xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/ssh.c (revision c7e8ea31cd41a963f06f0a8ba93948b06aa6b4a4)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh.c,v 1.462 2017/08/12 06:46:01 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Ssh client program.  This program can be used to log into a remote machine.
7  * The software supports strong authentication, encryption, and forwarding
8  * of X11, TCP/IP, and authentication connections.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  *
16  * Copyright (c) 1999 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
17  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
18  *
19  * Modified to work with SSL by Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
20  * in Canada (German citizen).
21  *
22  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
23  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
24  * are met:
25  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
26  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
27  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
29  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
30  *
31  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
32  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
33  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
34  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
35  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
36  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
37  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
38  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
39  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
40  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
41  */
42 
43 #include <sys/types.h>
44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
45 #include <sys/queue.h>
46 #include <sys/resource.h>
47 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/stat.h>
49 #include <sys/time.h>
50 #include <sys/wait.h>
51 
52 #include <ctype.h>
53 #include <errno.h>
54 #include <fcntl.h>
55 #include <netdb.h>
56 #include <paths.h>
57 #include <pwd.h>
58 #include <signal.h>
59 #include <stddef.h>
60 #include <stdio.h>
61 #include <stdlib.h>
62 #include <string.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 #include <limits.h>
65 #include <locale.h>
66 
67 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
68 #include <openssl/evp.h>
69 #include <openssl/err.h>
70 #endif
71 
72 #include "xmalloc.h"
73 #include "ssh.h"
74 #include "ssh2.h"
75 #include "canohost.h"
76 #include "compat.h"
77 #include "cipher.h"
78 #include "digest.h"
79 #include "packet.h"
80 #include "buffer.h"
81 #include "channels.h"
82 #include "key.h"
83 #include "authfd.h"
84 #include "authfile.h"
85 #include "pathnames.h"
86 #include "dispatch.h"
87 #include "clientloop.h"
88 #include "log.h"
89 #include "misc.h"
90 #include "readconf.h"
91 #include "sshconnect.h"
92 #include "kex.h"
93 #include "mac.h"
94 #include "sshpty.h"
95 #include "match.h"
96 #include "msg.h"
97 #include "uidswap.h"
98 #include "version.h"
99 #include "ssherr.h"
100 #include "myproposal.h"
101 
102 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
103 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
104 #endif
105 
106 extern char *__progname;
107 
108 /* Flag indicating whether debug mode is on.  May be set on the command line. */
109 int debug_flag = 0;
110 
111 /* Flag indicating whether a tty should be requested */
112 int tty_flag = 0;
113 
114 /* don't exec a shell */
115 int no_shell_flag = 0;
116 
117 /*
118  * Flag indicating that nothing should be read from stdin.  This can be set
119  * on the command line.
120  */
121 int stdin_null_flag = 0;
122 
123 /*
124  * Flag indicating that the current process should be backgrounded and
125  * a new slave launched in the foreground for ControlPersist.
126  */
127 int need_controlpersist_detach = 0;
128 
129 /* Copies of flags for ControlPersist foreground slave */
130 int ostdin_null_flag, ono_shell_flag, otty_flag, orequest_tty;
131 
132 /*
133  * Flag indicating that ssh should fork after authentication.  This is useful
134  * so that the passphrase can be entered manually, and then ssh goes to the
135  * background.
136  */
137 int fork_after_authentication_flag = 0;
138 
139 /*
140  * General data structure for command line options and options configurable
141  * in configuration files.  See readconf.h.
142  */
143 Options options;
144 
145 /* optional user configfile */
146 char *config = NULL;
147 
148 /*
149  * Name of the host we are connecting to.  This is the name given on the
150  * command line, or the HostName specified for the user-supplied name in a
151  * configuration file.
152  */
153 char *host;
154 
155 /* socket address the host resolves to */
156 struct sockaddr_storage hostaddr;
157 
158 /* Private host keys. */
159 Sensitive sensitive_data;
160 
161 /* Original real UID. */
162 uid_t original_real_uid;
163 uid_t original_effective_uid;
164 
165 /* command to be executed */
166 Buffer command;
167 
168 /* Should we execute a command or invoke a subsystem? */
169 int subsystem_flag = 0;
170 
171 /* # of replies received for global requests */
172 static int remote_forward_confirms_received = 0;
173 
174 /* mux.c */
175 extern int muxserver_sock;
176 extern u_int muxclient_command;
177 
178 /* Prints a help message to the user.  This function never returns. */
179 
180 static void
181 usage(void)
182 {
183 	fprintf(stderr,
184 "usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec]\n"
185 "           [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file] [-e escape_char]\n"
186 "           [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]\n"
187 "           [-J [user@]host[:port]] [-L address] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]\n"
188 "           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port] [-Q query_option] [-R address]\n"
189 "           [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port] [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]]\n"
190 "           [user@]hostname [command]\n"
191 	);
192 	exit(255);
193 }
194 
195 static int ssh_session2(void);
196 static void load_public_identity_files(void);
197 static void main_sigchld_handler(int);
198 
199 /* ~/ expand a list of paths. NB. assumes path[n] is heap-allocated. */
200 static void
201 tilde_expand_paths(char **paths, u_int num_paths)
202 {
203 	u_int i;
204 	char *cp;
205 
206 	for (i = 0; i < num_paths; i++) {
207 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(paths[i], original_real_uid);
208 		free(paths[i]);
209 		paths[i] = cp;
210 	}
211 }
212 
213 /*
214  * Attempt to resolve a host name / port to a set of addresses and
215  * optionally return any CNAMEs encountered along the way.
216  * Returns NULL on failure.
217  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
218  */
219 static struct addrinfo *
220 resolve_host(const char *name, int port, int logerr, char *cname, size_t clen)
221 {
222 	char strport[NI_MAXSERV];
223 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
224 	int gaierr, loglevel = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
225 
226 	if (port <= 0)
227 		port = default_ssh_port();
228 
229 	snprintf(strport, sizeof strport, "%d", port);
230 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
231 	hints.ai_family = options.address_family == -1 ?
232 	    AF_UNSPEC : options.address_family;
233 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
234 	if (cname != NULL)
235 		hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
236 	if ((gaierr = getaddrinfo(name, strport, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
237 		if (logerr || (gaierr != EAI_NONAME && gaierr != EAI_NODATA))
238 			loglevel = SYSLOG_LEVEL_ERROR;
239 		do_log2(loglevel, "%s: Could not resolve hostname %.100s: %s",
240 		    __progname, name, ssh_gai_strerror(gaierr));
241 		return NULL;
242 	}
243 	if (cname != NULL && res->ai_canonname != NULL) {
244 		if (strlcpy(cname, res->ai_canonname, clen) >= clen) {
245 			error("%s: host \"%s\" cname \"%s\" too long (max %lu)",
246 			    __func__, name,  res->ai_canonname, (u_long)clen);
247 			if (clen > 0)
248 				*cname = '\0';
249 		}
250 	}
251 	return res;
252 }
253 
254 /*
255  * Attempt to resolve a numeric host address / port to a single address.
256  * Returns a canonical address string.
257  * Returns NULL on failure.
258  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
259  */
260 static struct addrinfo *
261 resolve_addr(const char *name, int port, char *caddr, size_t clen)
262 {
263 	char addr[NI_MAXHOST], strport[NI_MAXSERV];
264 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
265 	int gaierr;
266 
267 	if (port <= 0)
268 		port = default_ssh_port();
269 	snprintf(strport, sizeof strport, "%u", port);
270 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
271 	hints.ai_family = options.address_family == -1 ?
272 	    AF_UNSPEC : options.address_family;
273 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
274 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST|AI_NUMERICSERV;
275 	if ((gaierr = getaddrinfo(name, strport, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
276 		debug2("%s: could not resolve name %.100s as address: %s",
277 		    __func__, name, ssh_gai_strerror(gaierr));
278 		return NULL;
279 	}
280 	if (res == NULL) {
281 		debug("%s: getaddrinfo %.100s returned no addresses",
282 		 __func__, name);
283 		return NULL;
284 	}
285 	if (res->ai_next != NULL) {
286 		debug("%s: getaddrinfo %.100s returned multiple addresses",
287 		    __func__, name);
288 		goto fail;
289 	}
290 	if ((gaierr = getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
291 	    addr, sizeof(addr), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST)) != 0) {
292 		debug("%s: Could not format address for name %.100s: %s",
293 		    __func__, name, ssh_gai_strerror(gaierr));
294 		goto fail;
295 	}
296 	if (strlcpy(caddr, addr, clen) >= clen) {
297 		error("%s: host \"%s\" addr \"%s\" too long (max %lu)",
298 		    __func__, name,  addr, (u_long)clen);
299 		if (clen > 0)
300 			*caddr = '\0';
301  fail:
302 		freeaddrinfo(res);
303 		return NULL;
304 	}
305 	return res;
306 }
307 
308 /*
309  * Check whether the cname is a permitted replacement for the hostname
310  * and perform the replacement if it is.
