentication context");
618 
619 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &pkalg, NULL)) != 0 ||
620 	    (r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &pkblob, &blen)) != 0 ||
621 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
622 		goto done;
623 
624 	if ((pktype = sshkey_type_from_name(pkalg)) == KEY_UNSPEC) {
625 		debug("%s: server sent unknown pkalg %s", __func__, pkalg);
626 		goto done;
627 	}
628 	if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(pkblob, blen, &key)) != 0) {
629 		debug("no key from blob. pkalg %s: %s", pkalg, ssh_err(r));
630 		goto done;
631 	}
632 	if (key->type != pktype) {
633 		error("input_userauth_pk_ok: type mismatch "
634 		    "for decoded key (received %d, expected %d)",
635 		    key->type, pktype);
636 		goto done;
637 	}
638 
639 	/*
640 	 * search keys in the reverse order, because last candidate has been
641 	 * moved to the end of the queue.  this also avoids confusion by
642 	 * duplicate keys
643 	 */
644 	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(id, &authctxt->keys, idlist, next) {
645 		if (sshkey_equal(key, id->key)) {
646 			found = 1;
647 			break;
648 		}
649 	}
650 	if (!found || id == NULL) {
651 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
652 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
653 		error("%s: server replied with unknown key: %s %s", __func__,
654 		    sshkey_type(key), fp == NULL ? "<ERROR>" : fp);
655 		goto done;
656 	}
657 	ident = format_identity(id);
658 	debug("Server accepts key: %s", ident);
659 	sent = sign_and_send_pubkey(ssh, id);
660 	r = 0;
661  done:
662 	sshkey_free(key);
663 	free(ident);
664 	free(fp);
665 	free(pkalg);
666 	free(pkblob);
667 
668 	/* try another method if we did not send a packet */
669 	if (r == 0 && sent == 0)
670 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
671 	return r;
672 }
673 
674 #ifdef GSSAPI
675 int
676 userauth_gssapi(struct ssh *ssh)
677 {
678 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
679 	Gssctxt *gssctxt = NULL;
680 	static gss_OID_set gss_supported = NULL;
681 	static u_int mech = 0;
682 	OM_uint32 min;
683 	int r, ok = 0;
684 
685 	/* Try one GSSAPI method at a time, rather than sending them all at
686 	 * once. */
687 
688 	if (gss_supported == NULL)
689 		gss_indicate_mechs(&min, &gss_supported);
690 
691 	/* Check to see if the mechanism is usable before we offer it */
692 	while (mech < gss_supported->count && !ok) {
693 		/* My DER encoding requires length<128 */
694 		if (gss_supported->elements[mech].length < 128 &&
695 		    ssh_gssapi_check_mechanism(&gssctxt,
696 		    &gss_supported->elements[mech], authctxt->host)) {
697 			ok = 1; /* Mechanism works */
698 		} else {
699 			mech++;
700 		}
701 	}
702 
703 	if (!ok)
704 		return 0;
705 
706 	authctxt->methoddata=(void *)gssctxt;
707 
708 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
709 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
710 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
711 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
712 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh, 1)) != 0 ||
713 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh,
714 	    (gss_supported->elements[mech].length) + 2)) != 0 ||
715 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, SSH_GSS_OIDTYPE)) != 0 ||
716 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh,
717 	    gss_supported->elements[mech].length)) != 0 ||
718 	    (r = sshpkt_put(ssh,
719 	    gss_supported->elements[mech].elements,
720 	    gss_supported->elements[mech].length)) != 0 ||
721 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
722 		fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
723 
724 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_RESPONSE, &input_gssapi_response);
725 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, &input_gssapi_token);
726 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERROR, &input_gssapi_error);
727 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, &input_gssapi_errtok);
728 
729 	mech++; /* Move along to next candidate */
730 
731 	return 1;
732 }
733 
734 static OM_uint32
735 process_gssapi_token(struct ssh *ssh, gss_buffer_t recv_tok)
736 {
737 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
738 	Gssctxt *gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
739 	gss_buffer_desc send_tok = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
740 	gss_buffer_desc mic = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
741 	gss_buffer_desc gssbuf;
742 	OM_uint32 status, ms, flags;
743 	int r;
744 
745 	status = ssh_gssapi_init_ctx(gssctxt, options.gss_deleg_creds,
746 	    recv_tok, &send_tok, &flags);
747 
748 	if (send_tok.length > 0) {
749 		u_char type = GSS_ERROR(status) ?
