xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/ssh_api.c (revision c020cf82e0cc147236f01a8dca7052034cf9d30d)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh_api.c,v 1.19 2019/10/31 21:23:19 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2012 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
6  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
8  *
9  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
10  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
11  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
12  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
13  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
14  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
15  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
16  */
17 
18 #include <sys/types.h>
19 
20 #include <stdio.h>
21 #include <stdlib.h>
22 
23 #include "ssh_api.h"
24 #include "compat.h"
25 #include "log.h"
26 #include "authfile.h"
27 #include "sshkey.h"
28 #include "misc.h"
29 #include "ssh2.h"
30 #include "version.h"
31 #include "myproposal.h"
32 #include "ssherr.h"
33 #include "sshbuf.h"
34 
35 #include <string.h>
36 
37 int	_ssh_exchange_banner(struct ssh *);
38 int	_ssh_send_banner(struct ssh *, struct sshbuf *);
39 int	_ssh_read_banner(struct ssh *, struct sshbuf *);
40 int	_ssh_order_hostkeyalgs(struct ssh *);
41 int	_ssh_verify_host_key(struct sshkey *, struct ssh *);
42 struct sshkey *_ssh_host_public_key(int, int, struct ssh *);
43 struct sshkey *_ssh_host_private_key(int, int, struct ssh *);
44 int	_ssh_host_key_sign(struct ssh *, struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *,
45     u_char **, size_t *, const u_char *, size_t, const char *);
46 
47 /*
48  * stubs for the server side implementation of kex.
49  * disable privsep so our stubs will never be called.
50  */
51 int	use_privsep = 0;
52 int	mm_sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *, u_char **, u_int *,
53     const u_char *, u_int, const char *, const char *, u_int);
54 
55 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
56 DH	*mm_choose_dh(int, int, int);
57 #endif
58 
59 /* Define these two variables here so that they are part of the library */
60 u_char *session_id2 = NULL;
61 u_int session_id2_len = 0;
62 
63 int
64 mm_sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, u_int *lenp,
65     const u_char *data, u_int datalen, const char *alg, const char *sk_provider,
66     u_int compat)
67 {
68 	return (-1);
69 }
70 
71 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
72 DH *
73 mm_choose_dh(int min, int nbits, int max)
74 {
75 	return (NULL);
76 }
77 #endif
78 
79 /* API */
80 
81 int
82 ssh_init(struct ssh **sshp, int is_server, struct kex_params *kex_params)
83 {
84         char *myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAX] = { KEX_CLIENT };
85 	struct ssh *ssh;
86 	char **proposal;
87 	static int called;
88 	int r;
89 
90 	if (!called) {
91 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
92 		OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
93 #endif
94 		called = 1;
95 	}
96 
97 	if ((ssh = ssh_packet_set_connection(NULL, -1, -1)) == NULL)
98 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
99 	if (is_server)
100 		ssh_packet_set_server(ssh);
101 
102 	/* Initialize key exchange */
103 	proposal = kex_params ? kex_params->proposal : myproposal;
104 	if ((r = kex_ready(ssh, proposal)) != 0) {
105 		ssh_free(ssh);
106 		return r;
107 	}
108 	ssh->kex->server = is_server;
109 	if (is_server) {
110 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
111 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kex_gen_server;
112 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kex_gen_server;
113 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kex_gen_server;
114 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
115 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
116 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_server;
117 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_server;
118 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kex_gen_server;
119 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
120 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kex_gen_server;
121 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_KEM_SNTRUP4591761X25519_SHA512] = kex_gen_server;
122 		ssh->kex->load_host_public_key=&_ssh_host_public_key;
123 		ssh->kex->load_host_private_key=&_ssh_host_private_key;
124 		ssh->kex->sign=&_ssh_host_key_sign;
125 	} else {
126 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
127 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kex_gen_client;
128 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kex_gen_client;
129 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kex_gen_client;
130 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
131 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
132 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_client;
133 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_client;
134 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kex_gen_client;
135 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
136 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kex_gen_client;
137 		ssh->kex->kex[KEX_KEM_SNTRUP4591761X25519_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
138 		ssh->kex->verify_host_key =&_ssh_verify_host_key;
139 	}
140 	*sshp = ssh;
141 	return 0;
142 }
143 
144 void
145 ssh_free(struct ssh *ssh)
146 {
147 	struct key_entry *k;
148 
149 	ssh_packet_close(ssh);
150 	/*
151 	 * we've only created the public keys variants in case we
152 	 * are a acting as a server.
