xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/sshconnect2.c (revision 1ad61ae0a79a724d2d3ec69e69c8e1d1ff6b53a0)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshconnect2.c,v 1.368 2023/10/12 02:15:53 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2008 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/types.h>
28 #include <sys/socket.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 #include <sys/queue.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <fcntl.h>
35 #include <limits.h>
36 #include <netdb.h>
37 #include <stdio.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <stdarg.h>
40 #include <signal.h>
41 #include <pwd.h>
42 #include <unistd.h>
43 #include <vis.h>
44 
45 #include "xmalloc.h"
46 #include "ssh.h"
47 #include "ssh2.h"
48 #include "sshbuf.h"
49 #include "packet.h"
50 #include "compat.h"
51 #include "cipher.h"
52 #include "sshkey.h"
53 #include "kex.h"
54 #include "sshconnect.h"
55 #include "authfile.h"
56 #include "dh.h"
57 #include "authfd.h"
58 #include "log.h"
59 #include "misc.h"
60 #include "readconf.h"
61 #include "match.h"
62 #include "dispatch.h"
63 #include "canohost.h"
64 #include "msg.h"
65 #include "pathnames.h"
66 #include "uidswap.h"
67 #include "hostfile.h"
68 #include "ssherr.h"
69 #include "utf8.h"
70 #include "ssh-sk.h"
71 #include "sk-api.h"
72 
73 #ifdef GSSAPI
74 #include "ssh-gss.h"
75 #endif
76 
77 /* import */
78 extern char *client_version_string;
79 extern char *server_version_string;
80 extern Options options;
81 
82 /*
83  * SSH2 key exchange
84  */
85 
86 static char *xxx_host;
87 static struct sockaddr *xxx_hostaddr;
88 static const struct ssh_conn_info *xxx_conn_info;
89 
90 static int
91 verify_host_key_callback(struct sshkey *hostkey, struct ssh *ssh)
92 {
93 	int r;
94 
95 	if ((r = sshkey_check_rsa_length(hostkey,
96 	    options.required_rsa_size)) != 0)
97 		fatal_r(r, "Bad server host key");
98 	if (verify_host_key(xxx_host, xxx_hostaddr, hostkey,
99 	    xxx_conn_info) == -1)
100 		fatal("Host key verification failed.");
101 	return 0;
102 }
103 
104 /* Returns the first item from a comma-separated algorithm list */
105 static char *
106 first_alg(const char *algs)
107 {
108 	char *ret, *cp;
109 
110 	ret = xstrdup(algs);
111 	if ((cp = strchr(ret, ',')) != NULL)
112 		*cp = '\0';
113 	return ret;
114 }
115 
116 static char *
117 order_hostkeyalgs(char *host, struct sockaddr *hostaddr, u_short port,
118     const struct ssh_conn_info *cinfo)
119 {
120 	char *oavail = NULL, *avail = NULL, *first = NULL, *last = NULL;
121 	char *alg = NULL, *hostname = NULL, *ret = NULL, *best = NULL;
122 	size_t maxlen;
123 	struct hostkeys *hostkeys = NULL;
124 	int ktype;
125 	u_int i;
126 
127 	/* Find all hostkeys for this hostname */
128 	get_hostfile_hostname_ipaddr(host, hostaddr, port, &hostname, NULL);
129 	hostkeys = init_hostkeys();
130 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_user_hostfiles; i++)
131 		load_hostkeys(hostkeys, hostname, options.user_hostfiles[i], 0);
132 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_system_hostfiles; i++) {
133 		load_hostkeys(hostkeys, hostname,
134 		    options.system_hostfiles[i], 0);
135 	}
136 	if (options.known_hosts_command != NULL) {
137 		load_hostkeys_command(hostkeys, options.known_hosts_command,
138 		    "ORDER", cinfo, NULL, host);
139 	}
140 	/*
141 	 * If a plain public key exists that matches the type of the best
142 	 * preference HostkeyAlgorithms, then use the whole list as is.
143 	 * Note that we ignore whether the best preference algorithm is a
144 	 * certificate type, as sshconnect.c will downgrade certs to
145 	 * plain keys if necessary.
146 	 */
147 	best = first_alg(options.hostkeyalgorithms);
148 	if (lookup_key_in_hostkeys_by_type(hostkeys,
149 	    sshkey_type_plain(sshkey_type_from_name(best)),
150 	    sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(best), NULL)) {
151 		debug3_f("have matching best-preference key type %s, "
152 		    "using HostkeyAlgorithms verbatim", best);
153 		ret = xstrdup(options.hostkeyalgorithms);
154 		goto out;
155 	}
156 
157 	/*
158 	 * Otherwise, prefer the host key algorithms that match known keys
159 	 * while keeping the ordering of HostkeyAlgorithms as much as possible.
160 	 */
161 	oavail = avail = xstrdup(options.hostkeyalgorithms);
162 	maxlen = strlen(avail) + 1;
163 	first = xmalloc(maxlen);
164 	last = xmalloc(maxlen);
165 	*first = *last = '\0';
166 
167 #define ALG_APPEND(to, from) \
168 	do { \
169 		if (*to != '\0') \
170 			strlcat(to, ",", maxlen); \
171 		strlcat(to, from, maxlen); \
172 	} while (0)
173 
174 	while ((alg = strsep(&avail, ",")) && *alg != '\0') {
175 		if ((ktype = sshkey_type_from_name(alg)) == KEY_UNSPEC)
176 			fatal_f("unknown alg %s", alg);
177 		/*
178 		 * If we have a @cert-authority marker in known_hosts then
179 		 * prefer all certificate algorithms.
180 		 */
181 		if (sshkey_type_is_cert(ktype) &&
182 		    lookup_marker_in_hostkeys(hostkeys, MRK_CA)) {
183 			ALG_APPEND(first, alg);
184 			continue;
185 		}
186 		/* If the key appears in known_hosts then prefer it */
187 		if (lookup_key_in_hostkeys_by_type(hostkeys,
188 		    sshkey_type_plain(ktype),
189 		    sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(alg), NULL)) {
190 			ALG_APPEND(first, alg);
191 			continue;
192 		}
193 		/* Otherwise, put it last */
194 		ALG_APPEND(last, alg);
195 	}
196 #undef ALG_APPEND
197 	xasprintf(&ret, "%s%s%s", first,
198 	    (*first == '\0' || *last == '\0') ? "" : ",", last);
199 	if (*first != '\0')
200 		debug3_f("prefer hostkeyalgs: %s", first);
201 	else
202 		debug3_f("no algorithms matched; accept original");
203  out:
204 	free(best);
205 	free(first);
206 	free(last);
207 	free(hostname);
208 	free(oavail);
209 	free_hostkeys(hostkeys);
210 
211 	return ret;
212 }
213 
214 void
215 ssh_kex2(struct ssh *ssh, char *host, struct sockaddr *hostaddr, u_short port,
216     const struct ssh_conn_info *cinfo)
217 {
218 	char *myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAX];
219 	char *s, *all_key, *hkalgs = NULL;
220 	int r, use_known_hosts_order = 0;
221 
222 	xxx_host = host;
223 	xxx_hostaddr = hostaddr;
224 	xxx_conn_info = cinfo;
225 
226 	if (options.rekey_limit || options.rekey_interval)
227 		ssh_packet_set_rekey_limits(ssh, options.rekey_limit,
228 		    options.rekey_interval);
229 
230 	/*
231 	 * If the user has not specified HostkeyAlgorithms, or has only
232 	 * appended or removed algorithms from that list then prefer algorithms
233 	 * that are in the list that are supported by known_hosts keys.
