xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/ssh.c (revision 5ad04d351680822078003e2b066cfc9680d6157d)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh.c,v 1.402 2014/04/29 18:01:49 markus Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Ssh client program.  This program can be used to log into a remote machine.
7  * The software supports strong authentication, encryption, and forwarding
8  * of X11, TCP/IP, and authentication connections.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  *
16  * Copyright (c) 1999 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
17  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
18  *
19  * Modified to work with SSL by Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
20  * in Canada (German citizen).
21  *
22  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
23  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
24  * are met:
25  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
26  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
27  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
29  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
30  *
31  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
32  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
33  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
34  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
35  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
36  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
37  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
38  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
39  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
40  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
41  */
42 
43 #include <sys/types.h>
44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/queue.h>
47 #include <sys/resource.h>
48 #include <sys/socket.h>
49 #include <sys/stat.h>
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 #include <sys/time.h>
52 #include <sys/wait.h>
53 
54 #include <ctype.h>
55 #include <errno.h>
56 #include <fcntl.h>
57 #include <netdb.h>
58 #include <paths.h>
59 #include <pwd.h>
60 #include <signal.h>
61 #include <stddef.h>
62 #include <stdio.h>
63 #include <stdlib.h>
64 #include <string.h>
65 #include <unistd.h>
66 
67 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
68 #include <openssl/evp.h>
69 #include <openssl/err.h>
70 #endif
71 
72 #include "xmalloc.h"
73 #include "ssh.h"
74 #include "ssh1.h"
75 #include "ssh2.h"
76 #include "canohost.h"
77 #include "compat.h"
78 #include "cipher.h"
79 #include "packet.h"
80 #include "buffer.h"
81 #include "channels.h"
82 #include "key.h"
83 #include "authfd.h"
84 #include "authfile.h"
85 #include "pathnames.h"
86 #include "dispatch.h"
87 #include "clientloop.h"
88 #include "log.h"
89 #include "readconf.h"
90 #include "sshconnect.h"
91 #include "misc.h"
92 #include "kex.h"
93 #include "mac.h"
94 #include "sshpty.h"
95 #include "match.h"
96 #include "msg.h"
97 #include "uidswap.h"
98 #include "roaming.h"
99 #include "version.h"
100 
101 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
102 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
103 #endif
104 
105 extern char *__progname;
106 
107 /* Flag indicating whether debug mode is on.  May be set on the command line. */
108 int debug_flag = 0;
109 
110 /* Flag indicating whether a tty should be requested */
111 int tty_flag = 0;
112 
113 /* don't exec a shell */
114 int no_shell_flag = 0;
115 
116 /*
117  * Flag indicating that nothing should be read from stdin.  This can be set
118  * on the command line.
119  */
120 int stdin_null_flag = 0;
121 
122 /*
123  * Flag indicating that the current process should be backgrounded and
124  * a new slave launched in the foreground for ControlPersist.
125  */
126 int need_controlpersist_detach = 0;
127 
128 /* Copies of flags for ControlPersist foreground slave */
129 int ostdin_null_flag, ono_shell_flag, otty_flag, orequest_tty;
130 
131 /*
132  * Flag indicating that ssh should fork after authentication.  This is useful
133  * so that the passphrase can be entered manually, and then ssh goes to the
134  * background.
135  */
136 int fork_after_authentication_flag = 0;
137 
138 /* forward stdio to remote host and port */
139 char *stdio_forward_host = NULL;
140 int stdio_forward_port = 0;
141 
142 /*
143  * General data structure for command line options and options configurable
144  * in configuration files.  See readconf.h.
145  */
146 Options options;
147 
148 /* optional user configfile */
149 char *config = NULL;
150 
151 /*
152  * Name of the host we are connecting to.  This is the name given on the
153  * command line, or the HostName specified for the user-supplied name in a
154  * configuration file.
155  */
156 char *host;
157 
158 /* socket address the host resolves to */
159 struct sockaddr_storage hostaddr;
160 
161 /* Private host keys. */
162 Sensitive sensitive_data;
163 
164 /* Original real UID. */
165 uid_t original_real_uid;
166 uid_t original_effective_uid;
167 
168 /* command to be executed */
169 Buffer command;
170 
171 /* Should we execute a command or invoke a subsystem? */
172 int subsystem_flag = 0;
173 
174 /* # of replies received for global requests */
175 static int remote_forward_confirms_received = 0;
176 
177 /* mux.c */
178 extern int muxserver_sock;
179 extern u_int muxclient_command;
180 
181 
182 /* Prints a help message to the user.  This function never returns. */
183 
184 static void
185 usage(void)
186 {
187 	fprintf(stderr,
188 "usage: ssh [-1246AaCfgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec]\n"
189 "           [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file] [-e escape_char]\n"
190 "           [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]\n"
191 "           [-L [bind_address:]port:host:hostport] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]\n"
192 "           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port]\n"
193 "           [-Q cipher | cipher-auth | mac | kex | key]\n"
194 "           [-R [bind_address:]port:host:hostport] [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port]\n"
195 "           [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]] [user@]hostname [command]\n"
196 	);
197 	exit(255);
198 }
199 
200 static int ssh_session(void);
201 static int ssh_session2(void);
202 static void load_public_identity_files(void);
203 static void main_sigchld_handler(int);
204 
205 /* from muxclient.c */
206 void muxclient(const char *);
207 void muxserver_listen(void);
208 
209 /* ~/ expand a list of paths. NB. assumes path[n] is heap-allocated. */
210 static void
211 tilde_expand_paths(char **paths, u_int num_paths)
212 {
213 	u_int i;
214 	char *cp;
215 
216 	for (i = 0; i < num_paths; i++) {
217 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(paths[i], original_real_uid);
218 		free(paths[i]);
219 		paths[i] = cp;
220 	}
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  * Attempt to resolve a host name / port to a set of addresses and
225  * optionally return any CNAMEs encountered along the way.
226  * Returns NULL on failure.
227  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
228  */
229 static struct addrinfo *
230 resolve_host(const char *name, int port, int logerr, char *cname, size_t clen)
231 {
232 	char strport[NI_MAXSERV];
233 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
234 	int gaierr, loglevel = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
235 
236 	if (port <= 0)
237 		port = default_ssh_port();
238 
239 	snprintf(strport, sizeof strport, "%u", port);
240 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
241 	hints.ai_family = options.address_family == -1 ?
242 	    AF_UNSPEC : options.address_family;
243 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
244 	if (cname != NULL)
245 		hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
246 	if ((gaierr = getaddrinfo(name, strport, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
247 		if (logerr || (gaierr != EAI_NONAME && gaierr != EAI_NODATA))
248 			loglevel = SYSLOG_LEVEL_ERROR;
249 		do_log2(loglevel, "%s: Could not resolve hostname %.100s: %s",
250 		    __progname, name, ssh_gai_strerror(gaierr));
251 		return NULL;
252 	}
253 	if (cname != NULL && res->ai_canonname != NULL) {
254 		if (strlcpy(cname, res->ai_canonname, clen) >= clen) {
255 			error("%s: host \"%s\" cname \"%s\" too long (max %lu)",
256 			    __func__, name,  res->ai_canonname, (u_long)clen);
257 			if (clen > 0)
258 				*cname = '\0';
259 		}
260 	}
261 	return res;
262 }
263 
264 /*
265  * Check whether the cname is a permitted replacement for the hostname
266  * and perform the replacement if it is.
267  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
268  */
269 static int
270 check_follow_cname(char **namep, const char *cname)
271 {
272 	int i;
273 	struct allowed_cname *rule;
274 
275 	if (*cname == '\0' || options.num_permitted_cnames == 0 ||
276 	    strcmp(*namep, cname) == 0)
277 		return 0;
278 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_NO)
279 		return 0;
280 	/*
281 	 * Don't attempt to canonicalize names that will be interpreted by
282 	 * a proxy unless the user specifically requests so.