153 	 */
154 	while ((k = TAILQ_FIRST(&ssh->public_keys)) != NULL) {
155 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ssh->public_keys, k, next);
156 		if (ssh->kex && ssh->kex->server)
157 			sshkey_free(k->key);
158 		free(k);
159 	}
160 	while ((k = TAILQ_FIRST(&ssh->private_keys)) != NULL) {
161 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ssh->private_keys, k, next);
162 		free(k);
163 	}
164 	if (ssh->kex)
165 		kex_free(ssh->kex);
166 	free(ssh);
167 }
168 
169 void
170 ssh_set_app_data(struct ssh *ssh, void *app_data)
171 {
172 	ssh->app_data = app_data;
173 }
174 
175 void *
176 ssh_get_app_data(struct ssh *ssh)
177 {
178 	return ssh->app_data;
179 }
180 
181 /* Returns < 0 on error, 0 otherwise */
182 int
183 ssh_add_hostkey(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *key)
184 {
185 	struct sshkey *pubkey = NULL;
186 	struct key_entry *k = NULL, *k_prv = NULL;
187 	int r;
188 
189 	if (ssh->kex->server) {
190 		if ((r = sshkey_from_private(key, &pubkey)) != 0)
191 			return r;
192 		if ((k = malloc(sizeof(*k))) == NULL ||
193 		    (k_prv = malloc(sizeof(*k_prv))) == NULL) {
194 			free(k);
195 			sshkey_free(pubkey);
196 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
197 		}
198 		k_prv->key = key;
199 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ssh->private_keys, k_prv, next);
200 
201 		/* add the public key, too */
202 		k->key = pubkey;
203 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ssh->public_keys, k, next);
204 		r = 0;
205 	} else {
206 		if ((k = malloc(sizeof(*k))) == NULL)
207 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
208 		k->key = key;
209 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ssh->public_keys, k, next);
210 		r = 0;
211 	}
212 
213 	return r;
214 }
215 
216 int
217 ssh_set_verify_host_key_callback(struct ssh *ssh,
218     int (*cb)(struct sshkey *, struct ssh *))
219 {
220 	if (cb == NULL || ssh->kex == NULL)
221 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
222 
223 	ssh->kex->verify_host_key = cb;
224 
225 	return 0;
226 }
227 
228 int
229 ssh_input_append(struct ssh *ssh, const u_char *data, size_t len)
230 {
231 	return sshbuf_put(ssh_packet_get_input(ssh), data, len);
232 }
233 
234 int
235 ssh_packet_next(struct ssh *ssh, u_char *typep)
236 {
237 	int r;
238 	u_int32_t seqnr;
239 	u_char type;
240 
241 	/*
242 	 * Try to read a packet. Return SSH_MSG_NONE if no packet or not
243 	 * enough data.
244 	 */
245 	*typep = SSH_MSG_NONE;
246 	if (sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->client_version) == 0 ||
247 	    sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->server_version) == 0)
248 		return _ssh_exchange_banner(ssh);
249 	/*
250 	 * If we enough data and a dispatch function then
251 	 * call the function and get the next packet.
252 	 * Otherwise return the packet type to the caller so it
253 	 * can decide how to go on.
254 	 *
255 	 * We will only call the dispatch function for:
256 	 *     20-29    Algorithm negotiation
257 	 *     30-49    Key exchange method specific (numbers can be reused for
258 	 *              different authentication methods)
259 	 */
260 	for (;;) {
261 		if ((r = ssh_packet_read_poll2(ssh, &type, &seqnr)) != 0)
262 			return r;
263 		if (type > 0 && type < DISPATCH_MAX &&
264 		    type >= SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT && type <= SSH2_MSG_TRANSPORT_MAX &&
265 		    ssh->dispatch[type] != NULL) {
266 			if ((r = (*ssh->dispatch[type])(type, seqnr, ssh)) != 0)
267 				return r;
268 		} else {
269 			*typep = type;
270 			return 0;
271 		}
272 	}
273 }
274 
275 const u_char *
276 ssh_packet_payload(struct ssh *ssh, size_t *lenp)
277 {
278 	return sshpkt_ptr(ssh, lenp);
279 }
280 
281 int
282 ssh_packet_put(struct ssh *ssh, int type, const u_char *data, size_t len)
283 {
284 	int r;
285 
286 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, type)) != 0 ||
287 	    (r = sshpkt_put(ssh, data, len)) != 0 ||
288 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
289 		return r;
290 	return 0;
291 }
292 
293 const u_char *
294 ssh_output_ptr(struct ssh *ssh, size_t *len)
295 {