234 	 */
235 	if (options.hostkeyalgorithms == NULL ||
236 	    options.hostkeyalgorithms[0] == '-' ||
237 	    options.hostkeyalgorithms[0] == '+')
238 		use_known_hosts_order = 1;
239 
240 	/* Expand or fill in HostkeyAlgorithms */
241 	all_key = sshkey_alg_list(0, 0, 1, ',');
242 	if ((r = kex_assemble_names(&options.hostkeyalgorithms,
243 	    kex_default_pk_alg(), all_key)) != 0)
244 		fatal_fr(r, "kex_assemble_namelist");
245 	free(all_key);
246 
247 	if ((s = kex_names_cat(options.kex_algorithms, "ext-info-c")) == NULL)
248 		fatal_f("kex_names_cat");
249 
250 	if (use_known_hosts_order)
251 		hkalgs = order_hostkeyalgs(host, hostaddr, port, cinfo);
252 
253 	kex_proposal_populate_entries(ssh, myproposal, s, options.ciphers,
254 	    options.macs, compression_alg_list(options.compression),
255 	    hkalgs ? hkalgs : options.hostkeyalgorithms);
256 
257 	free(hkalgs);
258 
259 	/* start key exchange */
260 	if ((r = kex_setup(ssh, myproposal)) != 0)
261 		fatal_r(r, "kex_setup");
262 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
263 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kex_gen_client;
264 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kex_gen_client;
265 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kex_gen_client;
266 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
267 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
268 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_client;
269 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_client;
270 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kex_gen_client;
271 #endif
272 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kex_gen_client;
273 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_KEM_SNTRUP761X25519_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
274 	ssh->kex->verify_host_key=&verify_host_key_callback;
275 
276 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &ssh->kex->done);
277 
278 	/* remove ext-info from the KEX proposals for rekeying */
279 	free(myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS]);
280 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS] =
281 	    compat_kex_proposal(ssh, options.kex_algorithms);
282 	if ((r = kex_prop2buf(ssh->kex->my, myproposal)) != 0)
283 		fatal_r(r, "kex_prop2buf");
284 
285 #ifdef DEBUG_KEXDH
286 	/* send 1st encrypted/maced/compressed message */
287 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_IGNORE)) != 0 ||
288 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "markus")) != 0 ||
289 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0 ||
290 	    (r = ssh_packet_write_wait(ssh)) != 0)
291 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
292 #endif
293 	kex_proposal_free_entries(myproposal);
294 }
295 
296 /*
297  * Authenticate user
298  */
299 
300 typedef struct cauthctxt Authctxt;
301 typedef struct cauthmethod Authmethod;
302 typedef struct identity Identity;
303 typedef struct idlist Idlist;
304 
305 struct identity {
306 	TAILQ_ENTRY(identity) next;
307 	int	agent_fd;		/* >=0 if agent supports key */
308 	struct sshkey	*key;		/* public/private key */
309 	char	*filename;		/* comment for agent-only keys */
310 	int	tried;
311 	int	isprivate;		/* key points to the private key */
312 	int	userprovided;
313 };
314 TAILQ_HEAD(idlist, identity);
315 
316 struct cauthctxt {
317 	const char *server_user;
318 	const char *local_user;
319 	const char *host;
320 	const char *service;
321 	struct cauthmethod *method;
322 	sig_atomic_t success;
323 	char *authlist;
324 #ifdef GSSAPI
325 	/* gssapi */
326 	gss_OID_set gss_supported_mechs;
327 	u_int mech_tried;
328 #endif
329 	/* pubkey */
330 	struct idlist keys;
331 	int agent_fd;
332 	/* hostbased */
333 	Sensitive *sensitive;
334 	char *oktypes, *ktypes;
335 	const char *active_ktype;
336 	/* kbd-interactive */
337 	int info_req_seen;
338 	int attempt_kbdint;
339 	/* password */
340 	int attempt_passwd;
341 	/* generic */
342 	void *methoddata;
343 };
344 
345 struct cauthmethod {
346 	char	*name;		/* string to compare against server's list */
347 	int	(*userauth)(struct ssh *ssh);
348 	void	(*cleanup)(struct ssh *ssh);
349 	int	*enabled;	/* flag in option struct that enables method */
350 	int	*batch_flag;	/* flag in option struct that disables method */
351 };
352 
353 static int input_userauth_service_accept(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
354 static int input_userauth_ext_info(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
355 static int input_userauth_success(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
356 static int input_userauth_failure(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
357 static int input_userauth_banner(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
358 static int input_userauth_error(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
359 static int input_userauth_info_req(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
360 static int input_userauth_pk_ok(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
361 static int input_userauth_passwd_changereq(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
362 
363 static int userauth_none(struct ssh *);
364 static int userauth_pubkey(struct ssh *);
365 static int userauth_passwd(struct ssh *);
366 static int userauth_kbdint(struct ssh *);
367 static int userauth_hostbased(struct ssh *);
368 
369 #ifdef GSSAPI
370 static int userauth_gssapi(struct ssh *);
371 static void userauth_gssapi_cleanup(struct ssh *);
372 static int input_gssapi_response(int type, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
373 static int input_gssapi_token(int type, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
374 static int input_gssapi_error(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
375 static int input_gssapi_errtok(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
376 #endif
377 
378 void	userauth(struct ssh *, char *);
379 
380 static void pubkey_cleanup(struct ssh *);
381 static int sign_and_send_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *);
382 static void pubkey_prepare(struct ssh *, Authctxt *);
383 static void pubkey_reset(Authctxt *);
384 static struct sshkey *load_identity_file(Identity *);
385 
386 static Authmethod *authmethod_get(char *authlist);
387 static Authmethod *authmethod_lookup(const char *name);
388 static char *authmethods_get(void);
389 
390 Authmethod authmethods[] = {
391 #ifdef GSSAPI
392 	{"gssapi-with-mic",
393 		userauth_gssapi,
394 		userauth_gssapi_cleanup,
395 		&options.gss_authentication,
396 		NULL},
397 #endif
398 	{"hostbased",
399 		userauth_hostbased,
400 		NULL,
401 		&options.hostbased_authentication,
402 		NULL},
403 	{"publickey",
404 		userauth_pubkey,
405 		NULL,
406 		&options.pubkey_authentication,
407 		NULL},
408 	{"keyboard-interactive",
409 		userauth_kbdint,
410 		NULL,
411 		&options.kbd_interactive_authentication,
412 		&options.batch_mode},
413 	{"password",
414 		userauth_passwd,
415 		NULL,
416 		&options.password_authentication,
417 		&options.batch_mode},
418 	{"none",
419 		userauth_none,
420 		NULL,
421 		NULL,
422 		NULL},
423 	{NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL}
424 };
425 
426 void
427 ssh_userauth2(struct ssh *ssh, const char *local_user,
428     const char *server_user, char *host, Sensitive *sensitive)
429 {
430 	Authctxt authctxt;
431 	int r;
432 
433 	if (options.preferred_authentications == NULL)
434 		options.preferred_authentications = authmethods_get();
435 
436 	/* setup authentication context */
437 	memset(&authctxt, 0, sizeof(authctxt));
438 	authctxt.server_user = server_user;
439 	authctxt.local_user = local_user;
440 	authctxt.host = host;
441 	authctxt.service = "ssh-connection";		/* service name */
442 	authctxt.success = 0;
443 	authctxt.method = authmethod_lookup("none");
444 	authctxt.authlist = NULL;
445 	authctxt.methoddata = NULL;
446 	authctxt.sensitive = sensitive;
447 	authctxt.active_ktype = authctxt.oktypes = authctxt.ktypes = NULL;
448 	authctxt.info_req_seen = 0;
449 	authctxt.attempt_kbdint = 0;
450 	authctxt.attempt_passwd = 0;
451 #if GSSAPI
452 	authctxt.gss_supported_mechs = NULL;
453 	authctxt.mech_tried = 0;
454 #endif
455 	authctxt.agent_fd = -1;
456 	pubkey_prepare(ssh, &authctxt);
457 	if (authctxt.method == NULL) {
458 		fatal_f("internal error: cannot send userauth none request");
459 	}
460 
461 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
462 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "ssh-userauth")) != 0 ||
463 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
464 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
465 
466 	ssh->authctxt = &authctxt;
467 	ssh_dispatch_init(ssh, &input_userauth_error);
468 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO, &input_userauth_ext_info);
469 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT, &input_userauth_service_accept);
470 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &authctxt.success);	/* loop until success */
471 	pubkey_cleanup(ssh);
472 #ifdef GSSAPI
473 	if (authctxt.gss_supported_mechs != NULL) {
474 		u_int ms;
475 
476 		gss_release_oid_set(&ms, &authctxt.gss_supported_mechs);
477 		authctxt.gss_supported_mechs = NULL;
478 	}
479 #endif
480 	ssh->authctxt = NULL;
481 
482 	ssh_dispatch_range(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_MIN, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_MAX, NULL);
483 
484 	if (!authctxt.success)
485 		fatal("Authentication failed.");
486 	if (ssh_packet_connection_is_on_socket(ssh)) {
487 		verbose("Authenticated to %s ([%s]:%d) using \"%s\".", host,
488 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh),
489 		    authctxt.method->name);
490 	} else {
491 		verbose("Authenticated to %s (via proxy) using \"%s\".", host,
492 		    authctxt.method->name);
493 	}
494 }
495 
496 static int
497 input_userauth_service_accept(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
498 {
499 	int r;
500 
501 	if (ssh_packet_remaining(ssh) > 0) {
502 		char *reply;
503 
504 		if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &reply, NULL)) != 0)
505 			goto out;
506 		debug2("service_accept: %s", reply);
507 		free(reply);
508 	} else {
509 		debug2("buggy server: service_accept w/o service");
510 	}
511 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
512 		goto out;
513 	debug("SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received");
514 
515 	/* initial userauth request */
516 	userauth_none(ssh);
517 
518 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO, &input_userauth_error);
519 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS, &input_userauth_success);
520 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE, &input_userauth_failure);
521 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER, &input_userauth_banner);
522 	r = 0;
523  out:
524 	return r;
525 }
526 
527 static int
528 input_userauth_ext_info(int type, u_int32_t seqnr, struct ssh *ssh)
529 {
530 	return kex_input_ext_info(type, seqnr, ssh);
531 }
532 
533 void
534 userauth(struct ssh *ssh, char *authlist)
535 {
536 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
537 
538 	if (authctxt->method != NULL && authctxt->method->cleanup != NULL)
539 		authctxt->method->cleanup(ssh);
540 
541 	free(authctxt->methoddata);
542 	authctxt->methoddata = NULL;
543 	if (authlist == NULL) {
544 		authlist = authctxt->authlist;
545 	} else {
546 		free(authctxt->authlist);
547 		authctxt->authlist = authlist;
548 	}
549 	for (;;) {
550 		Authmethod *method = authmethod_get(authlist);
551 		if (method == NULL)
552 			fatal("%s@%s: Permission denied (%s).",
553 			    authctxt->server_user, authctxt->host, authlist);
554 		authctxt->method = method;
555 
556 		/* reset the per method handler */
557 		ssh_dispatch_range(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PER_METHOD_MIN,
558 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PER_METHOD_MAX, NULL);
559 
560 		/* and try new method */
561 		if (method->userauth(ssh) != 0) {
562 			debug2("we sent a %s packet, wait for reply", method->name);
563 			break;
564 		} else {
565 			debug2("we did not send a packet, disable method");
566 			method->enabled = NULL;
567 		}
568 	}
569 }
570 
571 static int
572 input_userauth_error(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
573 {
574 	fatal_f("bad message during authentication: type %d", type);
575 	return 0;
576 }
577 
578 static int
579 input_userauth_banner(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
580 {
581 	char *msg = NULL;
582 	size_t len;
583 	int r;
584 
585 	debug3_f("entering");
586 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &msg, &len)) != 0 ||
587 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, NULL, NULL)) != 0)
588 		goto out;
589 	if (len > 0 && options.log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
590 		fmprintf(stderr, "%s", msg);
591 	r = 0;
592  out:
593 	free(msg);
594 	return r;
595 }
596 
597 static int
598 input_userauth_success(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
599 {
600 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
601 
602 	if (authctxt == NULL)
603 		fatal_f("no authentication context");
604 	free(authctxt->authlist);
605 	authctxt->authlist = NULL;
606 	if (authctxt->method != NULL && authctxt->method->cleanup != NULL)
607 		authctxt->method->cleanup(ssh);
608 	free(authctxt->methoddata);
609 	authctxt->methoddata = NULL;
610 	authctxt->success = 1;			/* break out */
611 	return 0;
612 }
613 
614 #if 0
615 static int
616 input_userauth_success_unexpected(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
617 {
618 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
619 
620 	if (authctxt == NULL)
621 		fatal_f("no authentication context");
622 
623 	fatal("Unexpected authentication success during %s.",
624 	    authctxt->method->name);
625 	return 0;
626 }
627 #endif
628 
629 static int
630 input_userauth_failure(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
631 {
632 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
633 	char *authlist = NULL;
634 	u_char partial;
635 
636 	if (authctxt == NULL)
637 		fatal("input_userauth_failure: no authentication context");
638 
639 	if (sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &authlist, NULL) != 0 ||
640 	    sshpkt_get_u8(ssh, &partial) != 0 ||
641 	    sshpkt_get_end(ssh) != 0)
642 		goto out;
643 
644 	if (partial != 0) {
645 		verbose("Authenticated using \"%s\" with partial success.",
646 		    authctxt->method->name);
647 		/* reset state */
648 		pubkey_reset(authctxt);
649 	}
650 	debug("Authentications that can continue: %s", authlist);
651 
652 	userauth(ssh, authlist);
653 	authlist = NULL;
654  out:
655 	free(authlist);
656 	return 0;
657 }
658 
659 /*
660  * Format an identity for logging including filename, key type, fingerprint
661  * and location (agent, etc.). Caller must free.