283 	 */
284 	if (!option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command) &&
285 	    options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)
286 		return 0;
287 	debug3("%s: check \"%s\" CNAME \"%s\"", __func__, *namep, cname);
288 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_permitted_cnames; i++) {
289 		rule = options.permitted_cnames + i;
290 		if (match_pattern_list(*namep, rule->source_list,
291 		    strlen(rule->source_list), 1) != 1 ||
292 		    match_pattern_list(cname, rule->target_list,
293 		    strlen(rule->target_list), 1) != 1)
294 			continue;
295 		verbose("Canonicalized DNS aliased hostname "
296 		    "\"%s\" => \"%s\"", *namep, cname);
297 		free(*namep);
298 		*namep = xstrdup(cname);
299 		return 1;
300 	}
301 	return 0;
302 }
303 
304 /*
305  * Attempt to resolve the supplied hostname after applying the user's
306  * canonicalization rules. Returns the address list for the host or NULL
307  * if no name was found after canonicalization.
308  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
309  */
310 static struct addrinfo *
311 resolve_canonicalize(char **hostp, int port)
312 {
313 	int i, ndots;
314 	char *cp, *fullhost, cname_target[NI_MAXHOST];
315 	struct addrinfo *addrs;
316 
317 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_NO)
318 		return NULL;
319 
320 	/*
321 	 * Don't attempt to canonicalize names that will be interpreted by
322 	 * a proxy unless the user specifically requests so.
323 	 */
324 	if (!option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command) &&
325 	    options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)
326 		return NULL;
327 
328 	/* Don't apply canonicalization to sufficiently-qualified hostnames */
329 	ndots = 0;
330 	for (cp = *hostp; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
331 		if (*cp == '.')
332 			ndots++;
333 	}
334 	if (ndots > options.canonicalize_max_dots) {
335 		debug3("%s: not canonicalizing hostname \"%s\" (max dots %d)",
336 		    __func__, *hostp, options.canonicalize_max_dots);
337 		return NULL;
338 	}
339 	/* Attempt each supplied suffix */
340 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_canonical_domains; i++) {
341 		*cname_target = '\0';
342 		xasprintf(&fullhost, "%s.%s.", *hostp,
343 		    options.canonical_domains[i]);
344 		debug3("%s: attempting \"%s\" => \"%s\"", __func__,
345 		    *hostp, fullhost);
346 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(fullhost, port, 0,
347 		    cname_target, sizeof(cname_target))) == NULL) {
348 			free(fullhost);
349 			continue;
350 		}
351 		/* Remove trailing '.' */
352 		fullhost[strlen(fullhost) - 1] = '\0';
353 		/* Follow CNAME if requested */
354 		if (!check_follow_cname(&fullhost, cname_target)) {
355 			debug("Canonicalized hostname \"%s\" => \"%s\"",
356 			    *hostp, fullhost);
357 		}
358 		free(*hostp);
359 		*hostp = fullhost;
360 		return addrs;
361 	}
362 	if (!options.canonicalize_fallback_local)
363 		fatal("%s: Could not resolve host \"%s\"", __progname, *hostp);
364 	debug2("%s: host %s not found in any suffix", __func__, *hostp);
365 	return NULL;
366 }
367 
368 /*
369  * Read per-user configuration file.  Ignore the system wide config
370  * file if the user specifies a config file on the command line.
371  */
372 static void
373 process_config_files(struct passwd *pw)
374 {
375 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
376 	int r;
377 
378 	if (config != NULL) {
379 		if (strcasecmp(config, "none") != 0 &&
380 		    !read_config_file(config, pw, host, &options,
381 		    SSHCONF_USERCONF))
382 			fatal("Can't open user config file %.100s: "
383 			    "%.100s", config, strerror(errno));
384 	} else {
385 		r = snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir,
386 		    _PATH_SSH_USER_CONFFILE);
387 		if (r > 0 && (size_t)r < sizeof(buf))
388 			(void)read_config_file(buf, pw, host, &options,
389 			     SSHCONF_CHECKPERM|SSHCONF_USERCONF);
390 
391 		/* Read systemwide configuration file after user config. */
392 		(void)read_config_file(_PATH_HOST_CONFIG_FILE, pw, host,
393 		    &options, 0);
394 	}
395 }
396 
397 /*
398  * Main program for the ssh client.
399  */
400 int
401 main(int ac, char **av)
402 {
403 	int i, r, opt, exit_status, use_syslog;
404 	char *p, *cp, *line, *argv0, buf[MAXPATHLEN], *host_arg, *logfile;
405 	char thishost[NI_MAXHOST], shorthost[NI_MAXHOST], portstr[NI_MAXSERV];
406 	char cname[NI_MAXHOST];
407 	struct stat st;
408 	struct passwd *pw;
409 	int timeout_ms;
410 	extern int optind, optreset;
411 	extern char *optarg;
412 	Forward fwd;
413 	struct addrinfo *addrs = NULL;
414 
415 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
416 	sanitise_stdfd();
417 
418 	/*
419 	 * Discard other fds that are hanging around. These can cause problem
420 	 * with backgrounded ssh processes started by ControlPersist.
421 	 */
422 	closefrom(STDERR_FILENO + 1);
423 
424 	/*
425 	 * Save the original real uid.  It will be needed later (uid-swapping
426 	 * may clobber the real uid).
427 	 */
428 	original_real_uid = getuid();
429 	original_effective_uid = geteuid();
430 
431 	/*
432 	 * Use uid-swapping to give up root privileges for the duration of
433 	 * option processing.  We will re-instantiate the rights when we are
434 	 * ready to create the privileged port, and will permanently drop
435 	 * them when the port has been created (actually, when the connection
436 	 * has been made, as we may need to create the port several times).
437 	 */
438 	PRIV_END;
439 
440 	/* If we are installed setuid root be careful to not drop core. */
441 	if (original_real_uid != original_effective_uid) {
442 		struct rlimit rlim;
443 		rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 0;
444 		if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim) < 0)
445 			fatal("setrlimit failed: %.100s", strerror(errno));
446 	}
447 	/* Get user data. */
448 	pw = getpwuid(original_real_uid);
449 	if (!pw) {
450 		logit("No user exists for uid %lu", (u_long)original_real_uid);
451 		exit(255);
452 	}
453 	/* Take a copy of the returned structure. */
454 	pw = pwcopy(pw);
455 
456 	/*
457 	 * Set our umask to something reasonable, as some files are created
458 	 * with the default umask.  This will make them world-readable but
459 	 * writable only by the owner, which is ok for all files for which we
460 	 * don't set the modes explicitly.
461 	 */
462 	umask(022);
463 
464 	/*
465 	 * Initialize option structure to indicate that no values have been
466 	 * set.