750 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK :
751 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN;
752 
753 		if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, type)) != 0 ||
754 		    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, send_tok.value,
755 		    send_tok.length)) != 0 ||
756 		    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
757 			fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
758 
759 		gss_release_buffer(&ms, &send_tok);
760 	}
761 
762 	if (status == GSS_S_COMPLETE) {
763 		/* send either complete or MIC, depending on mechanism */
764 		if (!(flags & GSS_C_INTEG_FLAG)) {
765 			if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh,
766 			    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE)) != 0 ||
767 			    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
768 				fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
769 		} else {
770 			struct sshbuf *b;
771 
772 			if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
773 				fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
774 			ssh_gssapi_buildmic(b, authctxt->server_user,
775 			    authctxt->service, "gssapi-with-mic");
776 
777 			if ((gssbuf.value = sshbuf_mutable_ptr(b)) == NULL)
778 				fatal("%s: sshbuf_mutable_ptr failed", __func__);
779 			gssbuf.length = sshbuf_len(b);
780 
781 			status = ssh_gssapi_sign(gssctxt, &gssbuf, &mic);
782 
783 			if (!GSS_ERROR(status)) {
784 				if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh,
785 				    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC)) != 0 ||
786 				    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, mic.value,
787 				    mic.length)) != 0 ||
788 				    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
789 					fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
790 			}
791 
792 			sshbuf_free(b);
793 			gss_release_buffer(&ms, &mic);
794 		}
795 	}
796 
797 	return status;
798 }
799 
800 /* ARGSUSED */
801 int
802 input_gssapi_response(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
803 {
804 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
805 	Gssctxt *gssctxt;
806 	size_t oidlen;
807 	u_char *oidv = NULL;
808 	int r;
809 
810 	if (authctxt == NULL)
811 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
812 	gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
813 
814 	/* Setup our OID */
815 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &oidv, &oidlen)) != 0)
816 		goto done;
817 
818 	if (oidlen <= 2 ||
819 	    oidv[0] != SSH_GSS_OIDTYPE ||
820 	    oidv[1] != oidlen - 2) {
821 		debug("Badly encoded mechanism OID received");
822 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
823 		goto ok;
824 	}
825 
826 	if (!ssh_gssapi_check_oid(gssctxt, oidv + 2, oidlen - 2))
827 		fatal("Server returned different OID than expected");
828 
829 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
830 		goto done;
831 
832 	if (GSS_ERROR(process_gssapi_token(ssh, GSS_C_NO_BUFFER))) {
833 		/* Start again with next method on list */
834 		debug("Trying to start again");
835 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
836 		goto ok;
837 	}
838  ok:
839 	r = 0;
840  done:
841 	free(oidv);
842 	return r;
843 }
844 
845 /* ARGSUSED */
846 int
847 input_gssapi_token(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
848 {
849 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
850 	gss_buffer_desc recv_tok;
851 	u_char *p = NULL;
852 	size_t len;
853 	OM_uint32 status;
854 	int r;
855 
856 	if (authctxt == NULL)
857 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
858 
859 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &p, &len)) != 0 ||
860 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
861 		goto out;
862 
863 	recv_tok.value = p;
864 	recv_tok.length = len;
865 	status = process_gssapi_token(ssh, &recv_tok);
866 
867 	/* Start again with the next method in the list */
868 	if (GSS_ERROR(status)) {
869 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
870 		/* ok */
871 	}
872 	r = 0;
873  out:
874 	free(p);
875 	return r;
876 }
877 
878 /* ARGSUSED */
879 int
880 input_gssapi_errtok(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
881 {
882 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
883 	Gssctxt *gssctxt;
884 	gss_buffer_desc send_tok = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
885 	gss_buffer_desc recv_tok;
886 	OM_uint32 ms;
887 	u_char *p = NULL;
888 	size_t len;
889 	int r;
890 
891 	if (authctxt == NULL)
892 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
893 	gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
894 
895 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &p, &len)) != 0 ||
896 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0) {
897 		free(p);
898 		return r;
899 	}
900 
901 	/* Stick it into GSSAPI and see what it says */
902 	recv_tok.value = p;
903 	recv_tok.length = len;
904 	(void)ssh_gssapi_init_ctx(gssctxt, options.gss_deleg_creds,
905 	    &recv_tok, &send_tok, NULL);
906 	free(p);
907 	gss_release_buffer(&ms, &send_tok);
908 
909 	/* Server will be returning a failed packet after this one */
910 	return 0;
911 }
912 
913 /* ARGSUSED */
914 int
915 input_gssapi_error(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
916 {
917 	char *msg = NULL;
918 	char *lang = NULL;
919 	int r;
920 
921 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* maj */
922 	    (r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* min */
923 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &msg, NULL)) != 0 ||
924 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
925 		goto out;
926 	r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh);
927 	debug("Server GSSAPI Error:\n%s", msg);
928  out:
929 	free(msg);
930 	free(lang);
931 	return r;
932 }
933 #endif /* GSSAPI */
934 
935 int
936 userauth_none(struct ssh *ssh)
937 {
938 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
939 	int r;
940 
941 	/* initial userauth request */
942 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
943 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
944 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
945 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
946 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
947 		fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
948 	return 1;
949 }
950 
951 int
952 userauth_passwd(struct ssh *ssh)
953 {
954 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
955 	char *password, *prompt = NULL;
956 	const char *host = options.host_key_alias ?  options.host_key_alias :
957 	    authctxt->host;
958 	int r;
959 
960 	if (authctxt->attempt_passwd++ >= options.number_of_password_prompts)
961 		return 0;
962 
963 	if (authctxt->attempt_passwd != 1)
964 		error("Permission denied, please try again.");
965 
966 	xasprintf(&prompt, "%s@%s's password: ", authctxt->server_user, host);
967 	password = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
968 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
969 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
970 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
971 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
972 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 0)) != 0 ||
973 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0 ||
974 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0 ||
975 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
976 		fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
977 
978 	free(prompt);
979 	if (password != NULL)
980 		freezero(password, strlen(password));
981 
982 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ,
983 	    &input_userauth_passwd_changereq);
984 
985 	return 1;
986 }
987 
988 /*
989  * parse PASSWD_CHANGEREQ, prompt user and send SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST
990  */
991 /* ARGSUSED */
992 int
993 input_userauth_passwd_changereq(int type, u_int32_t seqnr, struct ssh *ssh)
994 {
995 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
996 	char *info = NULL, *lang = NULL, *password = NULL, *retype = NULL;
997 	char prompt[256];
998 	const char *host;
999 	int r;
1000 
1001 	debug2("input_userauth_passwd_changereq");
1002 
1003 	if (authctxt == NULL)
1004 		fatal("input_userauth_passwd_changereq: "
1005 		    "no authentication context");
1006 	host = options.host_key_alias ? options.host_key_alias : authctxt->host;
1007 
1008 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &info, NULL)) != 0 ||
1009 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
1010 		goto out;
1011 	if (strlen(info) > 0)
1012 		logit("%s", info);
1013 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1014 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1015 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1016 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1017 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 1)) != 0)	/* additional info */
1018 		goto out;
1019 
1020 	snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1021 	    "Enter %.30s@%.128s's old password: ",
1022 	    authctxt->server_user, host);
1023 	password = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1024 	if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0)
1025 		goto out;
1026 
1027 	freezero(password, strlen(password));
1028 	password = NULL;
1029 	while (password == NULL) {
1030 		snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1031 		    "Enter %.30s@%.128s's new password: ",
1032 		    authctxt->server_user, host);
1033 		password = read_passphrase(prompt, RP_ALLOW_EOF);
1034 		if (password == NULL) {
1035 			/* bail out */
1036 			r = 0;
1037 			goto out;
1038 		}
1039 		snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1040 		    "Retype %.30s@%.128s's new password: ",
1041 		    authctxt->server_user, host);
1042 		retype = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1043 		if (strcmp(password, retype) != 0) {
1044 			freezero(password, strlen(password));
1045 			logit("Mismatch; try again, EOF to quit.");
1046 			password = NULL;
1047 		}
1048 		freezero(retype, strlen(retype));
1049 	}
1050 	if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0 ||
1051 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0 ||
1052 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1053 		goto out;
1054 
1055 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ,
1056 	    &input_userauth_passwd_changereq);
1057 	r = 0;
1058  out:
1059 	if (password)
1060 		freezero(password, strlen(password));
1061 	free(info);
1062 	free(lang);
1063 	return r;
1064 }
1065 
1066 /*
1067  * Select an algorithm for publickey signatures.