662  */
663 static char *
664 format_identity(Identity *id)
665 {
666 	char *fp = NULL, *ret = NULL;
667 	const char *note = "";
668 
669 	if (id->key != NULL) {
670 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(id->key, options.fingerprint_hash,
671 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
672 	}
673 	if (id->key) {
674 		if ((id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0)
675 			note = " token";
676 		else if (sshkey_is_sk(id->key))
677 			note = " authenticator";
678 	}
679 	xasprintf(&ret, "%s %s%s%s%s%s%s",
680 	    id->filename,
681 	    id->key ? sshkey_type(id->key) : "", id->key ? " " : "",
682 	    fp ? fp : "",
683 	    id->userprovided ? " explicit" : "", note,
684 	    id->agent_fd != -1 ? " agent" : "");
685 	free(fp);
686 	return ret;
687 }
688 
689 static int
690 input_userauth_pk_ok(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
691 {
692 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
693 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
694 	Identity *id = NULL;
695 	int pktype, found = 0, sent = 0;
696 	size_t blen;
697 	char *pkalg = NULL, *fp = NULL, *ident = NULL;
698 	u_char *pkblob = NULL;
699 	int r;
700 
701 	if (authctxt == NULL)
702 		fatal("input_userauth_pk_ok: no authentication context");
703 
704 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &pkalg, NULL)) != 0 ||
705 	    (r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &pkblob, &blen)) != 0 ||
706 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
707 		goto done;
708 
709 	if ((pktype = sshkey_type_from_name(pkalg)) == KEY_UNSPEC) {
710 		debug_f("server sent unknown pkalg %s", pkalg);
711 		goto done;
712 	}
713 	if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(pkblob, blen, &key)) != 0) {
714 		debug_r(r, "no key from blob. pkalg %s", pkalg);
715 		goto done;
716 	}
717 	if (key->type != pktype) {
718 		error("input_userauth_pk_ok: type mismatch "
719 		    "for decoded key (received %d, expected %d)",
720 		    key->type, pktype);
721 		goto done;
722 	}
723 
724 	/*
725 	 * search keys in the reverse order, because last candidate has been
726 	 * moved to the end of the queue.  this also avoids confusion by
727 	 * duplicate keys
728 	 */
729 	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(id, &authctxt->keys, idlist, next) {
730 		if (sshkey_equal(key, id->key)) {
731 			found = 1;
732 			break;
733 		}
734 	}
735 	if (!found || id == NULL) {
736 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
737 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
738 		error_f("server replied with unknown key: %s %s",
739 		    sshkey_type(key), fp == NULL ? "<ERROR>" : fp);
740 		goto done;
741 	}
742 	ident = format_identity(id);
743 	debug("Server accepts key: %s", ident);
744 	sent = sign_and_send_pubkey(ssh, id);
745 	r = 0;
746  done:
747 	sshkey_free(key);
748 	free(ident);
749 	free(fp);
750 	free(pkalg);
751 	free(pkblob);
752 
753 	/* try another method if we did not send a packet */
754 	if (r == 0 && sent == 0)
755 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
756 	return r;
757 }
758 
759 #ifdef GSSAPI
760 static int
761 userauth_gssapi(struct ssh *ssh)
762 {
763 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
764 	Gssctxt *gssctxt = NULL;
765 	OM_uint32 min;
766 	int r, ok = 0;
767 	gss_OID mech = NULL;
768 
769 	/* Try one GSSAPI method at a time, rather than sending them all at
770 	 * once. */
771 
772 	if (authctxt->gss_supported_mechs == NULL)
773 		gss_indicate_mechs(&min, &authctxt->gss_supported_mechs);
774 
775 	/* Check to see whether the mechanism is usable before we offer it */
776 	while (authctxt->mech_tried < authctxt->gss_supported_mechs->count &&
777 	    !ok) {
778 		mech = &authctxt->gss_supported_mechs->
779 		    elements[authctxt->mech_tried];
780 		/* My DER encoding requires length<128 */
781 		if (mech->length < 128 && ssh_gssapi_check_mechanism(&gssctxt,
782 		    mech, authctxt->host)) {
783 			ok = 1; /* Mechanism works */
784 		} else {
785 			authctxt->mech_tried++;
786 		}
787 	}
788 
789 	if (!ok || mech == NULL)
790 		return 0;
791 
792 	authctxt->methoddata=(void *)gssctxt;
793 
794 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
795 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
796 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
797 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
798 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh, 1)) != 0 ||
799 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh, (mech->length) + 2)) != 0 ||
800 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, SSH_GSS_OIDTYPE)) != 0 ||
801 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, mech->length)) != 0 ||
802 	    (r = sshpkt_put(ssh, mech->elements, mech->length)) != 0 ||
803 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
804 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
805 
806 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_RESPONSE, &input_gssapi_response);
807 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, &input_gssapi_token);
808 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERROR, &input_gssapi_error);
809 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, &input_gssapi_errtok);
810 
811 	authctxt->mech_tried++; /* Move along to next candidate */
812 
813 	return 1;
814 }
815 
816 static void
817 userauth_gssapi_cleanup(struct ssh *ssh)
818 {
819 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
820 	Gssctxt *gssctxt = (Gssctxt *)authctxt->methoddata;
821 
822 	ssh_gssapi_delete_ctx(&gssctxt);
823 	authctxt->methoddata = NULL;
824 }
825 
826 static OM_uint32
827 process_gssapi_token(struct ssh *ssh, gss_buffer_t recv_tok)
828 {
829 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
830 	Gssctxt *gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
831 	gss_buffer_desc send_tok = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
832 	gss_buffer_desc mic = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
833 	gss_buffer_desc gssbuf;
834 	OM_uint32 status, ms, flags;
835 	int r;
836 
837 	status = ssh_gssapi_init_ctx(gssctxt, options.gss_deleg_creds,
838 	    recv_tok, &send_tok, &flags);
839 
840 	if (send_tok.length > 0) {
841 		u_char type = GSS_ERROR(status) ?