467 	 */
468 	initialize_options(&options);
469 
470 	/* Parse command-line arguments. */
471 	host = NULL;
472 	use_syslog = 0;
473 	logfile = NULL;
474 	argv0 = av[0];
475 
476  again:
477 	while ((opt = getopt(ac, av, "1246ab:c:e:fgi:kl:m:no:p:qstvx"
478 	    "ACD:E:F:I:KL:MNO:PQ:R:S:TVw:W:XYy")) != -1) {
479 		switch (opt) {
480 		case '1':
481 			options.protocol = SSH_PROTO_1;
482 			break;
483 		case '2':
484 			options.protocol = SSH_PROTO_2;
485 			break;
486 		case '4':
487 			options.address_family = AF_INET;
488 			break;
489 		case '6':
490 			options.address_family = AF_INET6;
491 			break;
492 		case 'n':
493 			stdin_null_flag = 1;
494 			break;
495 		case 'f':
496 			fork_after_authentication_flag = 1;
497 			stdin_null_flag = 1;
498 			break;
499 		case 'x':
500 			options.forward_x11 = 0;
501 			break;
502 		case 'X':
503 			options.forward_x11 = 1;
504 			break;
505 		case 'y':
506 			use_syslog = 1;
507 			break;
508 		case 'E':
509 			logfile = xstrdup(optarg);
510 			break;
511 		case 'Y':
512 			options.forward_x11 = 1;
513 			options.forward_x11_trusted = 1;
514 			break;
515 		case 'g':
516 			options.gateway_ports = 1;
517 			break;
518 		case 'O':
519 			if (stdio_forward_host != NULL)
520 				fatal("Cannot specify multiplexing "
521 				    "command with -W");
522 			else if (muxclient_command != 0)
523 				fatal("Multiplexing command already specified");
524 			if (strcmp(optarg, "check") == 0)
525 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_ALIVE_CHECK;
526 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "forward") == 0)
527 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_FORWARD;
528 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "exit") == 0)
529 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_TERMINATE;
530 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "stop") == 0)
531 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_STOP;
532 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "cancel") == 0)
533 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_CANCEL_FWD;
534 			else
535 				fatal("Invalid multiplex command.");
536 			break;
537 		case 'P':	/* deprecated */
538 			options.use_privileged_port = 0;
539 			break;
540 		case 'Q':
541 			cp = NULL;
542 			if (strcmp(optarg, "cipher") == 0)
543 				cp = cipher_alg_list('\n', 0);
544 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "cipher-auth") == 0)
545 				cp = cipher_alg_list('\n', 1);
546 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "mac") == 0)
547 				cp = mac_alg_list('\n');
548 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "kex") == 0)
549 				cp = kex_alg_list('\n');
550 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key") == 0)
551 				cp = key_alg_list(0, 0);
552 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key-cert") == 0)
553 				cp = key_alg_list(1, 0);
554 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key-plain") == 0)
555 				cp = key_alg_list(0, 1);
556 			if (cp == NULL)
557 				fatal("Unsupported query \"%s\"", optarg);
558 			printf("%s\n", cp);
559 			free(cp);
560 			exit(0);
561 			break;
562 		case 'a':
563 			options.forward_agent = 0;
564 			break;
565 		case 'A':
566 			options.forward_agent = 1;
567 			break;
568 		case 'k':
569 			options.gss_deleg_creds = 0;
570 			break;
571 		case 'K':
572 			options.gss_authentication = 1;
573 			options.gss_deleg_creds = 1;
574 			break;
575 		case 'i':
576 			if (stat(optarg, &st) < 0) {
577 				fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Identity file %s "
578 				    "not accessible: %s.\n", optarg,
579 				    strerror(errno));
580 				break;
581 			}
582 			add_identity_file(&options, NULL, optarg, 1);
583 			break;
584 		case 'I':
585 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
586 			options.pkcs11_provider = xstrdup(optarg);
587 #else
588 			fprintf(stderr, "no support for PKCS#11.\n");
589 #endif
590 			break;
591 		case 't':
592 			if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_YES)
593 				options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_FORCE;
594 			else
595 				options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_YES;
596 			break;
597 		case 'v':
598 			if (debug_flag == 0) {
599 				debug_flag = 1;
600 				options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
601 			} else {
602 				if (options.log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
603 					options.log_level++;
604 			}
605 			break;
606 		case 'V':
607 			fprintf(stderr, "%s, %s\n",
608 			    SSH_VERSION,
609 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
610 			    SSLeay_version(SSLEAY_VERSION)
611 #else
612 			    "without OpenSSL"
613 #endif
614 			);
615 			if (opt == 'V')
616 				exit(0);
617 			break;
618 		case 'w':
619 			if (options.tun_open == -1)
620 				options.tun_open = SSH_TUNMODE_DEFAULT;
621 			options.tun_local = a2tun(optarg, &options.tun_remote);
622 			if (options.tun_local == SSH_TUNID_ERR) {
623 				fprintf(stderr,
624 				    "Bad tun device '%s'\n", optarg);
625 				exit(255);
626 			}
627 			break;
628 		case 'W':
629 			if (stdio_forward_host != NULL)
630 				fatal("stdio forward already specified");
631 			if (muxclient_command != 0)
632 				fatal("Cannot specify stdio forward with -O");
633 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 1, 0)) {
634 				stdio_forward_host = fwd.listen_host;
635 				stdio_forward_port = fwd.listen_port;
636 				free(fwd.connect_host);
637 			} else {
638 				fprintf(stderr,
639 				    "Bad stdio forwarding specification '%s'\n",
640 				    optarg);
641 				exit(255);
642 			}
643 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
644 			no_shell_flag = 1;
645 			options.clear_forwardings = 1;
646 			options.exit_on_forward_failure = 1;
647 			break;
648 		case 'q':
649 			options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_QUIET;
650 			break;
651 		case 'e':
652 			if (optarg[0] == '^' && optarg[2] == 0 &&
653 			    (u_char) optarg[1] >= 64 &&
654 			    (u_char) optarg[1] < 128)
655 				options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[1] & 31;
656 			else if (strlen(optarg) == 1)
657 				options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[0];
658 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "none") == 0)
659 				options.escape_char = SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE;
660 			else {
661 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad escape character '%s'.\n",
662 				    optarg);
663 				exit(255);
664 			}
665 			break;
666 		case 'c':
667 			if (ciphers_valid(optarg)) {
668 				/* SSH2 only */
669 				options.ciphers = xstrdup(optarg);
670 				options.cipher = SSH_CIPHER_INVALID;
671 			} else {
672 				/* SSH1 only */
673 				options.cipher = cipher_number(optarg);
674 				if (options.cipher == -1) {
675 					fprintf(stderr,
676 					    "Unknown cipher type '%s'\n",
677 					    optarg);
678 					exit(255);
679 				}
680 				if (options.cipher == SSH_CIPHER_3DES)
681 					options.ciphers = "3des-cbc";
682 				else if (options.cipher == SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH)
683 					options.ciphers = "blowfish-cbc";
684 				else
685 					options.ciphers = (char *)-1;
686 			}
687 			break;
688 		case 'm':
689 			if (mac_valid(optarg))
690 				options.macs = xstrdup(optarg);
691 			else {
692 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown mac type '%s'\n",
693 				    optarg);
694 				exit(255);
695 			}
696 			break;
697 		case 'M':
698 			if (options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_YES)
699 				options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_ASK;
700 			else
701 				options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_YES;
702 			break;
703 		case 'p':
704 			options.port = a2port(optarg);
705 			if (options.port <= 0) {
706 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad port '%s'\n", optarg);
707 				exit(255);
708 			}
709 			break;
710 		case 'l':
711 			options.user = optarg;
712 			break;
713 
714 		case 'L':
715 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 0, 0))
716 				add_local_forward(&options, &fwd);
717 			else {
718 				fprintf(stderr,
719 				    "Bad local forwarding specification '%s'\n",
720 				    optarg);
721 				exit(255);
722 			}
723 			break;
724 
725 		case 'R':
726 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 0, 1)) {
727 				add_remote_forward(&options, &fwd);
728 			} else {
729 				fprintf(stderr,
730 				    "Bad remote forwarding specification "
731 				    "'%s'\n", optarg);
732 				exit(255);
733 			}
734 			break;
735 
736 		case 'D':
737 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 1, 0)) {
738 				add_local_forward(&options, &fwd);
739 			} else {
740 				fprintf(stderr,
741 				    "Bad dynamic forwarding specification "
742 				    "'%s'\n", optarg);
743 				exit(255);
744 			}
745 			break;
746 
747 		case 'C':
748 			options.compression = 1;
749 			break;
750 		case 'N':
751 			no_shell_flag = 1;
752 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
753 			break;
754 		case 'T':
755 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
756 			break;
757 		case 'o':
758 			line = xstrdup(optarg);
759 			if (process_config_line(&options, pw, host ? host : "",
760 			    line, "command-line", 0, NULL, SSHCONF_USERCONF)
761 			    != 0)
762 				exit(255);
763 			free(line);
764 			break;
765 		case 's':
766 			subsystem_flag = 1;
767 			break;
768 		case 'S':
769 			if (options.control_path != NULL)
770 				free(options.control_path);
771 			options.control_path = xstrdup(optarg);
772 			break;
773 		case 'b':
774 			options.bind_address = optarg;
775 			break;
776 		case 'F':
777 			config = optarg;
778 			break;
779 		default:
780 			usage();
781 		}
782 	}
783 
784 	ac -= optind;
785 	av += optind;
786 
787 	if (ac > 0 && !host) {
788 		if (strrchr(*av, '@')) {
789 			p = xstrdup(*av);
790 			cp = strrchr(p, '@');
791 			if (cp == NULL || cp == p)
792 				usage();
793 			options.user = p;
794 			*cp = '\0';
795 			host = xstrdup(++cp);
796 		} else
797 			host = xstrdup(*av);
798 		if (ac > 1) {
799 			optind = optreset = 1;
800 			goto again;
801 		}
802 		ac--, av++;
803 	}
804 
805 	/* Check that we got a host name. */
806 	if (!host)
807 		usage();
808 
809 	host_arg = xstrdup(host);
810 
811 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
812 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
813 	ERR_load_crypto_strings();
814 #endif
815 
816 	/* Initialize the command to execute on remote host. */
817 	buffer_init(&command);
818 
819 	/*
820 	 * Save the command to execute on the remote host in a buffer. There
821 	 * is no limit on the length of the command, except by the maximum
822 	 * packet size.  Also sets the tty flag if there is no command.
