xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/ssh.c (revision db3296cf5c1dd9058ceecc3a29fe4aaa0bd26000)
1 /*
2  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
3  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
4  *                    All rights reserved
5  * Ssh client program.  This program can be used to log into a remote machine.
6  * The software supports strong authentication, encryption, and forwarding
7  * of X11, TCP/IP, and authentication connections.
8  *
9  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
10  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
11  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
12  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
13  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
14  *
15  * Copyright (c) 1999 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
16  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
17  *
18  * Modified to work with SSL by Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
19  * in Canada (German citizen).
20  *
21  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
22  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
23  * are met:
24  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
25  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
26  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
27  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
28  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
29  *
30  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
31  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
32  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
33  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
34  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
35  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
36  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
37  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
38  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
39  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
40  */
41 
42 #include "includes.h"
43 RCSID("$OpenBSD: ssh.c,v 1.198 2003/07/22 13:35:22 markus Exp $");
44 
45 #include <openssl/evp.h>
46 #include <openssl/err.h>
47 
48 #include "ssh.h"
49 #include "ssh1.h"
50 #include "ssh2.h"
51 #include "compat.h"
52 #include "cipher.h"
53 #include "xmalloc.h"
54 #include "packet.h"
55 #include "buffer.h"
56 #include "channels.h"
57 #include "key.h"
58 #include "authfd.h"
59 #include "authfile.h"
60 #include "pathnames.h"
61 #include "clientloop.h"
62 #include "log.h"
63 #include "readconf.h"
64 #include "sshconnect.h"
65 #include "tildexpand.h"
66 #include "dispatch.h"
67 #include "misc.h"
68 #include "kex.h"
69 #include "mac.h"
70 #include "sshtty.h"
71 
72 #ifdef SMARTCARD
73 #include "scard.h"
74 #endif
75 
76 extern char *__progname;
77 
78 /* Flag indicating whether debug mode is on.  This can be set on the command line. */
79 int debug_flag = 0;
80 
81 /* Flag indicating whether a tty should be allocated */
82 int tty_flag = 0;
83 int no_tty_flag = 0;
84 int force_tty_flag = 0;
85 
86 /* don't exec a shell */
87 int no_shell_flag = 0;
88 
89 /*
90  * Flag indicating that nothing should be read from stdin.  This can be set
91  * on the command line.
92  */
93 int stdin_null_flag = 0;
94 
95 /*
96  * Flag indicating that ssh should fork after authentication.  This is useful
97  * so that the passphrase can be entered manually, and then ssh goes to the
98  * background.
99  */
100 int fork_after_authentication_flag = 0;
101 
102 /*
103  * General data structure for command line options and options configurable
104  * in configuration files.  See readconf.h.
105  */
106 Options options;
107 
108 /* optional user configfile */
109 char *config = NULL;
110 
111 /*
112  * Name of the host we are connecting to.  This is the name given on the
113  * command line, or the HostName specified for the user-supplied name in a
114  * configuration file.
115  */
116 char *host;
117 
118 /* socket address the host resolves to */
119 struct sockaddr_storage hostaddr;
120 
121 /* Private host keys. */
122 Sensitive sensitive_data;
123 
124 /* Original real UID. */
125 uid_t original_real_uid;
126 uid_t original_effective_uid;
127 
128 /* command to be executed */
129 Buffer command;
130 
131 /* Should we execute a command or invoke a subsystem? */
132 int subsystem_flag = 0;
133 
134 /* # of replies received for global requests */
135 static int client_global_request_id = 0;
136 
137 /* pid of proxycommand child process */
138 pid_t proxy_command_pid = 0;
139 
140 /* Prints a help message to the user.  This function never returns. */
141 
142 static void
143 usage(void)
144 {
145 	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options] host [command]\n", __progname);
146 	fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");
147 	fprintf(stderr, "  -l user     Log in using this user name.\n");