1068  * Returns algorithm (caller must free) or NULL if no mutual algorithm found.
1069  *
1070  * Call with ssh==NULL to ignore server-sig-algs extension list and
1071  * only attempt with the key's base signature type.
1072  */
1073 static char *
1074 key_sig_algorithm(struct ssh *ssh, const struct sshkey *key)
1075 {
1076 	char *allowed, *oallowed, *cp, *tmp, *alg = NULL;
1077 
1078 	/*
1079 	 * The signature algorithm will only differ from the key algorithm
1080 	 * for RSA keys/certs and when the server advertises support for
1081 	 * newer (SHA2) algorithms.
1082 	 */
1083 	if (ssh == NULL || ssh->kex->server_sig_algs == NULL ||
1084 	    (key->type != KEY_RSA && key->type != KEY_RSA_CERT) ||
1085 	    (key->type == KEY_RSA_CERT && (datafellows & SSH_BUG_SIGTYPE))) {
1086 		/* Filter base key signature alg against our configuration */
1087 		return match_list(sshkey_ssh_name(key),
1088 		    options.pubkey_key_types, NULL);
1089 	}
1090 
1091 	/*
1092 	 * For RSA keys/certs, since these might have a different sig type:
1093 	 * find the first entry in PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes of the right type
1094 	 * that also appears in the supported signature algorithms list from
1095 	 * the server.
1096 	 */
1097 	oallowed = allowed = xstrdup(options.pubkey_key_types);
1098 	while ((cp = strsep(&allowed, ",")) != NULL) {
1099 		if (sshkey_type_from_name(cp) != key->type)
1100 			continue;
1101 		tmp = match_list(sshkey_sigalg_by_name(cp), ssh->kex->server_sig_algs, NULL);
1102 		if (tmp != NULL)
1103 			alg = xstrdup(cp);
1104 		free(tmp);
1105 		if (alg != NULL)
1106 			break;
1107 	}
1108 	free(oallowed);
1109 	return alg;
1110 }
1111 
1112 static int
1113 identity_sign(struct identity *id, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
1114     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, u_int compat, const char *alg)
1115 {
1116 	struct sshkey *prv;
1117 	int r;
1118 
1119 	/* The agent supports this key. */
1120 	if (id->key != NULL && id->agent_fd != -1) {
1121 		return ssh_agent_sign(id->agent_fd, id->key, sigp, lenp,
1122 		    data, datalen, alg, compat);
1123 	}
1124 
1125 	/*
1126 	 * We have already loaded the private key or the private key is
1127 	 * stored in external hardware.
1128 	 */
1129 	if (id->key != NULL &&
1130 	    (id->isprivate || (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT))) {
1131 		if ((r = sshkey_sign(id->key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen,
1132 		    alg, compat)) != 0)
1133 			return r;
1134 		/*
1135 		 * PKCS#11 tokens may not support all signature algorithms,
1136 		 * so check what we get back.
1137 		 */
1138 		if ((r = sshkey_check_sigtype(*sigp, *lenp, alg)) != 0)
1139 			return r;
1140 		return 0;
1141 	}
1142 
1143 	/* Load the private key from the file. */
1144 	if ((prv = load_identity_file(id)) == NULL)
1145 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
1146 	if (id->key != NULL && !sshkey_equal_public(prv, id->key)) {
1147 		error("%s: private key %s contents do not match public",
1148 		   __func__, id->filename);
1149 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
1150 	}
1151 	r = sshkey_sign(prv, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, alg, compat);
1152 	sshkey_free(prv);
1153 	return r;
1154 }
1155 
1156 static int
1157 id_filename_matches(Identity *id, Identity *private_id)
1158 {
1159 	const char *suffixes[] = { ".pub", "-cert.pub", NULL };
1160 	size_t len = strlen(id->filename), plen = strlen(private_id->filename);
1161 	size_t i, slen;
1162 
1163 	if (strcmp(id->filename, private_id->filename) == 0)
1164 		return 1;
1165 	for (i = 0; suffixes[i]; i++) {
1166 		slen = strlen(suffixes[i]);
1167 		if (len > slen && plen == len - slen &&
1168 		    strcmp(id->filename + (len - slen), suffixes[i]) == 0 &&
1169 		    memcmp(id->filename, private_id->filename, plen) == 0)
1170 			return 1;
1171 	}
1172 	return 0;
1173 }
1174 
1175 static int
1176 sign_and_send_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *id)
1177 {
1178 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1179 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1180 	Identity *private_id, *sign_id = NULL;
1181 	u_char *signature = NULL;
1182 	size_t slen = 0, skip = 0;
1183 	int r, fallback_sigtype, sent = 0;
1184 	char *alg = NULL, *fp = NULL;
1185 	const char *loc = "";
1186 
1187 	if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(id->key, options.fingerprint_hash,
1188 	    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
1189 		return 0;
1190 
1191 	debug3("%s: %s %s", __func__, sshkey_type(id->key), fp);
1192 
1193 	/*
1194 	 * If the key is an certificate, try to find a matching private key
1195 	 * and use it to complete the signature.
1196 	 * If no such private key exists, fall back to trying the certificate
1197 	 * key itself in case it has a private half already loaded.
1198 	 * This will try to set sign_id to the private key that will perform
1199 	 * the signature.
1200 	 */
1201 	if (sshkey_is_cert(id->key)) {
1202 		TAILQ_FOREACH(private_id, &authctxt->keys, next) {
1203 			if (sshkey_equal_public(id->key, private_id->key) &&
1204 			    id->key->type != private_id->key->type) {
1205 				sign_id = private_id;
1206 				break;
1207 			}
1208 		}
1209 		/*
1210 		 * Exact key matches are preferred, but also allow
1211 		 * filename matches for non-PKCS#11/agent keys that
1212 		 * didn't load public keys. This supports the case
1213 		 * of keeping just a private key file and public
1214 		 * certificate on disk.