311  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
312  */
313 static int
314 check_follow_cname(int direct, char **namep, const char *cname)
315 {
316 	int i;
317 	struct allowed_cname *rule;
318 
319 	if (*cname == '\0' || options.num_permitted_cnames == 0 ||
320 	    strcmp(*namep, cname) == 0)
321 		return 0;
322 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_NO)
323 		return 0;
324 	/*
325 	 * Don't attempt to canonicalize names that will be interpreted by
326 	 * a proxy or jump host unless the user specifically requests so.
327 	 */
328 	if (!direct &&
329 	    options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)
330 		return 0;
331 	debug3("%s: check \"%s\" CNAME \"%s\"", __func__, *namep, cname);
332 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_permitted_cnames; i++) {
333 		rule = options.permitted_cnames + i;
334 		if (match_pattern_list(*namep, rule->source_list, 1) != 1 ||
335 		    match_pattern_list(cname, rule->target_list, 1) != 1)
336 			continue;
337 		verbose("Canonicalized DNS aliased hostname "
338 		    "\"%s\" => \"%s\"", *namep, cname);
339 		free(*namep);
340 		*namep = xstrdup(cname);
341 		return 1;
342 	}
343 	return 0;
344 }
345 
346 /*
347  * Attempt to resolve the supplied hostname after applying the user's
348  * canonicalization rules. Returns the address list for the host or NULL
349  * if no name was found after canonicalization.
350  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
351  */
352 static struct addrinfo *
353 resolve_canonicalize(char **hostp, int port)
354 {
355 	int i, direct, ndots;
356 	char *cp, *fullhost, newname[NI_MAXHOST];
357 	struct addrinfo *addrs;
358 
359 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_NO)
360 		return NULL;
361 
362 	/*
363 	 * Don't attempt to canonicalize names that will be interpreted by
364 	 * a proxy unless the user specifically requests so.
365 	 */
366 	direct = option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command) &&
367 	    options.jump_host == NULL;
368 	if (!direct &&
369 	    options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)
370 		return NULL;
371 
372 	/* Try numeric hostnames first */
373 	if ((addrs = resolve_addr(*hostp, port,
374 	    newname, sizeof(newname))) != NULL) {
375 		debug2("%s: hostname %.100s is address", __func__, *hostp);
376 		if (strcasecmp(*hostp, newname) != 0) {
377 			debug2("%s: canonicalised address \"%s\" => \"%s\"",
378 			    __func__, *hostp, newname);
379 			free(*hostp);
380 			*hostp = xstrdup(newname);
381 		}
382 		return addrs;
383 	}
384 
385 	/* If domain name is anchored, then resolve it now */
386 	if ((*hostp)[strlen(*hostp) - 1] == '.') {
387 		debug3("%s: name is fully qualified", __func__);
388 		fullhost = xstrdup(*hostp);
389 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(fullhost, port, 0,
390 		    newname, sizeof(newname))) != NULL)
391 			goto found;
392 		free(fullhost);
393 		goto notfound;
394 	}
395 
396 	/* Don't apply canonicalization to sufficiently-qualified hostnames */
397 	ndots = 0;
398 	for (cp = *hostp; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
399 		if (*cp == '.')
400 			ndots++;
401 	}
402 	if (ndots > options.canonicalize_max_dots) {
403 		debug3("%s: not canonicalizing hostname \"%s\" (max dots %d)",
404 		    __func__, *hostp, options.canonicalize_max_dots);
405 		return NULL;
406 	}
407 	/* Attempt each supplied suffix */
408 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_canonical_domains; i++) {
409 		*newname = '\0';
410 		xasprintf(&fullhost, "%s.%s.", *hostp,
411 		    options.canonical_domains[i]);
412 		debug3("%s: attempting \"%s\" => \"%s\"", __func__,
413 		    *hostp, fullhost);
414 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(fullhost, port, 0,
415 		    newname, sizeof(newname))) == NULL) {
416 			free(fullhost);
417 			continue;
418 		}
419  found:
420 		/* Remove trailing '.' */
421 		fullhost[strlen(fullhost) - 1] = '\0';
422 		/* Follow CNAME if requested */
423 		if (!check_follow_cname(direct, &fullhost, newname)) {
424 			debug("Canonicalized hostname \"%s\" => \"%s\"",
425 			    *hostp, fullhost);
426 		}
427 		free(*hostp);
428 		*hostp = fullhost;
429 		return addrs;
430 	}
431  notfound:
432 	if (!options.canonicalize_fallback_local)
433 		fatal("%s: Could not resolve host \"%s\"", __progname, *hostp);
434 	debug2("%s: host %s not found in any suffix", __func__, *hostp);
435 	return NULL;
436 }
437 
438 /*
439  * Read per-user configuration file.  Ignore the system wide config
440  * file if the user specifies a config file on the command line.
441  */
442 static void
443 process_config_files(const char *host_arg, struct passwd *pw, int post_canon)
444 {
445 	char buf[PATH_MAX];
446 	int r;
447 
448 	if (config != NULL) {
449 		if (strcasecmp(config, "none") != 0 &&
450 		    !read_config_file(config, pw, host, host_arg, &options,
451 		    SSHCONF_USERCONF | (post_canon ? SSHCONF_POSTCANON : 0)))
452 			fatal("Can't open user config file %.100s: "
453 			    "%.100s", config, strerror(errno));
454 	} else {
455 		r = snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir,
456 		    _PATH_SSH_USER_CONFFILE);
457 		if (r > 0 && (size_t)r < sizeof(buf))
458 			(void)read_config_file(buf, pw, host, host_arg,
459 			    &options, SSHCONF_CHECKPERM | SSHCONF_USERCONF |
460 			    (post_canon ? SSHCONF_POSTCANON : 0));
461 
462 		/* Read systemwide configuration file after user config. */
463 		(void)read_config_file(_PATH_HOST_CONFIG_FILE, pw,
464 		    host, host_arg, &options,
465 		    post_canon ? SSHCONF_POSTCANON : 0);
466 	}
467 }
468 
469 /* Rewrite the port number in an addrinfo list of addresses */
470 static void
471 set_addrinfo_port(struct addrinfo *addrs, int port)
472 {
473 	struct addrinfo *addr;
474 
475 	for (addr = addrs; addr != NULL; addr = addr->ai_next) {
476 		switch (addr->ai_family) {
477 		case AF_INET:
478 			((struct sockaddr_in *)addr->ai_addr)->
479 			    sin_port = htons(port);
480 			break;
481 		case AF_INET6:
482 			((struct sockaddr_in6 *)addr->ai_addr)->
483 			    sin6_port = htons(port);
484 			break;
485 		}
486 	}
487 }
488 
489 /*
490  * Main program for the ssh client.
491  */
492 int
493 main(int ac, char **av)
494 {
495 	struct ssh *ssh = NULL;
496 	int i, r, opt, exit_status, use_syslog, direct, timeout_ms;
497 	int config_test = 0, opt_terminated = 0;
498 	char *p, *cp, *line, *argv0, buf[PATH_MAX], *host_arg, *logfile;
499 	char thishost[NI_MAXHOST], shorthost[NI_MAXHOST], portstr[NI_MAXSERV];
500 	char cname[NI_MAXHOST], uidstr[32], *conn_hash_hex;
501 	struct stat st;
502 	struct passwd *pw;
503 	extern int optind, optreset;
504 	extern char *optarg;
505 	struct Forward fwd;
506 	struct addrinfo *addrs = NULL;
507 	struct ssh_digest_ctx *md;
508 	u_char conn_hash[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
509 
510 	ssh_malloc_init();	/* must be called before any mallocs */
511 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
512 	sanitise_stdfd();
513 
514 	/*
515 	 * Discard other fds that are hanging around. These can cause problem
516 	 * with backgrounded ssh processes started by ControlPersist.
517 	 */
518 	closefrom(STDERR_FILENO + 1);
519 
520 	/*
521 	 * Save the original real uid.  It will be needed later (uid-swapping
522 	 * may clobber the real uid).
523 	 */
524 	original_real_uid = getuid();
525 	original_effective_uid = geteuid();
526 
527 	/*
528 	 * Use uid-swapping to give up root privileges for the duration of
529 	 * option processing.  We will re-instantiate the rights when we are
530 	 * ready to create the privileged port, and will permanently drop
531 	 * them when the port has been created (actually, when the connection
532 	 * has been made, as we may need to create the port several times).
533 	 */
534 	PRIV_END;
535 
536 	/* If we are installed setuid root be careful to not drop core. */
537 	if (original_real_uid != original_effective_uid) {
538 		struct rlimit rlim;
539 		rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 0;
540 		if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim) < 0)
541 			fatal("setrlimit failed: %.100s", strerror(errno));
542 	}
543 	/* Get user data. */
544 	pw = getpwuid(original_real_uid);
545 	if (!pw) {
546 		logit("No user exists for uid %lu", (u_long)original_real_uid);
547 		exit(255);
548 	}
549 	/* Take a copy of the returned structure. */
550 	pw = pwcopy(pw);
551 
552 	/*
553 	 * Set our umask to something reasonable, as some files are created
554 	 * with the default umask.  This will make them world-readable but
555 	 * writable only by the owner, which is ok for all files for which we
556 	 * don't set the modes explicitly.