148 	fprintf(stderr, "  -n          Redirect input from " _PATH_DEVNULL ".\n");
149 	fprintf(stderr, "  -F config   Config file (default: ~/%s).\n",
150 	     _PATH_SSH_USER_CONFFILE);
151 	fprintf(stderr, "  -A          Enable authentication agent forwarding.\n");
152 	fprintf(stderr, "  -a          Disable authentication agent forwarding (default).\n");
153 	fprintf(stderr, "  -k          Disable Kerberos ticket forwarding.\n");
154 	fprintf(stderr, "  -X          Enable X11 connection forwarding.\n");
155 	fprintf(stderr, "  -x          Disable X11 connection forwarding (default).\n");
156 	fprintf(stderr, "  -i file     Identity for public key authentication "
157 	    "(default: ~/.ssh/identity)\n");
158 #ifdef SMARTCARD
159 	fprintf(stderr, "  -I reader   Set smartcard reader.\n");
160 #endif
161 	fprintf(stderr, "  -t          Tty; allocate a tty even if command is given.\n");
162 	fprintf(stderr, "  -T          Do not allocate a tty.\n");
163 	fprintf(stderr, "  -v          Verbose; display verbose debugging messages.\n");
164 	fprintf(stderr, "              Multiple -v increases verbosity.\n");
165 	fprintf(stderr, "  -V          Display version number only.\n");
166 	fprintf(stderr, "  -q          Quiet; don't display any warning messages.\n");
167 	fprintf(stderr, "  -f          Fork into background after authentication.\n");
168 	fprintf(stderr, "  -e char     Set escape character; ``none'' = disable (default: ~).\n");
169 
170 	fprintf(stderr, "  -c cipher   Select encryption algorithm\n");
171 	fprintf(stderr, "  -m macs     Specify MAC algorithms for protocol version 2.\n");
172 	fprintf(stderr, "  -p port     Connect to this port.  Server must be on the same port.\n");
173 	fprintf(stderr, "  -L listen-port:host:port   Forward local port to remote address\n");
174 	fprintf(stderr, "  -R listen-port:host:port   Forward remote port to local address\n");
175 	fprintf(stderr, "              These cause %s to listen for connections on a port, and\n", __progname);
176 	fprintf(stderr, "              forward them to the other side by connecting to host:port.\n");
177 	fprintf(stderr, "  -D port     Enable dynamic application-level port forwarding.\n");
178 	fprintf(stderr, "  -C          Enable compression.\n");
179 	fprintf(stderr, "  -N          Do not execute a shell or command.\n");
180 	fprintf(stderr, "  -g          Allow remote hosts to connect to forwarded ports.\n");
181 	fprintf(stderr, "  -1          Force protocol version 1.\n");
182 	fprintf(stderr, "  -2          Force protocol version 2.\n");
183 	fprintf(stderr, "  -4          Use IPv4 only.\n");
184 	fprintf(stderr, "  -6          Use IPv6 only.\n");
185 	fprintf(stderr, "  -o 'option' Process the option as if it was read from a configuration file.\n");
186 	fprintf(stderr, "  -s          Invoke command (mandatory) as SSH2 subsystem.\n");
187 	fprintf(stderr, "  -b addr     Local IP address.\n");
188 	exit(1);
189 }
190 
191 static int ssh_session(void);
192 static int ssh_session2(void);
193 static void load_public_identity_files(void);
194 
195 /*
196  * Main program for the ssh client.
197  */
198 int
199 main(int ac, char **av)
200 {
201 	int i, opt, exit_status;
202 	u_short fwd_port, fwd_host_port;
203 	char sfwd_port[6], sfwd_host_port[6];
204 	char *p, *cp, buf[256];
205 	struct stat st;
206 	struct passwd *pw;
207 	int dummy;
208 	extern int optind, optreset;
209 	extern char *optarg;
210 
211 	/*
212 	 * Save the original real uid.  It will be needed later (uid-swapping
213 	 * may clobber the real uid).
214 	 */
215 	original_real_uid = getuid();
216 	original_effective_uid = geteuid();
217 
218 	/*
219 	 * Use uid-swapping to give up root privileges for the duration of
220 	 * option processing.  We will re-instantiate the rights when we are
221 	 * ready to create the privileged port, and will permanently drop
222 	 * them when the port has been created (actually, when the connection
223 	 * has been made, as we may need to create the port several times).
224 	 */
225 	PRIV_END;
226 
227 	/* If we are installed setuid root be careful to not drop core. */
228 	if (original_real_uid != original_effective_uid) {
229 		struct rlimit rlim;
230 		rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 0;
231 		if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim) < 0)
232 			fatal("setrlimit failed: %.100s", strerror(errno));
233 	}
234 	/* Get user data. */
235 	pw = getpwuid(original_real_uid);
236 	if (!pw) {
237 		logit("You don't exist, go away!");
238 		exit(1);
239 	}
240 	/* Take a copy of the returned structure. */
241 	pw = pwcopy(pw);
242 
243 	/*
244 	 * Set our umask to something reasonable, as some files are created
245 	 * with the default umask.  This will make them world-readable but
246 	 * writable only by the owner, which is ok for all files for which we
247 	 * don't set the modes explicitly.