823 	 */
824 	if (!ac) {
825 		/* No command specified - execute shell on a tty. */
826 		if (subsystem_flag) {
827 			fprintf(stderr,
828 			    "You must specify a subsystem to invoke.\n");
829 			usage();
830 		}
831 	} else {
832 		/* A command has been specified.  Store it into the buffer. */
833 		for (i = 0; i < ac; i++) {
834 			if (i)
835 				buffer_append(&command, " ", 1);
836 			buffer_append(&command, av[i], strlen(av[i]));
837 		}
838 	}
839 
840 	/* Cannot fork to background if no command. */
841 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag && buffer_len(&command) == 0 &&
842 	    !no_shell_flag)
843 		fatal("Cannot fork into background without a command "
844 		    "to execute.");
845 
846 	/*
847 	 * Initialize "log" output.  Since we are the client all output
848 	 * goes to stderr unless otherwise specified by -y or -E.
849 	 */
850 	if (use_syslog && logfile != NULL)
851 		fatal("Can't specify both -y and -E");
852 	if (logfile != NULL) {
853 		log_redirect_stderr_to(logfile);
854 		free(logfile);
855 	}
856 	log_init(argv0,
857 	    options.log_level == -1 ? SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : options.log_level,
858 	    SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, !use_syslog);
859 
860 	if (debug_flag)
861 		logit("%s, %s", SSH_VERSION,
862 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
863 		    SSLeay_version(SSLEAY_VERSION)
864 #else
865 		    "without OpenSSL"
866 #endif
867 		);
868 
869 	/* Parse the configuration files */
870 	process_config_files(pw);
871 
872 	/* Hostname canonicalisation needs a few options filled. */
873 	fill_default_options_for_canonicalization(&options);
874 
875 	/* If the user has replaced the hostname then take it into use now */
876 	if (options.hostname != NULL) {
877 		/* NB. Please keep in sync with readconf.c:match_cfg_line() */
878 		cp = percent_expand(options.hostname,
879 		    "h", host, (char *)NULL);
880 		free(host);
881 		host = cp;
882 	}
883 
884 	/* If canonicalization requested then try to apply it */
885 	lowercase(host);
886 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_NO)
887 		addrs = resolve_canonicalize(&host, options.port);
888 
889 	/*
890 	 * If CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs have been specified but
891 	 * other canonicalization did not happen (by not being requested
892 	 * or by failing with fallback) then the hostname may still be changed
893 	 * as a result of CNAME following.
894 	 *
895 	 * Try to resolve the bare hostname name using the system resolver's
896 	 * usual search rules and then apply the CNAME follow rules.
897 	 *
898 	 * Skip the lookup if a ProxyCommand is being used unless the user
899 	 * has specifically requested canonicalisation for this case via
900 	 * CanonicalizeHostname=always
901 	 */
902 	if (addrs == NULL && options.num_permitted_cnames != 0 &&
903 	    (option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command) ||
904             options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)) {
905 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(host, options.port, 1,
906 		    cname, sizeof(cname))) == NULL)
907 			cleanup_exit(255); /* resolve_host logs the error */
908 		check_follow_cname(&host, cname);
909 	}
910 
911 	/*
912 	 * If the target hostname has changed as a result of canonicalisation
913 	 * then re-parse the configuration files as new stanzas may match.
914 	 */
915 	if (strcasecmp(host_arg, host) != 0) {
916 		debug("Hostname has changed; re-reading configuration");
917 		process_config_files(pw);
918 	}
919 
920 	/* Fill configuration defaults. */
921 	fill_default_options(&options);
922 
923 	if (options.port == 0)
924 		options.port = default_ssh_port();
925 	channel_set_af(options.address_family);
926 
927 	/* Tidy and check options */
928 	if (options.host_key_alias != NULL)
929 		lowercase(options.host_key_alias);
930 	if (options.proxy_command != NULL &&
931 	    strcmp(options.proxy_command, "-") == 0 &&
932 	    options.proxy_use_fdpass)
933 		fatal("ProxyCommand=- and ProxyUseFDPass are incompatible");
934 	if (original_effective_uid != 0)
935 		options.use_privileged_port = 0;
936 
937 	/* reinit */
938 	log_init(argv0, options.log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, !use_syslog);
939 
940 	if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_YES ||
941 	    options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_FORCE)
942 		tty_flag = 1;
943 
944 	/* Allocate a tty by default if no command specified. */
945 	if (buffer_len(&command) == 0)
946 		tty_flag = options.request_tty != REQUEST_TTY_NO;
947 
948 	/* Force no tty */
949 	if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_NO || muxclient_command != 0)
950 		tty_flag = 0;
951 	/* Do not allocate a tty if stdin is not a tty. */
952 	if ((!isatty(fileno(stdin)) || stdin_null_flag) &&
953 	    options.request_tty != REQUEST_TTY_FORCE) {
954 		if (tty_flag)
955 			logit("Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because "
956 			    "stdin is not a terminal.");
957 		tty_flag = 0;
958 	}
959 
960 	if (options.user == NULL)
961 		options.user = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
962 
963 	if (gethostname(thishost, sizeof(thishost)) == -1)
964 		fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno));
965 	strlcpy(shorthost, thishost, sizeof(shorthost));
966 	shorthost[strcspn(thishost, ".")] = '\0';
967 	snprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), "%d", options.port);
968 
969 	if (options.local_command != NULL) {
970 		debug3("expanding LocalCommand: %s", options.local_command);
971 		cp = options.local_command;
972 		options.local_command = percent_expand(cp, "d", pw->pw_dir,
973 		    "h", host, "l", thishost, "n", host_arg, "r", options.user,
974 		    "p", portstr, "u", pw->pw_name, "L", shorthost,
975 		    (char *)NULL);
976 		debug3("expanded LocalCommand: %s", options.local_command);
977 		free(cp);
978 	}
979 
980 	if (options.control_path != NULL) {
981 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.control_path,
982 		    original_real_uid);
983 		free(options.control_path);
984 		options.control_path = percent_expand(cp, "h", host,
985 		    "l", thishost, "n", host_arg, "r", options.user,
986 		    "p", portstr, "u", pw->pw_name, "L", shorthost,
987 		    (char *)NULL);
988 		free(cp);
989 	}
990 	if (muxclient_command != 0 && options.control_path == NULL)
991 		fatal("No ControlPath specified for \"-O\" command");
992 	if (options.control_path != NULL)
993 		muxclient(options.control_path);
994 
995 	/*
996 	 * If hostname canonicalisation was not enabled, then we may not
997 	 * have yet resolved the hostname. Do so now.