1215 		 */
1216 		if (sign_id == NULL &&
1217 		    !id->isprivate && id->agent_fd == -1 &&
1218 		    (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) == 0) {
1219 			TAILQ_FOREACH(private_id, &authctxt->keys, next) {
1220 				if (private_id->key == NULL &&
1221 				    id_filename_matches(id, private_id)) {
1222 					sign_id = private_id;
1223 					break;
1224 				}
1225 			}
1226 		}
1227 		if (sign_id != NULL) {
1228 			debug2("%s: using private key \"%s\"%s for "
1229 			    "certificate", __func__, id->filename,
1230 			    id->agent_fd != -1 ? " from agent" : "");
1231 		} else {
1232 			debug("%s: no separate private key for certificate "
1233 			    "\"%s\"", __func__, id->filename);
1234 		}
1235 	}
1236 
1237 	/*
1238 	 * If the above didn't select another identity to do the signing
1239 	 * then default to the one we started with.
1240 	 */
1241 	if (sign_id == NULL)
1242 		sign_id = id;
1243 
1244 	/* assemble and sign data */
1245 	for (fallback_sigtype = 0; fallback_sigtype <= 1; fallback_sigtype++) {
1246 		free(alg);
1247 		slen = 0;
1248 		signature = NULL;
1249 		if ((alg = key_sig_algorithm(fallback_sigtype ? NULL : ssh,
1250 		    id->key)) == NULL) {
1251 			error("%s: no mutual signature supported", __func__);
1252 			goto out;
1253 		}
1254 		debug3("%s: signing using %s", __func__, alg);
1255 
1256 		sshbuf_free(b);
1257 		if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1258 			fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
1259 		if (datafellows & SSH_OLD_SESSIONID) {
1260 			if ((r = sshbuf_put(b, session_id2,
1261 			    session_id2_len)) != 0) {
1262 				fatal("%s: sshbuf_put: %s",
1263 				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
1264 			}
1265 		} else {
1266 			if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, session_id2,
1267 			    session_id2_len)) != 0) {
1268 				fatal("%s: sshbuf_put_string: %s",
1269 				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
1270 			}
1271 		}
1272 		skip = sshbuf_len(b);
1273 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1274 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1275 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1276 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1277 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, 1)) != 0 ||
1278 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, alg)) != 0 ||
1279 		    (r = sshkey_puts(id->key, b)) != 0) {
1280 			fatal("%s: assemble signed data: %s",
1281 			    __func__, ssh_err(r));
1282 		}
1283 
1284 		/* generate signature */
1285 		r = identity_sign(sign_id, &signature, &slen,
1286 		    sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b), datafellows, alg);
1287 		if (r == 0)
1288 			break;
1289 		else if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND)
1290 			goto out; /* soft failure */
1291 		else if (r == SSH_ERR_SIGN_ALG_UNSUPPORTED &&
1292 		    !fallback_sigtype) {
1293 			if (sign_id->agent_fd != -1)
1294 				loc = "agent ";
1295 			else if ((sign_id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0)
1296 				loc = "token ";
1297 			logit("%skey %s %s returned incorrect signature type",
1298 			    loc, sshkey_type(id->key), fp);
1299 			continue;
1300 		}
1301 		error("%s: signing failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1302 		goto out;
1303 	}
1304 	if (slen == 0 || signature == NULL) /* shouldn't happen */
1305 		fatal("%s: no signature", __func__);
1306 
1307 	/* append signature */
1308 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, signature, slen)) != 0)
1309 		fatal("%s: append signature: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1310 
1311 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1312 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
1313 #endif
1314 	/* skip session id and packet type */
1315 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, skip + 1)) != 0)
1316 		fatal("%s: consume: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1317 
1318 	/* put remaining data from buffer into packet */
1319 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1320 	    (r = sshpkt_putb(ssh, b)) != 0 ||
1321 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1322 		fatal("%s: enqueue request: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1323 
1324 	/* success */
1325 	sent = 1;
1326 
1327  out:
1328 	free(fp);
1329 	free(alg);
1330 	sshbuf_free(b);
1331 	freezero(signature, slen);
1332 	return sent;
1333 }
1334 
1335 static int
1336 send_pubkey_test(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *id)
1337 {
1338 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1339 	u_char *blob = NULL;
1340 	char *alg = NULL;
1341 	size_t bloblen;
1342 	u_int have_sig = 0;
1343 	int sent = 0, r;
1344 
1345 	if ((alg = key_sig_algorithm(ssh, id->key)) == NULL) {
1346 		debug("%s: no mutual signature algorithm", __func__);
1347 		goto out;
1348 	}
1349 
1350 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(id->key, &blob, &bloblen)) != 0) {
1351 		/* we cannot handle this key */
1352 		debug3("%s: cannot handle key", __func__);
1353 		goto out;
1354 	}
1355 	/* register callback for USERAUTH_PK_OK message */
1356 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK, &input_userauth_pk_ok);
1357 
1358 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1359 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1360 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1361 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1362 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, have_sig)) != 0 ||
1363 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, alg)) != 0 ||
1364 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, blob, bloblen)) != 0 ||
1365 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1366 		fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1367 	sent = 1;
1368 
1369  out:
1370 	free(alg);
1371 	free(blob);
1372 	return sent;
1373 }
1374 
1375 static struct sshkey *
1376 load_identity_file(Identity *id)
1377 {
1378 	struct sshkey *private = NULL;
1379 	char prompt[300], *passphrase, *comment;
1380 	int r, perm_ok = 0, quit = 0, i;
1381 	struct stat st;
1382 
1383 	if (stat(id->filename, &st) < 0) {
1384 		(id->userprovided ? logit : debug3)("no such identity: %s: %s",
1385 		    id->filename, strerror(errno));
1386 		return NULL;
1387 	}
1388 	snprintf(prompt, sizeof prompt,
1389 	    "Enter passphrase for key '%.100s': ", id->filename);
1390 	for (i = 0; i <= options.number_of_password_prompts; i++) {
1391 		if (i == 0)
1392 			passphrase = "";
1393 		else {
1394 			passphrase = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1395 			if (*passphrase == '\0') {