248 	 */
249 	umask(022);
250 
251 	/* Initialize option structure to indicate that no values have been set. */
252 	initialize_options(&options);
253 
254 	/* Parse command-line arguments. */
255 	host = NULL;
256 
257 again:
258 	while ((opt = getopt(ac, av,
259 	    "1246ab:c:e:fgi:kl:m:no:p:qstvxACD:F:I:L:NPR:TVX")) != -1) {
260 		switch (opt) {
261 		case '1':
262 			options.protocol = SSH_PROTO_1;
263 			break;
264 		case '2':
265 			options.protocol = SSH_PROTO_2;
266 			break;
267 		case '4':
268 			options.address_family = AF_INET;
269 			break;
270 		case '6':
271 			options.address_family = AF_INET6;
272 			break;
273 		case 'n':
274 			stdin_null_flag = 1;
275 			break;
276 		case 'f':
277 			fork_after_authentication_flag = 1;
278 			stdin_null_flag = 1;
279 			break;
280 		case 'x':
281 			options.forward_x11 = 0;
282 			break;
283 		case 'X':
284 			options.forward_x11 = 1;
285 			break;
286 		case 'g':
287 			options.gateway_ports = 1;
288 			break;
289 		case 'P':	/* deprecated */
290 			options.use_privileged_port = 0;
291 			break;
292 		case 'a':
293 			options.forward_agent = 0;
294 			break;
295 		case 'A':
296 			options.forward_agent = 1;
297 			break;
298 		case 'k':
299 			options.kerberos_tgt_passing = 0;
300 			break;
301 		case 'i':
302 			if (stat(optarg, &st) < 0) {
303 				fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Identity file %s "
304 				    "does not exist.\n", optarg);
305 				break;
306 			}
307 			if (options.num_identity_files >=
308 			    SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES)
309 				fatal("Too many identity files specified "
310 				    "(max %d)", SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES);
311 			options.identity_files[options.num_identity_files++] =
312 			    xstrdup(optarg);
313 			break;
314 		case 'I':
315 #ifdef SMARTCARD
316 			options.smartcard_device = xstrdup(optarg);
317 #else
318 			fprintf(stderr, "no support for smartcards.\n");
319 #endif
320 			break;
321 		case 't':
322 			if (tty_flag)
323 				force_tty_flag = 1;
324 			tty_flag = 1;
325 			break;
326 		case 'v':
327 			if (debug_flag == 0) {
328 				debug_flag = 1;
329 				options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
330 			} else {
331 				if (options.log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
332 					options.log_level++;
333 				break;
334 			}
335 			/* fallthrough */
336 		case 'V':
337 			fprintf(stderr,
338 			    "%s, SSH protocols %d.%d/%d.%d, %s\n",
339 			    SSH_VERSION,
340 			    PROTOCOL_MAJOR_1, PROTOCOL_MINOR_1,
341 			    PROTOCOL_MAJOR_2, PROTOCOL_MINOR_2,
342 			    SSLeay_version(SSLEAY_VERSION));
343 			if (opt == 'V')
344 				exit(0);
345 			break;
346 		case 'q':
347 			options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_QUIET;
348 			break;
349 		case 'e':
350 			if (optarg[0] == '^' && optarg[2] == 0 &&
351 			    (u_char) optarg[1] >= 64 &&
352 			    (u_char) optarg[1] < 128)
353 				options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[1] & 31;
354 			else if (strlen(optarg) == 1)
355 				options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[0];
356 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "none") == 0)
357 				options.escape_char = SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE;
358 			else {
359 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad escape character '%s'.\n",
360 				    optarg);
361 				exit(1);
362 			}
363 			break;
364 		case 'c':
365 			if (ciphers_valid(optarg)) {
366 				/* SSH2 only */
367 				options.ciphers = xstrdup(optarg);
368 				options.cipher = SSH_CIPHER_ILLEGAL;
369 			} else {
370 				/* SSH1 only */
371 				options.cipher = cipher_number(optarg);
372 				if (options.cipher == -1) {
373 					fprintf(stderr,
374 					    "Unknown cipher type '%s'\n",
375 					    optarg);
376 					exit(1);
377 				}
378 				if (options.cipher == SSH_CIPHER_3DES)
379 					options.ciphers = "3des-cbc";
380 				else if (options.cipher == SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH)
381 					options.ciphers = "blowfish-cbc";
382 				else
383 					options.ciphers = (char *)-1;
384 			}
385 			break;
386 		case 'm':
387 			if (mac_valid(optarg))
388 				options.macs = xstrdup(optarg);
389 			else {
390 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown mac type '%s'\n",
391 				    optarg);
392 				exit(1);
393 			}
394 			break;
395 		case 'p':
396 			options.port = a2port(optarg);
397 			if (options.port == 0) {
398 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad port '%s'\n", optarg);
399 				exit(1);
400 			}
401 			break;
402 		case 'l':
403 			options.user = optarg;
404 			break;
405 
406 		case 'L':
407 		case 'R':
408 			if (sscanf(optarg, "%5[0-9]:%255[^:]:%5[0-9]",
409 			    sfwd_port, buf, sfwd_host_port) != 3 &&
410 			    sscanf(optarg, "%5[0-9]/%255[^/]/%5[0-9]",
411 			    sfwd_port, buf, sfwd_host_port) != 3) {
412 				fprintf(stderr,
413 				    "Bad forwarding specification '%s'\n",
414 				    optarg);
415 				usage();
416 				/* NOTREACHED */
417 			}
418 			if ((fwd_port = a2port(sfwd_port)) == 0 ||
419 			    (fwd_host_port = a2port(sfwd_host_port)) == 0) {
420 				fprintf(stderr,
421 				    "Bad forwarding port(s) '%s'\n", optarg);
422 				exit(1);
423 			}
424 			if (opt == 'L')
425 				add_local_forward(&options, fwd_port, buf,
426 				    fwd_host_port);
427 			else if (opt == 'R')
428 				add_remote_forward(&options, fwd_port, buf,
429 				    fwd_host_port);
430 			break;
431 
432 		case 'D':
433 			fwd_port = a2port(optarg);
434 			if (fwd_port == 0) {
435 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad dynamic port '%s'\n",
436 				    optarg);
437 				exit(1);
438 			}
439 			add_local_forward(&options, fwd_port, "socks4", 0);
440 			break;
441 
442 		case 'C':
443 			options.compression = 1;
444 			break;
445 		case 'N':
446 			no_shell_flag = 1;
447 			no_tty_flag = 1;
448 			break;
449 		case 'T':
450 			no_tty_flag = 1;
451 			break;
452 		case 'o':
453 			dummy = 1;
454 			if (process_config_line(&options, host ? host : "",
455 			    optarg, "command-line", 0, &dummy) != 0)
456 				exit(1);
457 			break;
458 		case 's':
459 			subsystem_flag = 1;
460 			break;
461 		case 'b':
462 			options.bind_address = optarg;
463 			break;
464 		case 'F':
465 			config = optarg;
466 			break;
467 		default:
468 			usage();
469 		}
470 	}
471 
472 	ac -= optind;
473 	av += optind;
474 
475 	if (ac > 0 && !host && **av != '-') {
476 		if (strrchr(*av, '@')) {
477 			p = xstrdup(*av);
478 			cp = strrchr(p, '@');
479 			if (cp == NULL || cp == p)
480 				usage();
481 			options.user = p;
482 			*cp = '\0';
483 			host = ++cp;
484 		} else
485 			host = *av;
486 		if (ac > 1) {
487 			optind = optreset = 1;
488 			goto again;
489 		}
490 		ac--, av++;
491 	}
492 
493 	/* Check that we got a host name. */
494 	if (!host)
495 		usage();
496 
497 	SSLeay_add_all_algorithms();
498 	ERR_load_crypto_strings();
499 
500 	/* Initialize the command to execute on remote host. */
501 	buffer_init(&command);
502 
503 	/*
504 	 * Save the command to execute on the remote host in a buffer. There
505 	 * is no limit on the length of the command, except by the maximum
506 	 * packet size.  Also sets the tty flag if there is no command.