842 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK :
843 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN;
844 
845 		if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, type)) != 0 ||
846 		    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, send_tok.value,
847 		    send_tok.length)) != 0 ||
848 		    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
849 			fatal_fr(r, "send %u packet", type);
850 
851 		gss_release_buffer(&ms, &send_tok);
852 	}
853 
854 	if (status == GSS_S_COMPLETE) {
855 		/* send either complete or MIC, depending on mechanism */
856 		if (!(flags & GSS_C_INTEG_FLAG)) {
857 			if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh,
858 			    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE)) != 0 ||
859 			    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
860 				fatal_fr(r, "send completion");
861 		} else {
862 			struct sshbuf *b;
863 
864 			if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
865 				fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
866 			ssh_gssapi_buildmic(b, authctxt->server_user,
867 			    authctxt->service, "gssapi-with-mic",
868 			    ssh->kex->session_id);
869 
870 			if ((gssbuf.value = sshbuf_mutable_ptr(b)) == NULL)
871 				fatal_f("sshbuf_mutable_ptr failed");
872 			gssbuf.length = sshbuf_len(b);
873 
874 			status = ssh_gssapi_sign(gssctxt, &gssbuf, &mic);
875 
876 			if (!GSS_ERROR(status)) {
877 				if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh,
878 				    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC)) != 0 ||
879 				    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, mic.value,
880 				    mic.length)) != 0 ||
881 				    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
882 					fatal_fr(r, "send MIC");
883 			}
884 
885 			sshbuf_free(b);
886 			gss_release_buffer(&ms, &mic);
887 		}
888 	}
889 
890 	return status;
891 }
892 
893 static int
894 input_gssapi_response(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
895 {
896 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
897 	Gssctxt *gssctxt;
898 	size_t oidlen;
899 	u_char *oidv = NULL;
900 	int r;
901 
902 	if (authctxt == NULL)
903 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
904 	gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
905 
906 	/* Setup our OID */
907 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &oidv, &oidlen)) != 0)
908 		goto done;
909 
910 	if (oidlen <= 2 ||
911 	    oidv[0] != SSH_GSS_OIDTYPE ||
912 	    oidv[1] != oidlen - 2) {
913 		debug("Badly encoded mechanism OID received");
914 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
915 		goto ok;
916 	}
917 
918 	if (!ssh_gssapi_check_oid(gssctxt, oidv + 2, oidlen - 2))
919 		fatal("Server returned different OID than expected");
920 
921 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
922 		goto done;
923 
924 	if (GSS_ERROR(process_gssapi_token(ssh, GSS_C_NO_BUFFER))) {
925 		/* Start again with next method on list */
926 		debug("Trying to start again");
927 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
928 		goto ok;
929 	}
930  ok:
931 	r = 0;
932  done:
933 	free(oidv);
934 	return r;
935 }
936 
937 static int
938 input_gssapi_token(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
939 {
940 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
941 	gss_buffer_desc recv_tok;
942 	u_char *p = NULL;
943 	size_t len;
944 	OM_uint32 status;
945 	int r;
946 
947 	if (authctxt == NULL)
948 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
949 
950 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &p, &len)) != 0 ||
951 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
952 		goto out;
953 
954 	recv_tok.value = p;
955 	recv_tok.length = len;
956 	status = process_gssapi_token(ssh, &recv_tok);
957 
958 	/* Start again with the next method in the list */
959 	if (GSS_ERROR(status)) {
960 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
961 		/* ok */
962 	}
963 	r = 0;
964  out:
965 	free(p);
966 	return r;
967 }
968 
969 static int
970 input_gssapi_errtok(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
971 {
972 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
973 	Gssctxt *gssctxt;
974 	gss_buffer_desc send_tok = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
975 	gss_buffer_desc recv_tok;
976 	OM_uint32 ms;
977 	u_char *p = NULL;
978 	size_t len;
979 	int r;
980 
981 	if (authctxt == NULL)
982 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
983 	gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
984 
985 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &p, &len)) != 0 ||
986 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0) {
987 		free(p);
988 		return r;
989 	}
990 
991 	/* Stick it into GSSAPI and see what it says */
992 	recv_tok.value = p;
993 	recv_tok.length = len;
994 	(void)ssh_gssapi_init_ctx(gssctxt, options.gss_deleg_creds,
995 	    &recv_tok, &send_tok, NULL);
996 	free(p);
997 	gss_release_buffer(&ms, &send_tok);
998 
999 	/* Server will be returning a failed packet after this one */
1000 	return 0;
1001 }
1002 
1003 static int
1004 input_gssapi_error(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
1005 {
1006 	char *msg = NULL;
1007 	char *lang = NULL;
1008 	int r;
1009 
1010 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* maj */
1011 	    (r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* min */
1012 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &msg, NULL)) != 0 ||
1013 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
1014 		goto out;
1015 	r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh);
1016 	debug("Server GSSAPI Error:\n%s", msg);
1017  out:
1018 	free(msg);
1019 	free(lang);
1020 	return r;
1021 }
1022 #endif /* GSSAPI */
1023 
1024 static int
1025 userauth_none(struct ssh *ssh)
1026 {
1027 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1028 	int r;
1029 
1030 	/* initial userauth request */
1031 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1032 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1033 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1034 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1035 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1036 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
1037 	return 1;
1038 }
1039 
1040 static int
1041 userauth_passwd(struct ssh *ssh)
1042 {
1043 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1044 	char *password, *prompt = NULL;
1045 	const char *host = options.host_key_alias ?  options.host_key_alias :
1046 	    authctxt->host;
1047 	int r;
1048 
1049 	if (authctxt->attempt_passwd++ >= options.number_of_password_prompts)
1050 		return 0;
1051 
1052 	if (authctxt->attempt_passwd != 1)
1053 		error("Permission denied, please try again.");
1054 
1055 	xasprintf(&prompt, "%s@%s's password: ", authctxt->server_user, host);
1056 	password = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1057 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1058 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1059 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1060 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1061 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 0)) != 0 ||
1062 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0 ||
1063 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0 ||
1064 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1065 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
1066 
1067 	free(prompt);
1068 	if (password != NULL)
1069 		freezero(password, strlen(password));
1070 
1071 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ,
1072 	    &input_userauth_passwd_changereq);
1073 
1074 	return 1;
1075 }
1076 
1077 /*
1078  * parse PASSWD_CHANGEREQ, prompt user and send SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST
1079  */
1080 static int
1081 input_userauth_passwd_changereq(int type, u_int32_t seqnr, struct ssh *ssh)
1082 {
1083 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
1084 	char *info = NULL, *lang = NULL, *password = NULL, *retype = NULL;
1085 	char prompt[256];
1086 	const char *host;
1087 	int r;
1088 
1089 	debug2("input_userauth_passwd_changereq");
1090 
1091 	if (authctxt == NULL)
1092 		fatal("input_userauth_passwd_changereq: "
1093 		    "no authentication context");
1094 	host = options.host_key_alias ? options.host_key_alias : authctxt->host;
1095 
1096 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &info, NULL)) != 0 ||
1097 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
1098 		goto out;
1099 	if (strlen(info) > 0)
1100 		logit("%s", info);
1101 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1102 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1103 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1104 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1105 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 1)) != 0)	/* additional info */
1106 		goto out;
1107 
1108 	snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1109 	    "Enter %.30s@%.128s's old password: ",
1110 	    authctxt->server_user, host);
1111 	password = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1112 	if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0)
1113 		goto out;
1114 
1115 	freezero(password, strlen(password));
1116 	password = NULL;
1117 	while (password == NULL) {
1118 		snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1119 		    "Enter %.30s@%.128s's new password: ",
1120 		    authctxt->server_user, host);
1121 		password = read_passphrase(prompt, RP_ALLOW_EOF);
1122 		if (password == NULL) {
1123 			/* bail out */
1124 			r = 0;
1125 			goto out;
1126 		}
1127 		snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1128 		    "Retype %.30s@%.128s's new password: ",
1129 		    authctxt->server_user, host);
1130 		retype = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1131 		if (strcmp(password, retype) != 0) {
1132 			freezero(password, strlen(password));
1133 			logit("Mismatch; try again, EOF to quit.");
1134 			password = NULL;
1135 		}
1136 		freezero(retype, strlen(retype));
1137 	}
1138 	if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0 ||
1139 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0 ||
1140 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1141 		goto out;
1142 
1143 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ,
1144 	    &input_userauth_passwd_changereq);
1145 	r = 0;
1146  out:
1147 	if (password)
1148 		freezero(password, strlen(password));
1149 	free(info);
1150 	free(lang);
1151 	return r;
1152 }
1153 
1154 /*
1155  * Select an algorithm for publickey signatures.
1156  * Returns algorithm (caller must free) or NULL if no mutual algorithm found.
1157  *
1158  * Call with ssh==NULL to ignore server-sig-algs extension list and
1159  * only attempt with the key's base signature type.
1160  */
1161 static char *
1162 key_sig_algorithm(struct ssh *ssh, const struct sshkey *key)
1163 {
1164 	char *allowed, *oallowed, *cp, *tmp, *alg = NULL;
1165 	const char *server_sig_algs;
1166 
1167 	/*
1168 	 * The signature algorithm will only differ from the key algorithm
1169 	 * for RSA keys/certs and when the server advertises support for
1170 	 * newer (SHA2) algorithms.
1171 	 */
1172 	if (ssh == NULL || ssh->kex->server_sig_algs == NULL ||
1173 	    (key->type != KEY_RSA && key->type != KEY_RSA_CERT) ||
1174 	    (key->type == KEY_RSA_CERT && (ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_SIGTYPE))) {
1175 		/* Filter base key signature alg against our configuration */
1176 		return match_list(sshkey_ssh_name(key),
1177 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, NULL);
1178 	}
1179 
1180 	/*
1181 	 * Workaround OpenSSH 7.4 bug: this version supports RSA/SHA-2 but
1182 	 * fails to advertise it via SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO.
1183 	 */
1184 	server_sig_algs = ssh->kex->server_sig_algs;
1185 	if (key->type == KEY_RSA && (ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_SIGTYPE74))
1186 		server_sig_algs = "rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512";
1187 
1188 	/*
1189 	 * For RSA keys/certs, since these might have a different sig type:
1190 	 * find the first entry in PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms of the right type
1191 	 * that also appears in the supported signature algorithms list from
1192 	 * the server.
1193 	 */
1194 	oallowed = allowed = xstrdup(options.pubkey_accepted_algos);
1195 	while ((cp = strsep(&allowed, ",")) != NULL) {
1196 		if (sshkey_type_from_name(cp) != key->type)
1197 			continue;
1198 		tmp = match_list(sshkey_sigalg_by_name(cp),
1199 		    server_sig_algs, NULL);
1200 		if (tmp != NULL)
1201 			alg = xstrdup(cp);
1202 		free(tmp);
1203 		if (alg != NULL)
1204 			break;
1205 	}
1206 	free(oallowed);
1207 	return alg;
1208 }
1209 
1210 static int
1211 identity_sign(struct identity *id, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
1212     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, u_int compat, const char *alg)
1213 {
1214 	struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL, *prv = NULL;
1215 	int is_agent = 0, retried = 0, r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1216 	struct notifier_ctx *notifier = NULL;
1217 	char *fp = NULL, *pin = NULL, *prompt = NULL;
1218 
1219 	*sigp = NULL;
1220 	*lenp = 0;
1221 
1222 	/* The agent supports this key. */
1223 	if (id->key != NULL && id->agent_fd != -1) {
1224 		return ssh_agent_sign(id->agent_fd, id->key, sigp, lenp,
1225 		    data, datalen, alg, compat);
1226 	}
1227 
1228 	/*
1229 	 * We have already loaded the private key or the private key is
1230 	 * stored in external hardware.