557 	 */
558 	umask(022);
559 
560 	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
561 
562 	/*
563 	 * Initialize option structure to indicate that no values have been
564 	 * set.
565 	 */
566 	initialize_options(&options);
567 
568 	/* Parse command-line arguments. */
569 	host = NULL;
570 	use_syslog = 0;
571 	logfile = NULL;
572 	argv0 = av[0];
573 
574  again:
575 	while ((opt = getopt(ac, av, "1246ab:c:e:fgi:kl:m:no:p:qstvx"
576 	    "ACD:E:F:GI:J:KL:MNO:PQ:R:S:TVw:W:XYy")) != -1) {
577 		switch (opt) {
578 		case '1':
579 			fatal("SSH protocol v.1 is no longer supported");
580 			break;
581 		case '2':
582 			/* Ignored */
583 			break;
584 		case '4':
585 			options.address_family = AF_INET;
586 			break;
587 		case '6':
588 			options.address_family = AF_INET6;
589 			break;
590 		case 'n':
591 			stdin_null_flag = 1;
592 			break;
593 		case 'f':
594 			fork_after_authentication_flag = 1;
595 			stdin_null_flag = 1;
596 			break;
597 		case 'x':
598 			options.forward_x11 = 0;
599 			break;
600 		case 'X':
601 			options.forward_x11 = 1;
602 			break;
603 		case 'y':
604 			use_syslog = 1;
605 			break;
606 		case 'E':
607 			logfile = optarg;
608 			break;
609 		case 'G':
610 			config_test = 1;
611 			break;
612 		case 'Y':
613 			options.forward_x11 = 1;
614 			options.forward_x11_trusted = 1;
615 			break;
616 		case 'g':
617 			options.fwd_opts.gateway_ports = 1;
618 			break;
619 		case 'O':
620 			if (options.stdio_forward_host != NULL)
621 				fatal("Cannot specify multiplexing "
622 				    "command with -W");
623 			else if (muxclient_command != 0)
624 				fatal("Multiplexing command already specified");
625 			if (strcmp(optarg, "check") == 0)
626 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_ALIVE_CHECK;
627 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "forward") == 0)
628 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_FORWARD;
629 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "exit") == 0)
630 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_TERMINATE;
631 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "stop") == 0)
632 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_STOP;
633 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "cancel") == 0)
634 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_CANCEL_FWD;
635 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "proxy") == 0)
636 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_PROXY;
637 			else
638 				fatal("Invalid multiplex command.");
639 			break;
640 		case 'P':	/* deprecated */
641 			options.use_privileged_port = 0;
642 			break;
643 		case 'Q':
644 			cp = NULL;
645 			if (strcmp(optarg, "cipher") == 0)
646 				cp = cipher_alg_list('\n', 0);
647 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "cipher-auth") == 0)
648 				cp = cipher_alg_list('\n', 1);
649 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "mac") == 0)
650 				cp = mac_alg_list('\n');
651 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "kex") == 0)
652 				cp = kex_alg_list('\n');
653 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key") == 0)
654 				cp = sshkey_alg_list(0, 0, 0, '\n');
655 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key-cert") == 0)
656 				cp = sshkey_alg_list(1, 0, 0, '\n');
657 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key-plain") == 0)
658 				cp = sshkey_alg_list(0, 1, 0, '\n');
659 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "protocol-version") == 0) {
660 				cp = xstrdup("2");
661 			}
662 			if (cp == NULL)
663 				fatal("Unsupported query \"%s\"", optarg);
664 			printf("%s\n", cp);
665 			free(cp);
666 			exit(0);
667 			break;
668 		case 'a':
669 			options.forward_agent = 0;
670 			break;
671 		case 'A':
672 			options.forward_agent = 1;
673 			break;
674 		case 'k':
675 			options.gss_deleg_creds = 0;
676 			break;
677 		case 'K':
678 			options.gss_authentication = 1;
679 			options.gss_deleg_creds = 1;
680 			break;
681 		case 'i':
682 			p = tilde_expand_filename(optarg, original_real_uid);
683 			if (stat(p, &st) < 0)
684 				fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Identity file %s "
685 				    "not accessible: %s.\n", p,
686 				    strerror(errno));
687 			else
688 				add_identity_file(&options, NULL, p, 1);
689 			free(p);
690 			break;
691 		case 'I':
692 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
693 			free(options.pkcs11_provider);
694 			options.pkcs11_provider = xstrdup(optarg);
695 #else
696 			fprintf(stderr, "no support for PKCS#11.\n");
697 #endif
698 			break;
699 		case 'J':
700 			if (options.jump_host != NULL)
701 				fatal("Only a single -J option permitted");
702 			if (options.proxy_command != NULL)
703 				fatal("Cannot specify -J with ProxyCommand");
704 			if (parse_jump(optarg, &options, 1) == -1)
705 				fatal("Invalid -J argument");
706 			options.proxy_command = xstrdup("none");
707 			break;
708 		case 't':
709 			if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_YES)
710 				options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_FORCE;
711 			else
712 				options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_YES;
713 			break;
714 		case 'v':
715 			if (debug_flag == 0) {
716 				debug_flag = 1;
717 				options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
718 			} else {
719 				if (options.log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3) {
720 					debug_flag++;
721 					options.log_level++;
722 				}
723 			}
724 			break;
725 		case 'V':
726 			fprintf(stderr, "%s, %s\n",
727 			    SSH_VERSION,
728 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
729 			    SSLeay_version(SSLEAY_VERSION)
730 #else
731 			    "without OpenSSL"
732 #endif
733 			);
734 			if (opt == 'V')
735 				exit(0);
736 			break;
737 		case 'w':
738 			if (options.tun_open == -1)
739 				options.tun_open = SSH_TUNMODE_DEFAULT;
740 			options.tun_local = a2tun(optarg, &options.tun_remote);
741 			if (options.tun_local == SSH_TUNID_ERR) {
742 				fprintf(stderr,
743 				    "Bad tun device '%s'\n", optarg);
744 				exit(255);
745 			}
746 			break;
747 		case 'W':
748 			if (options.stdio_forward_host != NULL)
749 				fatal("stdio forward already specified");
750 			if (muxclient_command != 0)
751 				fatal("Cannot specify stdio forward with -O");
752 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 1, 0)) {
753 				options.stdio_forward_host = fwd.listen_host;
754 				options.stdio_forward_port = fwd.listen_port;
755 				free(fwd.connect_host);
756 			} else {
757 				fprintf(stderr,
758 				    "Bad stdio forwarding specification '%s'\n",
759 				    optarg);
760 				exit(255);
761 			}
762 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
763 			no_shell_flag = 1;
764 			break;
765 		case 'q':
766 			options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_QUIET;
767 			break;
768 		case 'e':
769 			if (optarg[0] == '^' && optarg[2] == 0 &&
770 			    (u_char) optarg[1] >= 64 &&
771 			    (u_char) optarg[1] < 128)
772 				options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[1] & 31;
773 			else if (strlen(optarg) == 1)
774 				options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[0];
775 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "none") == 0)
776 				options.escape_char = SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE;
777 			else {
778 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad escape character '%s'.\n",
779 				    optarg);
780 				exit(255);
781 			}
782 			break;
783 		case 'c':
784 			if (!ciphers_valid(*optarg == '+' ?