507 	 */
508 	if (!ac) {
509 		/* No command specified - execute shell on a tty. */
510 		tty_flag = 1;
511 		if (subsystem_flag) {
512 			fprintf(stderr,
513 			    "You must specify a subsystem to invoke.\n");
514 			usage();
515 		}
516 	} else {
517 		/* A command has been specified.  Store it into the buffer. */
518 		for (i = 0; i < ac; i++) {
519 			if (i)
520 				buffer_append(&command, " ", 1);
521 			buffer_append(&command, av[i], strlen(av[i]));
522 		}
523 	}
524 
525 	/* Cannot fork to background if no command. */
526 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag && buffer_len(&command) == 0 && !no_shell_flag)
527 		fatal("Cannot fork into background without a command to execute.");
528 
529 	/* Allocate a tty by default if no command specified. */
530 	if (buffer_len(&command) == 0)
531 		tty_flag = 1;
532 
533 	/* Force no tty */
534 	if (no_tty_flag)
535 		tty_flag = 0;
536 	/* Do not allocate a tty if stdin is not a tty. */
537 	if (!isatty(fileno(stdin)) && !force_tty_flag) {
538 		if (tty_flag)
539 			logit("Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.");
540 		tty_flag = 0;
541 	}
542 
543 	/*
544 	 * Initialize "log" output.  Since we are the client all output
545 	 * actually goes to stderr.
546 	 */
547 	log_init(av[0], options.log_level == -1 ? SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : options.log_level,
548 	    SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
549 
550 	/*
551 	 * Read per-user configuration file.  Ignore the system wide config
552 	 * file if the user specifies a config file on the command line.
553 	 */
554 	if (config != NULL) {
555 		if (!read_config_file(config, host, &options))
556 			fatal("Can't open user config file %.100s: "
557 			    "%.100s", config, strerror(errno));
558 	} else  {
559 		snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.100s/%.100s", pw->pw_dir,
560 		    _PATH_SSH_USER_CONFFILE);
561 		(void)read_config_file(buf, host, &options);
562 
563 		/* Read systemwide configuration file after use config. */
564 		(void)read_config_file(_PATH_HOST_CONFIG_FILE, host, &options);
565 	}
566 
567 	/* Fill configuration defaults. */
568 	fill_default_options(&options);
569 
570 	channel_set_af(options.address_family);
571 
572 	/* reinit */
573 	log_init(av[0], options.log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
574 
575 	if (options.user == NULL)
576 		options.user = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
577 
578 	if (options.hostname != NULL)
579 		host = options.hostname;
580 
581 	/* force lowercase for hostkey matching */
582 	if (options.host_key_alias != NULL) {
583 		for (p = options.host_key_alias; *p; p++)
584 			if (isupper(*p))
585 				*p = tolower(*p);
586 	}
587 
588 	if (options.proxy_command != NULL &&
589 	    strcmp(options.proxy_command, "none") == 0)
590 		options.proxy_command = NULL;
591 
592 	/* Disable rhosts authentication if not running as root. */
593 	if (original_effective_uid != 0 || !options.use_privileged_port) {
594 		debug("Rhosts Authentication disabled, "
595 		    "originating port will not be trusted.");
596 		options.rhosts_authentication = 0;
597 	}
598 	/* Open a connection to the remote host. */
599 
600 	if (ssh_connect(host, &hostaddr, options.port,
601 	    options.address_family, options.connection_attempts,
602 	    original_effective_uid == 0 && options.use_privileged_port,
603 	    options.proxy_command) != 0)
604 		exit(1);
605 
606 	/*
607 	 * If we successfully made the connection, load the host private key
608 	 * in case we will need it later for combined rsa-rhosts
609 	 * authentication. This must be done before releasing extra
610 	 * privileges, because the file is only readable by root.