1231 	 */
1232 	if (id->key != NULL &&
1233 	    (id->isprivate || (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT))) {
1234 		sign_key = id->key;
1235 		is_agent = 1;
1236 	} else {
1237 		/* Load the private key from the file. */
1238 		if ((prv = load_identity_file(id)) == NULL)
1239 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
1240 		if (id->key != NULL && !sshkey_equal_public(prv, id->key)) {
1241 			error_f("private key %s contents do not match public",
1242 			    id->filename);
1243 			r = SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
1244 			goto out;
1245 		}
1246 		sign_key = prv;
1247 	}
1248  retry_pin:
1249 	/* Prompt for touch for non-agent FIDO keys that request UP */
1250 	if (!is_agent && sshkey_is_sk(sign_key) &&
1251 	    (sign_key->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
1252 		/* XXX should batch mode just skip these? */
1253 		if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key,
1254 		    options.fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
1255 			fatal_f("fingerprint failed");
1256 		notifier = notify_start(options.batch_mode,
1257 		    "Confirm user presence for key %s %s",
1258 		    sshkey_type(sign_key), fp);
1259 		free(fp);
1260 	}
1261 	if ((r = sshkey_sign(sign_key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen,
1262 	    alg, options.sk_provider, pin, compat)) != 0) {
1263 		debug_fr(r, "sshkey_sign");
1264 		if (!retried && pin == NULL && !is_agent &&
1265 		    sshkey_is_sk(sign_key) &&
1266 		    r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
1267 			notify_complete(notifier, NULL);
1268 			notifier = NULL;
1269 			xasprintf(&prompt, "Enter PIN for %s key %s: ",
1270 			    sshkey_type(sign_key), id->filename);
1271 			pin = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1272 			retried = 1;
1273 			goto retry_pin;
1274 		}
1275 		goto out;
1276 	}
1277 
1278 	/*
1279 	 * PKCS#11 tokens may not support all signature algorithms,
1280 	 * so check what we get back.
1281 	 */
1282 	if ((r = sshkey_check_sigtype(*sigp, *lenp, alg)) != 0) {
1283 		debug_fr(r, "sshkey_check_sigtype");
1284 		goto out;
1285 	}
1286 	/* success */
1287 	r = 0;
1288  out:
1289 	free(prompt);
1290 	if (pin != NULL)
1291 		freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
1292 	notify_complete(notifier, r == 0 ? "User presence confirmed" : NULL);
1293 	sshkey_free(prv);
1294 	return r;
1295 }
1296 
1297 static int
1298 id_filename_matches(Identity *id, Identity *private_id)
1299 {
1300 	static const char * const suffixes[] = { ".pub", "-cert.pub", NULL };
1301 	size_t len = strlen(id->filename), plen = strlen(private_id->filename);
1302 	size_t i, slen;
1303 
1304 	if (strcmp(id->filename, private_id->filename) == 0)
1305 		return 1;
1306 	for (i = 0; suffixes[i]; i++) {
1307 		slen = strlen(suffixes[i]);
1308 		if (len > slen && plen == len - slen &&
1309 		    strcmp(id->filename + (len - slen), suffixes[i]) == 0 &&
1310 		    memcmp(id->filename, private_id->filename, plen) == 0)
1311 			return 1;
1312 	}
1313 	return 0;
1314 }
1315 
1316 static int
1317 sign_and_send_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *id)
1318 {
1319 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1320 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1321 	Identity *private_id, *sign_id = NULL;
1322 	u_char *signature = NULL;
1323 	size_t slen = 0, skip = 0;
1324 	int r, fallback_sigtype, sent = 0;
1325 	char *alg = NULL, *fp = NULL;
1326 	const char *loc = "", *method = "publickey";
1327 	int hostbound = 0;
1328 
1329 	/* prefer host-bound pubkey signatures if supported by server */
1330 	if ((ssh->kex->flags & KEX_HAS_PUBKEY_HOSTBOUND) != 0 &&
1331 	    (options.pubkey_authentication & SSH_PUBKEY_AUTH_HBOUND) != 0) {
1332 		hostbound = 1;
1333 		method = "publickey-hostbound-v00@openssh.com";
1334 	}
1335 
1336 	if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(id->key, options.fingerprint_hash,
1337 	    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
1338 		return 0;
1339 
1340 	debug3_f("using %s with %s %s", method, sshkey_type(id->key), fp);
1341 
1342 	/*
1343 	 * If the key is an certificate, try to find a matching private key
1344 	 * and use it to complete the signature.
1345 	 * If no such private key exists, fall back to trying the certificate
1346 	 * key itself in case it has a private half already loaded.
1347 	 * This will try to set sign_id to the private key that will perform
1348 	 * the signature.
1349 	 */
1350 	if (sshkey_is_cert(id->key)) {
1351 		TAILQ_FOREACH(private_id, &authctxt->keys, next) {
1352 			if (sshkey_equal_public(id->key, private_id->key) &&
1353 			    id->key->type != private_id->key->type) {
1354 				sign_id = private_id;
1355 				break;
1356 			}
1357 		}
1358 		/*
1359 		 * Exact key matches are preferred, but also allow
1360 		 * filename matches for non-PKCS#11/agent keys that
1361 		 * didn't load public keys. This supports the case
1362 		 * of keeping just a private key file and public
1363 		 * certificate on disk.
1364 		 */
1365 		if (sign_id == NULL &&
1366 		    !id->isprivate && id->agent_fd == -1 &&
1367 		    (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) == 0) {
1368 			TAILQ_FOREACH(private_id, &authctxt->keys, next) {
1369 				if (private_id->key == NULL &&
1370 				    id_filename_matches(id, private_id)) {
1371 					sign_id = private_id;
1372 					break;
1373 				}
1374 			}
1375 		}
1376 		if (sign_id != NULL) {
1377 			debug2_f("using private key \"%s\"%s for "
1378 			    "certificate", sign_id->filename,
1379 			    sign_id->agent_fd != -1 ? " from agent" : "");
1380 		} else {
1381 			debug_f("no separate private key for certificate "
1382 			    "\"%s\"", id->filename);
1383 		}
1384 	}
1385 
1386 	/*
1387 	 * If the above didn't select another identity to do the signing
1388 	 * then default to the one we started with.
1389 	 */
1390 	if (sign_id == NULL)
1391 		sign_id = id;
1392 
1393 	/* assemble and sign data */
1394 	for (fallback_sigtype = 0; fallback_sigtype <= 1; fallback_sigtype++) {
1395 		free(alg);
1396 		slen = 0;
1397 		signature = NULL;
1398 		if ((alg = key_sig_algorithm(fallback_sigtype ? NULL : ssh,
1399 		    id->key)) == NULL) {
1400 			error_f("no mutual signature supported");
1401 			goto out;
1402 		}
1403 		debug3_f("signing using %s %s", alg, fp);
1404 
1405 		sshbuf_free(b);
1406 		if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1407 			fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
1408 		if (ssh->compat & SSH_OLD_SESSIONID) {
1409 			if ((r = sshbuf_putb(b, ssh->kex->session_id)) != 0)
1410 				fatal_fr(r, "sshbuf_putb");
1411 		} else {
1412 			if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b,
1413 			    ssh->kex->session_id)) != 0)
1414 				fatal_fr(r, "sshbuf_put_stringb");
1415 		}
1416 		skip = sshbuf_len(b);
1417 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1418 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1419 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1420 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, method)) != 0 ||
1421 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, 1)) != 0 ||
1422 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, alg)) != 0 ||
1423 		    (r = sshkey_puts(id->key, b)) != 0) {
1424 			fatal_fr(r, "assemble signed data");
1425 		}
1426 		if (hostbound) {
1427 			if (ssh->kex->initial_hostkey == NULL) {
1428 				fatal_f("internal error: initial hostkey "
1429 				    "not recorded");
1430 			}
1431 			if ((r = sshkey_puts(ssh->kex->initial_hostkey, b)) != 0)
1432 				fatal_fr(r, "assemble %s hostkey", method);
1433 		}
1434 		/* generate signature */
1435 		r = identity_sign(sign_id, &signature, &slen,
1436 		    sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b), ssh->compat, alg);
1437 		if (r == 0)
1438 			break;
1439 		else if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND)
1440 			goto out; /* soft failure */
1441 		else if (r == SSH_ERR_SIGN_ALG_UNSUPPORTED &&
1442 		    !fallback_sigtype) {
1443 			if (sign_id->agent_fd != -1)
1444 				loc = "agent ";
1445 			else if ((sign_id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0)
1446 				loc = "token ";
1447 			logit("%skey %s %s returned incorrect signature type",
1448 			    loc, sshkey_type(id->key), fp);
1449 			continue;
1450 		}
1451 		error_fr(r, "signing failed for %s \"%s\"%s",
1452 		    sshkey_type(sign_id->key), sign_id->filename,
1453 		    id->agent_fd != -1 ? " from agent" : "");
1454 		goto out;
1455 	}
1456 	if (slen == 0 || signature == NULL) /* shouldn't happen */
1457 		fatal_f("no signature");
1458 
1459 	/* append signature */
1460 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, signature, slen)) != 0)
1461 		fatal_fr(r, "append signature");
1462 
1463 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1464 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
1465 #endif
1466 	/* skip session id and packet type */
1467 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, skip + 1)) != 0)
1468 		fatal_fr(r, "consume");
1469 
1470 	/* put remaining data from buffer into packet */
1471 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1472 	    (r = sshpkt_putb(ssh, b)) != 0 ||
1473 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1474 		fatal_fr(r, "enqueue request");
1475 
1476 	/* success */
1477 	sent = 1;
1478 
1479  out:
1480 	free(fp);
1481 	free(alg);
1482 	sshbuf_free(b);
1483 	freezero(signature, slen);
1484 	return sent;
1485 }
1486 
1487 static int
1488 send_pubkey_test(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *id)
1489 {
1490 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1491 	u_char *blob = NULL;
1492 	char *alg = NULL;
1493 	size_t bloblen;
1494 	u_int have_sig = 0;
1495 	int sent = 0, r;
1496 
1497 	if ((alg = key_sig_algorithm(ssh, id->key)) == NULL) {
1498 		debug_f("no mutual signature algorithm");
1499 		goto out;
1500 	}
1501 
1502 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(id->key, &blob, &bloblen)) != 0) {
1503 		/* we cannot handle this key */
1504 		debug3_f("cannot handle key");
1505 		goto out;
1506 	}
1507 	/* register callback for USERAUTH_PK_OK message */
1508 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK, &input_userauth_pk_ok);
1509 
1510 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1511 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1512 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1513 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1514 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, have_sig)) != 0 ||
1515 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, alg)) != 0 ||
1516 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, blob, bloblen)) != 0 ||
1517 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1518 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
1519 	sent = 1;
1520 
1521  out:
1522 	free(alg);
1523 	free(blob);
1524 	return sent;
1525 }
1526 
1527 static struct sshkey *
1528 load_identity_file(Identity *id)
1529 {
1530 	struct sshkey *private = NULL;
1531 	char prompt[300], *passphrase, *comment;
1532 	int r, quit = 0, i;
1533 	struct stat st;
1534 
1535 	if (stat(id->filename, &st) == -1) {
1536 		do_log2(id->userprovided ?