998 	 */
999 	if (addrs == NULL && options.proxy_command == NULL) {
1000 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(host, options.port, 1,
1001 		    cname, sizeof(cname))) == NULL)
1002 			cleanup_exit(255); /* resolve_host logs the error */
1003 	}
1004 
1005 	timeout_ms = options.connection_timeout * 1000;
1006 
1007 	/* Open a connection to the remote host. */
1008 	if (ssh_connect(host, addrs, &hostaddr, options.port,
1009 	    options.address_family, options.connection_attempts,
1010 	    &timeout_ms, options.tcp_keep_alive,
1011 	    options.use_privileged_port) != 0)
1012 		exit(255);
1013 
1014 	if (addrs != NULL)
1015 		freeaddrinfo(addrs);
1016 
1017 	packet_set_timeout(options.server_alive_interval,
1018 	    options.server_alive_count_max);
1019 
1020 	if (timeout_ms > 0)
1021 		debug3("timeout: %d ms remain after connect", timeout_ms);
1022 
1023 	/*
1024 	 * If we successfully made the connection, load the host private key
1025 	 * in case we will need it later for combined rsa-rhosts
1026 	 * authentication. This must be done before releasing extra
1027 	 * privileges, because the file is only readable by root.
1028 	 * If we cannot access the private keys, load the public keys
1029 	 * instead and try to execute the ssh-keysign helper instead.
1030 	 */
1031 	sensitive_data.nkeys = 0;
1032 	sensitive_data.keys = NULL;
1033 	sensitive_data.external_keysign = 0;
1034 	if (options.rhosts_rsa_authentication ||
1035 	    options.hostbased_authentication) {
1036 		sensitive_data.nkeys = 9;
1037 		sensitive_data.keys = xcalloc(sensitive_data.nkeys,
1038 		    sizeof(Key));
1039 
1040 		PRIV_START;
1041 		sensitive_data.keys[0] = key_load_private_type(KEY_RSA1,
1042 		    _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1043 		sensitive_data.keys[1] = key_load_private_cert(KEY_DSA,
1044 		    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
1045 		sensitive_data.keys[2] = key_load_private_cert(KEY_ECDSA,
1046 		    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
1047 		sensitive_data.keys[3] = key_load_private_cert(KEY_RSA,
1048 		    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
1049 		sensitive_data.keys[4] = key_load_private_cert(KEY_ED25519,
1050 		    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, "", NULL);
1051 		sensitive_data.keys[5] = key_load_private_type(KEY_DSA,
1052 		    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1053 		sensitive_data.keys[6] = key_load_private_type(KEY_ECDSA,
1054 		    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1055 		sensitive_data.keys[7] = key_load_private_type(KEY_RSA,
1056 		    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1057 		sensitive_data.keys[8] = key_load_private_type(KEY_ED25519,
1058 		    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
1059 		PRIV_END;
1060 
1061 		if (options.hostbased_authentication == 1 &&
1062 		    sensitive_data.keys[0] == NULL &&
1063 		    sensitive_data.keys[5] == NULL &&
1064 		    sensitive_data.keys[6] == NULL &&
1065 		    sensitive_data.keys[7] == NULL &&
1066 		    sensitive_data.keys[8] == NULL) {
1067 			sensitive_data.keys[1] = key_load_cert(
1068 			    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE);
1069 			sensitive_data.keys[2] = key_load_cert(
1070 			    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE);
1071 			sensitive_data.keys[3] = key_load_cert(
1072 			    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE);
1073 			sensitive_data.keys[4] = key_load_cert(
1074 			    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE);
1075 			sensitive_data.keys[5] = key_load_public(
1076 			    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
1077 			sensitive_data.keys[6] = key_load_public(
1078 			    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
1079 			sensitive_data.keys[7] = key_load_public(
1080 			    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
1081 			sensitive_data.keys[8] = key_load_public(
1082 			    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, NULL);
1083 			sensitive_data.external_keysign = 1;
1084 		}
1085 	}
1086 	/*
1087 	 * Get rid of any extra privileges that we may have.  We will no
1088 	 * longer need them.  Also, extra privileges could make it very hard
1089 	 * to read identity files and other non-world-readable files from the
1090 	 * user's home directory if it happens to be on a NFS volume where
1091 	 * root is mapped to nobody.
1092 	 */
1093 	if (original_effective_uid == 0) {
1094 		PRIV_START;
1095 		permanently_set_uid(pw);
1096 	}
1097 
1098 	/*
1099 	 * Now that we are back to our own permissions, create ~/.ssh
1100 	 * directory if it doesn't already exist.
1101 	 */
1102 	if (config == NULL) {
1103 		r = snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s%s%s", pw->pw_dir,
1104 		    strcmp(pw->pw_dir, "/") ? "/" : "", _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
1105 		if (r > 0 && (size_t)r < sizeof(buf) && stat(buf, &st) < 0)
1106 			if (mkdir(buf, 0700) < 0)
1107 				error("Could not create directory '%.200s'.",
1108 				    buf);
1109 	}
1110 
1111 	/* load options.identity_files */
1112 	load_public_identity_files();
1113 
1114 	/* Expand ~ in known host file names. */
1115 	tilde_expand_paths(options.system_hostfiles,
1116 	    options.num_system_hostfiles);
1117 	tilde_expand_paths(options.user_hostfiles, options.num_user_hostfiles);
1118 
1119 	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); /* ignore SIGPIPE early */
1120 	signal(SIGCHLD, main_sigchld_handler);
1121 
1122 	/* Log into the remote system.  Never returns if the login fails. */
1123 	ssh_login(&sensitive_data, host, (struct sockaddr *)&hostaddr,
1124 	    options.port, pw, timeout_ms);
1125 
1126 	if (packet_connection_is_on_socket()) {
1127 		verbose("Authenticated to %s ([%s]:%d).", host,
1128 		    get_remote_ipaddr(), get_remote_port());
1129 	} else {
1130 		verbose("Authenticated to %s (via proxy).", host);
1131 	}
1132 
1133 	/* We no longer need the private host keys.  Clear them now. */
1134 	if (sensitive_data.nkeys != 0) {
1135 		for (i = 0; i < sensitive_data.nkeys; i++) {
1136 			if (sensitive_data.keys[i] != NULL) {
1137 				/* Destroys contents safely */
1138 				debug3("clear hostkey %d", i);
1139 				key_free(sensitive_data.keys[i]);
1140 				sensitive_data.keys[i] = NULL;
1141 			}
1142 		}
1143 		free(sensitive_data.keys);
1144 	}
1145 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1146 		free(options.identity_files[i]);
1147 		options.identity_files[i] = NULL;
1148 		if (options.identity_keys[i]) {
1149 			key_free(options.identity_keys[i]);
1150 			options.identity_keys[i] = NULL;
1151 		}
1152 	}
1153 
1154 	exit_status = compat20 ? ssh_session2() : ssh_session();
1155 	packet_close();
1156 
1157 	if (options.control_path != NULL && muxserver_sock != -1)
1158 		unlink(options.control_path);
1159 
1160 	/* Kill ProxyCommand if it is running. */
1161 	ssh_kill_proxy_command();
1162 
1163 	return exit_status;
1164 }
1165 
1166 static void
1167 control_persist_detach(void)
1168 {
1169 	pid_t pid;
1170 	int devnull;
1171 
1172 	debug("%s: backgrounding master process", __func__);
1173 
1174  	/*
1175  	 * master (current process) into the background, and make the
1176  	 * foreground process a client of the backgrounded master.