611 	 * If we cannot access the private keys, load the public keys
612 	 * instead and try to execute the ssh-keysign helper instead.
613 	 */
614 	sensitive_data.nkeys = 0;
615 	sensitive_data.keys = NULL;
616 	sensitive_data.external_keysign = 0;
617 	if (options.rhosts_rsa_authentication ||
618 	    options.hostbased_authentication) {
619 		sensitive_data.nkeys = 3;
620 		sensitive_data.keys = xmalloc(sensitive_data.nkeys *
621 		    sizeof(Key));
622 
623 		PRIV_START;
624 		sensitive_data.keys[0] = key_load_private_type(KEY_RSA1,
625 		    _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
626 		sensitive_data.keys[1] = key_load_private_type(KEY_DSA,
627 		    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
628 		sensitive_data.keys[2] = key_load_private_type(KEY_RSA,
629 		    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
630 		PRIV_END;
631 
632 		if (options.hostbased_authentication == 1 &&
633 		    sensitive_data.keys[0] == NULL &&
634 		    sensitive_data.keys[1] == NULL &&
635 		    sensitive_data.keys[2] == NULL) {
636 			sensitive_data.keys[1] = key_load_public(
637 			    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
638 			sensitive_data.keys[2] = key_load_public(
639 			    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
640 			sensitive_data.external_keysign = 1;
641 		}
642 	}
643 	/*
644 	 * Get rid of any extra privileges that we may have.  We will no
645 	 * longer need them.  Also, extra privileges could make it very hard
646 	 * to read identity files and other non-world-readable files from the
647 	 * user's home directory if it happens to be on a NFS volume where
648 	 * root is mapped to nobody.
649 	 */
650 	seteuid(original_real_uid);
651 	setuid(original_real_uid);
652 
653 	/*
654 	 * Now that we are back to our own permissions, create ~/.ssh
655 	 * directory if it doesn\'t already exist.
656 	 */
657 	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.100s%s%.100s", pw->pw_dir, strcmp(pw->pw_dir, "/") ? "/" : "", _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
658 	if (stat(buf, &st) < 0)
659 		if (mkdir(buf, 0700) < 0)
660 			error("Could not create directory '%.200s'.", buf);
661 
662 	/* load options.identity_files */
663 	load_public_identity_files();
664 
665 	/* Expand ~ in known host file names. */
666 	/* XXX mem-leaks: */
667 	options.system_hostfile =
668 	    tilde_expand_filename(options.system_hostfile, original_real_uid);
669 	options.user_hostfile =
670 	    tilde_expand_filename(options.user_hostfile, original_real_uid);
671 	options.system_hostfile2 =
672 	    tilde_expand_filename(options.system_hostfile2, original_real_uid);
673 	options.user_hostfile2 =
674 	    tilde_expand_filename(options.user_hostfile2, original_real_uid);
675 
676 	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); /* ignore SIGPIPE early */
677 
678 	/* Log into the remote system.  This never returns if the login fails. */
679 	ssh_login(&sensitive_data, host, (struct sockaddr *)&hostaddr, pw);
680 
681 	/* We no longer need the private host keys.  Clear them now. */
682 	if (sensitive_data.nkeys != 0) {
683 		for (i = 0; i < sensitive_data.nkeys; i++) {
684 			if (sensitive_data.keys[i] != NULL) {
685 				/* Destroys contents safely */
686 				debug3("clear hostkey %d", i);
687 				key_free(sensitive_data.keys[i]);
688 				sensitive_data.keys[i] = NULL;
689 			}
690 		}
691 		xfree(sensitive_data.keys);
692 	}
693 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
694 		if (options.identity_files[i]) {
695 			xfree(options.identity_files[i]);
696 			options.identity_files[i] = NULL;
697 		}
698 		if (options.identity_keys[i]) {
699 			key_free(options.identity_keys[i]);
700 			options.identity_keys[i] = NULL;
701 		}
702 	}
703 
704 	exit_status = compat20 ? ssh_session2() : ssh_session();
705 	packet_close();
706 
707 	/*
708 	 * Send SIGHUP to proxy command if used. We don't wait() in
709 	 * case it hangs and instead rely on init to reap the child
710 	 */
711 	if (proxy_command_pid > 1)
712 		kill(proxy_command_pid, SIGHUP);
713 
714 	return exit_status;
715 }
716 
717 static void
718 x11_get_proto(char **_proto, char **_data)
719 {
720 	char line[512];
721 	static char proto[512], data[512];
722 	FILE *f;
723 	int got_data = 0, i;
724 	char *display;
725 	struct stat st;
726 
727 	*_proto = proto;
728 	*_data = data;
729 	proto[0] = data[0] = '\0';
730 	if (!options.xauth_location ||
731 	    (stat(options.xauth_location, &st) == -1)) {
732 		debug("No xauth program.");
733 	} else {
734 		if ((display = getenv("DISPLAY")) == NULL) {
735 			debug("x11_get_proto: DISPLAY not set");
736 			return;
737 		}
738 		/* Try to get Xauthority information for the display. */
739 		if (strncmp(display, "localhost:", 10) == 0)
740 			/*
741 			 * Handle FamilyLocal case where $DISPLAY does
742 			 * not match an authorization entry.  For this we
743 			 * just try "xauth list unix:displaynum.screennum".