1537 		    SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3,
1538 		    "no such identity: %s: %s", id->filename, strerror(errno));
1539 		return NULL;
1540 	}
1541 	snprintf(prompt, sizeof prompt,
1542 	    "Enter passphrase for key '%.100s': ", id->filename);
1543 	for (i = 0; i <= options.number_of_password_prompts; i++) {
1544 		if (i == 0)
1545 			passphrase = "";
1546 		else {
1547 			passphrase = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1548 			if (*passphrase == '\0') {
1549 				debug2("no passphrase given, try next key");
1550 				free(passphrase);
1551 				break;
1552 			}
1553 		}
1554 		switch ((r = sshkey_load_private_type(KEY_UNSPEC, id->filename,
1555 		    passphrase, &private, &comment))) {
1556 		case 0:
1557 			break;
1558 		case SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE:
1559 			if (options.batch_mode) {
1560 				quit = 1;
1561 				break;
1562 			}
1563 			if (i != 0)
1564 				debug2("bad passphrase given, try again...");
1565 			break;
1566 		case SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR:
1567 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
1568 				debug2_r(r, "Load key \"%s\"", id->filename);
1569 				quit = 1;
1570 				break;
1571 			}
1572 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1573 		default:
1574 			error_r(r, "Load key \"%s\"", id->filename);
1575 			quit = 1;
1576 			break;
1577 		}
1578 		if (private != NULL && sshkey_is_sk(private) &&
1579 		    options.sk_provider == NULL) {
1580 			debug("key \"%s\" is an authenticator-hosted key, "
1581 			    "but no provider specified", id->filename);
1582 			sshkey_free(private);
1583 			private = NULL;
1584 			quit = 1;
1585 		}
1586 		if (!quit && (r = sshkey_check_rsa_length(private,
1587 		    options.required_rsa_size)) != 0) {
1588 			debug_fr(r, "Skipping key %s", id->filename);
1589 			sshkey_free(private);
1590 			private = NULL;
1591 			quit = 1;
1592 		}
1593 		if (!quit && private != NULL && id->agent_fd == -1 &&
1594 		    !(id->key && id->isprivate))
1595 			maybe_add_key_to_agent(id->filename, private, comment,
1596 			    passphrase);
1597 		if (i > 0)
1598 			freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1599 		free(comment);
1600 		if (private != NULL || quit)
1601 			break;
1602 	}
1603 	return private;
1604 }
1605 
1606 static int
1607 key_type_allowed_by_config(struct sshkey *key)
1608 {
1609 	if (match_pattern_list(sshkey_ssh_name(key),
1610 	    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1611 		return 1;
1612 
1613 	/* RSA keys/certs might be allowed by alternate signature types */
1614 	switch (key->type) {
1615 	case KEY_RSA:
1616 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-512",
1617 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1618 			return 1;
1619 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-256",
1620 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1621 			return 1;
1622 		break;
1623 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1624 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com",
1625 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1626 			return 1;
1627 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com",
1628 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1629 			return 1;
1630 		break;
1631 	}
1632 	return 0;
1633 }
1634 
1635 /* obtain a list of keys from the agent */
1636 static int
1637 get_agent_identities(struct ssh *ssh, int *agent_fdp,
1638     struct ssh_identitylist **idlistp)
1639 {
1640 	int r, agent_fd;
1641 	struct ssh_identitylist *idlist;
1642 
1643 	if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0) {
1644 		if (r != SSH_ERR_AGENT_NOT_PRESENT)
1645 			debug_fr(r, "ssh_get_authentication_socket");
1646 		return r;
1647 	}
1648 	if ((r = ssh_agent_bind_hostkey(agent_fd, ssh->kex->initial_hostkey,
1649 	    ssh->kex->session_id, ssh->kex->initial_sig, 0)) == 0)
1650 		debug_f("bound agent to hostkey");
1651 	else
1652 		debug2_fr(r, "ssh_agent_bind_hostkey");
1653 
1654 	if ((r = ssh_fetch_identitylist(agent_fd, &idlist)) != 0) {
1655 		debug_fr(r, "ssh_fetch_identitylist");
1656 		close(agent_fd);
1657 		return r;
1658 	}
1659 	/* success */
1660 	*agent_fdp = agent_fd;
1661 	*idlistp = idlist;
1662 	debug_f("agent returned %zu keys", idlist->nkeys);
1663 	return 0;
1664 }
1665 
1666 /*
1667  * try keys in the following order:
1668  *	1. certificates listed in the config file
1669  *	2. other input certificates
1670  *	3. agent keys that are found in the config file
1671  *	4. other agent keys
1672  *	5. keys that are only listed in the config file
1673  */
1674 static void
1675 pubkey_prepare(struct ssh *ssh, Authctxt *authctxt)
1676 {
1677 	struct identity *id, *id2, *tmp;
1678 	struct idlist agent, files, *preferred;
1679 	struct sshkey *key;
1680 	int agent_fd = -1, i, r, found;
1681 	size_t j;
1682 	struct ssh_identitylist *idlist;
1683 	char *ident;
1684 
1685 	TAILQ_INIT(&agent);	/* keys from the agent */
1686 	TAILQ_INIT(&files);	/* keys from the config file */
1687 	preferred = &authctxt->keys;
1688 	TAILQ_INIT(preferred);	/* preferred order of keys */
1689 
1690 	/* list of keys stored in the filesystem and PKCS#11 */
1691 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1692 		key = options.identity_keys[i];
1693 		if (key && key->cert &&
1694 		    key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER) {
1695 			debug_f("ignoring certificate %s: not a user "
1696 			    "certificate", options.identity_files[i]);
1697 			continue;
1698 		}
1699 		if (key && sshkey_is_sk(key) && options.sk_provider == NULL) {
1700 			debug_f("ignoring authenticator-hosted key %s as no "
1701 			    "SecurityKeyProvider has been specified",
1702 			    options.identity_files[i]);
1703 			continue;
1704 		}
1705 		options.identity_keys[i] = NULL;
1706 		id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1707 		id->agent_fd = -1;
1708 		id->key = key;
1709 		id->filename = xstrdup(options.identity_files[i]);
1710 		id->userprovided = options.identity_file_userprovided[i];
1711 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&files, id, next);
1712 	}
1713 	/* list of certificates specified by user */
1714 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_certificate_files; i++) {
1715 		key = options.certificates[i];
1716 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(key) || key->cert == NULL ||
1717 		    key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER) {
1718 			debug_f("ignoring certificate %s: not a user "
1719 			    "certificate", options.identity_files[i]);
1720 			continue;
1721 		}
1722 		if (key && sshkey_is_sk(key) && options.sk_provider == NULL) {
1723 			debug_f("ignoring authenticator-hosted key "
1724 			    "certificate %s as no "
1725 			    "SecurityKeyProvider has been specified",
1726 			    options.identity_files[i]);
1727 			continue;
1728 		}
1729 		id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1730 		id->agent_fd = -1;
1731 		id->key = key;
1732 		id->filename = xstrdup(options.certificate_files[i]);
1733 		id->userprovided = options.certificate_file_userprovided[i];
1734 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1735 	}
1736 	/* list of keys supported by the agent */
1737 	if ((r = get_agent_identities(ssh, &agent_fd, &idlist)) == 0) {
1738 		for (j = 0; j < idlist->nkeys; j++) {
1739 			if ((r = sshkey_check_rsa_length(idlist->keys[j],
1740 			    options.required_rsa_size)) != 0) {
1741 				debug_fr(r, "ignoring %s agent key",
1742 				    sshkey_ssh_name(idlist->keys[j]));
1743 				continue;
1744 			}
1745 			found = 0;
1746 			TAILQ_FOREACH(id, &files, next) {
1747 				/*
1748 				 * agent keys from the config file are
1749 				 * preferred
1750 				 */
1751 				if (sshkey_equal(idlist->keys[j], id->key)) {
1752 					TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1753 					TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1754 					id->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1755 					found = 1;
1756 					break;
1757 				}
1758 			}
1759 			if (!found && !options.identities_only) {
1760 				id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1761 				/* XXX "steals" key/comment from idlist */
1762 				id->key = idlist->keys[j];
1763 				id->filename = idlist->comments[j];
1764 				idlist->keys[j] = NULL;
1765 				idlist->comments[j] = NULL;
1766 				id->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1767 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&agent, id, next);
1768 			}
1769 		}
1770 		ssh_free_identitylist(idlist);
1771 		/* append remaining agent keys */
1772 		TAILQ_CONCAT(preferred, &agent, next);
1773 		authctxt->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1774 	}
1775 	/* Prefer PKCS11 keys that are explicitly listed */
1776 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, &files, next, tmp) {
1777 		if (id->key == NULL || (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) == 0)
1778 			continue;
1779 		found = 0;
1780 		TAILQ_FOREACH(id2, &files, next) {
1781 			if (id2->key == NULL ||
1782 			    (id2->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0)
1783 				continue;
1784 			if (sshkey_equal(id->key, id2->key)) {
1785 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1786 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1787 				found = 1;
1788 				break;
1789 			}
1790 		}
1791 		/* If IdentitiesOnly set and key not found then don't use it */
1792 		if (!found && options.identities_only) {
1793 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1794 			freezero(id, sizeof(*id));
1795 		}
1796 	}
1797 	/* append remaining keys from the config file */
1798 	TAILQ_CONCAT(preferred, &files, next);
1799 	/* finally, filter by PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms */
1800 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, preferred, next, id2) {
1801 		if (id->key != NULL && !key_type_allowed_by_config(id->key)) {
1802 			debug("Skipping %s key %s - "
1803 			    "corresponding algo not in PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms",
1804 			    sshkey_ssh_name(id->key), id->filename);
1805 			TAILQ_REMOVE(preferred, id, next);
1806 			sshkey_free(id->key);
1807 			free(id->filename);
1808 			memset(id, 0, sizeof(*id));
1809 			continue;
1810 		}
1811 	}
1812 	/* List the keys we plan on using */
1813 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, preferred, next, id2) {
1814 		ident = format_identity(id);
1815 		debug("Will attempt key: %s", ident);
1816 		free(ident);
1817 	}
1818 	debug2_f("done");
1819 }
1820 
1821 static void
1822 pubkey_cleanup(struct ssh *ssh)
1823 {
1824 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1825 	Identity *id;