785 			    optarg + 1 : optarg)) {
786 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown cipher type '%s'\n",
787 				    optarg);
788 				exit(255);
789 			}
790 			free(options.ciphers);
791 			options.ciphers = xstrdup(optarg);
792 			break;
793 		case 'm':
794 			if (mac_valid(optarg)) {
795 				free(options.macs);
796 				options.macs = xstrdup(optarg);
797 			} else {
798 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown mac type '%s'\n",
799 				    optarg);
800 				exit(255);
801 			}
802 			break;
803 		case 'M':
804 			if (options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_YES)
805 				options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_ASK;
806 			else
807 				options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_YES;
808 			break;
809 		case 'p':
810 			options.port = a2port(optarg);
811 			if (options.port <= 0) {
812 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad port '%s'\n", optarg);
813 				exit(255);
814 			}
815 			break;
816 		case 'l':
817 			options.user = optarg;
818 			break;
819 
820 		case 'L':
821 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 0, 0))
822 				add_local_forward(&options, &fwd);
823 			else {
824 				fprintf(stderr,
825 				    "Bad local forwarding specification '%s'\n",
826 				    optarg);
827 				exit(255);
828 			}
829 			break;
830 
831 		case 'R':
832 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 0, 1)) {
833 				add_remote_forward(&options, &fwd);
834 			} else {
835 				fprintf(stderr,
836 				    "Bad remote forwarding specification "
837 				    "'%s'\n", optarg);
838 				exit(255);
839 			}
840 			break;
841 
842 		case 'D':
843 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 1, 0)) {
844 				add_local_forward(&options, &fwd);
845 			} else {
846 				fprintf(stderr,
847 				    "Bad dynamic forwarding specification "
848 				    "'%s'\n", optarg);
849 				exit(255);
850 			}
851 			break;
852 
853 		case 'C':
854 			options.compression = 1;
855 			break;
856 		case 'N':
857 			no_shell_flag = 1;
858 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
859 			break;
860 		case 'T':
861 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
862 			break;
863 		case 'o':
864 			line = xstrdup(optarg);
865 			if (process_config_line(&options, pw,
866 			    host ? host : "", host ? host : "", line,
867 			    "command-line", 0, NULL, SSHCONF_USERCONF) != 0)
868 				exit(255);
869 			free(line);
870 			break;
871 		case 's':
872 			subsystem_flag = 1;
873 			break;
874 		case 'S':
875 			free(options.control_path);
876 			options.control_path = xstrdup(optarg);
877 			break;
878 		case 'b':
879 			options.bind_address = optarg;
880 			break;
881 		case 'F':
882 			config = optarg;
883 			break;
884 		default:
885 			usage();
886 		}
887 	}
888 
889 	if (optind > 1 && strcmp(av[optind - 1], "--") == 0)
890 		opt_terminated = 1;
891 
892 	ac -= optind;
893 	av += optind;
894 
895 	if (ac > 0 && !host) {
896 		if (strrchr(*av, '@')) {
897 			p = xstrdup(*av);
898 			cp = strrchr(p, '@');
899 			if (cp == NULL || cp == p)
900 				usage();
901 			options.user = p;
902 			*cp = '\0';
903 			host = xstrdup(++cp);
904 		} else
905 			host = xstrdup(*av);
906 		if (ac > 1 && !opt_terminated) {
907 			optind = optreset = 1;
908 			goto again;
909 		}
910 		ac--, av++;
911 	}
912 
913 	/* Check that we got a host name. */
914 	if (!host)
915 		usage();
916 
917 	host_arg = xstrdup(host);
918 
919 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
920 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
921 	ERR_load_crypto_strings();
922 #endif
923 
924 	/* Initialize the command to execute on remote host. */
925 	buffer_init(&command);
926 
927 	/*
928 	 * Save the command to execute on the remote host in a buffer. There
929 	 * is no limit on the length of the command, except by the maximum
930 	 * packet size.  Also sets the tty flag if there is no command.
931 	 */
932 	if (!ac) {
933 		/* No command specified - execute shell on a tty. */
934 		if (subsystem_flag) {
935 			fprintf(stderr,
936 			    "You must specify a subsystem to invoke.\n");
937 			usage();
938 		}
939 	} else {
940 		/* A command has been specified.  Store it into the buffer. */
941 		for (i = 0; i < ac; i++) {
942 			if (i)
943 				buffer_append(&command, " ", 1);
944 			buffer_append(&command, av[i], strlen(av[i]));
945 		}
946 	}
947 
948 	/*
949 	 * Initialize "log" output.  Since we are the client all output
950 	 * goes to stderr unless otherwise specified by -y or -E.
951 	 */
952 	if (use_syslog && logfile != NULL)
953 		fatal("Can't specify both -y and -E");
954 	if (logfile != NULL)
955 		log_redirect_stderr_to(logfile);
956 	log_init(argv0,
957 	    options.log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_NOT_SET ?
958 	    SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : options.log_level,
959 	    options.log_facility == SYSLOG_FACILITY_NOT_SET ?
960 	    SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER : options.log_facility,
961 	    !use_syslog);
962 
963 	if (debug_flag)
964 		logit("%s, %s", SSH_VERSION,
965 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
966 		    SSLeay_version(SSLEAY_VERSION)
967 #else
968 		    "without OpenSSL"
969 #endif
970 		);
971 
972 	/* Parse the configuration files */
973 	process_config_files(host_arg, pw, 0);
974 
975 	/* Hostname canonicalisation needs a few options filled. */
976 	fill_default_options_for_canonicalization(&options);
977 
978 	/* If the user has replaced the hostname then take it into use now */
979 	if (options.hostname != NULL) {
980 		/* NB. Please keep in sync with readconf.c:match_cfg_line() */
981 		cp = percent_expand(options.hostname,
982 		    "h", host, (char *)NULL);
983 		free(host);
984 		host = cp;
985 		free(options.hostname);
986 		options.hostname = xstrdup(host);
987 	}
988 
989 	/* If canonicalization requested then try to apply it */
990 	lowercase(host);
991 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_NO)
992 		addrs = resolve_canonicalize(&host, options.port);
993 
994 	/*
995 	 * If CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs have been specified but
996 	 * other canonicalization did not happen (by not being requested
997 	 * or by failing with fallback) then the hostname may still be changed
998 	 * as a result of CNAME following.
999 	 *
1000 	 * Try to resolve the bare hostname name using the system resolver's
1001 	 * usual search rules and then apply the CNAME follow rules.
1002 	 *
1003 	 * Skip the lookup if a ProxyCommand is being used unless the user
1004 	 * has specifically requested canonicalisation for this case via
1005 	 * CanonicalizeHostname=always
1006 	 */
1007 	direct = option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command) &&
1008 	    options.jump_host == NULL;
1009 	if (addrs == NULL && options.num_permitted_cnames != 0 && (direct ||
1010 	    options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)) {
1011 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(host, options.port,
1012 		    option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command),
1013 		    cname, sizeof(cname))) == NULL) {
1014 			/* Don't fatal proxied host names not in the DNS */
1015 			if (option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command))
1016 				cleanup_exit(255); /* logged in resolve_host */
1017 		} else
1018 			check_follow_cname(direct, &host, cname);
1019 	}
1020 
1021 	/*
1022 	 * If canonicalisation is enabled then re-parse the configuration
1023 	 * files as new stanzas may match.
1024 	 */
1025 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname != 0) {
1026 		debug("Re-reading configuration after hostname "
1027 		    "canonicalisation");
1028 		free(options.hostname);
1029 		options.hostname = xstrdup(host);
1030 		process_config_files(host_arg, pw, 1);
1031 		/*
1032 		 * Address resolution happens early with canonicalisation
1033 		 * enabled and the port number may have changed since, so
1034 		 * reset it in address list
1035 		 */
1036 		if (addrs != NULL && options.port > 0)
1037 			set_addrinfo_port(addrs, options.port);
1038 	}
1039 
1040 	/* Fill configuration defaults. */
1041 	fill_default_options(&options);
1042 
1043 	/*
1044 	 * If ProxyJump option specified, then construct a ProxyCommand now.