1396 				debug2("no passphrase given, try next key");
1397 				free(passphrase);
1398 				break;
1399 			}
1400 		}
1401 		switch ((r = sshkey_load_private_type(KEY_UNSPEC, id->filename,
1402 		    passphrase, &private, &comment, &perm_ok))) {
1403 		case 0:
1404 			break;
1405 		case SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE:
1406 			if (options.batch_mode) {
1407 				quit = 1;
1408 				break;
1409 			}
1410 			if (i != 0)
1411 				debug2("bad passphrase given, try again...");
1412 			break;
1413 		case SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR:
1414 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
1415 				debug2("Load key \"%s\": %s",
1416 				    id->filename, ssh_err(r));
1417 				quit = 1;
1418 				break;
1419 			}
1420 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1421 		default:
1422 			error("Load key \"%s\": %s", id->filename, ssh_err(r));
1423 			quit = 1;
1424 			break;
1425 		}
1426 		if (!quit && private != NULL && id->agent_fd == -1 &&
1427 		    !(id->key && id->isprivate))
1428 			maybe_add_key_to_agent(id->filename, private, comment,
1429 			    passphrase);
1430 		if (i > 0)
1431 			freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1432 		free(comment);
1433 		if (private != NULL || quit)
1434 			break;
1435 	}
1436 	return private;
1437 }
1438 
1439 static int
1440 key_type_allowed_by_config(struct sshkey *key)
1441 {
1442 	if (match_pattern_list(sshkey_ssh_name(key),
1443 	    options.pubkey_key_types, 0) == 1)
1444 		return 1;
1445 
1446 	/* RSA keys/certs might be allowed by alternate signature types */
1447 	switch (key->type) {
1448 	case KEY_RSA:
1449 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-512",
1450 		    options.pubkey_key_types, 0) == 1)
1451 			return 1;
1452 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-256",
1453 		    options.pubkey_key_types, 0) == 1)
1454 			return 1;
1455 		break;
1456 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1457 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com",
1458 		    options.pubkey_key_types, 0) == 1)
1459 			return 1;
1460 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com",
1461 		    options.pubkey_key_types, 0) == 1)
1462 			return 1;
1463 		break;
1464 	}
1465 	return 0;
1466 }
1467 
1468 
1469 /*
1470  * try keys in the following order:
1471  * 	1. certificates listed in the config file
1472  * 	2. other input certificates
1473  *	3. agent keys that are found in the config file
1474  *	4. other agent keys
1475  *	5. keys that are only listed in the config file
1476  */
1477 static void
1478 pubkey_prepare(Authctxt *authctxt)
1479 {
1480 	struct identity *id, *id2, *tmp;
1481 	struct idlist agent, files, *preferred;
1482 	struct sshkey *key;
1483 	int agent_fd = -1, i, r, found;
1484 	size_t j;
1485 	struct ssh_identitylist *idlist;
1486 	char *ident;
1487 
1488 	TAILQ_INIT(&agent);	/* keys from the agent */
1489 	TAILQ_INIT(&files);	/* keys from the config file */
1490 	preferred = &authctxt->keys;
1491 	TAILQ_INIT(preferred);	/* preferred order of keys */
1492 
1493 	/* list of keys stored in the filesystem and PKCS#11 */
1494 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1495 		key = options.identity_keys[i];
1496 		if (key && key->cert && key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER)
1497 			continue;
1498 		options.identity_keys[i] = NULL;
1499 		id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1500 		id->agent_fd = -1;
1501 		id->key = key;
1502 		id->filename = xstrdup(options.identity_files[i]);
1503 		id->userprovided = options.identity_file_userprovided[i];
1504 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&files, id, next);
1505 	}
1506 	/* list of certificates specified by user */
1507 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_certificate_files; i++) {
1508 		key = options.certificates[i];
1509 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(key) || key->cert == NULL ||
1510 		    key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER)
1511 			continue;
1512 		id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1513 		id->agent_fd = -1;
1514 		id->key = key;
1515 		id->filename = xstrdup(options.certificate_files[i]);
1516 		id->userprovided = options.certificate_file_userprovided[i];
1517 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1518 	}
1519 	/* list of keys supported by the agent */
1520 	if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0) {
1521 		if (r != SSH_ERR_AGENT_NOT_PRESENT)
1522 			debug("%s: ssh_get_authentication_socket: %s",
1523 			    __func__, ssh_err(r));
1524 	} else if ((r = ssh_fetch_identitylist(agent_fd, &idlist)) != 0) {
1525 		if (r != SSH_ERR_AGENT_NO_IDENTITIES)
1526 			debug("%s: ssh_fetch_identitylist: %s",
1527 			    __func__, ssh_err(r));
1528 		close(agent_fd);
1529 	} else {
1530 		for (j = 0; j < idlist->nkeys; j++) {
1531 			found = 0;
1532 			TAILQ_FOREACH(id, &files, next) {
1533 				/*
1534 				 * agent keys from the config file are
1535 				 * preferred
1536 				 */
1537 				if (sshkey_equal(idlist->keys[j], id->key)) {
1538 					TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1539 					TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1540 					id->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1541 					found = 1;
1542 					break;
1543 				}
1544 			}
1545 			if (!found && !options.identities_only) {
1546 				id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1547 				/* XXX "steals" key/comment from idlist */
1548 				id->key = idlist->keys[j];
1549 				id->filename = idlist->comments[j];
1550 				idlist->keys[j] = NULL;
1551 				idlist->comments[j] = NULL;
1552 				id->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1553 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&agent, id, next);
1554 			}
1555 		}
1556 		ssh_free_identitylist(idlist);
1557 		/* append remaining agent keys */
1558 		for (id = TAILQ_FIRST(&agent); id; id = TAILQ_FIRST(&agent)) {
1559 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&agent, id, next);
1560 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1561 		}
1562 		authctxt->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1563 	}
1564 	/* Prefer PKCS11 keys that are explicitly listed */
1565 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, &files, next, tmp) {
1566 		if (id->key == NULL || (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) == 0)
1567 			continue;
1568 		found = 0;
1569 		TAILQ_FOREACH(id2, &files, next) {
1570 			if (id2->key == NULL ||
1571 			    (id2->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) == 0)
1572 				continue;