1826 
1827 	if (authctxt->agent_fd != -1) {
1828 		ssh_close_authentication_socket(authctxt->agent_fd);
1829 		authctxt->agent_fd = -1;
1830 	}
1831 	for (id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys); id;
1832 	    id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys)) {
1833 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1834 		sshkey_free(id->key);
1835 		free(id->filename);
1836 		free(id);
1837 	}
1838 }
1839 
1840 static void
1841 pubkey_reset(Authctxt *authctxt)
1842 {
1843 	Identity *id;
1844 
1845 	TAILQ_FOREACH(id, &authctxt->keys, next)
1846 		id->tried = 0;
1847 }
1848 
1849 static int
1850 userauth_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh)
1851 {
1852 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1853 	Identity *id;
1854 	int sent = 0;
1855 	char *ident;
1856 
1857 	while ((id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys))) {
1858 		if (id->tried++)
1859 			return (0);
1860 		/* move key to the end of the queue */
1861 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1862 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1863 		/*
1864 		 * send a test message if we have the public key. for
1865 		 * encrypted keys we cannot do this and have to load the
1866 		 * private key instead
1867 		 */
1868 		if (id->key != NULL) {
1869 			ident = format_identity(id);
1870 			debug("Offering public key: %s", ident);
1871 			free(ident);
1872 			sent = send_pubkey_test(ssh, id);
1873 		} else {
1874 			debug("Trying private key: %s", id->filename);
1875 			id->key = load_identity_file(id);
1876 			if (id->key != NULL) {
1877 				if (id->key != NULL) {
1878 					id->isprivate = 1;
1879 					sent = sign_and_send_pubkey(ssh, id);
1880 				}
1881 				sshkey_free(id->key);
1882 				id->key = NULL;
1883 				id->isprivate = 0;
1884 			}
1885 		}
1886 		if (sent)
1887 			return (sent);
1888 	}
1889 	return (0);
1890 }
1891 
1892 /*
1893  * Send userauth request message specifying keyboard-interactive method.
1894  */
1895 static int
1896 userauth_kbdint(struct ssh *ssh)
1897 {
1898 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1899 	int r;
1900 
1901 	if (authctxt->attempt_kbdint++ >= options.number_of_password_prompts)
1902 		return 0;
1903 	/* disable if no SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST has been seen */
1904 	if (authctxt->attempt_kbdint > 1 && !authctxt->info_req_seen) {
1905 		debug3("userauth_kbdint: disable: no info_req_seen");
1906 		ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST, NULL);
1907 		return 0;
1908 	}
1909 
1910 	debug2("userauth_kbdint");
1911 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1912 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1913 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1914 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1915 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "")) != 0 ||		/* lang */
1916 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, options.kbd_interactive_devices ?
1917 	    options.kbd_interactive_devices : "")) != 0 ||
1918 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1919 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
1920 
1921 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST, &input_userauth_info_req);
1922 	return 1;
1923 }
1924 
1925 /*
1926  * parse INFO_REQUEST, prompt user and send INFO_RESPONSE
1927  */
1928 static int
1929 input_userauth_info_req(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
1930 {
1931 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
1932 	char *name = NULL, *inst = NULL, *lang = NULL, *prompt = NULL;
1933 	char *display_prompt = NULL, *response = NULL;
1934 	u_char echo = 0;
1935 	u_int num_prompts, i;
1936 	int r;
1937 
1938 	debug2_f("entering");
1939 
1940 	if (authctxt == NULL)
1941 		fatal_f("no authentication context");
1942 
1943 	authctxt->info_req_seen = 1;
1944 
1945 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &name, NULL)) != 0 ||
1946 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &inst, NULL)) != 0 ||
1947 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
1948 		goto out;
1949 	if (strlen(name) > 0)
1950 		logit("%s", name);
1951 	if (strlen(inst) > 0)
1952 		logit("%s", inst);
1953 
1954 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, &num_prompts)) != 0)
1955 		goto out;
1956 	/*
1957 	 * Begin to build info response packet based on prompts requested.
1958 	 * We commit to providing the correct number of responses, so if
1959 	 * further on we run into a problem that prevents this, we have to
1960 	 * be sure and clean this up and send a correct error response.
1961 	 */
1962 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE)) != 0 ||
1963 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh, num_prompts)) != 0)
1964 		goto out;
1965 
1966 	debug2_f("num_prompts %d", num_prompts);
1967 	for (i = 0; i < num_prompts; i++) {
1968 		if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &prompt, NULL)) != 0 ||
1969 		    (r = sshpkt_get_u8(ssh, &echo)) != 0)
1970 			goto out;
1971 		if (asmprintf(&display_prompt, INT_MAX, NULL, "(%s@%s) %s",
1972 		    authctxt->server_user, options.host_key_alias ?
1973 		    options.host_key_alias : authctxt->host, prompt) == -1)
1974 			fatal_f("asmprintf failed");
1975 		response = read_passphrase(display_prompt, echo ? RP_ECHO : 0);
1976 		if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, response)) != 0)
1977 			goto out;
1978 		freezero(response, strlen(response));
1979 		free(prompt);
1980 		free(display_prompt);
1981 		display_prompt = response = prompt = NULL;
1982 	}
1983 	/* done with parsing incoming message. */
1984 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0 ||
1985 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0)
1986 		goto out;
1987 	r = sshpkt_send(ssh);
1988  out:
1989 	if (response)
1990 		freezero(response, strlen(response));
1991 	free(prompt);
1992 	free(display_prompt);
1993 	free(name);
1994 	free(inst);
1995 	free(lang);
1996 	return r;
1997 }
1998 
1999 static int
2000 ssh_keysign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
2001     const u_char *data, size_t datalen)
2002 {
2003 	struct sshbuf *b;
2004 	struct stat st;
2005 	pid_t pid;
2006 	int r, to[2], from[2], status;
2007 	int sock = ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh);
2008 	u_char rversion = 0, version = 2;
2009 	void (*osigchld)(int);
2010 
2011 	*sigp = NULL;
2012 	*lenp = 0;
2013 
2014 	if (stat(_PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, &st) == -1) {
2015 		error_f("not installed: %s", strerror(errno));
2016 		return -1;
2017 	}
2018 	if (fflush(stdout) != 0) {
2019 		error_f("fflush: %s", strerror(errno));
2020 		return -1;
2021 	}
2022 	if (pipe(to) == -1) {
2023 		error_f("pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
2024 		return -1;
2025 	}
2026 	if (pipe(from) == -1) {
2027 		error_f("pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
2028 		return -1;
2029 	}
2030 	if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
2031 		error_f("fork: %s", strerror(errno));
2032 		return -1;
2033 	}
2034 	osigchld = ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
2035 	if (pid == 0) {
2036 		close(from[0]);
2037 		if (dup2(from[1], STDOUT_FILENO) == -1)
2038 			fatal_f("dup2: %s", strerror(errno));
2039 		close(to[1]);
2040 		if (dup2(to[0], STDIN_FILENO) == -1)
2041 			fatal_f("dup2: %s", strerror(errno));
2042 		close(from[1]);
2043 		close(to[0]);
2044 
2045 		if (dup2(sock, STDERR_FILENO + 1) == -1)
2046 			fatal_f("dup2: %s", strerror(errno));
2047 		sock = STDERR_FILENO + 1;
2048 		if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, 0) == -1) /* keep the socket on exec */
2049 			debug3_f("fcntl F_SETFD: %s", strerror(errno));
2050 		closefrom(sock + 1);
2051 
2052 		debug3_f("[child] pid=%ld, exec %s",
2053 		    (long)getpid(), _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN);
2054 		execl(_PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, (char *)NULL);
2055 		fatal_f("exec(%s): %s", _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN,
2056 		    strerror(errno));
2057 	}
2058 	close(from[1]);
2059 	close(to[0]);
2060 	sock = STDERR_FILENO + 1;
2061 
2062 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2063 		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
2064 	/* send # of sock, data to be signed */
2065 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(b, sock)) != 0 ||
2066 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, data, datalen)) != 0)
2067 		fatal_fr(r, "buffer error");
2068 	if (ssh_msg_send(to[1], version, b) == -1)
2069 		fatal_f("couldn't send request");
2070 	sshbuf_reset(b);
2071 	r = ssh_msg_recv(from[0], b);
2072 	close(from[0]);
2073 	close(to[1]);
2074 	if (r < 0) {
2075 		error_f("no reply");
2076 		goto fail;
2077 	}
2078 
2079 	errno = 0;
2080 	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
2081 		if (errno != EINTR) {
2082 			error_f("waitpid %ld: %s", (long)pid, strerror(errno));
2083 			goto fail;
2084 		}
2085 	}
2086 	if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
2087 		error_f("exited abnormally");
2088 		goto fail;
2089 	}
2090 	if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
2091 		error_f("exited with status %d", WEXITSTATUS(status));
2092 		goto fail;
2093 	}
2094 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &rversion)) != 0) {
2095 		error_fr(r, "buffer error");
2096 		goto fail;
2097 	}
2098 	if (rversion != version) {
2099 		error_f("bad version");
2100 		goto fail;
2101 	}
2102 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(b, sigp, lenp)) != 0) {
2103 		error_fr(r, "buffer error");
2104  fail:
2105 		ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, osigchld);
2106 		sshbuf_free(b);
2107 		return -1;
2108 	}
2109 	ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, osigchld);
2110 	sshbuf_free(b);
2111 
2112 	return 0;
2113 }
2114 
2115 static int
2116 userauth_hostbased(struct ssh *ssh)
2117 {
2118 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
2119 	struct sshkey *private = NULL;
2120 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
2121 	u_char *sig = NULL, *keyblob = NULL;
2122 	char *fp = NULL, *chost = NULL, *lname = NULL;
2123 	size_t siglen = 0, keylen = 0;
2124 	int i, r, success = 0;
2125 
2126 	if (authctxt->ktypes == NULL) {
2127 		authctxt->oktypes = xstrdup(options.hostbased_accepted_algos);
2128 		authctxt->ktypes = authctxt->oktypes;
2129 	}
2130 
2131 	/*
2132 	 * Work through each listed type pattern in HostbasedAcceptedAlgorithms,
2133 	 * trying each hostkey that matches the type in turn.