1045 	 */
1046 	if (options.jump_host != NULL) {
1047 		char port_s[8];
1048 
1049 		/* Consistency check */
1050 		if (options.proxy_command != NULL)
1051 			fatal("inconsistent options: ProxyCommand+ProxyJump");
1052 		/* Never use FD passing for ProxyJump */
1053 		options.proxy_use_fdpass = 0;
1054 		snprintf(port_s, sizeof(port_s), "%d", options.jump_port);
1055 		xasprintf(&options.proxy_command,
1056 		    "ssh%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%.*s -W '[%%h]:%%p' %s",
1057 		    /* Optional "-l user" argument if jump_user set */
1058 		    options.jump_user == NULL ? "" : " -l ",
1059 		    options.jump_user == NULL ? "" : options.jump_user,
1060 		    /* Optional "-p port" argument if jump_port set */
1061 		    options.jump_port <= 0 ? "" : " -p ",
1062 		    options.jump_port <= 0 ? "" : port_s,
1063 		    /* Optional additional jump hosts ",..." */
1064 		    options.jump_extra == NULL ? "" : " -J ",
1065 		    options.jump_extra == NULL ? "" : options.jump_extra,
1066 		    /* Optional "-F" argumment if -F specified */
1067 		    config == NULL ? "" : " -F ",
1068 		    config == NULL ? "" : config,
1069 		    /* Optional "-v" arguments if -v set */
1070 		    debug_flag ? " -" : "",
1071 		    debug_flag, "vvv",
1072 		    /* Mandatory hostname */
1073 		    options.jump_host);
1074 		debug("Setting implicit ProxyCommand from ProxyJump: %s",
1075 		    options.proxy_command);
1076 	}
1077 
1078 	if (options.port == 0)
1079 		options.port = default_ssh_port();
1080 	channel_set_af(options.address_family);
1081 
1082 	/* Tidy and check options */
1083 	if (options.host_key_alias != NULL)
1084 		lowercase(options.host_key_alias);
1085 	if (options.proxy_command != NULL &&
1086 	    strcmp(options.proxy_command, "-") == 0 &&
1087 	    options.proxy_use_fdpass)
1088 		fatal("ProxyCommand=- and ProxyUseFDPass are incompatible");
1089 	if (options.control_persist &&
1090 	    options.update_hostkeys == SSH_UPDATE_HOSTKEYS_ASK) {
1091 		debug("UpdateHostKeys=ask is incompatible with ControlPersist; "
1092 		    "disabling");
1093 		options.update_hostkeys = 0;
1094 	}
1095 	if (options.connection_attempts <= 0)
1096 		fatal("Invalid number of ConnectionAttempts");
1097 
1098 	if (original_effective_uid != 0)
1099 		options.use_privileged_port = 0;
1100 
1101 	if (buffer_len(&command) != 0 && options.remote_command != NULL)
1102 		fatal("Cannot execute command-line and remote command.");
1103 
1104 	/* Cannot fork to background if no command. */
1105 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag && buffer_len(&command) == 0 &&
1106 	    options.remote_command == NULL && !no_shell_flag)
1107 		fatal("Cannot fork into background without a command "
1108 		    "to execute.");
1109 
1110 	/* reinit */
1111 	log_init(argv0, options.log_level, options.log_facility, !use_syslog);
1112 
1113 	if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_YES ||
1114 	    options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_FORCE)
1115 		tty_flag = 1;
1116 
1117 	/* Allocate a tty by default if no command specified. */
1118 	if (buffer_len(&command) == 0 && options.remote_command == NULL)
1119 		tty_flag = options.request_tty != REQUEST_TTY_NO;
1120 
1121 	/* Force no tty */
1122 	if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_NO ||
1123 	    (muxclient_command && muxclient_command != SSHMUX_COMMAND_PROXY))
1124 		tty_flag = 0;
1125 	/* Do not allocate a tty if stdin is not a tty. */
1126 	if ((!isatty(fileno(stdin)) || stdin_null_flag) &&
1127 	    options.request_tty != REQUEST_TTY_FORCE) {
1128 		if (tty_flag)
1129 			logit("Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because "
1130 			    "stdin is not a terminal.");
1131 		tty_flag = 0;
1132 	}
1133 
1134 	if (options.user == NULL)
1135 		options.user = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
1136 
1137 	if (gethostname(thishost, sizeof(thishost)) == -1)
1138 		fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno));
1139 	strlcpy(shorthost, thishost, sizeof(shorthost));
1140 	shorthost[strcspn(thishost, ".")] = '\0';
1141 	snprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), "%d", options.port);
1142 	snprintf(uidstr, sizeof(uidstr), "%d", pw->pw_uid);
1143 
1144 	if ((md = ssh_digest_start(SSH_DIGEST_SHA1)) == NULL ||
1145 	    ssh_digest_update(md, thishost, strlen(thishost)) < 0 ||
1146 	    ssh_digest_update(md, host, strlen(host)) < 0 ||
1147 	    ssh_digest_update(md, portstr, strlen(portstr)) < 0 ||
1148 	    ssh_digest_update(md, options.user, strlen(options.user)) < 0 ||
1149 	    ssh_digest_final(md, conn_hash, sizeof(conn_hash)) < 0)
1150 		fatal("%s: mux digest failed", __func__);
1151 	ssh_digest_free(md);
1152 	conn_hash_hex = tohex(conn_hash, ssh_digest_bytes(SSH_DIGEST_SHA1));
1153 
1154 	if (options.local_command != NULL) {
1155 		debug3("expanding LocalCommand: %s", options.local_command);
1156 		cp = options.local_command;
1157 		options.local_command = percent_expand(cp,
1158 		    "C", conn_hash_hex,
1159 		    "L", shorthost,
1160 		    "d", pw->pw_dir,
1161 		    "h", host,
1162 		    "l", thishost,
1163 		    "n", host_arg,
1164 		    "p", portstr,
1165 		    "r", options.user,
1166 		    "u", pw->pw_name,
1167 		    (char *)NULL);
1168 		debug3("expanded LocalCommand: %s", options.local_command);
1169 		free(cp);
1170 	}
1171 
1172 	if (options.remote_command != NULL) {
1173 		debug3("expanding RemoteCommand: %s", options.remote_command);
1174 		cp = options.remote_command;
1175 		options.remote_command = percent_expand(cp,
1176 		    "C", conn_hash_hex,
1177 		    "L", shorthost,
1178 		    "d", pw->pw_dir,
1179 		    "h", host,
1180 		    "l", thishost,
1181 		    "n", host_arg,
1182 		    "p", portstr,
1183 		    "r", options.user,
1184 		    "u", pw->pw_name,
1185 		    (char *)NULL);
1186 		debug3("expanded RemoteCommand: %s", options.remote_command);
1187 		free(cp);
1188 		buffer_append(&command, options.remote_command,
1189 		    strlen(options.remote_command));
1190 
1191 	}
1192 
1193 	if (options.control_path != NULL) {
1194 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.control_path,
1195 		    original_real_uid);
1196 		free(options.control_path);
1197 		options.control_path = percent_expand(cp,
1198 		    "C", conn_hash_hex,
1199 		    "L", shorthost,
1200 		    "h", host,
1201 		    "l", thishost,
1202 		    "n", host_arg,
1203 		    "p", portstr,
1204 		    "r", options.user,
1205 		    "u", pw->pw_name,
1206 		    "i", uidstr,
1207 		    (char *)NULL);
1208 		free(cp);
1209 	}
1210 	free(conn_hash_hex);
1211 
1212 	if (config_test) {
1213 		dump_client_config(&options, host);
1214 		exit(0);
1215 	}
1216 
1217 	if (muxclient_command != 0 && options.control_path == NULL)
1218 		fatal("No ControlPath specified for \"-O\" command");
1219 	if (options.control_path != NULL) {
1220 		int sock;
1221 		if ((sock = muxclient(options.control_path)) >= 0) {
1222 			packet_set_connection(sock, sock);
1223 			ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
1224 			packet_set_mux();
1225 			goto skip_connect;
1226 		}
1227 	}
1228 
1229 	/*
1230 	 * If hostname canonicalisation was not enabled, then we may not
1231 	 * have yet resolved the hostname. Do so now.
1232 	 */
1233 	if (addrs == NULL && options.proxy_command == NULL) {
1234 		debug2("resolving \"%s\" port %d", host, options.port);
1235 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(host, options.port, 1,
1236 		    cname, sizeof(cname))) == NULL)
1237 			cleanup_exit(255); /* resolve_host logs the error */
1238 	}
1239 
1240 	timeout_ms = options.connection_timeout * 1000;
1241 
1242 	/* Open a connection to the remote host. */
1243 	if (ssh_connect(host, addrs, &hostaddr, options.port,
1244 	    options.address_family, options.connection_attempts,
1245 	    &timeout_ms, options.tcp_keep_alive,
1246 	    options.use_privileged_port) != 0)
1247 		exit(255);
1248 
1249 	if (addrs != NULL)
1250 		freeaddrinfo(addrs);
1251 
1252 	packet_set_timeout(options.server_alive_interval,
1253 	    options.server_alive_count_max);
1254 
1255 	ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
1256 
1257 	if (timeout_ms > 0)
1258 		debug3("timeout: %d ms remain after connect", timeout_ms);
1259 
1260 	/*
1261 	 * If we successfully made the connection, load the host private key
1262 	 * in case we will need it later for combined rsa-rhosts
1263 	 * authentication. This must be done before releasing extra
1264 	 * privileges, because the file is only readable by root.
1265 	 * If we cannot access the private keys, load the public keys
1266 	 * instead and try to execute the ssh-keysign helper instead.
1267 	 */
1268 	sensitive_data.nkeys = 0;
1269 	sensitive_data.keys = NULL;
1270 	sensitive_data.external_keysign = 0;
1271 	if (options.hostbased_authentication) {
1272 		sensitive_data.nkeys = 9;
1273 		sensitive_data.keys = xcalloc(sensitive_data.nkeys,
1274 		    sizeof(struct sshkey));	/* XXX */
1275 
1276 		PRIV_START;
1277 		sensitive_data.keys[1] = key_load_private_cert(KEY_ECDSA,
1278 		    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
1279 		sensitive_data.keys[2] = key_load_private_cert(KEY_ED25519,
1280 		    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
1281 		sensitive_data.keys[3] = key_load_private_cert(KEY_RSA,
1282 		    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
1283 		sensitive_data.keys[4] = key_load_private_cert(KEY_DSA,
1284 		    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
1285 		sensitive_data.keys[5] = key_load_private_type(KEY_ECDSA,
1286 		    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1287 		sensitive_data.keys[6] = key_load_private_type(KEY_ED25519,
1288 		    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1289 		sensitive_data.keys[7] = key_load_private_type(KEY_RSA,
1290 		    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1291 		sensitive_data.keys[8] = key_load_private_type(KEY_DSA,
1292 		    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1293 		PRIV_END;
1294 
1295 		if (options.hostbased_authentication == 1 &&
1296 		    sensitive_data.keys[0] == NULL &&
1297 		    sensitive_data.keys[5] == NULL &&
1298 		    sensitive_data.keys[6] == NULL &&
1299 		    sensitive_data.keys[7] == NULL &&
1300 		    sensitive_data.keys[8] == NULL) {
1301 			sensitive_data.keys[1] = key_load_cert(
1302 			    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE);
1303 			sensitive_data.keys[2] = key_load_cert(
1304 			    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE);
1305 			sensitive_data.keys[3] = key_load_cert(
1306 			    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE);
1307 			sensitive_data.keys[4] = key_load_cert(
1308 			    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE);
1309 			sensitive_data.keys[5] = key_load_public(
1310 			    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
1311 			sensitive_data.keys[6] = key_load_public(
1312 			    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, NULL);
1313 			sensitive_data.keys[7] = key_load_public(
1314 			    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
1315 			sensitive_data.keys[8] = key_load_public(
1316 			    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
1317 			sensitive_data.external_keysign = 1;
1318 		}
1319 	}
1320 	/*
1321 	 * Get rid of any extra privileges that we may have.  We will no
1322 	 * longer need them.  Also, extra privileges could make it very hard
1323 	 * to read identity files and other non-world-readable files from the
1324 	 * user's home directory if it happens to be on a NFS volume where
1325 	 * root is mapped to nobody.