744 			 * XXX: "localhost" match to determine FamilyLocal
745 			 *      is not perfect.
746 			 */
747 			snprintf(line, sizeof line, "%s list unix:%s 2>"
748 			    _PATH_DEVNULL, options.xauth_location, display+10);
749 		else
750 			snprintf(line, sizeof line, "%s list %.200s 2>"
751 			    _PATH_DEVNULL, options.xauth_location, display);
752 		debug2("x11_get_proto: %s", line);
753 		f = popen(line, "r");
754 		if (f && fgets(line, sizeof(line), f) &&
755 		    sscanf(line, "%*s %511s %511s", proto, data) == 2)
756 			got_data = 1;
757 		if (f)
758 			pclose(f);
759 	}
760 	/*
761 	 * If we didn't get authentication data, just make up some
762 	 * data.  The forwarding code will check the validity of the
763 	 * response anyway, and substitute this data.  The X11
764 	 * server, however, will ignore this fake data and use
765 	 * whatever authentication mechanisms it was using otherwise
766 	 * for the local connection.
767 	 */
768 	if (!got_data) {
769 		u_int32_t rand = 0;
770 
771 		logit("Warning: No xauth data; using fake authentication data for X11 forwarding.");
772 		strlcpy(proto, "MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1", sizeof proto);
773 		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
774 			if (i % 4 == 0)
775 				rand = arc4random();
776 			snprintf(data + 2 * i, sizeof data - 2 * i, "%02x", rand & 0xff);
777 			rand >>= 8;
778 		}
779 	}
780 }
781 
782 static void
783 ssh_init_forwarding(void)
784 {
785 	int success = 0;
786 	int i;
787 
788 	/* Initiate local TCP/IP port forwardings. */
789 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_local_forwards; i++) {
790 		debug("Connections to local port %d forwarded to remote address %.200s:%d",
791 		    options.local_forwards[i].port,
792 		    options.local_forwards[i].host,
793 		    options.local_forwards[i].host_port);
794 		success += channel_setup_local_fwd_listener(
795 		    options.local_forwards[i].port,
796 		    options.local_forwards[i].host,
797 		    options.local_forwards[i].host_port,
798 		    options.gateway_ports);
799 	}
800 	if (i > 0 && success == 0)
801 		error("Could not request local forwarding.");
802 
803 	/* Initiate remote TCP/IP port forwardings. */
804 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_remote_forwards; i++) {
805 		debug("Connections to remote port %d forwarded to local address %.200s:%d",
806 		    options.remote_forwards[i].port,
807 		    options.remote_forwards[i].host,
808 		    options.remote_forwards[i].host_port);
809 		channel_request_remote_forwarding(
810 		    options.remote_forwards[i].port,
811 		    options.remote_forwards[i].host,
812 		    options.remote_forwards[i].host_port);
813 	}
814 }
815 
816 static void
817 check_agent_present(void)
818 {
819 	if (options.forward_agent) {
820 		/* Clear agent forwarding if we don\'t have an agent. */
821 		if (!ssh_agent_present())
822 			options.forward_agent = 0;
823 	}
824 }
825 
826 static int
827 ssh_session(void)
828 {
829 	int type;
830 	int interactive = 0;
831 	int have_tty = 0;
832 	struct winsize ws;
833 	char *cp;
834 
835 	/* Enable compression if requested. */
836 	if (options.compression) {
837 		debug("Requesting compression at level %d.", options.compression_level);
838 
839 		if (options.compression_level < 1 || options.compression_level > 9)
840 			fatal("Compression level must be from 1 (fast) to 9 (slow, best).");
841 
842 		/* Send the request. */
843 		packet_start(SSH_CMSG_REQUEST_COMPRESSION);
844 		packet_put_int(options.compression_level);
845 		packet_send();
846 		packet_write_wait();
847 		type = packet_read();
848 		if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS)
849 			packet_start_compression(options.compression_level);
850 		else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE)
851 			logit("Warning: Remote host refused compression.");
852 		else
853 			packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for compression response.");
854 	}
855 	/* Allocate a pseudo tty if appropriate. */
856 	if (tty_flag) {
857 		debug("Requesting pty.");
858 
859 		/* Start the packet. */
860 		packet_start(SSH_CMSG_REQUEST_PTY);
861 
862 		/* Store TERM in the packet.  There is no limit on the
863 		   length of the string. */
864 		cp = getenv("TERM");
865 		if (!cp)
866 			cp = "";
867 		packet_put_cstring(cp);
868 
869 		/* Store window size in the packet. */
870 		if (ioctl(fileno(stdin), TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
871 			memset(&ws, 0, sizeof(ws));
872 		packet_put_int(ws.ws_row);
873 		packet_put_int(ws.ws_col);
874 		packet_put_int(ws.ws_xpixel);
875 		packet_put_int(ws.ws_ypixel);
876 
877 		/* Store tty modes in the packet. */
878 		tty_make_modes(fileno(stdin), NULL);
879 
880 		/* Send the packet, and wait for it to leave. */
881 		packet_send();
882 		packet_write_wait();
883 
884 		/* Read response from the server. */
885 		type = packet_read();
886 		if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
887 			interactive = 1;
888 			have_tty = 1;
889 		} else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE)