1177  	 */
1178 	switch ((pid = fork())) {
1179 	case -1:
1180 		fatal("%s: fork: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1181 	case 0:
1182 		/* Child: master process continues mainloop */
1183  		break;
1184  	default:
1185 		/* Parent: set up mux slave to connect to backgrounded master */
1186 		debug2("%s: background process is %ld", __func__, (long)pid);
1187 		stdin_null_flag = ostdin_null_flag;
1188 		options.request_tty = orequest_tty;
1189 		tty_flag = otty_flag;
1190  		close(muxserver_sock);
1191  		muxserver_sock = -1;
1192 		options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_NO;
1193  		muxclient(options.control_path);
1194 		/* muxclient() doesn't return on success. */
1195  		fatal("Failed to connect to new control master");
1196  	}
1197 	if ((devnull = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
1198 		error("%s: open(\"/dev/null\"): %s", __func__,
1199 		    strerror(errno));
1200 	} else {
1201 		if (dup2(devnull, STDIN_FILENO) == -1 ||
1202 		    dup2(devnull, STDOUT_FILENO) == -1)
1203 			error("%s: dup2: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1204 		if (devnull > STDERR_FILENO)
1205 			close(devnull);
1206 	}
1207 	daemon(1, 1);
1208 	setproctitle("%s [mux]", options.control_path);
1209 }
1210 
1211 /* Do fork() after authentication. Used by "ssh -f" */
1212 static void
1213 fork_postauth(void)
1214 {
1215 	if (need_controlpersist_detach)
1216 		control_persist_detach();
1217 	debug("forking to background");
1218 	fork_after_authentication_flag = 0;
1219 	if (daemon(1, 1) < 0)
1220 		fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1221 }
1222 
1223 /* Callback for remote forward global requests */
1224 static void
1225 ssh_confirm_remote_forward(int type, u_int32_t seq, void *ctxt)
1226 {
1227 	Forward *rfwd = (Forward *)ctxt;
1228 
1229 	/* XXX verbose() on failure? */
1230 	debug("remote forward %s for: listen %d, connect %s:%d",
1231 	    type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS ? "success" : "failure",
1232 	    rfwd->listen_port, rfwd->connect_host, rfwd->connect_port);
1233 	if (rfwd->listen_port == 0) {
1234 		if (type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS) {
1235 			rfwd->allocated_port = packet_get_int();
1236 			logit("Allocated port %u for remote forward to %s:%d",
1237 			    rfwd->allocated_port,
1238 			    rfwd->connect_host, rfwd->connect_port);
1239 			channel_update_permitted_opens(rfwd->handle,
1240 			    rfwd->allocated_port);
1241 		} else {
1242 			channel_update_permitted_opens(rfwd->handle, -1);
1243 		}
1244 	}
1245 
1246 	if (type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE) {
1247 		if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1248 			fatal("Error: remote port forwarding failed for "
1249 			    "listen port %d", rfwd->listen_port);
1250 		else
1251 			logit("Warning: remote port forwarding failed for "
1252 			    "listen port %d", rfwd->listen_port);
1253 	}
1254 	if (++remote_forward_confirms_received == options.num_remote_forwards) {
1255 		debug("All remote forwarding requests processed");
1256 		if (fork_after_authentication_flag)
1257 			fork_postauth();
1258 	}
1259 }
1260 
1261 static void
1262 client_cleanup_stdio_fwd(int id, void *arg)
1263 {
1264 	debug("stdio forwarding: done");
1265 	cleanup_exit(0);
1266 }
1267 
1268 static void
1269 ssh_init_stdio_forwarding(void)
1270 {
1271 	Channel *c;
1272 	int in, out;
1273 
1274 	if (stdio_forward_host == NULL)
1275 		return;
1276 	if (!compat20)
1277 		fatal("stdio forwarding require Protocol 2");
1278 
1279 	debug3("%s: %s:%d", __func__, stdio_forward_host, stdio_forward_port);
1280 
1281 	if ((in = dup(STDIN_FILENO)) < 0 ||
1282 	    (out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO)) < 0)
1283 		fatal("channel_connect_stdio_fwd: dup() in/out failed");
1284 	if ((c = channel_connect_stdio_fwd(stdio_forward_host,
1285 	    stdio_forward_port, in, out)) == NULL)
1286 		fatal("%s: channel_connect_stdio_fwd failed", __func__);
1287 	channel_register_cleanup(c->self, client_cleanup_stdio_fwd, 0);
1288 }
1289 
1290 static void
1291 ssh_init_forwarding(void)
1292 {
1293 	int success = 0;
1294 	int i;
1295 
1296 	/* Initiate local TCP/IP port forwardings. */
1297 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_local_forwards; i++) {
1298 		debug("Local connections to %.200s:%d forwarded to remote "
1299 		    "address %.200s:%d",
1300 		    (options.local_forwards[i].listen_host == NULL) ?
1301 		    (options.gateway_ports ? "*" : "LOCALHOST") :
1302 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_host,
1303 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_port,
1304 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_host,
1305 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_port);
1306 		success += channel_setup_local_fwd_listener(
1307 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_host,
1308 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_port,
1309 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_host,
1310 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_port,
1311 		    options.gateway_ports);
1312 	}
1313 	if (i > 0 && success != i && options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1314 		fatal("Could not request local forwarding.");
1315 	if (i > 0 && success == 0)
1316 		error("Could not request local forwarding.");
1317 
1318 	/* Initiate remote TCP/IP port forwardings. */
1319 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_remote_forwards; i++) {
1320 		debug("Remote connections from %.200s:%d forwarded to "
1321 		    "local address %.200s:%d",
1322 		    (options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host == NULL) ?
1323 		    "LOCALHOST" : options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host,
1324 		    options.remote_forwards[i].listen_port,
1325 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_host,
1326 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_port);
1327 		options.remote_forwards[i].handle =
1328 		    channel_request_remote_forwarding(
1329 		    options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host,
1330 		    options.remote_forwards[i].listen_port,
1331 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_host,
1332 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_port);
1333 		if (options.remote_forwards[i].handle < 0) {
1334 			if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1335 				fatal("Could not request remote forwarding.");
1336 			else
1337 				logit("Warning: Could not request remote "
1338 				    "forwarding.");
1339 		} else {
1340 			client_register_global_confirm(ssh_confirm_remote_forward,
1341 			    &options.remote_forwards[i]);
1342 		}
1343 	}
1344 
1345 	/* Initiate tunnel forwarding. */
1346 	if (options.tun_open != SSH_TUNMODE_NO) {
1347 		if (client_request_tun_fwd(options.tun_open,
1348 		    options.tun_local, options.tun_remote) == -1) {
1349 			if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1350 				fatal("Could not request tunnel forwarding.");
1351 			else
1352 				error("Could not request tunnel forwarding.");
1353 		}
1354 	}
1355 }
1356 
1357 static void
1358 check_agent_present(void)
1359 {
1360 	if (options.forward_agent) {
1361 		/* Clear agent forwarding if we don't have an agent. */
1362 		if (!ssh_agent_present())
1363 			options.forward_agent = 0;
1364 	}
1365 }
1366 
1367 static int
1368 ssh_session(void)
1369 {
1370 	int type;
1371 	int interactive = 0;
1372 	int have_tty = 0;
1373 	struct winsize ws;
1374 	char *cp;
1375 	const char *display;
1376 
1377 	/* Enable compression if requested. */
1378 	if (options.compression) {
1379 		debug("Requesting compression at level %d.",
1380 		    options.compression_level);
1381 
1382 		if (options.compression_level < 1 ||
1383 		    options.compression_level > 9)
1384 			fatal("Compression level must be from 1 (fast) to "
1385 			    "9 (slow, best).");
1386 
1387 		/* Send the request. */
1388 		packet_start(SSH_CMSG_REQUEST_COMPRESSION);
1389 		packet_put_int(options.compression_level);
1390 		packet_send();
1391 		packet_write_wait();
1392 		type = packet_read();
1393 		if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS)
1394 			packet_start_compression(options.compression_level);
1395 		else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE)
1396 			logit("Warning: Remote host refused compression.");