1326 	 */
1327 	if (original_effective_uid == 0) {
1328 		PRIV_START;
1329 		permanently_set_uid(pw);
1330 	}
1331 
1332 	/*
1333 	 * Now that we are back to our own permissions, create ~/.ssh
1334 	 * directory if it doesn't already exist.
1335 	 */
1336 	if (config == NULL) {
1337 		r = snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s%s%s", pw->pw_dir,
1338 		    strcmp(pw->pw_dir, "/") ? "/" : "", _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
1339 		if (r > 0 && (size_t)r < sizeof(buf) && stat(buf, &st) < 0)
1340 			if (mkdir(buf, 0700) < 0)
1341 				error("Could not create directory '%.200s'.",
1342 				    buf);
1343 	}
1344 
1345 	/* load options.identity_files */
1346 	load_public_identity_files();
1347 
1348 	/* optionally set the SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME varibale */
1349 	if (options.identity_agent &&
1350 	    strcmp(options.identity_agent, SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME) != 0) {
1351 		if (strcmp(options.identity_agent, "none") == 0) {
1352 			unsetenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME);
1353 		} else {
1354 			p = tilde_expand_filename(options.identity_agent,
1355 			    original_real_uid);
1356 			cp = percent_expand(p, "d", pw->pw_dir,
1357 			    "u", pw->pw_name, "l", thishost, "h", host,
1358 			    "r", options.user, (char *)NULL);
1359 			setenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME, cp, 1);
1360 			free(cp);
1361 			free(p);
1362 		}
1363 	}
1364 
1365 	/* Expand ~ in known host file names. */
1366 	tilde_expand_paths(options.system_hostfiles,
1367 	    options.num_system_hostfiles);
1368 	tilde_expand_paths(options.user_hostfiles, options.num_user_hostfiles);
1369 
1370 	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); /* ignore SIGPIPE early */
1371 	signal(SIGCHLD, main_sigchld_handler);
1372 
1373 	/* Log into the remote system.  Never returns if the login fails. */
1374 	ssh_login(&sensitive_data, host, (struct sockaddr *)&hostaddr,
1375 	    options.port, pw, timeout_ms);
1376 
1377 	if (packet_connection_is_on_socket()) {
1378 		verbose("Authenticated to %s ([%s]:%d).", host,
1379 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
1380 	} else {
1381 		verbose("Authenticated to %s (via proxy).", host);
1382 	}
1383 
1384 	/* We no longer need the private host keys.  Clear them now. */
1385 	if (sensitive_data.nkeys != 0) {
1386 		for (i = 0; i < sensitive_data.nkeys; i++) {
1387 			if (sensitive_data.keys[i] != NULL) {
1388 				/* Destroys contents safely */
1389 				debug3("clear hostkey %d", i);
1390 				key_free(sensitive_data.keys[i]);
1391 				sensitive_data.keys[i] = NULL;
1392 			}
1393 		}
1394 		free(sensitive_data.keys);
1395 	}
1396 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1397 		free(options.identity_files[i]);
1398 		options.identity_files[i] = NULL;
1399 		if (options.identity_keys[i]) {
1400 			key_free(options.identity_keys[i]);
1401 			options.identity_keys[i] = NULL;
1402 		}
1403 	}
1404 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_certificate_files; i++) {
1405 		free(options.certificate_files[i]);
1406 		options.certificate_files[i] = NULL;
1407 	}
1408 
1409  skip_connect:
1410 	exit_status = ssh_session2();
1411 	packet_close();
1412 
1413 	if (options.control_path != NULL && muxserver_sock != -1)
1414 		unlink(options.control_path);
1415 
1416 	/* Kill ProxyCommand if it is running. */
1417 	ssh_kill_proxy_command();
1418 
1419 	return exit_status;
1420 }
1421 
1422 static void
1423 control_persist_detach(void)
1424 {
1425 	pid_t pid;
1426 	int devnull, keep_stderr;
1427 
1428 	debug("%s: backgrounding master process", __func__);
1429 
1430  	/*
1431  	 * master (current process) into the background, and make the
1432  	 * foreground process a client of the backgrounded master.
1433  	 */
1434 	switch ((pid = fork())) {
1435 	case -1:
1436 		fatal("%s: fork: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1437 	case 0:
1438 		/* Child: master process continues mainloop */
1439  		break;
1440  	default:
1441 		/* Parent: set up mux slave to connect to backgrounded master */
1442 		debug2("%s: background process is %ld", __func__, (long)pid);
1443 		stdin_null_flag = ostdin_null_flag;
1444 		options.request_tty = orequest_tty;
1445 		tty_flag = otty_flag;
1446  		close(muxserver_sock);
1447  		muxserver_sock = -1;
1448 		options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_NO;
1449  		muxclient(options.control_path);
1450 		/* muxclient() doesn't return on success. */
1451  		fatal("Failed to connect to new control master");
1452  	}
1453 	if ((devnull = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
1454 		error("%s: open(\"/dev/null\"): %s", __func__,
1455 		    strerror(errno));
1456 	} else {
1457 		keep_stderr = log_is_on_stderr() && debug_flag;
1458 		if (dup2(devnull, STDIN_FILENO) == -1 ||
1459 		    dup2(devnull, STDOUT_FILENO) == -1 ||
1460 		    (!keep_stderr && dup2(devnull, STDERR_FILENO) == -1))
1461 			error("%s: dup2: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1462 		if (devnull > STDERR_FILENO)
1463 			close(devnull);
1464 	}
1465 	daemon(1, 1);
1466 	setproctitle("%s [mux]", options.control_path);
1467 }
1468 
1469 /* Do fork() after authentication. Used by "ssh -f" */
1470 static void
1471 fork_postauth(void)
1472 {
1473 	if (need_controlpersist_detach)
1474 		control_persist_detach();
1475 	debug("forking to background");
1476 	fork_after_authentication_flag = 0;
1477 	if (daemon(1, 1) < 0)
1478 		fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1479 }
1480 
1481 /* Callback for remote forward global requests */
1482 static void
1483 ssh_confirm_remote_forward(int type, u_int32_t seq, void *ctxt)
1484 {
1485 	struct Forward *rfwd = (struct Forward *)ctxt;
1486 
1487 	/* XXX verbose() on failure? */
1488 	debug("remote forward %s for: listen %s%s%d, connect %s:%d",
1489 	    type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS ? "success" : "failure",
1490 	    rfwd->listen_path ? rfwd->listen_path :
1491 	    rfwd->listen_host ? rfwd->listen_host : "",
1492 	    (rfwd->listen_path || rfwd->listen_host) ? ":" : "",
1493 	    rfwd->listen_port, rfwd->connect_path ? rfwd->connect_path :
1494 	    rfwd->connect_host, rfwd->connect_port);
1495 	if (rfwd->listen_path == NULL && rfwd->listen_port == 0) {
1496 		if (type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS) {
1497 			rfwd->allocated_port = packet_get_int();
1498 			logit("Allocated port %u for remote forward to %s:%d",
1499 			    rfwd->allocated_port,
1500 			    rfwd->connect_host, rfwd->connect_port);
1501 			channel_update_permitted_opens(rfwd->handle,
1502 			    rfwd->allocated_port);
1503 		} else {
1504 			channel_update_permitted_opens(rfwd->handle, -1);
1505 		}
1506 	}
1507 
1508 	if (type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE) {
1509 		if (options.exit_on_forward_failure) {
1510 			if (rfwd->listen_path != NULL)
1511 				fatal("Error: remote port forwarding failed "
1512 				    "for listen path %s", rfwd->listen_path);
1513 			else
1514 				fatal("Error: remote port forwarding failed "
1515 				    "for listen port %d", rfwd->listen_port);
1516 		} else {
1517 			if (rfwd->listen_path != NULL)
1518 				logit("Warning: remote port forwarding failed "
1519 				    "for listen path %s", rfwd->listen_path);
1520 			else
1521 				logit("Warning: remote port forwarding failed "
1522 				    "for listen port %d", rfwd->listen_port);
1523 		}
1524 	}
1525 	if (++remote_forward_confirms_received == options.num_remote_forwards) {
1526 		debug("All remote forwarding requests processed");
1527 		if (fork_after_authentication_flag)
1528 			fork_postauth();
1529 	}
1530 }
1531 
1532 static void
1533 client_cleanup_stdio_fwd(int id, void *arg)
1534 {
1535 	debug("stdio forwarding: done");
1536 	cleanup_exit(0);
1537 }
1538 
1539 static void
1540 ssh_stdio_confirm(int id, int success, void *arg)
1541 {
1542 	if (!success)
1543 		fatal("stdio forwarding failed");
1544 }
1545 
1546 static void
1547 ssh_init_stdio_forwarding(void)
1548 {
1549 	Channel *c;
1550 	int in, out;
1551 
1552 	if (options.stdio_forward_host == NULL)
1553 		return;
1554 
1555 	debug3("%s: %s:%d", __func__, options.stdio_forward_host,
1556 	    options.stdio_forward_port);
1557 
1558 	if ((in = dup(STDIN_FILENO)) < 0 ||
1559 	    (out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO)) < 0)
1560 		fatal("channel_connect_stdio_fwd: dup() in/out failed");
1561 	if ((c = channel_connect_stdio_fwd(options.stdio_forward_host,
1562 	    options.stdio_forward_port, in, out)) == NULL)
1563 		fatal("%s: channel_connect_stdio_fwd failed", __func__);
1564 	channel_register_cleanup(c->self, client_cleanup_stdio_fwd, 0);
1565 	channel_register_open_confirm(c->self, ssh_stdio_confirm, NULL);
1566 }
1567 
1568 static void
1569 ssh_init_forwarding(void)
1570 {
1571 	int success = 0;
1572 	int i;
1573 
1574 	/* Initiate local TCP/IP port forwardings. */
1575 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_local_forwards; i++) {
1576 		debug("Local connections to %.200s:%d forwarded to remote "
1577 		    "address %.200s:%d",
1578 		    (options.local_forwards[i].listen_path != NULL) ?