890 			logit("Warning: Remote host failed or refused to allocate a pseudo tty.");
891 		else
892 			packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for pty request response.");
893 	}
894 	/* Request X11 forwarding if enabled and DISPLAY is set. */
895 	if (options.forward_x11 && getenv("DISPLAY") != NULL) {
896 		char *proto, *data;
897 		/* Get reasonable local authentication information. */
898 		x11_get_proto(&proto, &data);
899 		/* Request forwarding with authentication spoofing. */
900 		debug("Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication spoofing.");
901 		x11_request_forwarding_with_spoofing(0, proto, data);
902 
903 		/* Read response from the server. */
904 		type = packet_read();
905 		if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
906 			interactive = 1;
907 		} else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE) {
908 			logit("Warning: Remote host denied X11 forwarding.");
909 		} else {
910 			packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for X11 forwarding");
911 		}
912 	}
913 	/* Tell the packet module whether this is an interactive session. */
914 	packet_set_interactive(interactive);
915 
916 	/* Request authentication agent forwarding if appropriate. */
917 	check_agent_present();
918 
919 	if (options.forward_agent) {
920 		debug("Requesting authentication agent forwarding.");
921 		auth_request_forwarding();
922 
923 		/* Read response from the server. */
924 		type = packet_read();
925 		packet_check_eom();
926 		if (type != SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS)
927 			logit("Warning: Remote host denied authentication agent forwarding.");
928 	}
929 
930 	/* Initiate port forwardings. */
931 	ssh_init_forwarding();
932 
933 	/* If requested, let ssh continue in the background. */
934 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag)
935 		if (daemon(1, 1) < 0)
936 			fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
937 
938 	/*
939 	 * If a command was specified on the command line, execute the
940 	 * command now. Otherwise request the server to start a shell.
941 	 */
942 	if (buffer_len(&command) > 0) {
943 		int len = buffer_len(&command);
944 		if (len > 900)
945 			len = 900;
946 		debug("Sending command: %.*s", len, (u_char *)buffer_ptr(&command));
947 		packet_start(SSH_CMSG_EXEC_CMD);
948 		packet_put_string(buffer_ptr(&command), buffer_len(&command));
949 		packet_send();
950 		packet_write_wait();
951 	} else {
952 		debug("Requesting shell.");
953 		packet_start(SSH_CMSG_EXEC_SHELL);
954 		packet_send();
955 		packet_write_wait();
956 	}
957 
958 	/* Enter the interactive session. */
959 	return client_loop(have_tty, tty_flag ?
960 	    options.escape_char : SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE, 0);
961 }
962 
963 static void
964 client_subsystem_reply(int type, u_int32_t seq, void *ctxt)
965 {
966 	int id, len;
967 
968 	id = packet_get_int();
969 	len = buffer_len(&command);
970 	if (len > 900)
971 		len = 900;
972 	packet_check_eom();
973 	if (type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE)
974 		fatal("Request for subsystem '%.*s' failed on channel %d",
975 		    len, (u_char *)buffer_ptr(&command), id);
976 }
977 
978 void
979 client_global_request_reply(int type, u_int32_t seq, void *ctxt)
980 {
981 	int i;
982 
983 	i = client_global_request_id++;
984 	if (i >= options.num_remote_forwards) {
985 		debug("client_global_request_reply: too many replies %d > %d",
986 		    i, options.num_remote_forwards);
987 		return;
988 	}
989 	debug("remote forward %s for: listen %d, connect %s:%d",
990 	    type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS ? "success" : "failure",
991 	    options.remote_forwards[i].port,
992 	    options.remote_forwards[i].host,
993 	    options.remote_forwards[i].host_port);
994 	if (type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE)
995 		logit("Warning: remote port forwarding failed for listen port %d",
996 		    options.remote_forwards[i].port);
997 }
998 
999 /* request pty/x11/agent/tcpfwd/shell for channel */
1000 static void
1001 ssh_session2_setup(int id, void *arg)
1002 {
1003 	int len;
1004 	int interactive = 0;
1005 	struct termios tio;
1006 
1007 	debug2("ssh_session2_setup: id %d", id);
1008 
1009 	if (tty_flag) {
1010 		struct winsize ws;
1011 		char *cp;
1012 		cp = getenv("TERM");
1013 		if (!cp)
1014 			cp = "";
1015 		/* Store window size in the packet. */
1016 		if (ioctl(fileno(stdin), TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
1017 			memset(&ws, 0, sizeof(ws));
1018 
1019 		channel_request_start(id, "pty-req", 0);
1020 		packet_put_cstring(cp);
1021 		packet_put_int(ws.ws_col);
1022 		packet_put_int(ws.ws_row);
1023 		packet_put_int(ws.ws_xpixel);
1024 		packet_put_int(ws.ws_ypixel);
1025 		tio = get_saved_tio();
1026 		tty_make_modes(/*ignored*/ 0, &tio);
1027 		packet_send();
1028 		interactive = 1;
1029 		/* XXX wait for reply */
1030 	}
1031 	if (options.forward_x11 &&
1032 	    getenv("DISPLAY") != NULL) {
1033 		char *proto, *data;
1034 		/* Get reasonable local authentication information. */