2134 	 */
2135 	for (;;) {
2136 		if (authctxt->active_ktype == NULL)
2137 			authctxt->active_ktype = strsep(&authctxt->ktypes, ",");
2138 		if (authctxt->active_ktype == NULL ||
2139 		    *authctxt->active_ktype == '\0')
2140 			break;
2141 		debug3_f("trying key type %s", authctxt->active_ktype);
2142 
2143 		/* check for a useful key */
2144 		private = NULL;
2145 		for (i = 0; i < authctxt->sensitive->nkeys; i++) {
2146 			if (authctxt->sensitive->keys[i] == NULL ||
2147 			    authctxt->sensitive->keys[i]->type == KEY_UNSPEC)
2148 				continue;
2149 			if (!sshkey_match_keyname_to_sigalgs(
2150 			    sshkey_ssh_name(authctxt->sensitive->keys[i]),
2151 			    authctxt->active_ktype))
2152 				continue;
2153 			/* we take and free the key */
2154 			private = authctxt->sensitive->keys[i];
2155 			authctxt->sensitive->keys[i] = NULL;
2156 			break;
2157 		}
2158 		/* Found one */
2159 		if (private != NULL)
2160 			break;
2161 		/* No more keys of this type; advance */
2162 		authctxt->active_ktype = NULL;
2163 	}
2164 	if (private == NULL) {
2165 		free(authctxt->oktypes);
2166 		authctxt->oktypes = authctxt->ktypes = NULL;
2167 		authctxt->active_ktype = NULL;
2168 		debug("No more client hostkeys for hostbased authentication.");
2169 		goto out;
2170 	}
2171 
2172 	if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(private, options.fingerprint_hash,
2173 	    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) {
2174 		error_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
2175 		goto out;
2176 	}
2177 	debug_f("trying hostkey %s %s using sigalg %s",
2178 	    sshkey_ssh_name(private), fp, authctxt->active_ktype);
2179 
2180 	/* figure out a name for the client host */
2181 	lname = get_local_name(ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh));
2182 	if (lname == NULL) {
2183 		error_f("cannot get local ipaddr/name");
2184 		goto out;
2185 	}
2186 
2187 	/* XXX sshbuf_put_stringf? */
2188 	xasprintf(&chost, "%s.", lname);
2189 	debug2_f("chost %s", chost);
2190 
2191 	/* construct data */
2192 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
2193 		error_f("sshbuf_new failed");
2194 		goto out;
2195 	}
2196 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(private, &keyblob, &keylen)) != 0) {
2197 		error_fr(r, "sshkey_to_blob");
2198 		goto out;
2199 	}
2200 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, ssh->kex->session_id)) != 0 ||
2201 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
2202 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
2203 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
2204 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
2205 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->active_ktype)) != 0 ||
2206 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, keyblob, keylen)) != 0 ||
2207 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, chost)) != 0 ||
2208 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->local_user)) != 0) {
2209 		error_fr(r, "buffer error");
2210 		goto out;
2211 	}
2212 
2213 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2214 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
2215 #endif
2216 	if ((r = ssh_keysign(ssh, private, &sig, &siglen,
2217 	    sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b))) != 0) {
2218 		error("sign using hostkey %s %s failed",
2219 		    sshkey_ssh_name(private), fp);
2220 		goto out;
2221 	}
2222 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
2223 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
2224 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
2225 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
2226 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->active_ktype)) != 0 ||
2227 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, keyblob, keylen)) != 0 ||
2228 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, chost)) != 0 ||
2229 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->local_user)) != 0 ||
2230 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, sig, siglen)) != 0 ||
2231 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0) {
2232 		error_fr(r, "packet error");
2233 		goto out;
2234 	}
2235 	success = 1;
2236 
2237  out:
2238 	if (sig != NULL)
2239 		freezero(sig, siglen);
2240 	free(keyblob);
2241 	free(lname);
2242 	free(fp);
2243 	free(chost);
2244 	sshkey_free(private);
2245 	sshbuf_free(b);
2246 
2247 	return success;
2248 }
2249 
2250 /* find auth method */
2251 
2252 /*
2253  * given auth method name, if configurable options permit this method fill
2254  * in auth_ident field and return true, otherwise return false.
2255  */
2256 static int
2257 authmethod_is_enabled(Authmethod *method)
2258 {
2259 	if (method == NULL)
2260 		return 0;
2261 	/* return false if options indicate this method is disabled */
2262 	if  (method->enabled == NULL || *method->enabled == 0)
2263 		return 0;
2264 	/* return false if batch mode is enabled but method needs interactive mode */
2265 	if  (method->batch_flag != NULL && *method->batch_flag != 0)
2266 		return 0;
2267 	return 1;
2268 }
2269 
2270 static Authmethod *
2271 authmethod_lookup(const char *name)
2272 {
2273 	Authmethod *method = NULL;
2274 	if (name != NULL)
2275 		for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++)
2276 			if (strcmp(name, method->name) == 0)
2277 				return method;
2278 	debug2("Unrecognized authentication method name: %s", name ? name : "NULL");
2279 	return NULL;
2280 }
2281 
2282 /* XXX internal state */
2283 static Authmethod *current = NULL;
2284 static char *supported = NULL;
2285 static char *preferred = NULL;
2286 
2287 /*
2288  * Given the authentication method list sent by the server, return the
2289  * next method we should try.  If the server initially sends a nil list,
2290  * use a built-in default list.
2291  */
2292 static Authmethod *
2293 authmethod_get(char *authlist)
2294 {
2295 	char *name = NULL;
2296 	u_int next;
2297 
2298 	/* Use a suitable default if we're passed a nil list.  */
2299 	if (authlist == NULL || strlen(authlist) == 0)
2300 		authlist = options.preferred_authentications;
2301 
2302 	if (supported == NULL || strcmp(authlist, supported) != 0) {
2303 		debug3("start over, passed a different list %s", authlist);
2304 		free(supported);
2305 		supported = xstrdup(authlist);
2306 		preferred = options.preferred_authentications;
2307 		debug3("preferred %s", preferred);
2308 		current = NULL;
2309 	} else if (current != NULL && authmethod_is_enabled(current))
2310 		return current;
2311 
2312 	for (;;) {
2313 		if ((name = match_list(preferred, supported, &next)) == NULL) {
2314 			debug("No more authentication methods to try.");
2315 			current = NULL;
2316 			return NULL;
2317 		}
2318 		preferred += next;
2319 		debug3("authmethod_lookup %s", name);
2320 		debug3("remaining preferred: %s", preferred);
2321 		if ((current = authmethod_lookup(name)) != NULL &&
2322 		    authmethod_is_enabled(current)) {
2323 			debug3("authmethod_is_enabled %s", name);
2324 			debug("Next authentication method: %s", name);
2325 			free(name);
2326 			return current;
2327 		}
2328 		free(name);
2329 	}
2330 }
2331 
2332 static char *
2333 authmethods_get(void)
2334 {
2335 	Authmethod *method = NULL;
2336 	struct sshbuf *b;
2337 	char *list;
2338 	int r;
2339 
2340 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2341 		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
2342 	for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++) {
2343 		if (authmethod_is_enabled(method)) {
2344 			if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s%s",
2345 			    sshbuf_len(b) ? "," : "", method->name)) != 0)
2346 				fatal_fr(r, "buffer error");
2347 		}
2348 	}
2349 	if ((list = sshbuf_dup_string(b)) == NULL)
2350 		fatal_f("sshbuf_dup_string failed");
2351 	sshbuf_free(b);
2352 	return list;
2353 }
2354