1397 		else
1398 			packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for "
1399 			    "compression response.");
1400 	}
1401 	/* Allocate a pseudo tty if appropriate. */
1402 	if (tty_flag) {
1403 		debug("Requesting pty.");
1404 
1405 		/* Start the packet. */
1406 		packet_start(SSH_CMSG_REQUEST_PTY);
1407 
1408 		/* Store TERM in the packet.  There is no limit on the
1409 		   length of the string. */
1410 		cp = getenv("TERM");
1411 		if (!cp)
1412 			cp = "";
1413 		packet_put_cstring(cp);
1414 
1415 		/* Store window size in the packet. */
1416 		if (ioctl(fileno(stdin), TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
1417 			memset(&ws, 0, sizeof(ws));
1418 		packet_put_int((u_int)ws.ws_row);
1419 		packet_put_int((u_int)ws.ws_col);
1420 		packet_put_int((u_int)ws.ws_xpixel);
1421 		packet_put_int((u_int)ws.ws_ypixel);
1422 
1423 		/* Store tty modes in the packet. */
1424 		tty_make_modes(fileno(stdin), NULL);
1425 
1426 		/* Send the packet, and wait for it to leave. */
1427 		packet_send();
1428 		packet_write_wait();
1429 
1430 		/* Read response from the server. */
1431 		type = packet_read();
1432 		if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
1433 			interactive = 1;
1434 			have_tty = 1;
1435 		} else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE)
1436 			logit("Warning: Remote host failed or refused to "
1437 			    "allocate a pseudo tty.");
1438 		else
1439 			packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for pty "
1440 			    "request response.");
1441 	}
1442 	/* Request X11 forwarding if enabled and DISPLAY is set. */
1443 	display = getenv("DISPLAY");
1444 	if (options.forward_x11 && display != NULL) {
1445 		char *proto, *data;
1446 		/* Get reasonable local authentication information. */
1447 		client_x11_get_proto(display, options.xauth_location,
1448 		    options.forward_x11_trusted,
1449 		    options.forward_x11_timeout,
1450 		    &proto, &data);
1451 		/* Request forwarding with authentication spoofing. */
1452 		debug("Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication "
1453 		    "spoofing.");
1454 		x11_request_forwarding_with_spoofing(0, display, proto,
1455 		    data, 0);
1456 		/* Read response from the server. */
1457 		type = packet_read();
1458 		if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
1459 			interactive = 1;
1460 		} else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE) {
1461 			logit("Warning: Remote host denied X11 forwarding.");
1462 		} else {
1463 			packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for X11 "
1464 			    "forwarding");
1465 		}
1466 	}
1467 	/* Tell the packet module whether this is an interactive session. */
1468 	packet_set_interactive(interactive,
1469 	    options.ip_qos_interactive, options.ip_qos_bulk);
1470 
1471 	/* Request authentication agent forwarding if appropriate. */
1472 	check_agent_present();
1473 
1474 	if (options.forward_agent) {
1475 		debug("Requesting authentication agent forwarding.");
1476 		auth_request_forwarding();
1477 
1478 		/* Read response from the server. */
1479 		type = packet_read();
1480 		packet_check_eom();
1481 		if (type != SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS)
1482 			logit("Warning: Remote host denied authentication agent forwarding.");
1483 	}
1484 
1485 	/* Initiate port forwardings. */
1486 	ssh_init_stdio_forwarding();
1487 	ssh_init_forwarding();
1488 
1489 	/* Execute a local command */
1490 	if (options.local_command != NULL &&
1491 	    options.permit_local_command)
1492 		ssh_local_cmd(options.local_command);
1493 
1494 	/*
1495 	 * If requested and we are not interested in replies to remote
1496 	 * forwarding requests, then let ssh continue in the background.
1497 	 */
1498 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag) {
1499 		if (options.exit_on_forward_failure &&
1500 		    options.num_remote_forwards > 0) {
1501 			debug("deferring postauth fork until remote forward "
1502 			    "confirmation received");
1503 		} else
1504 			fork_postauth();
1505 	}
1506 
1507 	/*
1508 	 * If a command was specified on the command line, execute the
1509 	 * command now. Otherwise request the server to start a shell.
1510 	 */
1511 	if (buffer_len(&command) > 0) {
1512 		int len = buffer_len(&command);
1513 		if (len > 900)
1514 			len = 900;
1515 		debug("Sending command: %.*s", len,
1516 		    (u_char *)buffer_ptr(&command));
1517 		packet_start(SSH_CMSG_EXEC_CMD);
1518 		packet_put_string(buffer_ptr(&command), buffer_len(&command));
1519 		packet_send();
1520 		packet_write_wait();
1521 	} else {
1522 		debug("Requesting shell.");
1523 		packet_start(SSH_CMSG_EXEC_SHELL);
1524 		packet_send();
1525 		packet_write_wait();
1526 	}
1527 
1528 	/* Enter the interactive session. */
1529 	return client_loop(have_tty, tty_flag ?
1530 	    options.escape_char : SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE, 0);
1531 }
1532 
1533 /* request pty/x11/agent/tcpfwd/shell for channel */
1534 static void
1535 ssh_session2_setup(int id, int success, void *arg)
1536 {
1537 	extern char **environ;
1538 	const char *display;
1539 	int interactive = tty_flag;
1540 
1541 	if (!success)
1542 		return; /* No need for error message, channels code sens one */
1543 
1544 	display = getenv("DISPLAY");
1545 	if (options.forward_x11 && display != NULL) {
1546 		char *proto, *data;
1547 		/* Get reasonable local authentication information. */
1548 		client_x11_get_proto(display, options.xauth_location,
1549 		    options.forward_x11_trusted,
1550 		    options.forward_x11_timeout, &proto, &data);
1551 		/* Request forwarding with authentication spoofing. */
1552 		debug("Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication "
1553 		    "spoofing.");
1554 		x11_request_forwarding_with_spoofing(id, display, proto,
1555 		    data, 1);
1556 		client_expect_confirm(id, "X11 forwarding", CONFIRM_WARN);
1557 		/* XXX exit_on_forward_failure */
1558 		interactive = 1;
1559 	}
1560 
1561 	check_agent_present();
1562 	if (options.forward_agent) {
1563 		debug("Requesting authentication agent forwarding.");
1564 		channel_request_start(id, "auth-agent-req@openssh.com", 0);
1565 		packet_send();
1566 	}
1567 
1568 	/* Tell the packet module whether this is an interactive session. */
1569 	packet_set_interactive(interactive,
1570 	    options.ip_qos_interactive, options.ip_qos_bulk);
1571 
1572 	client_session2_setup(id, tty_flag, subsystem_flag, getenv("TERM"),
1573 	    NULL, fileno(stdin), &command, environ);
1574 }
1575 
1576 /* open new channel for a session */
1577 static int
1578 ssh_session2_open(void)
1579 {
1580 	Channel *c;
1581 	int window, packetmax, in, out, err;
1582 
1583 	if (stdin_null_flag) {
1584 		in = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY);
1585 	} else {
1586 		in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1587 	}
1588 	out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO);
1589 	err = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
1590 
1591 	if (in < 0 || out < 0 || err < 0)
1592 		fatal("dup() in/out/err failed");
1593 
1594 	/* enable nonblocking unless tty */
1595 	if (!isatty(in))
1596 		set_nonblock(in);
1597 	if (!isatty(out))
1598 		set_nonblock(out);
1599 	if (!isatty(err))
1600 		set_nonblock(err);
1601 
1602 	window = CHAN_SES_WINDOW_DEFAULT;
1603 	packetmax = CHAN_SES_PACKET_DEFAULT;
1604 	if (tty_flag) {
1605 		window >>= 1;
1606 		packetmax >>= 1;
1607 	}
1608 	c = channel_new(
1609 	    "session", SSH_CHANNEL_OPENING, in, out, err,
1610 	    window, packetmax, CHAN_EXTENDED_WRITE,
1611 	    "client-session", /*nonblock*/0);
1612 
1613 	debug3("ssh_session2_open: channel_new: %d", c->self);
1614 
1615 	channel_send_open(c->self);
1616 	if (!no_shell_flag)
1617 		channel_register_open_confirm(c->self,
1618 		    ssh_session2_setup, NULL);
1619 
1620 	return c->self;
1621 }
1622 
1623 static int
1624 ssh_session2(void)
1625 {
1626 	int id = -1;
1627 
1628 	/* XXX should be pre-session */
1629 	if (!options.control_persist)
1630 		ssh_init_stdio_forwarding();
1631 	ssh_init_forwarding();
1632 
1633 	/* Start listening for multiplex clients */
1634 	muxserver_listen();
1635 
1636  	/*
1637 	 * If we are in control persist mode and have a working mux listen
1638 	 * socket, then prepare to background ourselves and have a foreground
1639 	 * client attach as a control slave.