1035 		x11_get_proto(&proto, &data);
1036 		/* Request forwarding with authentication spoofing. */
1037 		debug("Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication spoofing.");
1038 		x11_request_forwarding_with_spoofing(id, proto, data);
1039 		interactive = 1;
1040 		/* XXX wait for reply */
1041 	}
1042 
1043 	check_agent_present();
1044 	if (options.forward_agent) {
1045 		debug("Requesting authentication agent forwarding.");
1046 		channel_request_start(id, "auth-agent-req@openssh.com", 0);
1047 		packet_send();
1048 	}
1049 
1050 	len = buffer_len(&command);
1051 	if (len > 0) {
1052 		if (len > 900)
1053 			len = 900;
1054 		if (subsystem_flag) {
1055 			debug("Sending subsystem: %.*s", len, (u_char *)buffer_ptr(&command));
1056 			channel_request_start(id, "subsystem", /*want reply*/ 1);
1057 			/* register callback for reply */
1058 			/* XXX we assume that client_loop has already been called */
1059 			dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE, &client_subsystem_reply);
1060 			dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS, &client_subsystem_reply);
1061 		} else {
1062 			debug("Sending command: %.*s", len, (u_char *)buffer_ptr(&command));
1063 			channel_request_start(id, "exec", 0);
1064 		}
1065 		packet_put_string(buffer_ptr(&command), buffer_len(&command));
1066 		packet_send();
1067 	} else {
1068 		channel_request_start(id, "shell", 0);
1069 		packet_send();
1070 	}
1071 
1072 	packet_set_interactive(interactive);
1073 }
1074 
1075 /* open new channel for a session */
1076 static int
1077 ssh_session2_open(void)
1078 {
1079 	Channel *c;
1080 	int window, packetmax, in, out, err;
1081 
1082 	if (stdin_null_flag) {
1083 		in = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY);
1084 	} else {
1085 		in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1086 	}
1087 	out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO);
1088 	err = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
1089 
1090 	if (in < 0 || out < 0 || err < 0)
1091 		fatal("dup() in/out/err failed");
1092 
1093 	/* enable nonblocking unless tty */
1094 	if (!isatty(in))
1095 		set_nonblock(in);
1096 	if (!isatty(out))
1097 		set_nonblock(out);
1098 	if (!isatty(err))
1099 		set_nonblock(err);
1100 
1101 	window = CHAN_SES_WINDOW_DEFAULT;
1102 	packetmax = CHAN_SES_PACKET_DEFAULT;
1103 	if (tty_flag) {
1104 		window >>= 1;
1105 		packetmax >>= 1;
1106 	}
1107 	c = channel_new(
1108 	    "session", SSH_CHANNEL_OPENING, in, out, err,
1109 	    window, packetmax, CHAN_EXTENDED_WRITE,
1110 	    "client-session", /*nonblock*/0);
1111 
1112 	debug3("ssh_session2_open: channel_new: %d", c->self);
1113 
1114 	channel_send_open(c->self);
1115 	if (!no_shell_flag)
1116 		channel_register_confirm(c->self, ssh_session2_setup);
1117 
1118 	return c->self;
1119 }
1120 
1121 static int
1122 ssh_session2(void)
1123 {
1124 	int id = -1;
1125 
1126 	/* XXX should be pre-session */
1127 	ssh_init_forwarding();
1128 
1129 	if (!no_shell_flag || (datafellows & SSH_BUG_DUMMYCHAN))
1130 		id = ssh_session2_open();
1131 
1132 	/* If requested, let ssh continue in the background. */
1133 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag)
1134 		if (daemon(1, 1) < 0)
1135 			fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1136 
1137 	return client_loop(tty_flag, tty_flag ?
1138 	    options.escape_char : SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE, id);
1139 }
1140 
1141 static void
1142 load_public_identity_files(void)
1143 {
1144 	char *filename;
1145 	int i = 0;
1146 	Key *public;
1147 #ifdef SMARTCARD
1148 	Key **keys;
1149 
1150 	if (options.smartcard_device != NULL &&
1151 	    options.num_identity_files < SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES &&
1152 	    (keys = sc_get_keys(options.smartcard_device, NULL)) != NULL ) {
1153 		int count = 0;
1154 		for (i = 0; keys[i] != NULL; i++) {
1155 			count++;
1156 			memmove(&options.identity_files[1], &options.identity_files[0],
1157 			    sizeof(char *) * (SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES - 1));
1158 			memmove(&options.identity_keys[1], &options.identity_keys[0],
1159 			    sizeof(Key *) * (SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES - 1));
1160 			options.num_identity_files++;
1161 			options.identity_keys[0] = keys[i];
1162 			options.identity_files[0] = sc_get_key_label(keys[i]);
1163 		}
1164 		if (options.num_identity_files > SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES)
1165 			options.num_identity_files = SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES;
1166 		i = count;
1167 		xfree(keys);
1168 	}
1169 #endif /* SMARTCARD */
1170 	for (; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1171 		filename = tilde_expand_filename(options.identity_files[i],
1172 		    original_real_uid);
1173 		public = key_load_public(filename, NULL);
1174 		debug("identity file %s type %d", filename,
1175 		    public ? public->type : -1);
1176 		xfree(options.identity_files[i]);
1177 		options.identity_files[i] = filename;
1178 		options.identity_keys[i] = public;
1179 	}
1180 }
1181