1573 			if (sshkey_equal(id->key, id2->key)) {
1574 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1575 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1576 				found = 1;
1577 				break;
1578 			}
1579 		}
1580 		/* If IdentitiesOnly set and key not found then don't use it */
1581 		if (!found && options.identities_only) {
1582 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1583 			freezero(id, sizeof(*id));
1584 		}
1585 	}
1586 	/* append remaining keys from the config file */
1587 	for (id = TAILQ_FIRST(&files); id; id = TAILQ_FIRST(&files)) {
1588 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1589 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1590 	}
1591 	/* finally, filter by PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes */
1592 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, preferred, next, id2) {
1593 		if (id->key != NULL && !key_type_allowed_by_config(id->key)) {
1594 			debug("Skipping %s key %s - "
1595 			    "not in PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes",
1596 			    sshkey_ssh_name(id->key), id->filename);
1597 			TAILQ_REMOVE(preferred, id, next);
1598 			sshkey_free(id->key);
1599 			free(id->filename);
1600 			memset(id, 0, sizeof(*id));
1601 			continue;
1602 		}
1603 	}
1604 	/* List the keys we plan on using */
1605 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, preferred, next, id2) {
1606 		ident = format_identity(id);
1607 		debug("Will attempt key: %s", ident);
1608 		free(ident);
1609 	}
1610 	debug2("%s: done", __func__);
1611 }
1612 
1613 static void
1614 pubkey_cleanup(Authctxt *authctxt)
1615 {
1616 	Identity *id;
1617 
1618 	if (authctxt->agent_fd != -1) {
1619 		ssh_close_authentication_socket(authctxt->agent_fd);
1620 		authctxt->agent_fd = -1;
1621 	}
1622 	for (id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys); id;
1623 	    id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys)) {
1624 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1625 		sshkey_free(id->key);
1626 		free(id->filename);
1627 		free(id);
1628 	}
1629 }
1630 
1631 static void
1632 pubkey_reset(Authctxt *authctxt)
1633 {
1634 	Identity *id;
1635 
1636 	TAILQ_FOREACH(id, &authctxt->keys, next)
1637 		id->tried = 0;
1638 }
1639 
1640 static int
1641 try_identity(Identity *id)
1642 {
1643 	if (!id->key)
1644 		return (0);
1645 	if (sshkey_type_plain(id->key->type) == KEY_RSA &&
1646 	    (datafellows & SSH_BUG_RSASIGMD5) != 0) {
1647 		debug("Skipped %s key %s for RSA/MD5 server",
1648 		    sshkey_type(id->key), id->filename);
1649 		return (0);
1650 	}
1651 	return 1;
1652 }
1653 
1654 int
1655 userauth_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh)
1656 {
1657 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1658 	Identity *id;
1659 	int sent = 0;
1660 	char *ident;
1661 
1662 	while ((id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys))) {
1663 		if (id->tried++)
1664 			return (0);
1665 		/* move key to the end of the queue */
1666 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1667 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1668 		/*
1669 		 * send a test message if we have the public key. for
1670 		 * encrypted keys we cannot do this and have to load the
1671 		 * private key instead
1672 		 */
1673 		if (id->key != NULL) {
1674 			if (try_identity(id)) {
1675 				ident = format_identity(id);
1676 				debug("Offering public key: %s", ident);
1677 				free(ident);
1678 				sent = send_pubkey_test(ssh, id);
1679 			}
1680 		} else {
1681 			debug("Trying private key: %s", id->filename);
1682 			id->key = load_identity_file(id);
1683 			if (id->key != NULL) {
1684 				if (try_identity(id)) {
1685 					id->isprivate = 1;
1686 					sent = sign_and_send_pubkey(ssh, id);
1687 				}
1688 				sshkey_free(id->key);
1689 				id->key = NULL;
1690 				id->isprivate = 0;
1691 			}
1692 		}
1693 		if (sent)
1694 			return (sent);
1695 	}
1696 	return (0);
1697 }
1698 
1699 /*
1700  * Send userauth request message specifying keyboard-interactive method.
1701  */
1702 int
1703 userauth_kbdint(struct ssh *ssh)
1704 {
1705 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1706 	int r;
1707 
1708 	if (authctxt->attempt_kbdint++ >= options.number_of_password_prompts)
1709 		return 0;
1710 	/* disable if no SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST has been seen */
1711 	if (authctxt->attempt_kbdint > 1 && !authctxt->info_req_seen) {
1712 		debug3("userauth_kbdint: disable: no info_req_seen");
1713 		ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST, NULL);
1714 		return 0;
1715 	}
1716 
1717 	debug2("userauth_kbdint");
1718 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1719 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1720 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1721 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1722 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "")) != 0 ||		/* lang */
1723 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, options.kbd_interactive_devices ?
1724 	    options.kbd_interactive_devices : "")) != 0 ||
1725 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1726 		fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1727 
1728 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST, &input_userauth_info_req);
1729 	return 1;
1730 }
1731 
1732 /*
1733  * parse INFO_REQUEST, prompt user and send INFO_RESPONSE
1734  */
1735 int
1736 input_userauth_info_req(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
1737 {
1738 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
1739 	char *name = NULL, *inst = NULL, *lang = NULL, *prompt = NULL;
1740 	char *response = NULL;
1741 	u_char echo = 0;
1742 	u_int num_prompts, i;
1743 	int r;
1744 
1745 	debug2("input_userauth_info_req");
1746 
1747 	if (authctxt == NULL)
1748 		fatal("input_userauth_info_req: no authentication context");
1749 
1750 	authctxt->info_req_seen = 1;
1751 
1752 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &name, NULL)) != 0 ||
1753 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &inst, NULL)) != 0 ||
1754 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
1755 		goto out;
1756 	if (strlen(name) > 0)
1757 		logit("%s", name);
1758 	if (strlen(inst) > 0)
1759 		logit("%s", inst);
1760 
1761 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, &num_prompts)) != 0)
1762 		goto out;
1763 	/*
1764 	 * Begin to build info response packet based on prompts requested.
1765 	 * We commit to providing the correct number of responses, so if
1766 	 * further on we run into a problem that prevents this, we have to
1767 	 * be sure and clean this up and send a correct error response.