296 	struct sshbuf *output = ssh_packet_get_output(ssh);
297 
298 	*len = sshbuf_len(output);
299 	return sshbuf_ptr(output);
300 }
301 
302 int
303 ssh_output_consume(struct ssh *ssh, size_t len)
304 {
305 	return sshbuf_consume(ssh_packet_get_output(ssh), len);
306 }
307 
308 int
309 ssh_output_space(struct ssh *ssh, size_t len)
310 {
311 	return (0 == sshbuf_check_reserve(ssh_packet_get_output(ssh), len));
312 }
313 
314 int
315 ssh_input_space(struct ssh *ssh, size_t len)
316 {
317 	return (0 == sshbuf_check_reserve(ssh_packet_get_input(ssh), len));
318 }
319 
320 /* Read other side's version identification. */
321 int
322 _ssh_read_banner(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshbuf *banner)
323 {
324 	struct sshbuf *input = ssh_packet_get_input(ssh);
325 	const char *mismatch = "Protocol mismatch.\r\n";
326 	const u_char *s = sshbuf_ptr(input);
327 	u_char c;
328 	char *cp = NULL, *remote_version = NULL;
329 	int r = 0, remote_major, remote_minor, expect_nl;
330 	size_t n, j;
331 
332 	for (j = n = 0;;) {
333 		sshbuf_reset(banner);
334 		expect_nl = 0;
335 		for (;;) {
336 			if (j >= sshbuf_len(input))
337 				return 0; /* insufficient data in input buf */
338 			c = s[j++];
339 			if (c == '\r') {
340 				expect_nl = 1;
341 				continue;
342 			}
343 			if (c == '\n')
344 				break;
345 			if (expect_nl)
346 				goto bad;
347 			if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(banner, c)) != 0)
348 				return r;
349 			if (sshbuf_len(banner) > SSH_MAX_BANNER_LEN)
350 				goto bad;
351 		}
352 		if (sshbuf_len(banner) >= 4 &&
353 		    memcmp(sshbuf_ptr(banner), "SSH-", 4) == 0)
354 			break;
355 		debug("%s: %.*s", __func__, (int)sshbuf_len(banner),
356 		    sshbuf_ptr(banner));
357 		/* Accept lines before banner only on client */
358 		if (ssh->kex->server || ++n > SSH_MAX_PRE_BANNER_LINES) {
359   bad:
360 			if ((r = sshbuf_put(ssh_packet_get_output(ssh),
361 			   mismatch, strlen(mismatch))) != 0)
362 				return r;
363 			return SSH_ERR_NO_PROTOCOL_VERSION;
364 		}
365 	}
366 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(input, j)) != 0)
367 		return r;
368 
369 	/* XXX remote version must be the same size as banner for sscanf */
370 	if ((cp = sshbuf_dup_string(banner)) == NULL ||
371 	    (remote_version = calloc(1, sshbuf_len(banner))) == NULL) {
372 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
373 		goto out;
374 	}
375 
376 	/*
377 	 * Check that the versions match.  In future this might accept
378 	 * several versions and set appropriate flags to handle them.
379 	 */
380 	if (sscanf(cp, "SSH-%d.%d-%[^\n]\n",
381 	    &remote_major, &remote_minor, remote_version) != 3) {
382 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
383 		goto out;
384 	}
385 	debug("Remote protocol version %d.%d, remote software version %.100s",
386 	    remote_major, remote_minor, remote_version);
387 
388 	ssh->compat = compat_datafellows(remote_version);
389 	if  (remote_major == 1 && remote_minor == 99) {
390 		remote_major = 2;
391 		remote_minor = 0;
392 	}
393 	if (remote_major != 2)
394 		r = SSH_ERR_PROTOCOL_MISMATCH;
395 
396 	debug("Remote version string %.100s", cp);
397  out:
398 	free(cp);
399 	free(remote_version);
400 	return r;
401 }
402 
403 /* Send our own protocol version identification. */
404 int
405 _ssh_send_banner(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshbuf *banner)
406 {
407 	char *cp;
408 	int r;
409 
410 	if ((r = sshbuf_putf(banner, "SSH-2.0-%.100s\r\n", SSH_VERSION)) != 0)
411 		return r;
412 	if ((r = sshbuf_putb(ssh_packet_get_output(ssh), banner)) != 0)
413 		return r;
414 	/* Remove trailing \r\n */
415 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume_end(banner, 2)) != 0)
416 		return r;
417 	if ((cp = sshbuf_dup_string(banner)) == NULL)
418 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
419 	debug("Local version string %.100s", cp);
420 	free(cp);
421 	return 0;
422 }
423 
424 int
425 _ssh_exchange_banner(struct ssh *ssh)
426 {
427 	struct kex *kex = ssh->kex;
428 	int r;
429 
430 	/*
431 	 * if _ssh_read_banner() cannot parse a full version string
432 	 * it will return NULL and we end up calling it again.