1579 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_path :
1580 		    (options.local_forwards[i].listen_host == NULL) ?
1581 		    (options.fwd_opts.gateway_ports ? "*" : "LOCALHOST") :
1582 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_host,
1583 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_port,
1584 		    (options.local_forwards[i].connect_path != NULL) ?
1585 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_path :
1586 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_host,
1587 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_port);
1588 		success += channel_setup_local_fwd_listener(
1589 		    &options.local_forwards[i], &options.fwd_opts);
1590 	}
1591 	if (i > 0 && success != i && options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1592 		fatal("Could not request local forwarding.");
1593 	if (i > 0 && success == 0)
1594 		error("Could not request local forwarding.");
1595 
1596 	/* Initiate remote TCP/IP port forwardings. */
1597 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_remote_forwards; i++) {
1598 		debug("Remote connections from %.200s:%d forwarded to "
1599 		    "local address %.200s:%d",
1600 		    (options.remote_forwards[i].listen_path != NULL) ?
1601 		    options.remote_forwards[i].listen_path :
1602 		    (options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host == NULL) ?
1603 		    "LOCALHOST" : options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host,
1604 		    options.remote_forwards[i].listen_port,
1605 		    (options.remote_forwards[i].connect_path != NULL) ?
1606 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_path :
1607 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_host,
1608 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_port);
1609 		options.remote_forwards[i].handle =
1610 		    channel_request_remote_forwarding(
1611 		    &options.remote_forwards[i]);
1612 		if (options.remote_forwards[i].handle < 0) {
1613 			if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1614 				fatal("Could not request remote forwarding.");
1615 			else
1616 				logit("Warning: Could not request remote "
1617 				    "forwarding.");
1618 		} else {
1619 			client_register_global_confirm(ssh_confirm_remote_forward,
1620 			    &options.remote_forwards[i]);
1621 		}
1622 	}
1623 
1624 	/* Initiate tunnel forwarding. */
1625 	if (options.tun_open != SSH_TUNMODE_NO) {
1626 		if (client_request_tun_fwd(options.tun_open,
1627 		    options.tun_local, options.tun_remote) == -1) {
1628 			if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1629 				fatal("Could not request tunnel forwarding.");
1630 			else
1631 				error("Could not request tunnel forwarding.");
1632 		}
1633 	}
1634 }
1635 
1636 static void
1637 check_agent_present(void)
1638 {
1639 	int r;
1640 
1641 	if (options.forward_agent) {
1642 		/* Clear agent forwarding if we don't have an agent. */
1643 		if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(NULL)) != 0) {
1644 			options.forward_agent = 0;
1645 			if (r != SSH_ERR_AGENT_NOT_PRESENT)
1646 				debug("ssh_get_authentication_socket: %s",
1647 				    ssh_err(r));
1648 		}
1649 	}
1650 }
1651 
1652 static void
1653 ssh_session2_setup(int id, int success, void *arg)
1654 {
1655 	extern char **environ;
1656 	const char *display;
1657 	int interactive = tty_flag;
1658 	char *proto = NULL, *data = NULL;
1659 
1660 	if (!success)
1661 		return; /* No need for error message, channels code sens one */
1662 
1663 	display = getenv("DISPLAY");
1664 	if (display == NULL && options.forward_x11)
1665 		debug("X11 forwarding requested but DISPLAY not set");
1666 	if (options.forward_x11 && client_x11_get_proto(display,
1667 	    options.xauth_location, options.forward_x11_trusted,
1668 	    options.forward_x11_timeout, &proto, &data) == 0) {
1669 		/* Request forwarding with authentication spoofing. */
1670 		debug("Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication "
1671 		    "spoofing.");
1672 		x11_request_forwarding_with_spoofing(id, display, proto,
1673 		    data, 1);
1674 		client_expect_confirm(id, "X11 forwarding", CONFIRM_WARN);
1675 		/* XXX exit_on_forward_failure */
1676 		interactive = 1;
1677 	}
1678 
1679 	check_agent_present();
1680 	if (options.forward_agent) {
1681 		debug("Requesting authentication agent forwarding.");
1682 		channel_request_start(id, "auth-agent-req@openssh.com", 0);
1683 		packet_send();
1684 	}
1685 
1686 	/* Tell the packet module whether this is an interactive session. */
1687 	packet_set_interactive(interactive,
1688 	    options.ip_qos_interactive, options.ip_qos_bulk);
1689 
1690 	client_session2_setup(id, tty_flag, subsystem_flag, getenv("TERM"),
1691 	    NULL, fileno(stdin), &command, environ);
1692 }
1693 
1694 /* open new channel for a session */
1695 static int
1696 ssh_session2_open(void)
1697 {
1698 	Channel *c;
1699 	int window, packetmax, in, out, err;
1700 
1701 	if (stdin_null_flag) {
1702 		in = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY);
1703 	} else {
1704 		in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1705 	}
1706 	out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO);
1707 	err = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
1708 
1709 	if (in < 0 || out < 0 || err < 0)
1710 		fatal("dup() in/out/err failed");
1711 
1712 	/* enable nonblocking unless tty */
1713 	if (!isatty(in))
1714 		set_nonblock(in);
1715 	if (!isatty(out))
1716 		set_nonblock(out);
1717 	if (!isatty(err))
1718 		set_nonblock(err);
1719 
1720 	window = CHAN_SES_WINDOW_DEFAULT;
1721 	packetmax = CHAN_SES_PACKET_DEFAULT;
1722 	if (tty_flag) {
1723 		window >>= 1;
1724 		packetmax >>= 1;
1725 	}
1726 	c = channel_new(
1727 	    "session", SSH_CHANNEL_OPENING, in, out, err,
1728 	    window, packetmax, CHAN_EXTENDED_WRITE,
1729 	    "client-session", /*nonblock*/0);
1730 
1731 	debug3("ssh_session2_open: channel_new: %d", c->self);
1732 
1733 	channel_send_open(c->self);
1734 	if (!no_shell_flag)
1735 		channel_register_open_confirm(c->self,
1736 		    ssh_session2_setup, NULL);
1737 
1738 	return c->self;
1739 }
1740 
1741 static int
1742 ssh_session2(void)
1743 {
1744 	int id = -1;
1745 
1746 	/* XXX should be pre-session */
1747 	if (!options.control_persist)
1748 		ssh_init_stdio_forwarding();
1749 	ssh_init_forwarding();
1750 
1751 	/* Start listening for multiplex clients */
1752 	if (!packet_get_mux())
1753 		muxserver_listen();
1754 
1755  	/*
1756 	 * If we are in control persist mode and have a working mux listen
1757 	 * socket, then prepare to background ourselves and have a foreground
1758 	 * client attach as a control slave.