1768 	 */
1769 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE)) != 0 ||
1770 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh, num_prompts)) != 0)
1771 		goto out;
1772 
1773 	debug2("input_userauth_info_req: num_prompts %d", num_prompts);
1774 	for (i = 0; i < num_prompts; i++) {
1775 		if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &prompt, NULL)) != 0 ||
1776 		    (r = sshpkt_get_u8(ssh, &echo)) != 0)
1777 			goto out;
1778 		response = read_passphrase(prompt, echo ? RP_ECHO : 0);
1779 		if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, response)) != 0)
1780 			goto out;
1781 		freezero(response, strlen(response));
1782 		free(prompt);
1783 		response = prompt = NULL;
1784 	}
1785 	/* done with parsing incoming message. */
1786 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0 ||
1787 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0)
1788 		goto out;
1789 	r = sshpkt_send(ssh);
1790  out:
1791 	if (response)
1792 		freezero(response, strlen(response));
1793 	free(prompt);
1794 	free(name);
1795 	free(inst);
1796 	free(lang);
1797 	return r;
1798 }
1799 
1800 static int
1801 ssh_keysign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
1802     const u_char *data, size_t datalen)
1803 {
1804 	struct sshbuf *b;
1805 	struct stat st;
1806 	pid_t pid;
1807 	int i, r, to[2], from[2], status;
1808 	int sock = ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh);
1809 	u_char rversion = 0, version = 2;
1810 	void (*osigchld)(int);
1811 
1812 	*sigp = NULL;
1813 	*lenp = 0;
1814 
1815 	if (stat(_PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, &st) < 0) {
1816 		error("%s: not installed: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1817 		return -1;
1818 	}
1819 	if (fflush(stdout) != 0) {
1820 		error("%s: fflush: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1821 		return -1;
1822 	}
1823 	if (pipe(to) < 0) {
1824 		error("%s: pipe: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1825 		return -1;
1826 	}
1827 	if (pipe(from) < 0) {
1828 		error("%s: pipe: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1829 		return -1;
1830 	}
1831 	if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
1832 		error("%s: fork: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1833 		return -1;
1834 	}
1835 	osigchld = signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
1836 	if (pid == 0) {
1837 		/* keep the socket on exec */
1838 		fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, 0);
1839 		close(from[0]);
1840 		if (dup2(from[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
1841 			fatal("%s: dup2: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1842 		close(to[1]);
1843 		if (dup2(to[0], STDIN_FILENO) < 0)
1844 			fatal("%s: dup2: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1845 		close(from[1]);
1846 		close(to[0]);
1847 		/* Close everything but stdio and the socket */
1848 		for (i = STDERR_FILENO + 1; i < sock; i++)
1849 			close(i);
1850 		closefrom(sock + 1);
1851 		debug3("%s: [child] pid=%ld, exec %s",
1852 		    __func__, (long)getpid(), _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN);
1853 		execl(_PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, (char *)NULL);
1854 		fatal("%s: exec(%s): %s", __func__, _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN,
1855 		    strerror(errno));
1856 	}
1857 	close(from[1]);
1858 	close(to[0]);
1859 
1860 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1861 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
1862 	/* send # of sock, data to be signed */
1863 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(b, sock)) != 0 ||
1864 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, data, datalen)) != 0)
1865 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1866 	if (ssh_msg_send(to[1], version, b) == -1)
1867 		fatal("%s: couldn't send request", __func__);
1868 	sshbuf_reset(b);
1869 	r = ssh_msg_recv(from[0], b);
1870 	close(from[0]);
1871 	close(to[1]);
1872 	if (r < 0) {
1873 		error("%s: no reply", __func__);
1874 		goto fail;
1875 	}
1876 
1877 	errno = 0;
1878 	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0) {
1879 		if (errno != EINTR) {
1880 			error("%s: waitpid %ld: %s",
1881 			    __func__, (long)pid, strerror(errno));
1882 			goto fail;
1883 		}
1884 	}
1885 	if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1886 		error("%s: exited abnormally", __func__);
1887 		goto fail;
1888 	}
1889 	if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
1890 		error("%s: exited with status %d",
1891 		    __func__, WEXITSTATUS(status));
1892 		goto fail;
1893 	}
1894 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &rversion)) != 0) {
1895 		error("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1896 		goto fail;
1897 	}
1898 	if (rversion != version) {
1899 		error("%s: bad version", __func__);
1900 		goto fail;
1901 	}
1902 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(b, sigp, lenp)) != 0) {
1903 		error("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1904  fail:
1905 		signal(SIGCHLD, osigchld);
1906 		sshbuf_free(b);
1907 		return -1;
1908 	}
1909 	signal(SIGCHLD, osigchld);
1910 	sshbuf_free(b);
1911 
1912 	return 0;
1913 }
1914 
1915 int
1916 userauth_hostbased(struct ssh *ssh)
1917 {
1918 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1919 	struct sshkey *private = NULL;
1920 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1921 	u_char *sig = NULL, *keyblob = NULL;
1922 	char *fp = NULL, *chost = NULL, *lname = NULL;
1923 	size_t siglen = 0, keylen = 0;
1924 	int i, r, success = 0;
1925 
1926 	if (authctxt->ktypes == NULL) {
1927 		authctxt->oktypes = xstrdup(options.hostbased_key_types);
1928 		authctxt->ktypes = authctxt->oktypes;
1929 	}
1930 
1931 	/*
1932 	 * Work through each listed type pattern in HostbasedKeyTypes,
1933 	 * trying each hostkey that matches the type in turn.