433 	 */
434 
435 	r = 0;
436 	if (kex->server) {
437 		if (sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->server_version) == 0)
438 			r = _ssh_send_banner(ssh, ssh->kex->server_version);
439 		if (r == 0 &&
440 		    sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->server_version) != 0 &&
441 		    sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->client_version) == 0)
442 			r = _ssh_read_banner(ssh, ssh->kex->client_version);
443 	} else {
444 		if (sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->server_version) == 0)
445 			r = _ssh_read_banner(ssh, ssh->kex->server_version);
446 		if (r == 0 &&
447 		    sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->server_version) != 0 &&
448 		    sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->client_version) == 0)
449 			r = _ssh_send_banner(ssh, ssh->kex->client_version);
450 	}
451 	if (r != 0)
452 		return r;
453 	/* start initial kex as soon as we have exchanged the banners */
454 	if (sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->server_version) != 0 &&
455 	    sshbuf_len(ssh->kex->client_version) != 0) {
456 		if ((r = _ssh_order_hostkeyalgs(ssh)) != 0 ||
457 		    (r = kex_send_kexinit(ssh)) != 0)
458 			return r;
459 	}
460 	return 0;
461 }
462 
463 struct sshkey *
464 _ssh_host_public_key(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
465 {
466 	struct key_entry *k;
467 
468 	debug3("%s: need %d", __func__, type);
469 	TAILQ_FOREACH(k, &ssh->public_keys, next) {
470 		debug3("%s: check %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k->key));
471 		if (k->key->type == type &&
472 		    (type != KEY_ECDSA || k->key->ecdsa_nid == nid))
473 			return (k->key);
474 	}
475 	return (NULL);
476 }
477 
478 struct sshkey *
479 _ssh_host_private_key(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
480 {
481 	struct key_entry *k;
482 
483 	debug3("%s: need %d", __func__, type);
484 	TAILQ_FOREACH(k, &ssh->private_keys, next) {
485 		debug3("%s: check %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k->key));
486 		if (k->key->type == type &&
487 		    (type != KEY_ECDSA || k->key->ecdsa_nid == nid))
488 			return (k->key);
489 	}
490 	return (NULL);
491 }
492 
493 int
494 _ssh_verify_host_key(struct sshkey *hostkey, struct ssh *ssh)
495 {
496 	struct key_entry *k;
497 
498 	debug3("%s: need %s", __func__, sshkey_type(hostkey));
499 	TAILQ_FOREACH(k, &ssh->public_keys, next) {
500 		debug3("%s: check %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k->key));
501 		if (sshkey_equal_public(hostkey, k->key))
502 			return (0);	/* ok */
503 	}
504 	return (-1);	/* failed */
505 }
506 
507 /* offer hostkey algorithms in kexinit depending on registered keys */
508 int
509 _ssh_order_hostkeyalgs(struct ssh *ssh)
510 {
511 	struct key_entry *k;
512 	char *orig, *avail, *oavail = NULL, *alg, *replace = NULL;
513 	char **proposal;
514 	size_t maxlen;
515 	int ktype, r;
516 
517 	/* XXX we de-serialize ssh->kex->my, modify it, and change it */
518 	if ((r = kex_buf2prop(ssh->kex->my, NULL, &proposal)) != 0)
519 		return r;
520 	orig = proposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS];
521 	if ((oavail = avail = strdup(orig)) == NULL) {
522 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
523 		goto out;
524 	}
525 	maxlen = strlen(avail) + 1;
526 	if ((replace = calloc(1, maxlen)) == NULL) {
527 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
528 		goto out;
529 	}
530 	*replace = '\0';
531 	while ((alg = strsep(&avail, ",")) && *alg != '\0') {
532 		if ((ktype = sshkey_type_from_name(alg)) == KEY_UNSPEC)
533 			continue;
534 		TAILQ_FOREACH(k, &ssh->public_keys, next) {
535 			if (k->key->type == ktype ||
536 			    (sshkey_is_cert(k->key) && k->key->type ==
537 			    sshkey_type_plain(ktype))) {
538 				if (*replace != '\0')
539 					strlcat(replace, ",", maxlen);
540 				strlcat(replace, alg, maxlen);
541 				break;
542 			}
543 		}
544 	}
545 	if (*replace != '\0') {
546 		debug2("%s: orig/%d    %s", __func__, ssh->kex->server, orig);
547 		debug2("%s: replace/%d %s", __func__, ssh->kex->server, replace);
548 		free(orig);
549 		proposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS] = replace;
550 		replace = NULL;	/* owned by proposal */
551 		r = kex_prop2buf(ssh->kex->my, proposal);
552 	}
553  out:
554 	free(oavail);
555 	free(replace);
556 	kex_prop_free(proposal);
557 	return r;
558 }
559 
560 int
561 _ssh_host_key_sign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *privkey,
562     struct sshkey *pubkey, u_char **signature, size_t *slen,
563     const u_char *data, size_t dlen, const char *alg)
564 {
565 	return sshkey_sign(privkey, signature, slen, data, dlen,
566 	    alg, NULL, ssh->compat);
567 }
568