1640 	 * NB. we must save copies of the flags that we override for
1641 	 * the backgrounding, since we defer attachment of the slave until
1642 	 * after the connection is fully established (in particular,
1643 	 * async rfwd replies have been received for ExitOnForwardFailure).
1644 	 */
1645  	if (options.control_persist && muxserver_sock != -1) {
1646 		ostdin_null_flag = stdin_null_flag;
1647 		ono_shell_flag = no_shell_flag;
1648 		orequest_tty = options.request_tty;
1649 		otty_flag = tty_flag;
1650  		stdin_null_flag = 1;
1651  		no_shell_flag = 1;
1652  		tty_flag = 0;
1653 		if (!fork_after_authentication_flag)
1654 			need_controlpersist_detach = 1;
1655 		fork_after_authentication_flag = 1;
1656  	}
1657 	/*
1658 	 * ControlPersist mux listen socket setup failed, attempt the
1659 	 * stdio forward setup that we skipped earlier.
1660 	 */
1661 	if (options.control_persist && muxserver_sock == -1)
1662 		ssh_init_stdio_forwarding();
1663 
1664 	if (!no_shell_flag || (datafellows & SSH_BUG_DUMMYCHAN))
1665 		id = ssh_session2_open();
1666 	else {
1667 		packet_set_interactive(
1668 		    options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_NO,
1669 		    options.ip_qos_interactive, options.ip_qos_bulk);
1670 	}
1671 
1672 	/* If we don't expect to open a new session, then disallow it */
1673 	if (options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_NO &&
1674 	    (datafellows & SSH_NEW_OPENSSH)) {
1675 		debug("Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com");
1676 		packet_start(SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST);
1677 		packet_put_cstring("no-more-sessions@openssh.com");
1678 		packet_put_char(0);
1679 		packet_send();
1680 	}
1681 
1682 	/* Execute a local command */
1683 	if (options.local_command != NULL &&
1684 	    options.permit_local_command)
1685 		ssh_local_cmd(options.local_command);
1686 
1687 	/*
1688 	 * If requested and we are not interested in replies to remote
1689 	 * forwarding requests, then let ssh continue in the background.
1690 	 */
1691 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag) {
1692 		if (options.exit_on_forward_failure &&
1693 		    options.num_remote_forwards > 0) {
1694 			debug("deferring postauth fork until remote forward "
1695 			    "confirmation received");
1696 		} else
1697 			fork_postauth();
1698 	}
1699 
1700 	if (options.use_roaming)
1701 		request_roaming();
1702 
1703 	return client_loop(tty_flag, tty_flag ?
1704 	    options.escape_char : SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE, id);
1705 }
1706 
1707 static void
1708 load_public_identity_files(void)
1709 {
1710 	char *filename, *cp, thishost[NI_MAXHOST];
1711 	char *pwdir = NULL, *pwname = NULL;
1712 	int i = 0;
1713 	Key *public;
1714 	struct passwd *pw;
1715 	u_int n_ids;
1716 	char *identity_files[SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES];
1717 	Key *identity_keys[SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES];
1718 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1719 	Key **keys;
1720 	int nkeys;
1721 #endif /* PKCS11 */
1722 
1723 	n_ids = 0;
1724 	memset(identity_files, 0, sizeof(identity_files));
1725 	memset(identity_keys, 0, sizeof(identity_keys));
1726 
1727 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1728 	if (options.pkcs11_provider != NULL &&
1729 	    options.num_identity_files < SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES &&
1730 	    (pkcs11_init(!options.batch_mode) == 0) &&
1731 	    (nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(options.pkcs11_provider, NULL,
1732 	    &keys)) > 0) {
1733 		for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
1734 			if (n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES) {
1735 				key_free(keys[i]);
1736 				continue;
1737 			}
1738 			identity_keys[n_ids] = keys[i];
1739 			identity_files[n_ids] =
1740 			    xstrdup(options.pkcs11_provider); /* XXX */
1741 			n_ids++;
1742 		}
1743 		free(keys);
1744 	}
1745 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
1746 	if ((pw = getpwuid(original_real_uid)) == NULL)
1747 		fatal("load_public_identity_files: getpwuid failed");
1748 	pwname = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
1749 	pwdir = xstrdup(pw->pw_dir);
1750 	if (gethostname(thishost, sizeof(thishost)) == -1)
1751 		fatal("load_public_identity_files: gethostname: %s",
1752 		    strerror(errno));
1753 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1754 		if (n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES ||
1755 		    strcasecmp(options.identity_files[i], "none") == 0) {
1756 			free(options.identity_files[i]);
1757 			continue;
1758 		}
1759 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.identity_files[i],
1760 		    original_real_uid);
1761 		filename = percent_expand(cp, "d", pwdir,
1762 		    "u", pwname, "l", thishost, "h", host,
1763 		    "r", options.user, (char *)NULL);
1764 		free(cp);
1765 		public = key_load_public(filename, NULL);
1766 		debug("identity file %s type %d", filename,
1767 		    public ? public->type : -1);
1768 		free(options.identity_files[i]);
1769 		identity_files[n_ids] = filename;
1770 		identity_keys[n_ids] = public;
1771 
1772 		if (++n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES)
1773 			continue;
1774 
1775 		/* Try to add the certificate variant too */
1776 		xasprintf(&cp, "%s-cert", filename);
1777 		public = key_load_public(cp, NULL);
1778 		debug("identity file %s type %d", cp,
1779 		    public ? public->type : -1);
1780 		if (public == NULL) {
1781 			free(cp);
1782 			continue;
1783 		}
1784 		if (!key_is_cert(public)) {
1785 			debug("%s: key %s type %s is not a certificate",
1786 			    __func__, cp, key_type(public));
1787 			key_free(public);
1788 			free(cp);
1789 			continue;
1790 		}
1791 		identity_keys[n_ids] = public;
1792 		/* point to the original path, most likely the private key */
1793 		identity_files[n_ids] = xstrdup(filename);
1794 		n_ids++;
1795 	}
1796 	options.num_identity_files = n_ids;
1797 	memcpy(options.identity_files, identity_files, sizeof(identity_files));
1798 	memcpy(options.identity_keys, identity_keys, sizeof(identity_keys));
1799 
1800 	explicit_bzero(pwname, strlen(pwname));
1801 	free(pwname);
1802 	explicit_bzero(pwdir, strlen(pwdir));
1803 	free(pwdir);
1804 }
1805 
1806 static void
1807 main_sigchld_handler(int sig)
1808 {
1809 	int save_errno = errno;
1810 	pid_t pid;
1811 	int status;
1812 
1813 	while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0 ||
1814 	    (pid < 0 && errno == EINTR))
1815 		;
1816 
1817 	signal(sig, main_sigchld_handler);
1818 	errno = save_errno;
1819 }
1820