1934 	 */
1935 	for (;;) {
1936 		if (authctxt->active_ktype == NULL)
1937 			authctxt->active_ktype = strsep(&authctxt->ktypes, ",");
1938 		if (authctxt->active_ktype == NULL ||
1939 		    *authctxt->active_ktype == '\0')
1940 			break;
1941 		debug3("%s: trying key type %s", __func__,
1942 		    authctxt->active_ktype);
1943 
1944 		/* check for a useful key */
1945 		private = NULL;
1946 		for (i = 0; i < authctxt->sensitive->nkeys; i++) {
1947 			if (authctxt->sensitive->keys[i] == NULL ||
1948 			    authctxt->sensitive->keys[i]->type == KEY_UNSPEC)
1949 				continue;
1950 			if (match_pattern_list(
1951 			    sshkey_ssh_name(authctxt->sensitive->keys[i]),
1952 			    authctxt->active_ktype, 0) != 1)
1953 				continue;
1954 			/* we take and free the key */
1955 			private = authctxt->sensitive->keys[i];
1956 			authctxt->sensitive->keys[i] = NULL;
1957 			break;
1958 		}
1959 		/* Found one */
1960 		if (private != NULL)
1961 			break;
1962 		/* No more keys of this type; advance */
1963 		authctxt->active_ktype = NULL;
1964 	}
1965 	if (private == NULL) {
1966 		free(authctxt->oktypes);
1967 		authctxt->oktypes = authctxt->ktypes = NULL;
1968 		authctxt->active_ktype = NULL;
1969 		debug("No more client hostkeys for hostbased authentication.");
1970 		goto out;
1971 	}
1972 
1973 	if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(private, options.fingerprint_hash,
1974 	    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) {
1975 		error("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed", __func__);
1976 		goto out;
1977 	}
1978 	debug("%s: trying hostkey %s %s",
1979 	    __func__, sshkey_ssh_name(private), fp);
1980 
1981 	/* figure out a name for the client host */
1982 	lname = get_local_name(ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh));
1983 	if (lname == NULL) {
1984 		error("%s: cannot get local ipaddr/name", __func__);
1985 		goto out;
1986 	}
1987 
1988 	/* XXX sshbuf_put_stringf? */
1989 	xasprintf(&chost, "%s.", lname);
1990 	debug2("%s: chost %s", __func__, chost);
1991 
1992 	/* construct data */
1993 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
1994 		error("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
1995 		goto out;
1996 	}
1997 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(private, &keyblob, &keylen)) != 0) {
1998 		error("%s: sshkey_to_blob: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1999 		goto out;
2000 	}
2001 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, session_id2, session_id2_len)) != 0 ||
2002 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
2003 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
2004 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
2005 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
2006 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, sshkey_ssh_name(private))) != 0 ||
2007 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, keyblob, keylen)) != 0 ||
2008 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, chost)) != 0 ||
2009 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->local_user)) != 0) {
2010 		error("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
2011 		goto out;
2012 	}
2013 
2014 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2015 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
2016 #endif
2017 	if ((r = ssh_keysign(ssh, private, &sig, &siglen,
2018 	    sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b))) != 0) {
2019 		error("sign using hostkey %s %s failed",
2020 		    sshkey_ssh_name(private), fp);
2021 		goto out;
2022 	}
2023 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
2024 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
2025 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
2026 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
2027 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, sshkey_ssh_name(private))) != 0 ||
2028 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, keyblob, keylen)) != 0 ||
2029 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, chost)) != 0 ||
2030 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->local_user)) != 0 ||
2031 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, sig, siglen)) != 0 ||
2032 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0) {
2033 		error("%s: packet error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
2034 		goto out;
2035 	}
2036 	success = 1;
2037 
2038  out:
2039 	if (sig != NULL)
2040 		freezero(sig, siglen);
2041 	free(keyblob);
2042 	free(lname);
2043 	free(fp);
2044 	free(chost);
2045 	sshkey_free(private);
2046 	sshbuf_free(b);
2047 
2048 	return success;
2049 }
2050 
2051 /* find auth method */
2052 
2053 /*
2054  * given auth method name, if configurable options permit this method fill
2055  * in auth_ident field and return true, otherwise return false.
2056  */
2057 static int
2058 authmethod_is_enabled(Authmethod *method)
2059 {
2060 	if (method == NULL)
2061 		return 0;
2062 	/* return false if options indicate this method is disabled */
2063 	if  (method->enabled == NULL || *method->enabled == 0)
2064 		return 0;
2065 	/* return false if batch mode is enabled but method needs interactive mode */
2066 	if  (method->batch_flag != NULL && *method->batch_flag != 0)
2067 		return 0;
2068 	return 1;
2069 }
2070 
2071 static Authmethod *
2072 authmethod_lookup(const char *name)
2073 {
2074 	Authmethod *method = NULL;
2075 	if (name != NULL)
2076 		for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++)
2077 			if (strcmp(name, method->name) == 0)
2078 				return method;
2079 	debug2("Unrecognized authentication method name: %s", name ? name : "NULL");
2080 	return NULL;
2081 }
2082 
2083 /* XXX internal state */
2084 static Authmethod *current = NULL;
2085 static char *supported = NULL;
2086 static char *preferred = NULL;
2087 
2088 /*
2089  * Given the authentication method list sent by the server, return the
2090  * next method we should try.  If the server initially sends a nil list,
2091  * use a built-in default list.
2092  */
2093 static Authmethod *
2094 authmethod_get(char *authlist)
2095 {
2096 	char *name = NULL;
2097 	u_int next;
2098 
2099 	/* Use a suitable default if we're passed a nil list.  */
2100 	if (authlist == NULL || strlen(authlist) == 0)
2101 		authlist = options.preferred_authentications;
2102 
2103 	if (supported == NULL || strcmp(authlist, supported) != 0) {
2104 		debug3("start over, passed a different list %s", authlist);
2105 		free(supported);
2106 		supported = xstrdup(authlist);
2107 		preferred = options.preferred_authentications;
2108 		debug3("preferred %s", preferred);
2109 		current = NULL;
2110 	} else if (current != NULL && authmethod_is_enabled(current))
2111 		return current;
2112 
2113 	for (;;) {
2114 		if ((name = match_list(preferred, supported, &next)) == NULL) {
2115 			debug("No more authentication methods to try.");
2116 			current = NULL;
2117 			return NULL;
2118 		}
2119 		preferred += next;
2120 		debug3("authmethod_lookup %s", name);
2121 		debug3("remaining preferred: %s", preferred);
2122 		if ((current = authmethod_lookup(name)) != NULL &&
2123 		    authmethod_is_enabled(current)) {
2124 			debug3("authmethod_is_enabled %s", name);
2125 			debug("Next authentication method: %s", name);
2126 			free(name);
2127 			return current;
2128 		}
2129 		free(name);
2130 	}
2131 }
2132 
2133 static char *
2134 authmethods_get(void)
2135 {
2136 	Authmethod *method = NULL;
2137 	struct sshbuf *b;
2138 	char *list;
2139 	int r;
2140 
2141 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2142 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
2143 	for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++) {
2144 		if (authmethod_is_enabled(method)) {
2145 			if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s%s",
2146 			    sshbuf_len(b) ? "," : "", method->name)) != 0)
2147 				fatal("%s: buffer error: %s",
2148 				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
2149 		}
2150 	}
2151 	if ((list = sshbuf_dup_string(b)) == NULL)
2152 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_dup_string failed", __func__);
2153 	sshbuf_free(b);
2154 	return list;
2155 }
2156