1759 	 * NB. we must save copies of the flags that we override for
1760 	 * the backgrounding, since we defer attachment of the slave until
1761 	 * after the connection is fully established (in particular,
1762 	 * async rfwd replies have been received for ExitOnForwardFailure).
1763 	 */
1764  	if (options.control_persist && muxserver_sock != -1) {
1765 		ostdin_null_flag = stdin_null_flag;
1766 		ono_shell_flag = no_shell_flag;
1767 		orequest_tty = options.request_tty;
1768 		otty_flag = tty_flag;
1769  		stdin_null_flag = 1;
1770  		no_shell_flag = 1;
1771  		tty_flag = 0;
1772 		if (!fork_after_authentication_flag)
1773 			need_controlpersist_detach = 1;
1774 		fork_after_authentication_flag = 1;
1775  	}
1776 	/*
1777 	 * ControlPersist mux listen socket setup failed, attempt the
1778 	 * stdio forward setup that we skipped earlier.
1779 	 */
1780 	if (options.control_persist && muxserver_sock == -1)
1781 		ssh_init_stdio_forwarding();
1782 
1783 	if (!no_shell_flag || (datafellows & SSH_BUG_DUMMYCHAN))
1784 		id = ssh_session2_open();
1785 	else {
1786 		packet_set_interactive(
1787 		    options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_NO,
1788 		    options.ip_qos_interactive, options.ip_qos_bulk);
1789 	}
1790 
1791 	/* If we don't expect to open a new session, then disallow it */
1792 	if (options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_NO &&
1793 	    (datafellows & SSH_NEW_OPENSSH)) {
1794 		debug("Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com");
1795 		packet_start(SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST);
1796 		packet_put_cstring("no-more-sessions@openssh.com");
1797 		packet_put_char(0);
1798 		packet_send();
1799 	}
1800 
1801 	/* Execute a local command */
1802 	if (options.local_command != NULL &&
1803 	    options.permit_local_command)
1804 		ssh_local_cmd(options.local_command);
1805 
1806 	/*
1807 	 * If requested and we are not interested in replies to remote
1808 	 * forwarding requests, then let ssh continue in the background.
1809 	 */
1810 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag) {
1811 		if (options.exit_on_forward_failure &&
1812 		    options.num_remote_forwards > 0) {
1813 			debug("deferring postauth fork until remote forward "
1814 			    "confirmation received");
1815 		} else
1816 			fork_postauth();
1817 	}
1818 
1819 	return client_loop(tty_flag, tty_flag ?
1820 	    options.escape_char : SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE, id);
1821 }
1822 
1823 /* Loads all IdentityFile and CertificateFile keys */
1824 static void
1825 load_public_identity_files(void)
1826 {
1827 	char *filename, *cp, thishost[NI_MAXHOST];
1828 	char *pwdir = NULL, *pwname = NULL;
1829 	struct sshkey *public;
1830 	struct passwd *pw;
1831 	int i;
1832 	u_int n_ids, n_certs;
1833 	char *identity_files[SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES];
1834 	struct sshkey *identity_keys[SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES];
1835 	char *certificate_files[SSH_MAX_CERTIFICATE_FILES];
1836 	struct sshkey *certificates[SSH_MAX_CERTIFICATE_FILES];
1837 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1838 	struct sshkey **keys;
1839 	int nkeys;
1840 #endif /* PKCS11 */
1841 
1842 	n_ids = n_certs = 0;
1843 	memset(identity_files, 0, sizeof(identity_files));
1844 	memset(identity_keys, 0, sizeof(identity_keys));
1845 	memset(certificate_files, 0, sizeof(certificate_files));
1846 	memset(certificates, 0, sizeof(certificates));
1847 
1848 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1849 	if (options.pkcs11_provider != NULL &&
1850 	    options.num_identity_files < SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES &&
1851 	    (pkcs11_init(!options.batch_mode) == 0) &&
1852 	    (nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(options.pkcs11_provider, NULL,
1853 	    &keys)) > 0) {
1854 		for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
1855 			if (n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES) {
1856 				key_free(keys[i]);
1857 				continue;
1858 			}
1859 			identity_keys[n_ids] = keys[i];
1860 			identity_files[n_ids] =
1861 			    xstrdup(options.pkcs11_provider); /* XXX */
1862 			n_ids++;
1863 		}
1864 		free(keys);
1865 	}
1866 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
1867 	if ((pw = getpwuid(original_real_uid)) == NULL)
1868 		fatal("load_public_identity_files: getpwuid failed");
1869 	pwname = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
1870 	pwdir = xstrdup(pw->pw_dir);
1871 	if (gethostname(thishost, sizeof(thishost)) == -1)
1872 		fatal("load_public_identity_files: gethostname: %s",
1873 		    strerror(errno));
1874 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1875 		if (n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES ||
1876 		    strcasecmp(options.identity_files[i], "none") == 0) {
1877 			free(options.identity_files[i]);
1878 			options.identity_files[i] = NULL;
1879 			continue;
1880 		}
1881 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.identity_files[i],
1882 		    original_real_uid);
1883 		filename = percent_expand(cp, "d", pwdir,
1884 		    "u", pwname, "l", thishost, "h", host,
1885 		    "r", options.user, (char *)NULL);
1886 		free(cp);
1887 		public = key_load_public(filename, NULL);
1888 		debug("identity file %s type %d", filename,
1889 		    public ? public->type : -1);
1890 		free(options.identity_files[i]);
1891 		identity_files[n_ids] = filename;
1892 		identity_keys[n_ids] = public;
1893 
1894 		if (++n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES)
1895 			continue;
1896 
1897 		/*
1898 		 * If no certificates have been explicitly listed then try
1899 		 * to add the default certificate variant too.
1900 		 */
1901 		if (options.num_certificate_files != 0)
1902 			continue;
1903 		xasprintf(&cp, "%s-cert", filename);
1904 		public = key_load_public(cp, NULL);
1905 		debug("identity file %s type %d", cp,
1906 		    public ? public->type : -1);
1907 		if (public == NULL) {
1908 			free(cp);
1909 			continue;
1910 		}
1911 		if (!key_is_cert(public)) {
1912 			debug("%s: key %s type %s is not a certificate",
1913 			    __func__, cp, key_type(public));
1914 			key_free(public);
1915 			free(cp);
1916 			continue;
1917 		}
1918 		/* NB. leave filename pointing to private key */
1919 		identity_files[n_ids] = xstrdup(filename);
1920 		identity_keys[n_ids] = public;
1921 		n_ids++;
1922 	}
1923 
1924 	if (options.num_certificate_files > SSH_MAX_CERTIFICATE_FILES)
1925 		fatal("%s: too many certificates", __func__);
1926 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_certificate_files; i++) {
1927 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.certificate_files[i],
1928 		    original_real_uid);
1929 		filename = percent_expand(cp, "d", pwdir,
1930 		    "u", pwname, "l", thishost, "h", host,
1931 		    "r", options.user, (char *)NULL);
1932 		free(cp);
1933 
1934 		public = key_load_public(filename, NULL);
1935 		debug("certificate file %s type %d", filename,
1936 		    public ? public->type : -1);
1937 		free(options.certificate_files[i]);
1938 		options.certificate_files[i] = NULL;
1939 		if (public == NULL) {
1940 			free(filename);
1941 			continue;
1942 		}
1943 		if (!key_is_cert(public)) {
1944 			debug("%s: key %s type %s is not a certificate",
1945 			    __func__, filename, key_type(public));
1946 			key_free(public);
1947 			free(filename);
1948 			continue;
1949 		}
1950 		certificate_files[n_certs] = filename;
1951 		certificates[n_certs] = public;
1952 		++n_certs;
1953 	}
1954 
1955 	options.num_identity_files = n_ids;
1956 	memcpy(options.identity_files, identity_files, sizeof(identity_files));
1957 	memcpy(options.identity_keys, identity_keys, sizeof(identity_keys));
1958 
1959 	options.num_certificate_files = n_certs;
1960 	memcpy(options.certificate_files,
1961 	    certificate_files, sizeof(certificate_files));
1962 	memcpy(options.certificates, certificates, sizeof(certificates));
1963 
1964 	explicit_bzero(pwname, strlen(pwname));
1965 	free(pwname);
1966 	explicit_bzero(pwdir, strlen(pwdir));
1967 	free(pwdir);
1968 }
1969 
1970 static void
1971 main_sigchld_handler(int sig)
1972 {
1973 	int save_errno = errno;
1974 	pid_t pid;
1975 	int status;
1976 
1977 	while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0 ||
1978 	    (pid < 0 && errno == EINTR))
1979 		;
1980 
1981 	signal(sig, main_sigchld_handler);
1982 	errno = save_errno;
1983 }
1984